b80bad4366
add descriptions of exported data attributes
2005-01-05 07:13:32 +00:00
4f49e7d0e7
describe reset()
2005-01-05 07:03:53 +00:00
bb0c9dc852
add a couple missing items
2005-01-05 06:58:15 +00:00
31043cd6d8
Clarify that DictMixin is still useful. Only the UserDict class was supplanted.
2005-01-04 21:25:00 +00:00
454f76711c
New subprocess utility function: check_call. Closes #1071764 .
2005-01-01 09:36:35 +00:00
68804315e0
SF Patch #1093896 : miscellaneous doc typos
2005-01-01 00:28:46 +00:00
79e0531aef
SF bug #1090139 : presentation typo in lib: 6.21.4.2 How callbacks are called
2004-12-31 01:07:27 +00:00
0a6864ecc5
discuss how the __builtin__ module is normally used, and try to clarify the
...
difference between __builtins__ and __builtin__ (based on an email comment)
2004-12-23 16:50:36 +00:00
fb915fe812
fix weird capitalization of "built-in"
2004-12-23 16:22:45 +00:00
6414cd8717
SF patch #1055159 via Titus Brown: Document redirect limitation.
...
Bug fix candidate.
2004-12-22 14:19:09 +00:00
1902146ea1
Remove outdated comments about expanduser and expandvars for Macintosh that
...
referred to OS 9 semantics.
2004-12-22 05:40:45 +00:00
7c404a4bf7
add __file__ to the globals available for tests loaded via DocFileSuite;
...
this is useful for locating supporting data files, just as it is in Python
modules
2004-12-21 23:46:34 +00:00
f654c1c383
Add accidentally removed \end{description} back in.
2004-12-21 21:14:42 +00:00
2ccea17856
Any call to marshal.dumps() with the new optional argument 'version' just
...
immediately segfaults, due to a typo! This was obviously never tested...
Added a test for it, and also fixed the documentation.
2004-12-20 12:25:57 +00:00
f964154b8c
Bug #1088206 : zlib decompressobj documentation typo
2004-12-20 06:08:12 +00:00
da264121f4
Bug #1066607 : "Limitations" section of profiler docs is incorrect
2004-12-19 20:31:46 +00:00
3fa932f7ed
Fix typo (from SF bug #1086127 ).
2004-12-15 23:44:18 +00:00
744aaa02e0
SF bug #1084457 : ossaudiodev no longer undocumented
2004-12-14 07:19:22 +00:00
7af53a6de4
the bsddb module now also works with BerkeleyDB 4.3.
2004-12-13 09:57:32 +00:00
f4a70f35b0
Patch #1080684 : typo repair. Thanks George Yoshida!
...
- Doc/lib/libbase64.tex
s/algorith/algorithm
- Doc/lib/libpickle.tex
s/interchangable/interchangeable
- Doc/lib/libxmlrpclib.tex
s/{_cmp__}/{__cmp__}
leading underscore needs to be double, not single.
- Doc/ref/ref6.tex
0/1 => False/True
2004-12-12 16:52:40 +00:00
222d5b466b
Setting textwrap.TextWrapper().expand_tabs to True calls expandtabs, not
...
expand_tabs, on the object being wrapped.
2004-12-11 09:53:52 +00:00
a6b45cc31d
Eliminate the deprecated option to return None instead of a tuple of arguments in __reduce__().
2004-12-07 07:05:57 +00:00
a32d22a509
Remove deprecated xmllib from inclusion in the docs.
2004-12-06 12:29:56 +00:00
e208412348
Fix for SF bug #947894 : calendar.weekheader() undocumented
2004-12-06 07:58:14 +00:00
c8aa848ece
Have test_mkalias_relative check that sys.prefix already exists; otherwise test
...
is pointless.
Also add a note to the docs for the 'test' package that test cases should check
first that any conditions needed in the operating system are met before having
a test run.
Closes bug #1077302 . THanks, Ian Holsman.
2004-12-06 06:08:59 +00:00
5f5e141589
Changed signature of call function to avoid confusion: this 'args' is not the same as the one to the Popen constructor
2004-12-05 20:15:36 +00:00
b2594050ea
Added optional None arguments to itertools.islice().
2004-12-05 09:25:51 +00:00
1d542f2446
Remove the deprecated statcache module.
