1775 lines
66 KiB
Python
1775 lines
66 KiB
Python
# subprocess - Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams
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#
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# For more information about this module, see PEP 324.
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#
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# Copyright (c) 2003-2005 by Peter Astrand <astrand@lysator.liu.se>
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#
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# Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement.
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# See http://www.python.org/2.4/license for licensing details.
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r"""subprocess - Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams
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This module allows you to spawn processes, connect to their
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input/output/error pipes, and obtain their return codes. This module
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intends to replace several older modules and functions:
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os.system
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os.spawn*
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Information about how the subprocess module can be used to replace these
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modules and functions can be found below.
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Using the subprocess module
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===========================
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This module defines one class called Popen:
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class Popen(args, bufsize=-1, executable=None,
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stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None,
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preexec_fn=None, close_fds=True, shell=False,
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cwd=None, env=None, universal_newlines=False,
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startupinfo=None, creationflags=0,
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restore_signals=True, start_new_session=False, pass_fds=()):
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Arguments are:
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args should be a string, or a sequence of program arguments. The
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program to execute is normally the first item in the args sequence or
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string, but can be explicitly set by using the executable argument.
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On POSIX, with shell=False (default): In this case, the Popen class
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uses os.execvp() to execute the child program. args should normally
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be a sequence. A string will be treated as a sequence with the string
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as the only item (the program to execute).
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On POSIX, with shell=True: If args is a string, it specifies the
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command string to execute through the shell. If args is a sequence,
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the first item specifies the command string, and any additional items
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will be treated as additional shell arguments.
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On Windows: the Popen class uses CreateProcess() to execute the child
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program, which operates on strings. If args is a sequence, it will be
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converted to a string using the list2cmdline method. Please note that
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not all MS Windows applications interpret the command line the same
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way: The list2cmdline is designed for applications using the same
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rules as the MS C runtime.
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bufsize will be supplied as the corresponding argument to the io.open()
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function when creating the stdin/stdout/stderr pipe file objects:
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0 means unbuffered (read & write are one system call and can return short),
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1 means line buffered, any other positive value means use a buffer of
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approximately that size. A negative bufsize, the default, means the system
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default of io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE will be used.
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stdin, stdout and stderr specify the executed programs' standard
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input, standard output and standard error file handles, respectively.
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Valid values are PIPE, an existing file descriptor (a positive
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integer), an existing file object, and None. PIPE indicates that a
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new pipe to the child should be created. With None, no redirection
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will occur; the child's file handles will be inherited from the
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parent. Additionally, stderr can be STDOUT, which indicates that the
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stderr data from the applications should be captured into the same
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file handle as for stdout.
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On POSIX, if preexec_fn is set to a callable object, this object will be
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called in the child process just before the child is executed. The use
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of preexec_fn is not thread safe, using it in the presence of threads
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could lead to a deadlock in the child process before the new executable
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is executed.
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If close_fds is true, all file descriptors except 0, 1 and 2 will be
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closed before the child process is executed. The default for close_fds
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varies by platform: Always true on POSIX. True when stdin/stdout/stderr
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are None on Windows, false otherwise.
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pass_fds is an optional sequence of file descriptors to keep open between the
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parent and child. Providing any pass_fds implicitly sets close_fds to true.
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if shell is true, the specified command will be executed through the
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shell.
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If cwd is not None, the current directory will be changed to cwd
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before the child is executed.
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On POSIX, if restore_signals is True all signals that Python sets to
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SIG_IGN are restored to SIG_DFL in the child process before the exec.
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Currently this includes the SIGPIPE, SIGXFZ and SIGXFSZ signals. This
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parameter does nothing on Windows.
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On POSIX, if start_new_session is True, the setsid() system call will be made
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in the child process prior to executing the command.
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If env is not None, it defines the environment variables for the new
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process.
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If universal_newlines is False, the file objects stdin, stdout and stderr
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are opened as binary files, and no line ending conversion is done.
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If universal_newlines is True, the file objects stdout and stderr are
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opened as a text file, but lines may be terminated by any of '\n',
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the Unix end-of-line convention, '\r', the old Macintosh convention or
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'\r\n', the Windows convention. All of these external representations
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are seen as '\n' by the Python program. Also, the newlines attribute
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of the file objects stdout, stdin and stderr are not updated by the
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communicate() method.
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In either case, the process being communicated with should start up
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expecting to receive bytes on its standard input and decode them with
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the same encoding they are sent in.
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The startupinfo and creationflags, if given, will be passed to the
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underlying CreateProcess() function. They can specify things such as
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appearance of the main window and priority for the new process.
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(Windows only)
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This module also defines some shortcut functions:
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call(*popenargs, **kwargs):
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Run command with arguments. Wait for command to complete, then
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return the returncode attribute.
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The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example:
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>>> retcode = subprocess.call(["ls", "-l"])
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check_call(*popenargs, **kwargs):
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Run command with arguments. Wait for command to complete. If the
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exit code was zero then return, otherwise raise
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CalledProcessError. The CalledProcessError object will have the
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return code in the returncode attribute.
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The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example:
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>>> subprocess.check_call(["ls", "-l"])
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0
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getstatusoutput(cmd):
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Return (status, output) of executing cmd in a shell.
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Execute the string 'cmd' in a shell with 'check_output' and
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return a 2-tuple (status, output). Universal newlines mode is used,
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meaning that the result with be decoded to a string.
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A trailing newline is stripped from the output.
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The exit status for the command can be interpreted
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according to the rules for the function 'wait'. Example:
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>>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('ls /bin/ls')
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(0, '/bin/ls')
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>>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('cat /bin/junk')
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(256, 'cat: /bin/junk: No such file or directory')
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>>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('/bin/junk')
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(256, 'sh: /bin/junk: not found')
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getoutput(cmd):
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Return output (stdout or stderr) of executing cmd in a shell.
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Like getstatusoutput(), except the exit status is ignored and the return
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value is a string containing the command's output. Example:
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>>> subprocess.getoutput('ls /bin/ls')
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'/bin/ls'
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check_output(*popenargs, **kwargs):
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Run command with arguments and return its output.
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If the exit code was non-zero it raises a CalledProcessError. The
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CalledProcessError object will have the return code in the returncode
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attribute and output in the output attribute.
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The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example:
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>>> output = subprocess.check_output(["ls", "-l", "/dev/null"])
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There is an additional optional argument, "input", allowing you to
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pass a string to the subprocess's stdin. If you use this argument
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you may not also use the Popen constructor's "stdin" argument.
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If universal_newlines is set to True, the "input" argument must
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be a string rather than bytes, and the return value will be a string.
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Exceptions
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----------
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Exceptions raised in the child process, before the new program has
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started to execute, will be re-raised in the parent. Additionally,
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the exception object will have one extra attribute called
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'child_traceback', which is a string containing traceback information
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from the child's point of view.
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The most common exception raised is OSError. This occurs, for
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example, when trying to execute a non-existent file. Applications
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should prepare for OSErrors.
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A ValueError will be raised if Popen is called with invalid arguments.
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Exceptions defined within this module inherit from SubprocessError.
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check_call() and check_output() will raise CalledProcessError if the
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called process returns a non-zero return code. TimeoutExpired
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be raised if a timeout was specified and expired.
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Security
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--------
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Unlike some other popen functions, this implementation will never call
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/bin/sh implicitly. This means that all characters, including shell
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metacharacters, can safely be passed to child processes.
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Popen objects
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=============
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Instances of the Popen class have the following methods:
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poll()
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Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncode
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attribute.
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wait()
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Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode attribute.
