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cpython/Python/codecs.c

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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Python Codec Registry and support functions
Written by Marc-Andre Lemburg (mal@lemburg.com).
Copyright (c) Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
#include "Python.h"
#include <ctype.h>
/* --- Codec Registry ----------------------------------------------------- */
/* Import the standard encodings package which will register the first
codec search function.
This is done in a lazy way so that the Unicode implementation does
not downgrade startup time of scripts not needing it.
ImportErrors are silently ignored by this function. Only one try is
made.
*/
static int _PyCodecRegistry_Init(void); /* Forward */
int PyCodec_Register(PyObject *search_function)
{
PyInterpreterState *interp = PyThreadState_GET()->interp;
if (interp->codec_search_path == NULL && _PyCodecRegistry_Init())
goto onError;
if (search_function == NULL) {
PyErr_BadArgument();
goto onError;
}
if (!PyCallable_Check(search_function)) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "argument must be callable");
goto onError;
}
return PyList_Append(interp->codec_search_path, search_function);
onError:
return -1;
}
/* Convert a string to a normalized Python string: all characters are
converted to lower case, spaces are replaced with underscores. */
static
PyObject *normalizestring(const char *string)
{
register size_t i;
size_t len = strlen(string);
char *p;
PyObject *v;
if (len > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError, "string is too large");
return NULL;
}
v = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, len);
if (v == NULL)
return NULL;
p = PyString_AS_STRING(v);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
register char ch = string[i];
if (ch == ' ')
ch = '-';
else
ch = tolower(Py_CHARMASK(ch));
p[i] = ch;
}
return v;
}
/* Lookup the given encoding and return a tuple providing the codec
facilities.
The encoding string is looked up converted to all lower-case
characters. This makes encodings looked up through this mechanism
effectively case-insensitive.
If no codec is found, a LookupError is set and NULL returned.
As side effect, this tries to load the encodings package, if not
yet done. This is part of the lazy load strategy for the encodings
package.
*/
PyObject *_PyCodec_Lookup(const char *encoding)
{
PyInterpreterState *interp;
PyObject *result, *args = NULL, *v;
Py_ssize_t i, len;
if (encoding == NULL) {
PyErr_BadArgument();
goto onError;
}
interp = PyThreadState_GET()->interp;
if (interp->codec_search_path == NULL && _PyCodecRegistry_Init())
goto onError;
/* Convert the encoding to a normalized Python string: all
characters are converted to lower case, spaces and hyphens are
replaced with underscores. */
v = normalizestring(encoding);
if (v == NULL)
goto onError;
PyString_InternInPlace(&v);
/* First, try to lookup the name in the registry dictionary */
result = PyDict_GetItem(interp->codec_search_cache, v);
if (result != NULL) {
Py_INCREF(result);
Py_DECREF(v);
return result;
}
/* Next, scan the search functions in order of registration */
args = PyTuple_New(1);
if (args == NULL)
goto onError;
PyTuple_SET_ITEM(args,0,v);
len = PyList_Size(interp->codec_search_path);
if (len < 0)
goto onError;
if (len == 0) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_LookupError,
"no codec search functions registered: "
"can't find encoding");
goto onError;
}
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
PyObject *func;
func = PyList_GetItem(interp->codec_search_path, i);
if (func == NULL)
goto onError;
result = PyEval_CallObject(func, args);
if (result == NULL)
goto onError;
if (result == Py_None) {
Py_DECREF(result);
continue;
}
if (!PyTuple_Check(result) || PyTuple_GET_SIZE(result) != 4) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
"codec search functions must return 4-tuples");
Py_DECREF(result);
goto onError;
}
break;
}
if (i == len) {
/* XXX Perhaps we should cache misses too ? */
PyErr_Format(PyExc_LookupError,