2004-12-05 05:29:51 +00:00
3489cad30a
Removed the deprecated bin parameter from the pickle module.
2004-12-05 05:20:42 +00:00
1bc82f891c
Removed deprecated method arguments from the shelve module.
2004-12-05 03:58:17 +00:00
6c92d76abc
Removed deprecated method from pstats.
2004-12-05 03:28:00 +00:00
f3fa9460de
Removed deprecated use_statcache argument.
2004-12-05 01:58:09 +00:00
784ab76c87
Remove the deprecated whrandom module.
2004-12-04 10:50:51 +00:00
07b28b920e
Hyphenate 'one-argument'
2004-12-03 14:59:09 +00:00
3b0c7c20a1
SF patch #1077353 : add key= argument to min and max
...
(First draft of patch contributed by Steven Bethard.)
2004-12-03 08:30:39 +00:00
e8fdc4502f
Fixed errors reported in SF bug #1074693
2004-12-02 21:27:42 +00:00
4901a1f267
Add key= argument to heapq.nsmallest() and heapq.nlargest().
2004-12-02 08:59:14 +00:00
5d6057f073
Fix typo.
2004-12-02 08:31:41 +00:00
ab807e8a0d
Make the example server code clearer; add the corresponding example client. [Bugfix candidate]
2004-12-01 18:34:11 +00:00
6fdf3cbb13
Corrected example for replacing shell pipeline. Fixes bug 1073790.
2004-11-30 18:06:42 +00:00
02d74f68c6
Hear the #error: change the default value of the mutable_arg argument
...
to ioctl() and remove the warning when it is not supplied.
2004-11-30 14:31:54 +00:00
4fd38b3f77
Fix typo.
2004-11-25 05:35:32 +00:00
23ce5848aa
Clarify the ordering of dictionary keys.
2004-11-25 05:16:19 +00:00
3de9aa40ec
Make sure the money formatting recipe can doesn't run out of digits
...
to the right of the decimal point.
2004-11-25 04:47:09 +00:00
8f2c4eed93
SF bug #1071566 : moneyfmt recipe in decimal documentation has error
2004-11-24 05:53:26 +00:00
7f13cfa674
os.walk(): Changed the "sum of bytes consumed by files" example to use
...
a generator expression instead of a listcomp.
Not a backport candidate (genexps are new in 2.4).
2004-11-22 16:53:46 +00:00
919a3b40f9
SF bug 1071087: os.walk example for deleting a full tree is sometime wrong.
...
Clarify that the example assumes no links are present; the point of the
example is to illustrate a need for topdown=False, not to wrestle with
platform-dependent link convolutions.
Also spell os.path.join() out in full, instead of using a shortcut import.
The bug reporter was confused by that too, and it's clearer this way.
Bugfix candidate; but I don't intend to backport it.
2004-11-22 16:49:02 +00:00
139af0295c
Fixed quantize syntax.
2004-11-20 00:33:51 +00:00
a2325f67a1
SF patch #1068456 : small update for pdb docs
2004-11-18 08:39:33 +00:00
fdc58f2391
SF bug 1066438: datetime.replace method description error
...
Repair typo in example.
2004-11-15 03:50:16 +00:00
441609466b
SF bug 1060644. Better explanation of min() and max() methods. Thanks Raymond Hettinger and Tim Peters.
2004-11-12 02:03:36 +00:00
961eda7ad9
SF #1063757 : fix markup error (had LaTeX markup in the reST source,
...
oops!).
2004-11-12 01:20:17 +00:00
edde492f13
Minor grammatical errors fixed
2004-11-11 13:54:48 +00:00
2269d86598
Fix SF bug #1061770 : Manual typesets bit-shift operators as guillemet
2004-11-11 06:14:05 +00:00
758f5ea419
Replace last two uses of the "list" environment with "description"
...
environments.
Closes SF bug #692442 : Konqueror can't render docs because of
malformed HTML. While the generated HTML is still terrible, the cited
cases of <DL COMPACT> have been removed. The general problem of XHTML
conformance has not been solved, but is endemic to LaTeX2HTML output.
2004-11-11 05:04:55 +00:00
8efc80a909
- remove use of a "list" environment (replace with a table)
...