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communicate(input=None)
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Interact with process: Send data to stdin. Read data from stdout
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and stderr, until end-of-file is reached. Wait for process to
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terminate. The optional input argument should be data to be
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sent to the child process, or None, if no data should be sent to
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the child. If the Popen instance was constructed with universal_newlines
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set to True, the input argument should be a string and will be encoded
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using the preferred system encoding (see locale.getpreferredencoding);
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if universal_newlines is False, the input argument should be a
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byte string.
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communicate() returns a tuple (stdout, stderr).
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Note: The data read is buffered in memory, so do not use this
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method if the data size is large or unlimited.
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The following attributes are also available:
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stdin
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If the stdin argument is PIPE, this attribute is a file object
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that provides input to the child process. Otherwise, it is None.
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stdout
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If the stdout argument is PIPE, this attribute is a file object
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that provides output from the child process. Otherwise, it is
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None.
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stderr
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If the stderr argument is PIPE, this attribute is file object that
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provides error output from the child process. Otherwise, it is
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None.
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pid
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The process ID of the child process.
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returncode
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The child return code. A None value indicates that the process
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hasn't terminated yet. A negative value -N indicates that the
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child was terminated by signal N (POSIX only).
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Replacing older functions with the subprocess module
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====================================================
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In this section, "a ==> b" means that b can be used as a replacement
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for a.
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Note: All functions in this section fail (more or less) silently if
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the executed program cannot be found; this module raises an OSError
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exception.
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In the following examples, we assume that the subprocess module is
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imported with "from subprocess import *".
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Replacing /bin/sh shell backquote
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---------------------------------
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output=`mycmd myarg`
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==>
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output = Popen(["mycmd", "myarg"], stdout=PIPE).communicate()[0]
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Replacing shell pipe line
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-------------------------
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output=`dmesg | grep hda`
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==>
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p1 = Popen(["dmesg"], stdout=PIPE)
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p2 = Popen(["grep", "hda"], stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=PIPE)
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output = p2.communicate()[0]
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Replacing os.system()
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---------------------
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sts = os.system("mycmd" + " myarg")
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==>
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p = Popen("mycmd" + " myarg", shell=True)
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pid, sts = os.waitpid(p.pid, 0)
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Note:
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* Calling the program through the shell is usually not required.
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* It's easier to look at the returncode attribute than the
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exitstatus.
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A more real-world example would look like this:
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try:
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retcode = call("mycmd" + " myarg", shell=True)
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if retcode < 0:
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print("Child was terminated by signal", -retcode, file=sys.stderr)
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else:
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print("Child returned", retcode, file=sys.stderr)
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except OSError as e:
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print("Execution failed:", e, file=sys.stderr)
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Replacing os.spawn*
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-------------------
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P_NOWAIT example:
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pid = os.spawnlp(os.P_NOWAIT, "/bin/mycmd", "mycmd", "myarg")
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==>
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pid = Popen(["/bin/mycmd", "myarg"]).pid
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P_WAIT example:
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retcode = os.spawnlp(os.P_WAIT, "/bin/mycmd", "mycmd", "myarg")
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==>
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retcode = call(["/bin/mycmd", "myarg"])
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Vector example:
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os.spawnvp(os.P_NOWAIT, path, args)
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==>
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Popen([path] + args[1:])
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Environment example:
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os.spawnlpe(os.P_NOWAIT, "/bin/mycmd", "mycmd", "myarg", env)
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==>
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Popen(["/bin/mycmd", "myarg"], env={"PATH": "/usr/bin"})
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"""
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import sys
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_mswindows = (sys.platform == "win32")
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import io
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import os
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import time
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import signal
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import builtins
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import warnings
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import errno
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from time import monotonic as _time
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# Exception classes used by this module.
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class SubprocessError(Exception): pass
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class CalledProcessError(SubprocessError):
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"""This exception is raised when a process run by check_call() or
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check_output() returns a non-zero exit status.
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The exit status will be stored in the returncode attribute;
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check_output() will also store the output in the output attribute.
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"""
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def __init__(self, returncode, cmd, output=None, stderr=None):
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self.returncode = returncode
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self.cmd = cmd
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self.output = output
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self.stderr = stderr
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def __str__(self):
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return "Command '%s' returned non-zero exit status %d" % (self.cmd, self.returncode)
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@property
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def stdout(self):
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"""Alias for output attribute, to match stderr"""
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return self.output
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@stdout.setter
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def stdout(self, value):
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# There's no obvious reason to set this, but allow it anyway so
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# .stdout is a transparent alias for .output
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self.output = value
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class TimeoutExpired(SubprocessError):
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"""This exception is raised when the timeout expires while waiting for a
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child process.
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"""
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def __init__(self, cmd, timeout, output=None, stderr=None):
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self.cmd = cmd
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self.timeout = timeout
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self.output = output
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self.stderr = stderr
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def __str__(self):
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return ("Command '%s' timed out after %s seconds" %
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(self.cmd, self.timeout))
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@property
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def stdout(self):
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return self.output
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@stdout.setter
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def stdout(self, value):
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# There's no obvious reason to set this, but allow it anyway so
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# .stdout is a transparent alias for .output
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self.output = value
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if _mswindows:
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import threading
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import msvcrt
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import _winapi
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class STARTUPINFO:
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dwFlags = 0
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hStdInput = None
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hStdOutput = None
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hStdError = None
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wShowWindow = 0
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else:
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import _posixsubprocess
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import select
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import selectors
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try:
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import threading
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except ImportError:
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import dummy_threading as threading
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# When select or poll has indicated that the file is writable,
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# we can write up to _PIPE_BUF bytes without risk of blocking.
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# POSIX defines PIPE_BUF as >= 512.
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_PIPE_BUF = getattr(select, 'PIPE_BUF', 512)
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# poll/select have the advantage of not requiring any extra file
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# descriptor, contrarily to epoll/kqueue (also, they require a single
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# syscall).
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if hasattr(selectors, 'PollSelector'):
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_PopenSelector = selectors.PollSelector
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else:
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_PopenSelector = selectors.SelectSelector
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__all__ = ["Popen", "PIPE", "STDOUT", "call", "check_call", "getstatusoutput",
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"getoutput", "check_output", "run", "CalledProcessError", "DEVNULL",
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"SubprocessError", "TimeoutExpired", "CompletedProcess"]
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# NOTE: We intentionally exclude list2cmdline as it is
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# considered an internal implementation detail. issue10838.
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if _mswindows:
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from _winapi import (CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE, CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP,
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STD_INPUT_HANDLE, STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE,
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STD_ERROR_HANDLE, SW_HIDE,
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STARTF_USESTDHANDLES, STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW)
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__all__.extend(["CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE", "CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP",
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"STD_INPUT_HANDLE", "STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE",
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"STD_ERROR_HANDLE", "SW_HIDE",
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"STARTF_USESTDHANDLES", "STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW"])
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class Handle(int):
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closed = False
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def Close(self, CloseHandle=_winapi.CloseHandle):
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if not self.closed:
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self.closed = True
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CloseHandle(self)
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def Detach(self):
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if not self.closed:
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self.closed = True
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return int(self)
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raise ValueError("already closed")
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def __repr__(self):
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return "%s(%d)" % (self.__class__.__name__, int(self))
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__del__ = Close
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__str__ = __repr__
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# This lists holds Popen instances for which the underlying process had not
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# exited at the time its __del__ method got called: those processes are wait()ed
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# for synchronously from _cleanup() when a new Popen object is created, to avoid
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# zombie processes.
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_active = []
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def _cleanup():
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for inst in _active[:]:
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res = inst._internal_poll(_deadstate=sys.maxsize)
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if res is not None:
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try:
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_active.remove(inst)
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except ValueError:
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# This can happen if two threads create a new Popen instance.
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# It's harmless that it was already removed, so ignore.
