cpython/Lib/zoneinfo/_zoneinfo.py

756 lines
24 KiB
Python

import bisect
import calendar
import collections
import functools
import os
import re
import struct
import sys
import weakref
from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone, tzinfo
from . import _common, _tzpath
EPOCH = datetime(1970, 1, 1)
EPOCHORDINAL = datetime(1970, 1, 1).toordinal()
# It is relatively expensive to construct new timedelta objects, and in most
# cases we're looking at the same deltas, like integer numbers of hours, etc.
# To improve speed and memory use, we'll keep a dictionary with references
# to the ones we've already used so far.
#
# Loading every time zone in the 2020a version of the time zone database
# requires 447 timedeltas, which requires approximately the amount of space
# that ZoneInfo("America/New_York") with 236 transitions takes up, so we will
# set the cache size to 512 so that in the common case we always get cache
# hits, but specifically crafted ZoneInfo objects don't leak arbitrary amounts
# of memory.
@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=512)
def _load_timedelta(seconds):
return timedelta(seconds=seconds)
class ZoneInfo(tzinfo):
_strong_cache_size = 8
_strong_cache = collections.OrderedDict()
_weak_cache = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()
__module__ = "zoneinfo"
def __init_subclass__(cls):
cls._strong_cache = collections.OrderedDict()
cls._weak_cache = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()
def __new__(cls, key):
instance = cls._weak_cache.get(key, None)
if instance is None:
instance = cls._weak_cache.setdefault(key, cls._new_instance(key))
instance._from_cache = True
# Update the "strong" cache
cls._strong_cache[key] = cls._strong_cache.pop(key, instance)
if len(cls._strong_cache) > cls._strong_cache_size:
cls._strong_cache.popitem(last=False)
return instance
@classmethod
def no_cache(cls, key):
obj = cls._new_instance(key)
obj._from_cache = False
return obj
@classmethod
def _new_instance(cls, key):
obj = super().__new__(cls)
obj._key = key
obj._file_path = obj._find_tzfile(key)
if obj._file_path is not None:
file_obj = open(obj._file_path, "rb")
else:
file_obj = _common.load_tzdata(key)
with file_obj as f:
obj._load_file(f)
return obj
@classmethod
def from_file(cls, fobj, /, key=None):
obj = super().__new__(cls)
obj._key = key
obj._file_path = None
obj._load_file(fobj)
obj._file_repr = repr(fobj)
# Disable pickling for objects created from files
obj.__reduce__ = obj._file_reduce
return obj
@classmethod
def clear_cache(cls, *, only_keys=None):
if only_keys is not None:
for key in only_keys:
cls._weak_cache.pop(key, None)
cls._strong_cache.pop(key, None)
else:
cls._weak_cache.clear()
cls._strong_cache.clear()
@property
def key(self):
return self._key
def utcoffset(self, dt):
return self._find_trans(dt).utcoff
def dst(self, dt):
return self._find_trans(dt).dstoff
def tzname(self, dt):
return self._find_trans(dt).tzname
def fromutc(self, dt):
"""Convert from datetime in UTC to datetime in local time"""
if not isinstance(dt, datetime):
raise TypeError("fromutc() requires a datetime argument")
if dt.tzinfo is not self:
raise ValueError("dt.tzinfo is not self")
timestamp = self._get_local_timestamp(dt)
num_trans = len(self._trans_utc)
if num_trans >= 1 and timestamp < self._trans_utc[0]:
tti = self._tti_before
fold = 0
elif (
num_trans == 0 or timestamp > self._trans_utc[-1]
) and not isinstance(self._tz_after, _ttinfo):
tti, fold = self._tz_after.get_trans_info_fromutc(
timestamp, dt.year
)
elif num_trans == 0:
tti = self._tz_after
fold = 0
else:
idx = bisect.bisect_right(self._trans_utc, timestamp)
if num_trans > 1 and timestamp >= self._trans_utc[1]:
tti_prev, tti = self._ttinfos[idx - 2 : idx]
elif timestamp > self._trans_utc[-1]:
tti_prev = self._ttinfos[-1]
tti = self._tz_after