- fix minor markup nits
2004-11-11 04:39:56 +00:00
4de9374b0e
Patch #1062033 / bug #1027771 : clarify what happens when calling
...
insertBefore() with refChild=None.
2004-11-07 19:55:18 +00:00
4f18caa07b
Patch #1062018 / bug #1038693 : comment out dead link in tkinter docs.
2004-11-07 19:36:48 +00:00
3546188123
Added more documentation about the executable argument.
...
Fixes #1056441 .
2004-11-07 16:38:08 +00:00
f164322fe8
Patch #1061924 : add documentation for BaseRotatingHandler and correct
...
reference to non-existent function 'setRollover()'.
2004-11-07 16:11:35 +00:00
eaaa771816
Clarify that it's not necessary to subclass from TestCase to create a
...
test case. As Jeremy put it: "subclassing is an implementation
technique, not a type declaration".
2004-11-07 16:02:07 +00:00
4f802ac2b6
Patch #1061857 : add documentation for previously undocumented
...
TimedRotatingFileHandler class. Thanks Jeroen Vloothuis!
2004-11-07 14:14:27 +00:00
700d9b9b63
SF patch #1061780 : use a new -m option in pdb and profile invocations
...
Doc patch submitted by Ilya Sandler.
2004-11-07 06:18:37 +00:00
bb4e859ecf
SF bug #1060825 : Error in difflib docs
2004-11-05 16:38:08 +00:00
2cf5e1920b
Point out some platform vagaries in stat() and utime().
...
Bugfix candidate (the vagaries aren't new <wink>), but I don't intend to
backport this.
2004-11-04 21:27:48 +00:00
80adba6873
Mistakes in the "sequence types" page:
...
* explanation for example with lists of lists made confusing use of
the word "contains" to mean "is built out of".
* wrong formula for slices with step. Is it ok to use LaTeX formulas
(which become images in the html document)? This version needs one
because it's based on a fraction. Just writing "\code{(j-i)/k}" here would
be ambiguous because it looks like a rounding-down-to-the-previous-integer
division, which is not what we need here. Of course we could write
"\code{float(j-i)/k}" but it just looks confusing.
2004-11-04 11:29:09 +00:00
99e5ce5cf4
markup nit
2004-11-04 05:45:44 +00:00
599bd5e1e1
Fix bug 1052242. Also includes rewrite of test case using unittest and
...
avoiding use of popen.
2004-11-04 04:31:30 +00:00
87d6fc5161
SF bug #1030118 , this should have named the email.Utils module as the one
...
containing these functions. (I will backport to Python 2.3)
2004-11-01 03:59:24 +00:00
8c72eae237
SF patch #1056967 , changes the semantics of Template.safe_substitute() to not
...
raise a ValueError for dangling delimiters (the delimiter itself is returned).
2004-11-01 03:52:43 +00:00
63e2090fda
Bug #1057535 : add link in time module to calendar.timegm().
2004-10-31 12:19:34 +00:00
048840c485
style consistency:
...
- always include a space after the "#" that starts a comment
- easier to read imports
2004-10-29 14:35:42 +00:00
006483b003
Added network logging example
2004-10-29 12:30:28 +00:00
182ac85147
SF #737473 : Show up-to-date source code in tracebacks always.
...
And add an optional argument 'filename' to linecache.checkcache()
to enable checking caches per-file.
2004-10-26 09:16:42 +00:00
3ed238503d
add missing line break
2004-10-25 21:35:17 +00:00
93ae4c100e
Added example of multiple destinations
2004-10-22 21:43:15 +00:00
57712b3d9a
Remove the current version of zlib (we'll just have to keep updating it); rewrite following sentence to make sense without the previous one
2004-10-19 19:50:23 +00:00
28d07ab676
Typo fixes, and a minor edit to clarify a sentence
2004-10-19 19:39:02 +00:00
5fcc003566
[Bug #1049826 ] Update version of zlib referenced in text
2004-10-19 18:52:49 +00:00
6b1597c7c7
Clarify note about using %U and %W with strptime().
2004-10-18 01:53:15 +00:00
8abcc5d533
Add support for %U and %W to contribute to calculating the date when the year
...
and day of the week are specified.
Closes bug #1045381 .
