242 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
242 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
How to install Python 2.2.1 on your Macintosh
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---------------------------------------------
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This is a MacPython that can run on classic MacOS (from 8.1
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onwards) and natively on MacOSX. The installer tries to work out whether you can
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use the Carbon version or not. For Mac OS X users: this version of Python
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does not run from the command line, it is a pure "Mac only" app. Use the standard
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unix Python from the commandline, the two Pythons will be merged in the future.
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You should definitely read the Relnotes file too, and the section below about
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toolbox module reorganization. You should also read :Misc:NEWS, which lists
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the general (non-mac-dependent) new features of this Python release.
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A special note about the active installer: do not background it, it may hang
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your machine. This is a general problem with Vise active installers, MindVision
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are working on it.
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------
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If this is your first encounter with Python: you definitely need the
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common user documentation (common to all platforms). You can find this
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(in various forms) on www.pythonlabs.com, www.python.org and
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ftp.python.org. Through there, or via
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http://www.cwi.nl/~jack/macpython.html you can also find the most recent
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MacPython distribution.
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Mac-specific documentation is included in this distribution in folder
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Mac:Demo. The documentation is sparse, but it will have to serve for
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now. The documentation is in HTML format, start with index.html.
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This installer installs MacPython for classic PPC MacOS, MacPython for Carbon
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(OS X, OS 9 or OS 8 with CarbonLib installed) or both, depending on your
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configuration. By selecting custom install you can bypass these tests and
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install what you want.
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If you want 68k support you will have get MacPython 1.5.2.
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What to install
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---------------
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The optional parts in this distribution are
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- TK+PIL: Tkinter and support modules, plus Imaging, the Python image
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manipulation package (allows you to read, write and display images and
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do lots of operations on them).
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For Carbon MacPython you only get PIL: there is no Tcl/Tk for Carbon yet.
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This is the reason Classic MacPython is also installed on MacOSX: it
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allows you to run Tkinter applications, albeit in the Classic box.
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- img: another imaging package. Has more file format support and is faster
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than imaging, but has only limited operations on images. There is a bridge
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between the packages.
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- Numeric: the LLNL Numeric Python extension. All sorts of nifty operations
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on matrices and such. This is the most recent version from the
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sourceforge archive.
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Numeric has moved from Extensions to :Lib:site-python, by the way,
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see the release notes.
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- Developers kit: all header files and some tools and sample projects
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to get you started on writing Python extensions if you have CodeWarrior.
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All these except the DevKit are installed with Easy Install.
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After the installer finishes it automatically launches the appropriate
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ConfigurePython applet, to finish configuration of your Python. If you
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run MacOS9 or later (or 8 with CarbonLib installed) you can switch
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back and forth between the classic and Carbon versions of Python by
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running either ConfigurePythonClassic or ConfigurePythonCarbon.
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Moving your Python installation after installing is generally not a
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good idea. If you have to do this anyway you should remove your
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preference file, run ConfigurePython and remove all .pyc
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files. (there's a script zappyc.py that does the latter).
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If you don't have enough memory: the sizes choosen are somewhat
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arbitrary, and they are as high as they are so that test.autotest runs
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with fewer problems. An average Python program can make do with much
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less memory. Try lowering the application sizes in the finder "get
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info" window, and seeing whether the resulting python is still usable.
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After installing
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----------------
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It is probably a good idea to run the automatic tests. Start
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Python and "import test.regrtest ; test.regrtest.main()".
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test_frozen will fail in MacPython because of different handling on
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frozen modules. This should not be a problem in normal use.
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Three tests will fail on MacOS9 with MemoryErrors:
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test_longexp, test_sha and test_zlib (on MacOSX these should pass).
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If you increase the PythonInterpreter memory partition size they will
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pass (but for longexp you have to increase it by an incredible amount,
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400MB is rumoured). It will, however, print some messages about
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optional features not supported. You should not worry about these,
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they are modules that are supported by Python on other
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platforms. Also, if you didn't run compileall before autotesting you
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may run out of memory the first time you run the tests. test_socket
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may also fail if you have no internet connection. Please also read the
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Relnotes file for other minor problems with this distribution.
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Using Python is most easily done from the IDE, which has a builtin
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editor, debugger and other goodies. The alternative is to use
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PythonInterpreter, which is the lowlevel interpreter with a
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console-window only (similar to Unix Python).
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If your program uses Tkinter you MUST run it under PythonInterpreter,
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Tkinter and IDE are incompatible and your program will fail in strange
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ways.
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OSX Multiple users note
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-----------------------
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Interaction with Mac OS X multiple users has been tested only very lightly.
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If you install as a privileged user everything installs fine.
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If you install as a non-privileged user everything should install in your local
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per-user folders. But: as there is no global PythonCore you can only run applets
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if they reside in your toplevel Python folder.