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pass
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PIPE = -1
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STDOUT = -2
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DEVNULL = -3
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# XXX This function is only used by multiprocessing and the test suite,
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# but it's here so that it can be imported when Python is compiled without
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# threads.
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def _args_from_interpreter_flags():
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"""Return a list of command-line arguments reproducing the current
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settings in sys.flags and sys.warnoptions."""
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flag_opt_map = {
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'debug': 'd',
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# 'inspect': 'i',
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# 'interactive': 'i',
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'optimize': 'O',
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'dont_write_bytecode': 'B',
|
|
'no_user_site': 's',
|
|
'no_site': 'S',
|
|
'ignore_environment': 'E',
|
|
'verbose': 'v',
|
|
'bytes_warning': 'b',
|
|
'quiet': 'q',
|
|
}
|
|
args = []
|
|
for flag, opt in flag_opt_map.items():
|
|
v = getattr(sys.flags, flag)
|
|
if v > 0:
|
|
args.append('-' + opt * v)
|
|
for opt in sys.warnoptions:
|
|
args.append('-W' + opt)
|
|
return args
|
|
|
|
|
|
def call(*popenargs, timeout=None, **kwargs):
|
|
"""Run command with arguments. Wait for command to complete or
|
|
timeout, then return the returncode attribute.
|
|
|
|
The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example:
|
|
|
|
retcode = call(["ls", "-l"])
|
|
"""
|
|
with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as p:
|
|
try:
|
|
return p.wait(timeout=timeout)
|
|
except:
|
|
p.kill()
|
|
p.wait()
|
|
raise
|
|
|
|
|
|
def check_call(*popenargs, **kwargs):
|
|
"""Run command with arguments. Wait for command to complete. If
|
|
the exit code was zero then return, otherwise raise
|
|
CalledProcessError. The CalledProcessError object will have the
|
|
return code in the returncode attribute.
|
|
|
|
The arguments are the same as for the call function. Example:
|
|
|
|
check_call(["ls", "-l"])
|
|
"""
|
|
retcode = call(*popenargs, **kwargs)
|
|
if retcode:
|
|
cmd = kwargs.get("args")
|
|
if cmd is None:
|
|
cmd = popenargs[0]
|
|
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
|
|
return 0
|
|
|
|
|
|
def check_output(*popenargs, timeout=None, **kwargs):
|
|
r"""Run command with arguments and return its output.
|
|
|
|
If the exit code was non-zero it raises a CalledProcessError. The
|
|
CalledProcessError object will have the return code in the returncode
|
|
attribute and output in the output attribute.
|
|
|
|
The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example:
|
|
|
|
>>> check_output(["ls", "-l", "/dev/null"])
|
|
b'crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 3 Oct 18 2007 /dev/null\n'
|
|
|
|
The stdout argument is not allowed as it is used internally.
|
|
To capture standard error in the result, use stderr=STDOUT.
|
|
|
|
>>> check_output(["/bin/sh", "-c",
|
|
... "ls -l non_existent_file ; exit 0"],
|
|
... stderr=STDOUT)
|
|
b'ls: non_existent_file: No such file or directory\n'
|
|
|
|
There is an additional optional argument, "input", allowing you to
|
|
pass a string to the subprocess's stdin. If you use this argument
|
|
you may not also use the Popen constructor's "stdin" argument, as
|
|
it too will be used internally. Example:
|
|
|
|
>>> check_output(["sed", "-e", "s/foo/bar/"],
|
|
... input=b"when in the course of fooman events\n")
|
|
b'when in the course of barman events\n'
|
|
|
|
If universal_newlines=True is passed, the "input" argument must be a
|
|
string and the return value will be a string rather than bytes.
|
|
"""
|
|
if 'stdout' in kwargs:
|
|
raise ValueError('stdout argument not allowed, it will be overridden.')
|
|
|
|
if 'input' in kwargs and kwargs['input'] is None:
|
|
# Explicitly passing input=None was previously equivalent to passing an
|
|
# empty string. That is maintained here for backwards compatibility.
|
|
kwargs['input'] = '' if kwargs.get('universal_newlines', False) else b''
|
|
|
|
return run(*popenargs, stdout=PIPE, timeout=timeout, check=True,
|
|
**kwargs).stdout
|
|
|
|
|
|
class CompletedProcess(object):
|
|
"""A process that has finished running.
|
|
|
|
This is returned by run().
|
|
|
|
Attributes:
|
|
args: The list or str args passed to run().
|
|
returncode: The exit code of the process, negative for signals.
|
|
stdout: The standard output (None if not captured).
|
|
stderr: The standard error (None if not captured).
|
|
"""
|
|
def __init__(self, args, returncode, stdout=None, stderr=None):
|
|
self.args = args
|
|
self.returncode = returncode
|
|
self.stdout = stdout
|
|
self.stderr = stderr
|
|
|
|
def __repr__(self):
|
|
args = ['args={!r}'.format(self.args),
|
|
'returncode={!r}'.format(self.returncode)]
|
|
if self.stdout is not None:
|
|
args.append('stdout={!r}'.format(self.stdout))
|
|
if self.stderr is not None:
|
|
args.append('stderr={!r}'.format(self.stderr))
|
|
return "{}({})".format(type(self).__name__, ', '.join(args))
|
|
|
|
def check_returncode(self):
|
|
"""Raise CalledProcessError if the exit code is non-zero."""
|
|
if self.returncode:
|
|
raise CalledProcessError(self.returncode, self.args, self.stdout,
|
|
self.stderr)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def run(*popenargs, input=None, timeout=None, check=False, **kwargs):
|
|
"""Run command with arguments and return a CompletedProcess instance.
|
|
|
|
The returned instance will have attributes args, returncode, stdout and
|
|
stderr. By default, stdout and stderr are not captured, and those attributes
|
|
will be None. Pass stdout=PIPE and/or stderr=PIPE in order to capture them.
|
|
|
|
If check is True and the exit code was non-zero, it raises a
|
|
CalledProcessError. The CalledProcessError object will have the return code
|
|
in the returncode attribute, and output & stderr attributes if those streams
|
|
were captured.
|
|
|
|
If timeout is given, and the process takes too long, a TimeoutExpired
|
|
exception will be raised.
|
|
|
|
There is an optional argument "input", allowing you to
|
|
pass a string to the subprocess's stdin. If you use this argument
|
|
you may not also use the Popen constructor's "stdin" argument, as
|
|
it will be used internally.
|
|
|
|
The other arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor.
|
|
|
|
If universal_newlines=True is passed, the "input" argument must be a
|
|
string and stdout/stderr in the returned object will be strings rather than
|
|
bytes.
|
|
"""
|
|
if input is not None:
|
|
if 'stdin' in kwargs:
|
|
raise ValueError('stdin and input arguments may not both be used.')
|
|
kwargs['stdin'] = PIPE
|
|
|
|
with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process:
|
|
try:
|
|
stdout, stderr = process.communicate(input, timeout=timeout)
|
|
except TimeoutExpired:
|
|
process.kill()
|
|
stdout, stderr = process.communicate()
|
|
raise TimeoutExpired(process.args, timeout, output=stdout,
|
|
stderr=stderr)
|
|
except:
|
|
process.kill()
|
|
process.wait()
|
|
raise
|
|
retcode = process.poll()
|
|
if check and retcode:
|
|
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, process.args,
|
|
output=stdout, stderr=stderr)
|
|
return CompletedProcess(process.args, retcode, stdout, stderr)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def list2cmdline(seq):
|
|
"""
|
|
Translate a sequence of arguments into a command line
|
|
string, using the same rules as the MS C runtime:
|
|
|
|
1) Arguments are delimited by white space, which is either a
|
|
space or a tab.
|
|
|
|
2) A string surrounded by double quotation marks is
|
|
interpreted as a single argument, regardless of white space
|
|
contained within. A quoted string can be embedded in an
|
|
argument.
|
|
|
|
3) A double quotation mark preceded by a backslash is
|
|
interpreted as a literal double quotation mark.
|
|
|
|
4) Backslashes are interpreted literally, unless they
|
|
immediately precede a double quotation mark.
|
|
|
|
5) If backslashes immediately precede a double quotation mark,
|
|
every pair of backslashes is interpreted as a literal
|
|
backslash. If the number of backslashes is odd, the last
|
|
backslash escapes the next double quotation mark as
|
|
described in rule 3.