"unknown encoding: %s", encoding);
goto onError;
}
/* Cache and return the result */
PyDict_SetItem(interp->codec_search_cache, v, result);
Py_DECREF(args);
return result;
onError:
Py_XDECREF(args);
return NULL;
}
static
PyObject *args_tuple(PyObject *object,
const char *errors)
{
PyObject *args;
args = PyTuple_New(1 + (errors != NULL));
if (args == NULL)
return NULL;
Py_INCREF(object);
PyTuple_SET_ITEM(args,0,object);
if (errors) {
PyObject *v;
v = PyString_FromString(errors);
if (v == NULL) {
Py_DECREF(args);
return NULL;
}
PyTuple_SET_ITEM(args, 1, v);
}
return args;
}
/* Helper function to get a codec item */
static
PyObject *codec_getitem(const char *encoding, int index)
{
PyObject *codecs;
PyObject *v;
codecs = _PyCodec_Lookup(encoding);
if (codecs == NULL)
return NULL;
v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(codecs, index);
Py_DECREF(codecs);
Py_INCREF(v);
return v;
}
/* Helper function to create an incremental codec. */
static
PyObject *codec_getincrementalcodec(const char *encoding,
const char *errors,
const char *attrname)
{
PyObject *codecs, *ret, *inccodec;
codecs = _PyCodec_Lookup(encoding);
if (codecs == NULL)
return NULL;
inccodec = PyObject_GetAttrString(codecs, attrname);
Py_DECREF(codecs);
if (inccodec == NULL)
return NULL;
if (errors)
ret = PyObject_CallFunction(inccodec, "s", errors);
else
ret = PyObject_CallFunction(inccodec, NULL);
Py_DECREF(inccodec);
return ret;
}
/* Helper function to create a stream codec. */
static
PyObject *codec_getstreamcodec(const char *encoding,
PyObject *stream,
const char *errors,
const int index)
{
PyObject *codecs, *streamcodec, *codeccls;
codecs = _PyCodec_Lookup(encoding);
if (codecs == NULL)
return NULL;
codeccls = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(codecs, index);
if (errors != NULL)
streamcodec = PyObject_CallFunction(codeccls, "Os", stream, errors);
else
streamcodec = PyObject_CallFunction(codeccls, "O", stream);
Py_DECREF(codecs);
return streamcodec;
}
/* Convenience APIs to query the Codec registry.
All APIs return a codec object with incremented refcount.
*/
PyObject *PyCodec_Encoder(const char *encoding)
{
return codec_getitem(encoding, 0);
}
PyObject *PyCodec_Decoder(const char *encoding)
{
return codec_getitem(encoding, 1);
}
PyObject *PyCodec_IncrementalEncoder(const char *encoding,
const char *errors)
{
return codec_getincrementalcodec(encoding, errors, "incrementalencoder");
}
PyObject *PyCodec_IncrementalDecoder(const char *encoding,
const char *errors)
{
return codec_getincrementalcodec(encoding, errors, "incrementaldecoder");
}
PyObject *PyCodec_StreamReader(const char *encoding,
PyObject *stream,
const char *errors)
{
return codec_getstreamcodec(encoding, stream, errors, 2);
}
PyObject *PyCodec_StreamWriter(const char *encoding,
PyObject *stream,
const char *errors)
{
return codec_getstreamcodec(encoding, stream, errors, 3);
}
/* Encode an object (e.g. an Unicode object) using the given encoding
and return the resulting encoded object (usually a Python string).
errors is passed to the encoder factory as argument if non-NULL. */
PyObject *PyCodec_Encode(PyObject *object,
const char *encoding,
const char *errors)
{
PyObject *encoder = NULL;
PyObject *args = NULL, *result = NULL;
PyObject *v;
encoder = PyCodec_Encoder(encoding);
if (encoder == NULL)
goto onError;
args = args_tuple(object, errors);
if (args == NULL)
goto onError;
result = PyEval_CallObject(encoder,args);
if (result == NULL)
goto onError;
if (!PyTuple_Check(result) ||
PyTuple_GET_SIZE(result) != 2) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
"encoder must return a tuple (object,integer)");
goto onError;
}
v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(result,0);
Py_INCREF(v);
/* We don't check or use the second (integer) entry. */
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(encoder);
Py_DECREF(result);
return v;
onError:
Py_XDECREF(result);
Py_XDECREF(args);
Py_XDECREF(encoder);
return NULL;
}
/* Decode an object (usually a Python string) using the given encoding
and return an equivalent object (e.g. an Unicode object).