2004-10-18 01:37:57 +00:00
a5c64599d5
SF bug #1048756 , Doc typo for pdb
2004-10-17 19:55:47 +00:00
2562ff2de3
SF patch #1047577 , typo in liblocale.tex
2004-10-17 16:36:05 +00:00
b04b6afd01
SF Patch #1048341 : subprocess documentation, based on PEP/docstring by
...
Peter Astrand, with markup by Fredrik Lundh and Raymond Hettinger.
2004-10-17 16:29:48 +00:00
2784df7502
SF Bug #1046800 : Importing Tkinter correctly (thanks Vishnu).
2004-10-16 21:40:35 +00:00
371e4d895b
SF bug 1046690: difflib.HtmlDiff doc errors.
...
Easy doc corrections from Dan Gass.
Also repaired the LaTeX for optional keyword arguments throughout, which
was (incorrectly) nested instead of flat.
2004-10-14 03:09:48 +00:00
9fc9789a0d
Document that on Unix, the 'cmd' argument to the os.popen2/3/4 and
...
popen2.popen2/3/4 functions can be a sequence. All texts are a variation on the
following:
On \UNIX, \var{cmd} may be a sequence, in which case arguments will be passed
directly to the program without shell intervention (as with
\function{os.spawnv()}). If \var{cmd} is a string it will be passed to the shell
(as with \function{os.system()}).
2004-10-11 18:12:20 +00:00
3dd9e46161
Added a usegmt flag to email.Utils.formatdate - this allows it to be
...
used to replace rfc822.formatdate for protocols like HTTP (where 'GMT' must
be the timezone string).
2004-10-11 13:53:08 +00:00
7a8ce5afcc
[Bug #1022311 ] curses module uses y,x ordering of arguments, not x,y
2004-10-08 18:48:43 +00:00
293dc9d70f
[Bug #1041501 ] Fix example code
2004-10-08 18:34:47 +00:00
77d110d6b8
SF patch #1041364 : True/False instead of 1/0 in libstdtypes.tex
...
(Contributed by Gerrit Holl. Reviewed by Jeff Epler.)
2004-10-08 01:52:15 +00:00
29978aedcb
The docs claimed a test would pass that actually wouldn't pass. Repaired
...
the example so it does pass.
2004-10-04 03:34:32 +00:00
1dc5b1e5a2
Clarified documentation about exc_info keyword parameter
2004-10-03 19:10:05 +00:00
1cbf206d32
SF bug #997050 : Document, test, & check for non-string values in ConfigParser. Moved the new string-only restriction added in rev. 1.65 to the SafeConfigParser class, leaving existing ConfigParser & RawConfigParser behavior alone, and documented the conditions under which non-string values work.
2004-10-03 15:55:09 +00:00
bfe5684308
typo
2004-10-03 09:41:26 +00:00
8df5921247
Blarg, fix the versions.
2004-10-03 03:58:01 +00:00
43790b4b21
Updates for distutils package.
2004-10-03 03:57:37 +00:00
2ec4854f13
Add documentation about as_string() mangling From_ lines.
2004-10-03 03:39:47 +00:00
bb11386730
Big email 3.0 API changes, with updated unit tests and documentation.
...
Briefly (from the NEWS file):
- Updates for the email package:
+ All deprecated APIs that in email 2.x issued warnings have been removed:
_encoder argument to the MIMEText constructor, Message.add_payload(),
Utils.dump_address_pair(), Utils.decode(), Utils.encode()
+ New deprecations: Generator.__call__(), Message.get_type(),
Message.get_main_type(), Message.get_subtype(), the 'strict' argument to
the Parser constructor. These will be removed in email 3.1.
+ Support for Python earlier than 2.3 has been removed (see PEP 291).
+ All defect classes have been renamed to end in 'Defect'.
+ Some FeedParser fixes; also a MultipartInvariantViolationDefect will be
added to messages that claim to be multipart but really aren't.
+ Updates to documentation.
2004-10-03 03:16:19 +00:00
565ea5ae37
SF bug#1038917 fix typos (Contributed by George Yoshida.)
2004-10-02 11:02:59 +00:00
e644a1b921
Get references working (except for references to "Extending optparse",
...
which isn't being converted from reST yet).
2004-10-01 01:16:39 +00:00
0fe00aafc3
Added 2 notes about the complexities of testing SyntaxErrors.
2004-09-30 17:18:18 +00:00
f751fa6195
SF bug #1035279 : hex() and oct() documentation is incorrect
...