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
# See
|
|
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft.aspx
|
|
# or search http://msdn.microsoft.com for
|
|
# "Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments"
|
|
result = []
|
|
needquote = False
|
|
for arg in seq:
|
|
bs_buf = []
|
|
|
|
# Add a space to separate this argument from the others
|
|
if result:
|
|
result.append(' ')
|
|
|
|
needquote = (" " in arg) or ("\t" in arg) or not arg
|
|
if needquote:
|
|
result.append('"')
|
|
|
|
for c in arg:
|
|
if c == '\\':
|
|
# Don't know if we need to double yet.
|
|
bs_buf.append(c)
|
|
elif c == '"':
|
|
# Double backslashes.
|
|
result.append('\\' * len(bs_buf)*2)
|
|
bs_buf = []
|
|
result.append('\\"')
|
|
else:
|
|
# Normal char
|
|
if bs_buf:
|
|
result.extend(bs_buf)
|
|
bs_buf = []
|
|
result.append(c)
|
|
|
|
# Add remaining backslashes, if any.
|
|
if bs_buf:
|
|
result.extend(bs_buf)
|
|
|
|
if needquote:
|
|
result.extend(bs_buf)
|
|
result.append('"')
|
|
|
|
return ''.join(result)
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Various tools for executing commands and looking at their output and status.
|
|
#
|
|
|
|
def getstatusoutput(cmd):
|
|
""" Return (status, output) of executing cmd in a shell.
|
|
|
|
Execute the string 'cmd' in a shell with 'check_output' and
|
|
return a 2-tuple (status, output). Universal newlines mode is used,
|
|
meaning that the result with be decoded to a string.
|
|
|
|
A trailing newline is stripped from the output.
|
|
The exit status for the command can be interpreted
|
|
according to the rules for the function 'wait'. Example:
|
|
|
|
>>> import subprocess
|
|
>>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('ls /bin/ls')
|
|
(0, '/bin/ls')
|
|
>>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('cat /bin/junk')
|
|
(256, 'cat: /bin/junk: No such file or directory')
|
|
>>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('/bin/junk')
|
|
(256, 'sh: /bin/junk: not found')
|
|
"""
|
|
try:
|
|
data = check_output(cmd, shell=True, universal_newlines=True, stderr=STDOUT)
|
|
status = 0
|
|
except CalledProcessError as ex:
|
|
data = ex.output
|
|
status = ex.returncode
|
|
if data[-1:] == '\n':
|
|
data = data[:-1]
|
|
return status, data
|
|
|
|
def getoutput(cmd):
|
|
"""Return output (stdout or stderr) of executing cmd in a shell.
|
|
|
|
Like getstatusoutput(), except the exit status is ignored and the return
|
|
value is a string containing the command's output. Example:
|
|
|
|
>>> import subprocess
|
|
>>> subprocess.getoutput('ls /bin/ls')
|
|
'/bin/ls'
|
|
"""
|
|
return getstatusoutput(cmd)[1]
|
|
|
|
|
|
_PLATFORM_DEFAULT_CLOSE_FDS = object()
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Popen(object):
|
|
|
|
_child_created = False # Set here since __del__ checks it
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, args, bufsize=-1, executable=None,
|
|
stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None,
|
|
preexec_fn=None, close_fds=_PLATFORM_DEFAULT_CLOSE_FDS,
|
|
shell=False, cwd=None, env=None, universal_newlines=False,
|
|
startupinfo=None, creationflags=0,
|
|
restore_signals=True, start_new_session=False,
|
|
pass_fds=()):
|
|
"""Create new Popen instance."""
|
|
_cleanup()
|
|
# Held while anything is calling waitpid before returncode has been
|
|
# updated to prevent clobbering returncode if wait() or poll() are
|
|
# called from multiple threads at once. After acquiring the lock,
|
|
# code must re-check self.returncode to see if another thread just
|
|
# finished a waitpid() call.
|
|
self._waitpid_lock = threading.Lock()
|
|
|
|
self._input = None
|
|
self._communication_started = False
|
|
if bufsize is None:
|
|
bufsize = -1 # Restore default
|
|
if not isinstance(bufsize, int):
|
|
raise TypeError("bufsize must be an integer")
|
|
|
|
if _mswindows:
|
|
if preexec_fn is not None:
|
|
raise ValueError("preexec_fn is not supported on Windows "
|
|
"platforms")
|
|
any_stdio_set = (stdin is not None or stdout is not None or
|
|
stderr is not None)
|
|
if close_fds is _PLATFORM_DEFAULT_CLOSE_FDS:
|
|
if any_stdio_set:
|
|
close_fds = False
|
|
else:
|
|
close_fds = True
|
|
elif close_fds and any_stdio_set:
|
|
raise ValueError(
|
|
"close_fds is not supported on Windows platforms"
|
|
" if you redirect stdin/stdout/stderr")
|
|
else:
|
|
# POSIX
|
|
if close_fds is _PLATFORM_DEFAULT_CLOSE_FDS:
|
|
close_fds = True
|
|
if pass_fds and not close_fds:
|
|
warnings.warn("pass_fds overriding close_fds.", RuntimeWarning)
|
|
close_fds = True
|
|
if startupinfo is not None:
|
|
raise ValueError("startupinfo is only supported on Windows "
|
|
"platforms")
|
|
if creationflags != 0:
|
|
raise ValueError("creationflags is only supported on Windows "
|
|
"platforms")
|
|
|
|
self.args = args
|
|
self.stdin = None
|
|
self.stdout = None
|
|
self.stderr = None
|
|
self.pid = None
|
|
self.returncode = None
|
|
self.universal_newlines = universal_newlines
|
|
|
|
# Input and output objects. The general principle is like
|
|
# this:
|
|
#
|
|
# Parent Child
|
|
# ------ -----
|
|
# p2cwrite ---stdin---> p2cread
|
|
# c2pread <--stdout--- c2pwrite
|
|
# errread <--stderr--- errwrite
|
|
#
|
|
# On POSIX, the child objects are file descriptors. On
|
|
# Windows, these are Windows file handles. The parent objects
|
|
# are file descriptors on both platforms. The parent objects
|
|
# are -1 when not using PIPEs. The child objects are -1
|
|
# when not redirecting.
|
|
|
|
(p2cread, p2cwrite,
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite,
|
|
errread, errwrite) = self._get_handles(stdin, stdout, stderr)
|
|
|
|
# We wrap OS handles *before* launching the child, otherwise a
|
|
# quickly terminating child could make our fds unwrappable
|
|
# (see #8458).
|
|
|
|
if _mswindows:
|
|
if p2cwrite != -1:
|
|
p2cwrite = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(p2cwrite.Detach(), 0)
|
|
if c2pread != -1:
|
|
c2pread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(c2pread.Detach(), 0)
|
|
if errread != -1:
|
|
errread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(errread.Detach(), 0)
|
|
|
|
if p2cwrite != -1:
|
|
self.stdin = io.open(p2cwrite, 'wb', bufsize)
|
|
if universal_newlines:
|
|
self.stdin = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stdin, write_through=True,
|
|
line_buffering=(bufsize == 1))
|
|
if c2pread != -1:
|
|
self.stdout = io.open(c2pread, 'rb', bufsize)
|
|
if universal_newlines:
|
|
self.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stdout)
|
|
if errread != -1:
|
|
self.stderr = io.open(errread, 'rb', bufsize)
|
|
if universal_newlines:
|
|
self.stderr = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stderr)
|
|
|
|
self._closed_child_pipe_fds = False
|
|
try:
|
|
self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
|
|
pass_fds, cwd, env,
|
|
startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite,
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite,
|
|
errread, errwrite,
|
|
restore_signals, start_new_session)
|
|
except:
|
|
# Cleanup if the child failed starting.
|
|
for f in filter(None, (self.stdin, self.stdout, self.stderr)):
|
|
try:
|
|
f.close()
|
|
except OSError:
|
|
pass # Ignore EBADF or other errors.