errors is passed to the decoder factory as argument if non-NULL. */
PyObject *PyCodec_Decode(PyObject *object,
const char *encoding,
const char *errors)
{
PyObject *decoder = NULL;
PyObject *args = NULL, *result = NULL;
PyObject *v;
decoder = PyCodec_Decoder(encoding);
if (decoder == NULL)
goto onError;
args = args_tuple(object, errors);
if (args == NULL)
goto onError;
result = PyEval_CallObject(decoder,args);
if (result == NULL)
goto onError;
if (!PyTuple_Check(result) ||
PyTuple_GET_SIZE(result) != 2) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
"decoder must return a tuple (object,integer)");
goto onError;
}
v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(result,0);
Py_INCREF(v);
/* We don't check or use the second (integer) entry. */
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(decoder);
Py_DECREF(result);
return v;
onError:
Py_XDECREF(args);
Py_XDECREF(decoder);
Py_XDECREF(result);
return NULL;
}
/* Register the error handling callback function error under the name
name. This function will be called by the codec when it encounters
an unencodable characters/undecodable bytes and doesn't know the
callback name, when name is specified as the error parameter
in the call to the encode/decode function.
Return 0 on success, -1 on error */
int PyCodec_RegisterError(const char *name, PyObject *error)
{
PyInterpreterState *interp = PyThreadState_GET()->interp;
if (interp->codec_search_path == NULL && _PyCodecRegistry_Init())
return -1;
if (!PyCallable_Check(error)) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "handler must be callable");
return -1;
}
return PyDict_SetItemString(interp->codec_error_registry,
(char *)name, error);
}
/* Lookup the error handling callback function registered under the
name error. As a special case NULL can be passed, in which case
the error handling callback for strict encoding will be returned. */
PyObject *PyCodec_LookupError(const char *name)
{
PyObject *handler = NULL;
PyInterpreterState *interp = PyThreadState_GET()->interp;
if (interp->codec_search_path == NULL && _PyCodecRegistry_Init())
return NULL;
if (name==NULL)
name = "strict";
handler = PyDict_GetItemString(interp->codec_error_registry, (char *)name);
if (!handler)
PyErr_Format(PyExc_LookupError, "unknown error handler name '%.400s'", name);
else
Py_INCREF(handler);
return handler;
}
static void wrong_exception_type(PyObject *exc)
{
PyObject *type = PyObject_GetAttrString(exc, "__class__");
if (type != NULL) {
PyObject *name = PyObject_GetAttrString(type, "__name__");
Py_DECREF(type);
if (name != NULL) {
PyObject *string = PyObject_Str(name);
Py_DECREF(name);
if (string != NULL) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"don't know how to handle %.400s in error callback",
PyString_AS_STRING(string));
Py_DECREF(string);
}
}
}
}
PyObject *PyCodec_StrictErrors(PyObject *exc)
{
if (PyExceptionInstance_Check(exc))
PyErr_SetObject(PyExceptionInstance_Class(exc), exc);
else
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "codec must pass exception instance");
return NULL;
}
#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
PyObject *PyCodec_IgnoreErrors(PyObject *exc)
{
Py_ssize_t end;
if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
return NULL;
}
else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeDecodeError)) {
if (PyUnicodeDecodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
return NULL;
}
else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeTranslateError)) {
if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
return NULL;
}
else {
wrong_exception_type(exc);
return NULL;
}
/* ouch: passing NULL, 0, pos gives None instead of u'' */
return Py_BuildValue("(u#n)", &end, 0, end);
}
PyObject *PyCodec_ReplaceErrors(PyObject *exc)
{
PyObject *restuple;
Py_ssize_t start;
Py_ssize_t end;
Py_ssize_t i;
if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
PyObject *res;
Py_UNICODE *p;
