133 lines
3.7 KiB
ReStructuredText
133 lines
3.7 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. highlightlang:: c
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.. _complexobjects:
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Complex Number Objects
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----------------------
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.. index:: object: complex number
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Python's complex number objects are implemented as two distinct types when
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viewed from the C API: one is the Python object exposed to Python programs, and
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the other is a C structure which represents the actual complex number value.
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The API provides functions for working with both.
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Complex Numbers as C Structures
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Note that the functions which accept these structures as parameters and return
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them as results do so *by value* rather than dereferencing them through
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pointers. This is consistent throughout the API.
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.. ctype:: Py_complex
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The C structure which corresponds to the value portion of a Python complex
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number object. Most of the functions for dealing with complex number objects
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use structures of this type as input or output values, as appropriate. It is
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defined as::
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typedef struct {
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double real;
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double imag;
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} Py_complex;
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.. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_sum(Py_complex left, Py_complex right)
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Return the sum of two complex numbers, using the C :ctype:`Py_complex`
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representation.
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.. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_diff(Py_complex left, Py_complex right)
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Return the difference between two complex numbers, using the C
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:ctype:`Py_complex` representation.
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.. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_neg(Py_complex complex)
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Return the negation of the complex number *complex*, using the C
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:ctype:`Py_complex` representation.
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.. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_prod(Py_complex left, Py_complex right)
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Return the product of two complex numbers, using the C :ctype:`Py_complex`
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representation.
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.. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_quot(Py_complex dividend, Py_complex divisor)
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Return the quotient of two complex numbers, using the C :ctype:`Py_complex`
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representation.
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.. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_pow(Py_complex num, Py_complex exp)
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Return the exponentiation of *num* by *exp*, using the C :ctype:`Py_complex`
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representation.
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Complex Numbers as Python Objects
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. ctype:: PyComplexObject
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This subtype of :ctype:`PyObject` represents a Python complex number object.
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.. cvar:: PyTypeObject PyComplex_Type
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This instance of :ctype:`PyTypeObject` represents the Python complex number
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type. It is the same object as ``complex`` and ``types.ComplexType``.
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.. cfunction:: int PyComplex_Check(PyObject *p)
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Return true if its argument is a :ctype:`PyComplexObject` or a subtype of
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:ctype:`PyComplexObject`.
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.. versionchanged:: 2.2
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Allowed subtypes to be accepted.
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.. cfunction:: int PyComplex_CheckExact(PyObject *p)
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Return true if its argument is a :ctype:`PyComplexObject`, but not a subtype of
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:ctype:`PyComplexObject`.
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.. versionadded:: 2.2
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.. cfunction:: PyObject* PyComplex_FromCComplex(Py_complex v)
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Create a new Python complex number object from a C :ctype:`Py_complex` value.
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.. cfunction:: PyObject* PyComplex_FromDoubles(double real, double imag)
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Return a new :ctype:`PyComplexObject` object from *real* and *imag*.
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.. cfunction:: double PyComplex_RealAsDouble(PyObject *op)
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Return the real part of *op* as a C :ctype:`double`.
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.. cfunction:: double PyComplex_ImagAsDouble(PyObject *op)
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Return the imaginary part of *op* as a C :ctype:`double`.
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.. cfunction:: Py_complex PyComplex_AsCComplex(PyObject *op)
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Return the :ctype:`Py_complex` value of the complex number *op*.
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.. versionchanged:: 2.6
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If *op* is not a Python complex number object but has a :meth:`__complex__`
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method, this method will first be called to convert *op* to a Python complex
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number object.
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