|
|
|
|
if not self._closed_child_pipe_fds:
|
|
to_close = []
|
|
if stdin == PIPE:
|
|
to_close.append(p2cread)
|
|
if stdout == PIPE:
|
|
to_close.append(c2pwrite)
|
|
if stderr == PIPE:
|
|
to_close.append(errwrite)
|
|
if hasattr(self, '_devnull'):
|
|
to_close.append(self._devnull)
|
|
for fd in to_close:
|
|
try:
|
|
os.close(fd)
|
|
except OSError:
|
|
pass
|
|
|
|
raise
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _translate_newlines(self, data, encoding):
|
|
data = data.decode(encoding)
|
|
return data.replace("\r\n", "\n").replace("\r", "\n")
|
|
|
|
def __enter__(self):
|
|
return self
|
|
|
|
def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
|
|
if self.stdout:
|
|
self.stdout.close()
|
|
if self.stderr:
|
|
self.stderr.close()
|
|
try: # Flushing a BufferedWriter may raise an error
|
|
if self.stdin:
|
|
self.stdin.close()
|
|
finally:
|
|
# Wait for the process to terminate, to avoid zombies.
|
|
self.wait()
|
|
|
|
def __del__(self, _maxsize=sys.maxsize):
|
|
if not self._child_created:
|
|
# We didn't get to successfully create a child process.
|
|
return
|
|
# In case the child hasn't been waited on, check if it's done.
|
|
self._internal_poll(_deadstate=_maxsize)
|
|
if self.returncode is None and _active is not None:
|
|
# Child is still running, keep us alive until we can wait on it.
|
|
_active.append(self)
|
|
|
|
def _get_devnull(self):
|
|
if not hasattr(self, '_devnull'):
|
|
self._devnull = os.open(os.devnull, os.O_RDWR)
|
|
return self._devnull
|
|
|
|
def _stdin_write(self, input):
|
|
if input:
|
|
try:
|
|
self.stdin.write(input)
|
|
except BrokenPipeError:
|
|
# communicate() must ignore broken pipe error
|
|
pass
|
|
except OSError as e:
|
|
if e.errno == errno.EINVAL and self.poll() is not None:
|
|
# Issue #19612: On Windows, stdin.write() fails with EINVAL
|
|
# if the process already exited before the write
|
|
pass
|
|
else:
|
|
raise
|
|
self.stdin.close()
|
|
|
|
def communicate(self, input=None, timeout=None):
|
|
"""Interact with process: Send data to stdin. Read data from
|
|
stdout and stderr, until end-of-file is reached. Wait for
|
|
process to terminate.
|
|
|
|
The optional "input" argument should be data to be sent to the
|
|
child process (if self.universal_newlines is True, this should
|
|
be a string; if it is False, "input" should be bytes), or
|
|
None, if no data should be sent to the child.
|
|
|
|
communicate() returns a tuple (stdout, stderr). These will be
|
|
bytes or, if self.universal_newlines was True, a string.
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
if self._communication_started and input:
|
|
raise ValueError("Cannot send input after starting communication")
|
|
|
|
# Optimization: If we are not worried about timeouts, we haven't
|
|
# started communicating, and we have one or zero pipes, using select()
|
|
# or threads is unnecessary.
|
|
if (timeout is None and not self._communication_started and
|
|
[self.stdin, self.stdout, self.stderr].count(None) >= 2):
|
|
stdout = None
|
|
stderr = None
|
|
if self.stdin:
|
|
self._stdin_write(input)
|
|
elif self.stdout:
|
|
stdout = self.stdout.read()
|
|
self.stdout.close()
|
|
elif self.stderr:
|
|
stderr = self.stderr.read()
|
|
self.stderr.close()
|
|
self.wait()
|
|
else:
|
|
if timeout is not None:
|
|
endtime = _time() + timeout
|
|
else:
|
|
endtime = None
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
stdout, stderr = self._communicate(input, endtime, timeout)
|
|
finally:
|
|
self._communication_started = True
|
|
|
|
sts = self.wait(timeout=self._remaining_time(endtime))
|
|
|
|
return (stdout, stderr)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def poll(self):
|
|
return self._internal_poll()
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _remaining_time(self, endtime):
|
|
"""Convenience for _communicate when computing timeouts."""
|
|
if endtime is None:
|
|
return None
|
|
else:
|
|
return endtime - _time()
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _check_timeout(self, endtime, orig_timeout):
|
|
"""Convenience for checking if a timeout has expired."""
|
|
if endtime is None:
|
|
return
|
|
if _time() > endtime:
|
|
raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, orig_timeout)
|
|
|
|
|
|
if _mswindows:
|
|
#
|
|
# Windows methods
|
|
#
|
|
def _get_handles(self, stdin, stdout, stderr):
|
|
"""Construct and return tuple with IO objects:
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite
|
|
"""
|
|
if stdin is None and stdout is None and stderr is None:
|
|
return (-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1)
|
|
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite = -1, -1
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite = -1, -1
|
|
errread, errwrite = -1, -1
|
|
|
|
if stdin is None:
|
|
p2cread = _winapi.GetStdHandle(_winapi.STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
|
|
if p2cread is None:
|
|
p2cread, _ = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0)
|
|
p2cread = Handle(p2cread)
|
|
_winapi.CloseHandle(_)
|
|
elif stdin == PIPE:
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0)
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite = Handle(p2cread), Handle(p2cwrite)
|
|
elif stdin == DEVNULL:
|
|
p2cread = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(self._get_devnull())
|
|
elif isinstance(stdin, int):
|
|
p2cread = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdin)
|
|
else:
|
|
# Assuming file-like object
|
|
p2cread = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdin.fileno())
|
|
p2cread = self._make_inheritable(p2cread)
|
|
|
|
if stdout is None:
|
|
c2pwrite = _winapi.GetStdHandle(_winapi.STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
|
|
if c2pwrite is None:
|
|
_, c2pwrite = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0)
|
|
c2pwrite = Handle(c2pwrite)
|
|
_winapi.CloseHandle(_)
|
|
elif stdout == PIPE:
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0)
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite = Handle(c2pread), Handle(c2pwrite)
|
|
elif stdout == DEVNULL:
|
|
c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(self._get_devnull())
|
|
elif isinstance(stdout, int):
|
|
c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdout)
|
|
else:
|
|
# Assuming file-like object
|
|
c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdout.fileno())
|
|
c2pwrite = self._make_inheritable(c2pwrite)
|
|
|
|
if stderr is None:
|
|
errwrite = _winapi.GetStdHandle(_winapi.STD_ERROR_HANDLE)
|
|
if errwrite is None:
|
|
_, errwrite = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0)
|
|
errwrite = Handle(errwrite)
|
|
_winapi.CloseHandle(_)
|
|
elif stderr == PIPE:
|
|
errread, errwrite = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0)
|
|
errread, errwrite = Handle(errread), Handle(errwrite)
|
|
elif stderr == STDOUT:
|
|
errwrite = c2pwrite
|
|
elif stderr == DEVNULL:
|
|
errwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(self._get_devnull())
|
|
elif isinstance(stderr, int):
|
|
errwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stderr)
|
|
else:
|
|
# Assuming file-like object
|
|
errwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stderr.fileno())
|
|
errwrite = self._make_inheritable(errwrite)
|
|
|
|
return (p2cread, p2cwrite,
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite,
|
|
errread, errwrite)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _make_inheritable(self, handle):
|
|
"""Return a duplicate of handle, which is inheritable"""
|
|
h = _winapi.DuplicateHandle(
|
|
_winapi.GetCurrentProcess(), handle,
|
|
_winapi.GetCurrentProcess(), 0, 1,
|
|
_winapi.DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)
|
|
return Handle(h)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
|
|
pass_fds, cwd, env,
|
|
startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite,
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite,
|
|
errread, errwrite,
|
|
unused_restore_signals, unused_start_new_session):
|
|
"""Execute program (MS Windows version)"""
|
|
|
|
assert not pass_fds, "pass_fds not supported on Windows."