if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetStart(exc, &start))
return NULL;
if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
return NULL;
res = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, end-start);
if (res == NULL)
return NULL;
for (p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(res), i = start;
i<end; ++p, ++i)
*p = '?';
restuple = Py_BuildValue("(On)", res, end);
Py_DECREF(res);
return restuple;
}
else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeDecodeError)) {
Py_UNICODE res = Py_UNICODE_REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER;
if (PyUnicodeDecodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
return NULL;
return Py_BuildValue("(u#n)", &res, 1, end);
}
else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeTranslateError)) {
PyObject *res;
Py_UNICODE *p;
if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_GetStart(exc, &start))
return NULL;
if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
return NULL;
res = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, end-start);
if (res == NULL)
return NULL;
for (p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(res), i = start;
i<end; ++p, ++i)
*p = Py_UNICODE_REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER;
restuple = Py_BuildValue("(On)", res, end);
Py_DECREF(res);
return restuple;
}
else {
wrong_exception_type(exc);
return NULL;
}
}
PyObject *PyCodec_XMLCharRefReplaceErrors(PyObject *exc)
{
if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
PyObject *restuple;
PyObject *object;
Py_ssize_t start;
Py_ssize_t end;
PyObject *res;
Py_UNICODE *p;
Py_UNICODE *startp;
Py_UNICODE *outp;
int ressize;
if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetStart(exc, &start))
return NULL;
if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
return NULL;
if (!(object = PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetObject(exc)))
return NULL;
startp = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(object);
for (p = startp+start, ressize = 0; p < startp+end; ++p) {
if (*p<10)
ressize += 2+1+1;
else if (*p<100)
ressize += 2+2+1;
else if (*p<1000)
ressize += 2+3+1;
else if (*p<10000)
ressize += 2+4+1;
#ifndef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
else
ressize += 2+5+1;
#else
else if (*p<100000)
ressize += 2+5+1;
else if (*p<1000000)
ressize += 2+6+1;
else
ressize += 2+7+1;
#endif
}
/* allocate replacement */
res = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, ressize);
if (res == NULL) {
Py_DECREF(object);
return NULL;
}
/* generate replacement */
for (p = startp+start, outp = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(res);
p < startp+end; ++p) {
Py_UNICODE c = *p;
int digits;
int base;
*outp++ = '&';
*outp++ = '#';
if (*p<10) {
digits = 1;
base = 1;
}
else if (*p<100) {
digits = 2;
base = 10;
}
else if (*p<1000) {
digits = 3;
base = 100;
}
else if (*p<10000) {
digits = 4;
base = 1000;
}
#ifndef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
else {
digits = 5;
base = 10000;
}
#else
else if (*p<100000) {
digits = 5;
base = 10000;
}
else if (*p<1000000) {
digits = 6;
base = 100000;
}
else {
digits = 7;
base = 1000000;
}
#endif
while (digits-->0) {
*outp++ = '0' + c/base;
c %= base;
base /= 10;
}
*outp++ = ';';
}
restuple = Py_BuildValue("(On)", res, end);
Py_DECREF(res);
Py_DECREF(object);
return restuple;
}
else {
wrong_exception_type(exc);
return NULL;
}
}
static Py_UNICODE hexdigits[] = {
'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',
'8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'
};
PyObject *PyCodec_BackslashReplaceErrors(PyObject *exc)
{
if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
PyObject *restuple;
PyObject *object;
Py_ssize_t start;
Py_ssize_t end;
PyObject *res;
Py_UNICODE *p;
Py_UNICODE *startp;
Py_UNICODE *outp;
int ressize;
if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetStart(exc, &start))