* Updated docs to reflected signed return values.
* Fixed a doubled word typo.
2004-09-30 00:59:08 +00:00
5497feefac
minor doc tweaks for writexml
2004-09-28 18:40:42 +00:00
67db9a5b72
typo
2004-09-28 18:30:03 +00:00
7d88a58e85
Reverted the addition of a NORMALIZE_NUMBERS option, per Tim Peter's
...
request. Tim says that "correct 'fuzzy' comparison of floats cannot
be automated." (The motivation behind adding the new option
was verifying interactive examples in Python's latex documentation;
several such examples use numbers that don't print consistently on
different platforms.)
2004-09-28 05:50:57 +00:00
aec3c9b54f
Added a new NORMALIZE_NUMBERS option, which causes number literals in
...
the expected output to match corresponding number literals in the
actual output if their values are equal (to ten digits of precision).
2004-09-28 04:29:57 +00:00
1793dd31de
Fixed minor typo in interactive example (extra '.'s in '...' prompts)
2004-09-28 03:12:01 +00:00
dcdb4b4d78
Fixed minor typo in interactive example (extra blank line)
2004-09-28 03:08:57 +00:00
78a5271d3e
SF bug #1033038 : Misleading error message in random.choice
...
Added a clarifying line to the docs.
2004-09-28 03:04:23 +00:00
ad512265a5
Fixed minor typo in interactive example
2004-09-28 02:56:45 +00:00
3077b02ff4
Fixed minor typo in interactive example (backslash shouldn't be doubled)
2004-09-28 02:54:54 +00:00
a7f62814cf
Updated interactive examples in the "Examples" session to reflect the
...
fact that compiler.ast.Function now takes a "decorators" argument.
2004-09-28 02:53:50 +00:00
b6f7fb7327
Major overhaul to reflect Optik 1.5. Section references currently broken.
2004-09-28 01:30:23 +00:00
b6aa856f25
Patch #1009075 , bug #952953 : allow execve with empty 2nd argument
2004-09-27 19:54:33 +00:00
a4c6a8522c
- Added a "parser" option to testfile() and DocFileTest().
2004-09-27 04:08:20 +00:00
456ff91664
- Fixed typo in multi-line exception example
...
- Fixed indentation for a verbatim block
2004-09-27 03:30:44 +00:00
36ee8ce373
Give a saner example for script_from_examples(); also mention an intended
...
but not entirely obvious use case.
2004-09-26 21:51:25 +00:00
9463d8761b
Made most module references "clickable".
2004-09-26 21:05:03 +00:00
0041121c25
Docs for run_docstring_examples().
2004-09-26 20:45:04 +00:00
05b05febad
Added a lot of new stuff to the debugging section.
2004-09-26 05:09:59 +00:00
16be62f054
register_optionflag(): Moved from the Debugging section to the section
...
on option flags; added a versionadded decoration.
2004-09-26 02:38:41 +00:00
6a0a64b7ad
Document set_unittest_reportflags().
2004-09-26 02:12:40 +00:00
c90ea82302
Fix double word error.
2004-09-25 08:09:23 +00:00
3f7912521d
Assorted minor changes, plus a lot more soap.
2004-09-25 03:50:35 +00:00
8c0a2cf938
Explain the motivation for the unittest functions, and beef up the
...
example. Squash repeated argument descriptions. Minor rewordings.
2004-09-25 03:02:23 +00:00
b2b26aca13
Repaired mistakes in the descriptions of testmod()/testfile(), and
...
squashed massive duplication of common argument descriptions.
2004-09-25 01:51:49 +00:00
2dc820599b
Since the doctest warnings section was reduced to one bullet point,
...
get rid of the itemize structure.
2004-09-25 01:30:16 +00:00
39c5de0376
In the "doctest warnings" section, removed obsolete info, and noted that
...
ELLIPSIS can be used to deal with examples that embed object addresses.
2004-09-25 01:22:29 +00:00
06cc847cee
Beef up the section on testfile(), giving a complete example in
...
reStructuredText format. Remove words describing the return value of
testmod() and testfile() in the intro sections, since it's never
useful in such simple cases.
2004-09-25 00:49:53 +00:00
cac5e7b81d
Typo.