|
|
|
|
if not isinstance(args, str):
|
|
args = list2cmdline(args)
|
|
|
|
# Process startup details
|
|
if startupinfo is None:
|
|
startupinfo = STARTUPINFO()
|
|
if -1 not in (p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite):
|
|
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESTDHANDLES
|
|
startupinfo.hStdInput = p2cread
|
|
startupinfo.hStdOutput = c2pwrite
|
|
startupinfo.hStdError = errwrite
|
|
|
|
if shell:
|
|
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
|
|
startupinfo.wShowWindow = _winapi.SW_HIDE
|
|
comspec = os.environ.get("COMSPEC", "cmd.exe")
|
|
args = '{} /c "{}"'.format (comspec, args)
|
|
|
|
# Start the process
|
|
try:
|
|
hp, ht, pid, tid = _winapi.CreateProcess(executable, args,
|
|
# no special security
|
|
None, None,
|
|
int(not close_fds),
|
|
creationflags,
|
|
env,
|
|
cwd,
|
|
startupinfo)
|
|
finally:
|
|
# Child is launched. Close the parent's copy of those pipe
|
|
# handles that only the child should have open. You need
|
|
# to make sure that no handles to the write end of the
|
|
# output pipe are maintained in this process or else the
|
|
# pipe will not close when the child process exits and the
|
|
# ReadFile will hang.
|
|
if p2cread != -1:
|
|
p2cread.Close()
|
|
if c2pwrite != -1:
|
|
c2pwrite.Close()
|
|
if errwrite != -1:
|
|
errwrite.Close()
|
|
if hasattr(self, '_devnull'):
|
|
os.close(self._devnull)
|
|
|
|
# Retain the process handle, but close the thread handle
|
|
self._child_created = True
|
|
self._handle = Handle(hp)
|
|
self.pid = pid
|
|
_winapi.CloseHandle(ht)
|
|
|
|
def _internal_poll(self, _deadstate=None,
|
|
_WaitForSingleObject=_winapi.WaitForSingleObject,
|
|
_WAIT_OBJECT_0=_winapi.WAIT_OBJECT_0,
|
|
_GetExitCodeProcess=_winapi.GetExitCodeProcess):
|
|
"""Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncode
|
|
attribute.
|
|
|
|
This method is called by __del__, so it can only refer to objects
|
|
in its local scope.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
if self.returncode is None:
|
|
if _WaitForSingleObject(self._handle, 0) == _WAIT_OBJECT_0:
|
|
self.returncode = _GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle)
|
|
return self.returncode
|
|
|
|
|
|
def wait(self, timeout=None, endtime=None):
|
|
"""Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode
|
|
attribute."""
|
|
if endtime is not None:
|
|
timeout = self._remaining_time(endtime)
|
|
if timeout is None:
|
|
timeout_millis = _winapi.INFINITE
|
|
else:
|
|
timeout_millis = int(timeout * 1000)
|
|
if self.returncode is None:
|
|
result = _winapi.WaitForSingleObject(self._handle,
|
|
timeout_millis)
|
|
if result == _winapi.WAIT_TIMEOUT:
|
|
raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, timeout)
|
|
self.returncode = _winapi.GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle)
|
|
return self.returncode
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _readerthread(self, fh, buffer):
|
|
buffer.append(fh.read())
|
|
fh.close()
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _communicate(self, input, endtime, orig_timeout):
|
|
# Start reader threads feeding into a list hanging off of this
|
|
# object, unless they've already been started.
|
|
if self.stdout and not hasattr(self, "_stdout_buff"):
|
|
self._stdout_buff = []
|
|
self.stdout_thread = \
|
|
threading.Thread(target=self._readerthread,
|
|
args=(self.stdout, self._stdout_buff))
|
|
self.stdout_thread.daemon = True
|
|
self.stdout_thread.start()
|
|
if self.stderr and not hasattr(self, "_stderr_buff"):
|
|
self._stderr_buff = []
|
|
self.stderr_thread = \
|
|
threading.Thread(target=self._readerthread,
|
|
args=(self.stderr, self._stderr_buff))
|
|
self.stderr_thread.daemon = True
|
|
self.stderr_thread.start()
|
|
|
|
if self.stdin:
|
|
self._stdin_write(input)
|
|
|
|
# Wait for the reader threads, or time out. If we time out, the
|
|
# threads remain reading and the fds left open in case the user
|
|
# calls communicate again.
|
|
if self.stdout is not None:
|
|
self.stdout_thread.join(self._remaining_time(endtime))
|
|
if self.stdout_thread.is_alive():
|
|
raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, orig_timeout)
|
|
if self.stderr is not None:
|
|
self.stderr_thread.join(self._remaining_time(endtime))
|
|
if self.stderr_thread.is_alive():
|
|
raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, orig_timeout)
|
|
|
|
# Collect the output from and close both pipes, now that we know
|
|
# both have been read successfully.
|
|
stdout = None
|
|
stderr = None
|
|
if self.stdout:
|
|
stdout = self._stdout_buff
|
|
self.stdout.close()
|
|
if self.stderr:
|
|
stderr = self._stderr_buff
|
|
self.stderr.close()
|
|
|
|
# All data exchanged. Translate lists into strings.
|
|
if stdout is not None:
|
|
stdout = stdout[0]
|
|
if stderr is not None:
|
|
stderr = stderr[0]
|
|
|
|
return (stdout, stderr)
|
|
|
|
def send_signal(self, sig):
|
|
"""Send a signal to the process."""
|
|
# Don't signal a process that we know has already died.
|
|
if self.returncode is not None:
|
|
return
|
|
if sig == signal.SIGTERM:
|
|
self.terminate()
|
|
elif sig == signal.CTRL_C_EVENT:
|
|
os.kill(self.pid, signal.CTRL_C_EVENT)
|
|
elif sig == signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT:
|
|
os.kill(self.pid, signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT)
|
|
else:
|
|
raise ValueError("Unsupported signal: {}".format(sig))
|
|
|
|
def terminate(self):
|
|
"""Terminates the process."""