return NULL;
if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
return NULL;
if (!(object = PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetObject(exc)))
return NULL;
startp = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(object);
for (p = startp+start, ressize = 0; p < startp+end; ++p) {
#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
if (*p >= 0x00010000)
ressize += 1+1+8;
else
#endif
if (*p >= 0x100) {
ressize += 1+1+4;
}
else
ressize += 1+1+2;
}
res = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, ressize);
if (res==NULL)
return NULL;
for (p = startp+start, outp = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(res);
p < startp+end; ++p) {
Py_UNICODE c = *p;
*outp++ = '\\';
#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
if (c >= 0x00010000) {
*outp++ = 'U';
*outp++ = hexdigits[(c>>28)&0xf];
*outp++ = hexdigits[(c>>24)&0xf];
*outp++ = hexdigits[(c>>20)&0xf];
*outp++ = hexdigits[(c>>16)&0xf];
*outp++ = hexdigits[(c>>12)&0xf];
*outp++ = hexdigits[(c>>8)&0xf];
}
else
#endif
if (c >= 0x100) {
*outp++ = 'u';
*outp++ = hexdigits[(c>>12)&0xf];
*outp++ = hexdigits[(c>>8)&0xf];
}
else
*outp++ = 'x';
*outp++ = hexdigits[(c>>4)&0xf];
*outp++ = hexdigits[c&0xf];
}
restuple = Py_BuildValue("(On)", res, end);
Py_DECREF(res);
Py_DECREF(object);
return restuple;
}
else {
wrong_exception_type(exc);
return NULL;
}
}
#endif
static PyObject *strict_errors(PyObject *self, PyObject *exc)
{
return PyCodec_StrictErrors(exc);
}
#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
static PyObject *ignore_errors(PyObject *self, PyObject *exc)
{
return PyCodec_IgnoreErrors(exc);
}
static PyObject *replace_errors(PyObject *self, PyObject *exc)
{
return PyCodec_ReplaceErrors(exc);
}
static PyObject *xmlcharrefreplace_errors(PyObject *self, PyObject *exc)
{
return PyCodec_XMLCharRefReplaceErrors(exc);
}
static PyObject *backslashreplace_errors(PyObject *self, PyObject *exc)
{
return PyCodec_BackslashReplaceErrors(exc);
}
#endif
static int _PyCodecRegistry_Init(void)
{
static struct {
char *name;
PyMethodDef def;
} methods[] =
{
{
"strict",
{
"strict_errors",
strict_errors,
METH_O
}
},
#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
{
"ignore",
{
"ignore_errors",
ignore_errors,
METH_O
}
},
{
"replace",
{
"replace_errors",
replace_errors,
METH_O
}
},
{
"xmlcharrefreplace",
{
"xmlcharrefreplace_errors",
xmlcharrefreplace_errors,
METH_O
}
},
{
"backslashreplace",
{
"backslashreplace_errors",
backslashreplace_errors,
METH_O
}
}
#endif
};
PyInterpreterState *interp = PyThreadState_GET()->interp;
PyObject *mod;
unsigned i;
if (interp->codec_search_path != NULL)
return 0;
interp->codec_search_path = PyList_New(0);
interp->codec_search_cache = PyDict_New();
interp->codec_error_registry = PyDict_New();
if (interp->codec_error_registry) {
for (i = 0; i < sizeof(methods)/sizeof(methods[0]); ++i) {
PyObject *func = PyCFunction_New(&methods[i].def, NULL);
int res;
if (!func)
Py_FatalError("can't initialize codec error registry");
res = PyCodec_RegisterError(methods[i].name, func);
Py_DECREF(func);
if (res)
Py_FatalError("can't initialize codec error registry");
}
}
if (interp->codec_search_path == NULL ||
interp->codec_search_cache == NULL ||
interp->codec_error_registry == NULL)
Py_FatalError("can't initialize codec registry");
mod = PyImport_ImportModuleLevel("encodings", NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
if (mod == NULL) {
if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_ImportError)) {
/* Ignore ImportErrors... this is done so that
distributions can disable the encodings package. Note
that other errors are not masked, e.g. SystemErrors
raised to inform the user of an error in the Python
configuration are still reported back to the user. */
PyErr_Clear();
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
Py_DECREF(mod);
return 0;
}
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