2004-09-25 00:11:43 +00:00
7a082142d8
Since the LaTeX isn't doctest'ed, examples are always wrong <wink>.
2004-09-25 00:10:53 +00:00
739d49e39b
Added log() function documentation
2004-09-24 11:46:44 +00:00
596ba4d89e
Granted Noam Raphael's request for minor improvements to the re module and
...
its documentation.
* Documented that the compiled re methods are supposed to be more full
featured than their simpilified function counterparts.
* Documented the existing start and stop position arguments for the
findall() and finditer() methods of compiled regular expression objects.
* Added an optional flags argument to the re.findall() and re.finditer()
functions. This aligns their API with that for re.search() and
re.match().
2004-09-24 03:41:05 +00:00
4533f1fb7f
Improve three recipes in the itertools docs.
2004-09-23 07:27:39 +00:00
c6646c097a
Added getLoggerClass()
2004-09-22 12:55:16 +00:00
b3666a3da2
- Updated docs to reflect changes in 2.4.
...
- Reorganized the documentation
- Shifted focus a little more towards "literate testing"
- Documented new functions and classes:
- testfile()
- Example, DocTest
- DocTestParser, DocTestFinder, DocTestRunner, OutputChecker
- DocFileSuite
- DebugRunner, DocTestFailure, UnexpectedException
- register_optionflag()
2004-09-21 03:00:51 +00:00
6cc1350807
- Updated example output to match actual output
...
- Minor wording changes
- Changed the docs to reflect the fact that multiple option directives
can be specified on a single line (and updated the directive
production list, as well).
2004-09-19 01:16:44 +00:00
33db656dbf
Update Template/PEP 292 documentation to current implementation.
2004-09-18 21:13:43 +00:00
39a317890f
Patch #1025790 : Add status code constants to httplib.
2004-09-18 09:03:49 +00:00
23f1241dc6
SF #1027105 : HardwareRandom should be renamed OSRandom
...
Renamed the new generator at Trevor's recommendation.
The name HardwareRandom suggested a bit more than it
delivered (no radioactive decay detectors or such).
2004-09-13 22:23:21 +00:00
8278860e52
Document testmod's new exclude_empty argument.
2004-09-13 15:03:17 +00:00
2ee8099bd8
HtmlDiff corrections from Dan Gass, + trimmed trailing whitespace.
2004-09-12 03:21:00 +00:00
2014c033f7
Patch #1022152 : add required 'domain' argument to gettext.translation() examples.
2004-09-11 17:33:25 +00:00
d345225ae5
Patch #1026384 : fix two common typo's:
...
- accomodate -> accommodate
- occured -> occurred
Thanks George Yoshida!
2004-09-11 16:50:06 +00:00
c9c37ca62e
Patch #1025800 : remove TeX quoting from verbatim section. Thanks Dima Dorfman!
2004-09-11 15:47:30 +00:00
55be9eab38
Typo fix: 'comparisions' is not a word
2004-09-10 12:59:54 +00:00
961c2882a9
document the exceptions raised by sgmllib, htmllib, and HTMLParser
2004-09-10 01:20:21 +00:00
a2544ee7f0
fix typo in markup
2004-09-10 01:16:49 +00:00
69652035bc
SF patch #998993 : The UTF-8 and the UTF-16 stateful decoders now support
...
decoding incomplete input (when the input stream is temporarily exhausted).
codecs.StreamReader now implements buffering, which enables proper
readline support for the UTF-16 decoders. codecs.StreamReader.read()
has a new argument chars which specifies the number of characters to
return. codecs.StreamReader.readline() and codecs.StreamReader.readlines()
have a new argument keepends. Trailing "\n"s will be stripped from the lines
if keepends is false. Added C APIs PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8Stateful and
PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16Stateful.
2004-09-07 20:24:22 +00:00
Skip Montanaro
Raymond Hettinger
Peter Astrand
Fred Drake
Jeremy Hylton
Brett Cannon
Johannes Gijsbers
Armin Rigo
Walter Dörwald
Gregory P. Smith
Andrew M. Kuchling
Vinay Sajip
Michael W. Hudson
Tim Peters
Facundo Batista
Greg Ward
Barry Warsaw
Hye-Shik Chang
Neal Norwitz
Fredrik Lundh
Anthony Baxter
David Goodger
Edward Loper
Martin v. Löwis