|
|
# Don't terminate a process that we know has already died.
|
|
if self.returncode is not None:
|
|
return
|
|
try:
|
|
_winapi.TerminateProcess(self._handle, 1)
|
|
except PermissionError:
|
|
# ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED (winerror 5) is received when the
|
|
# process already died.
|
|
rc = _winapi.GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle)
|
|
if rc == _winapi.STILL_ACTIVE:
|
|
raise
|
|
self.returncode = rc
|
|
|
|
kill = terminate
|
|
|
|
else:
|
|
#
|
|
# POSIX methods
|
|
#
|
|
def _get_handles(self, stdin, stdout, stderr):
|
|
"""Construct and return tuple with IO objects:
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite
|
|
"""
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite = -1, -1
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite = -1, -1
|
|
errread, errwrite = -1, -1
|
|
|
|
if stdin is None:
|
|
pass
|
|
elif stdin == PIPE:
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite = os.pipe()
|
|
elif stdin == DEVNULL:
|
|
p2cread = self._get_devnull()
|
|
elif isinstance(stdin, int):
|
|
p2cread = stdin
|
|
else:
|
|
# Assuming file-like object
|
|
p2cread = stdin.fileno()
|
|
|
|
if stdout is None:
|
|
pass
|
|
elif stdout == PIPE:
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite = os.pipe()
|
|
elif stdout == DEVNULL:
|
|
c2pwrite = self._get_devnull()
|
|
elif isinstance(stdout, int):
|
|
c2pwrite = stdout
|
|
else:
|
|
# Assuming file-like object
|
|
c2pwrite = stdout.fileno()
|
|
|
|
if stderr is None:
|
|
pass
|
|
elif stderr == PIPE:
|
|
errread, errwrite = os.pipe()
|
|
elif stderr == STDOUT:
|
|
if c2pwrite != -1:
|
|
errwrite = c2pwrite
|
|
else: # child's stdout is not set, use parent's stdout
|
|
errwrite = sys.__stdout__.fileno()
|
|
elif stderr == DEVNULL:
|
|
errwrite = self._get_devnull()
|
|
elif isinstance(stderr, int):
|
|
errwrite = stderr
|
|
else:
|
|
# Assuming file-like object
|
|
errwrite = stderr.fileno()
|
|
|
|
return (p2cread, p2cwrite,
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite,
|
|
errread, errwrite)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
|
|
pass_fds, cwd, env,
|
|
startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite,
|
|
c2pread, c2pwrite,
|
|
errread, errwrite,
|
|
restore_signals, start_new_session):
|
|
"""Execute program (POSIX version)"""
|
|
|
|
if isinstance(args, (str, bytes)):
|
|
args = [args]
|
|
else:
|
|
args = list(args)
|
|
|
|
if shell:
|
|
args = ["/bin/sh", "-c"] + args
|
|
if executable:
|
|
args[0] = executable
|
|
|
|
if executable is None:
|
|
executable = args[0]
|
|
orig_executable = executable
|
|
|
|
# For transferring possible exec failure from child to parent.
|
|
# Data format: "exception name:hex errno:description"
|
|
# Pickle is not used; it is complex and involves memory allocation.
|
|
errpipe_read, errpipe_write = os.pipe()
|
|
# errpipe_write must not be in the standard io 0, 1, or 2 fd range.
|
|
low_fds_to_close = []
|
|
while errpipe_write < 3:
|
|
low_fds_to_close.append(errpipe_write)
|
|
errpipe_write = os.dup(errpipe_write)
|
|
for low_fd in low_fds_to_close:
|
|
os.close(low_fd)
|
|
try:
|
|
try:
|
|
# We must avoid complex work that could involve
|
|
# malloc or free in the child process to avoid
|
|
# potential deadlocks, thus we do all this here.
|
|
# and pass it to fork_exec()
|
|
|
|
if env is not None:
|
|
env_list = [os.fsencode(k) + b'=' + os.fsencode(v)
|
|
for k, v in env.items()]
|
|
else:
|
|
env_list = None # Use execv instead of execve.
|
|
executable = os.fsencode(executable)
|
|
if os.path.dirname(executable):
|
|
executable_list = (executable,)
|
|
else:
|
|
# This matches the behavior of os._execvpe().
|
|
executable_list = tuple(
|
|
os.path.join(os.fsencode(dir), executable)
|
|
for dir in os.get_exec_path(env))
|
|
fds_to_keep = set(pass_fds)
|
|
fds_to_keep.add(errpipe_write)
|
|
self.pid = _posixsubprocess.fork_exec(
|
|
args, executable_list,
|
|
close_fds, sorted(fds_to_keep), cwd, env_list,
|
|
p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite,
|
|
errread, errwrite,
|
|
errpipe_read, errpipe_write,
|
|
restore_signals, start_new_session, preexec_fn)
|
|
self._child_created = True
|
|
finally:
|
|
# be sure the FD is closed no matter what
|
|
os.close(errpipe_write)
|
|
|
|
# self._devnull is not always defined.
|
|
devnull_fd = getattr(self, '_devnull', None)
|
|
if p2cread != -1 and p2cwrite != -1 and p2cread != devnull_fd:
|
|
os.close(p2cread)
|
|
if c2pwrite != -1 and c2pread != -1 and c2pwrite != devnull_fd:
|
|
os.close(c2pwrite)
|
|
if errwrite != -1 and errread != -1 and errwrite != devnull_fd:
|
|
os.close(errwrite)
|
|
if devnull_fd is not None:
|
|
os.close(devnull_fd)
|
|
# Prevent a double close of these fds from __init__ on error.
|
|
self._closed_child_pipe_fds = True
|
|
|
|
# Wait for exec to fail or succeed; possibly raising an
|
|
# exception (limited in size)
|
|
errpipe_data = bytearray()
|
|
while True:
|
|
part = os.read(errpipe_read, 50000)
|
|
errpipe_data += part
|
|
if not part or len(errpipe_data) > 50000:
|
|
break
|
|
finally:
|
|
# be sure the FD is closed no matter what
|
|
os.close(errpipe_read)
|
|
|
|
if errpipe_data:
|
|
try:
|
|
os.waitpid(self.pid, 0)
|
|
except ChildProcessError:
|
|
pass
|
|
try:
|
|
exception_name, hex_errno, err_msg = (
|
|
errpipe_data.split(b':', 2))
|
|
except ValueError:
|
|
exception_name = b'SubprocessError'
|
|
hex_errno = b'0'
|
|
err_msg = (b'Bad exception data from child: ' +
|
|
repr(errpipe_data))
|
|
child_exception_type = getattr(
|
|
builtins, exception_name.decode('ascii'),
|
|
SubprocessError)
|
|
err_msg = err_msg.decode(errors="surrogatepass")
|
|
if issubclass(child_exception_type, OSError) and hex_errno:
|
|
errno_num = int(hex_errno, 16)
|
|
child_exec_never_called = (err_msg == "noexec")
|
|
if child_exec_never_called:
|
|
err_msg = ""
|
|
if errno_num != 0:
|
|
err_msg = os.strerror(errno_num)
|
|
if errno_num == errno.ENOENT:
|
|
if child_exec_never_called:
|
|
# The error must be from chdir(cwd).
|
|
err_msg += ': ' + repr(cwd)
|
|
else:
|
|
err_msg += ': ' + repr(orig_executable)
|
|
raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg)
|
|
raise child_exception_type(err_msg)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _handle_exitstatus(self, sts, _WIFSIGNALED=os.WIFSIGNALED,
|
|
_WTERMSIG=os.WTERMSIG, _WIFEXITED=os.WIFEXITED,
|
|
_WEXITSTATUS=os.WEXITSTATUS):
|
|
"""All callers to this function MUST hold self._waitpid_lock."""
|
|
# This method is called (indirectly) by __del__, so it cannot
|
|
# refer to anything outside of its local scope.
|
|
if _WIFSIGNALED(sts):
|
|
self.returncode = -_WTERMSIG(sts)
|
|
elif _WIFEXITED(sts):
|
|
self.returncode = _WEXITSTATUS(sts)
|
|
else:
|
|
# Should never happen
|
|
raise SubprocessError("Unknown child exit status!")
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _internal_poll(self, _deadstate=None, _waitpid=os.waitpid,
|
|
_WNOHANG=os.WNOHANG, _ECHILD=errno.ECHILD):
|
|
"""Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncode
|
|
attribute.
|
|
|
|
This method is called by __del__, so it cannot reference anything
|
|
outside of the local scope (nor can any methods it calls).