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If you install as a privileged user and then try to run
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Python as another (non-privileged) user you may encounter a problem with
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not having a preference file: the symptom is failing to import all sorts
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of standard modules. If you remove your per-user Python preference files
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(in ~/Library/Preferences) and then run PythonIntpreter once everything should
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be fine.
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Uninstalling
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------------
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Up to three items are installed in the system folder: the interpreter shared
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libraries PythonCore and PythonCoreCarbon live in the Extensions
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folder and the "Python 2.2.1 Preferences" file in the Python subfolder
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in the Preferences folder. All the rest of Python lives in the folder
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you installed in.
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On OSX the libraries are installed in /Library/CFMSupport. The ConfigurePython
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applets will complain if you have no right to create the libraries there
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(you need Admin privileges). This has one consequence: you will not be able to
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run applets unless they reside in the MacPython folder (such as the IDE or
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EditPythonPrefs). If you try to run an applet stored elsewhere you will
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get a "Cannot locate PythonCore" error message.
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Things to see
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-------------
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Start off at Mac:Demo:index.html. Read at least the first few sections.
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There are also some interesting files in the "Relnotes" folder that may
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contain useful information. There is also a first stab at documentation
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(plus examples) in the Mac:Demo folder. The toplevel Demo folder has
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machine-independent demos.
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The Mac:Lib:test folder also has some programs that show simple
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capabilities of various modules.
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The ":Mac:scripts" folder has some sample scripts. Some are useful,
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some are just interesting to look at to see how various things
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work. The MkDistr, mkapplet and fullbuild scripts (plus the ones
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mentioned above) may help you to understand how to use AppleEvents and
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various other toolboxes from python.
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Other mac-specific goodies can be found in :Mac:Tools, of which the
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IDE sources and a CGI framework deserve special mention.
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The 'img' group of modules, which handles I/O of many different image
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formats is included, but without documentation. You can find docs at
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ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/jack/python/img (or somewhere around there).
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Finally there is a Mac:Contrib folder which contains some contributed
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software.
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Upgrading from older Python releases
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------------------------------------
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Python releases are independent of each other, with separate
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Preferences files, shared library names, etc. The good news is that
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this means you can keep your older version around if you are unsure
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whether to upgrade. The bad news is that your old preference settings
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are lost and you have to set them again.
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After you are satisfied that 2.2.1 works as expected you can trash
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anything in the system folder that has "python" in the name and not
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"2.2.1".
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The ConfigurePython... applets will try to detect incompatible
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preferences files and offer to remove them. This means that re-running
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ConfigurePython after a second install of the same MacPython version
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(or after moving the Python folder) should fix things up correctly.
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The installer
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-------------
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The installer for this product was created using Installer VISE
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from MindVision Software. For more information on Installer VISE,
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contact:
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MindVision Software
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7201 North 7th Street
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Lincoln, NE 68521-8913
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Voice: 402-477-3269
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Fax: 402-477-1395
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Internet: mindvision@mindvision.com
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http://www.mindvision.com
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Just van Rossum <just@letterror.com> created the initial version of the
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installer (with Installer Vise Lite), and Jack worked from there.
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Thanks!
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-------
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Thanks go to the whole Python community with Guido in the lead, of
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course. Mac-specific thanks go to the pythonmac-sig, Just van Rossum,
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Corran Webster, Tony Ingraldi, Erik van Blokland, Bill Bedford, Chris
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Stern, Gordon Worley, Oliver Steele, M. Papillon, Steven Majewski, David
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Goodger, Chris Barker, Luc Lefebvre, Tattoo Mabonzo K., Russell Finn,
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Tom Bridgman, Russel Owen, Pascal Oberndoerfer, Dean Draayer,
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Alexandre Parenteau, Donovan Preston, Daniel Brotsky, Jason Harper,
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Nitin Ganatra, Jacob Kaplan-Moss, Michael J. Barber, Tom Loredo,
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Christopher Smith,
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and all the other people who provided feedback, code or both!
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MacPython includes waste, a TextEdit replacement which is (c) 1998
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Marco Piovanelli.
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A special mention is deserved by Matthias Neeracher, who has written
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the brilliant unix-compatible GUSI I/O library, without which
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MacPython would not have sockets or select, and to Alexandre
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Parenteau, who has ported this library to Carbon.
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Feedback
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--------
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Send bug reports, suggestions, contributions and fanmail to
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<jack@cwi.nl>. However, a better way to discuss MacPython is to join the
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<pythonmac-sig@python.org> mailing list, which is explicitly meant for
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this purpose.
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Jack Jansen
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CWI
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Kruislaan 413
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1098 SJ Amsterdam
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the Netherlands
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<jack@cwi.nl>, http://www.cwi.nl/~jack
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