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
if self.returncode is None:
|
|
if not self._waitpid_lock.acquire(False):
|
|
# Something else is busy calling waitpid. Don't allow two
|
|
# at once. We know nothing yet.
|
|
return None
|
|
try:
|
|
if self.returncode is not None:
|
|
return self.returncode # Another thread waited.
|
|
pid, sts = _waitpid(self.pid, _WNOHANG)
|
|
if pid == self.pid:
|
|
self._handle_exitstatus(sts)
|
|
except OSError as e:
|
|
if _deadstate is not None:
|
|
self.returncode = _deadstate
|
|
elif e.errno == _ECHILD:
|
|
# This happens if SIGCLD is set to be ignored or
|
|
# waiting for child processes has otherwise been
|
|
# disabled for our process. This child is dead, we
|
|
# can't get the status.
|
|
# http://bugs.python.org/issue15756
|
|
self.returncode = 0
|
|
finally:
|
|
self._waitpid_lock.release()
|
|
return self.returncode
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _try_wait(self, wait_flags):
|
|
"""All callers to this function MUST hold self._waitpid_lock."""
|
|
try:
|
|
(pid, sts) = os.waitpid(self.pid, wait_flags)
|
|
except ChildProcessError:
|
|
# This happens if SIGCLD is set to be ignored or waiting
|
|
# for child processes has otherwise been disabled for our
|
|
# process. This child is dead, we can't get the status.
|
|
pid = self.pid
|
|
sts = 0
|
|
return (pid, sts)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def wait(self, timeout=None, endtime=None):
|
|
"""Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode
|
|
attribute."""
|
|
if self.returncode is not None:
|
|
return self.returncode
|
|
|
|
# endtime is preferred to timeout. timeout is only used for
|
|
# printing.
|
|
if endtime is not None or timeout is not None:
|
|
if endtime is None:
|
|
endtime = _time() + timeout
|
|
elif timeout is None:
|
|
timeout = self._remaining_time(endtime)
|
|
|
|
if endtime is not None:
|
|
# Enter a busy loop if we have a timeout. This busy loop was
|
|
# cribbed from Lib/threading.py in Thread.wait() at r71065.
|
|
delay = 0.0005 # 500 us -> initial delay of 1 ms
|
|
while True:
|
|
if self._waitpid_lock.acquire(False):
|
|
try:
|
|
if self.returncode is not None:
|
|
break # Another thread waited.
|
|
(pid, sts) = self._try_wait(os.WNOHANG)
|
|
assert pid == self.pid or pid == 0
|
|
if pid == self.pid:
|
|
self._handle_exitstatus(sts)
|
|
break
|
|
finally:
|
|
self._waitpid_lock.release()
|
|
remaining = self._remaining_time(endtime)
|
|
if remaining <= 0:
|
|
raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, timeout)
|
|
delay = min(delay * 2, remaining, .05)
|
|
time.sleep(delay)
|
|
else:
|
|
while self.returncode is None:
|
|
with self._waitpid_lock:
|
|
if self.returncode is not None:
|
|
break # Another thread waited.
|
|
(pid, sts) = self._try_wait(0)
|
|
# Check the pid and loop as waitpid has been known to
|
|
# return 0 even without WNOHANG in odd situations.
|
|
# http://bugs.python.org/issue14396.
|
|
if pid == self.pid:
|
|
self._handle_exitstatus(sts)
|
|
return self.returncode
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _communicate(self, input, endtime, orig_timeout):
|
|
if self.stdin and not self._communication_started:
|
|
# Flush stdio buffer. This might block, if the user has
|
|
# been writing to .stdin in an uncontrolled fashion.
|
|
self.stdin.flush()
|
|
if not input:
|
|
self.stdin.close()
|
|
|
|
stdout = None
|
|
stderr = None
|
|
|
|
# Only create this mapping if we haven't already.
|
|
if not self._communication_started:
|
|
self._fileobj2output = {}
|
|
if self.stdout:
|
|
self._fileobj2output[self.stdout] = []
|
|
if self.stderr:
|
|
self._fileobj2output[self.stderr] = []
|
|
|
|
if self.stdout:
|
|
stdout = self._fileobj2output[self.stdout]
|
|
if self.stderr:
|
|
stderr = self._fileobj2output[self.stderr]
|
|
|
|
self._save_input(input)
|
|
|
|
if self._input:
|
|
input_view = memoryview(self._input)
|
|
|
|
with _PopenSelector() as selector:
|
|
if self.stdin and input:
|
|
selector.register(self.stdin, selectors.EVENT_WRITE)
|
|
if self.stdout:
|
|
selector.register(self.stdout, selectors.EVENT_READ)
|
|
if self.stderr:
|
|
selector.register(self.stderr, selectors.EVENT_READ)
|
|
|
|
while selector.get_map():
|
|
timeout = self._remaining_time(endtime)
|
|
if timeout is not None and timeout < 0:
|
|
raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, orig_timeout)
|
|
|
|
ready = selector.select(timeout)
|
|
self._check_timeout(endtime, orig_timeout)
|
|
|
|
# XXX Rewrite these to use non-blocking I/O on the file
|
|
# objects; they are no longer using C stdio!
|
|
|
|
for key, events in ready:
|
|
if key.fileobj is self.stdin:
|
|
chunk = input_view[self._input_offset :
|
|
self._input_offset + _PIPE_BUF]
|
|
try:
|
|
self._input_offset += os.write(key.fd, chunk)
|
|
except BrokenPipeError:
|
|
selector.unregister(key.fileobj)
|
|
key.fileobj.close()
|
|
else:
|
|
if self._input_offset >= len(self._input):
|
|
selector.unregister(key.fileobj)
|
|
key.fileobj.close()
|
|
elif key.fileobj in (self.stdout, self.stderr):
|
|
data = os.read(key.fd, 32768)
|
|
if not data:
|
|
selector.unregister(key.fileobj)
|
|
key.fileobj.close()
|
|
self._fileobj2output[key.fileobj].append(data)
|
|
|
|
self.wait(timeout=self._remaining_time(endtime))
|
|
|
|
# All data exchanged. Translate lists into strings.
|
|
if stdout is not None:
|
|
stdout = b''.join(stdout)
|
|
if stderr is not None:
|
|
stderr = b''.join(stderr)
|
|
|
|
# Translate newlines, if requested.
|
|
# This also turns bytes into strings.
|
|
if self.universal_newlines:
|
|
if stdout is not None:
|
|
stdout = self._translate_newlines(stdout,
|
|
self.stdout.encoding)
|
|
if stderr is not None:
|
|
stderr = self._translate_newlines(stderr,
|
|
self.stderr.encoding)
|
|
|
|
return (stdout, stderr)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _save_input(self, input):
|
|
# This method is called from the _communicate_with_*() methods
|
|
# so that if we time out while communicating, we can continue
|
|
# sending input if we retry.
|
|
if self.stdin and self._input is None:
|
|
self._input_offset = 0
|
|
self._input = input
|
|
if self.universal_newlines and input is not None:
|
|
self._input = self._input.encode(self.stdin.encoding)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def send_signal(self, sig):
|
|
"""Send a signal to the process."""
|
|
# Skip signalling a process that we know has already died.
|
|
if self.returncode is None:
|
|
os.kill(self.pid, sig)
|
|
|
|
def terminate(self):
|
|
"""Terminate the process with SIGTERM
|
|
"""
|
|
self.send_signal(signal.SIGTERM)
|
|
|
|
def kill(self):
|
|
"""Kill the process with SIGKILL
|
|
"""
|
|
self.send_signal(signal.SIGKILL)
|