else:
tti_prev = self._tti_before
tti = self._ttinfos[0]
# Detect fold
shift = tti_prev.utcoff - tti.utcoff
fold = shift.total_seconds() > timestamp - self._trans_utc[idx - 1]
dt += tti.utcoff
if fold:
return dt.replace(fold=1)
else:
return dt
def _find_trans(self, dt):
if dt is None:
if self._fixed_offset:
return self._tz_after
else:
return _NO_TTINFO
ts = self._get_local_timestamp(dt)
lt = self._trans_local[dt.fold]
num_trans = len(lt)
if num_trans and ts < lt[0]:
return self._tti_before
elif not num_trans or ts > lt[-1]:
if isinstance(self._tz_after, _TZStr):
return self._tz_after.get_trans_info(ts, dt.year, dt.fold)
else:
return self._tz_after
else:
# idx is the transition that occurs after this timestamp, so we
# subtract off 1 to get the current ttinfo
idx = bisect.bisect_right(lt, ts) - 1
assert idx >= 0
return self._ttinfos[idx]
def _get_local_timestamp(self, dt):
return (
(dt.toordinal() - EPOCHORDINAL) * 86400
+ dt.hour * 3600
+ dt.minute * 60
+ dt.second
)
def __str__(self):
if self._key is not None:
return f"{self._key}"
else:
return repr(self)
def __repr__(self):
if self._key is not None:
return f"{self.__class__.__name__}(key={self._key!r})"
else:
return f"{self.__class__.__name__}.from_file({self._file_repr})"
def __reduce__(self):
return (self.__class__._unpickle, (self._key, self._from_cache))
def _file_reduce(self):
import pickle
raise pickle.PicklingError(
"Cannot pickle a ZoneInfo file created from a file stream."
)
@classmethod
def _unpickle(cls, key, from_cache, /):
if from_cache:
return cls(key)
else:
return cls.no_cache(key)
def _find_tzfile(self, key):
return _tzpath.find_tzfile(key)
def _load_file(self, fobj):
# Retrieve all the data as it exists in the zoneinfo file
trans_idx, trans_utc, utcoff, isdst, abbr, tz_str = _common.load_data(
fobj
)
# Infer the DST offsets (needed for .dst()) from the data
dstoff = self._utcoff_to_dstoff(trans_idx, utcoff, isdst)
# Convert all the transition times (UTC) into "seconds since 1970-01-01 local time"
trans_local = self._ts_to_local(trans_idx, trans_utc, utcoff)
# Construct `_ttinfo` objects for each transition in the file
_ttinfo_list = [
_ttinfo(
_load_timedelta(utcoffset), _load_timedelta(dstoffset), tzname
)
for utcoffset, dstoffset, tzname in zip(utcoff, dstoff, abbr)
]
self._trans_utc = trans_utc
self._trans_local = trans_local
self._ttinfos = [_ttinfo_list[idx] for idx in trans_idx]
# Find the first non-DST transition
for i in range(len(isdst)):
if not isdst[i]:
self._tti_before = _ttinfo_list[i]
break
else:
if self._ttinfos:
self._tti_before = self._ttinfos[0]
else:
self._tti_before = None
# Set the "fallback" time zone
if tz_str is not None and tz_str != b"":
self._tz_after = _parse_tz_str(tz_str.decode())
else:
if not self._ttinfos and not _ttinfo_list:
raise ValueError("No time zone information found.")
if self._ttinfos:
self._tz_after = self._ttinfos[-1]
else:
self._tz_after = _ttinfo_list[-1]
# Determine if this is a "fixed offset" zone, meaning that the output
# of the utcoffset, dst and tzname functions does not depend on the
# specific datetime passed.
#
# We make three simplifying assumptions here:
#
# 1. If _tz_after is not a _ttinfo, it has transitions that might
# actually occur (it is possible to construct TZ strings that
# specify STD and DST but no transitions ever occur, such as
# AAA0BBB,0/0,J365/25).
# 2. If _ttinfo_list contains more than one _ttinfo object, the objects
# represent different offsets.
# 3. _ttinfo_list contains no unused _ttinfos (in which case an
# otherwise fixed-offset zone with extra _ttinfos defined may
# appear to *not* be a fixed offset zone).
#
# Violations to these assumptions would be fairly exotic, and exotic
# zones should almost certainly not be used with datetime.time (the
# only thing that would be affected by this).
if len(_ttinfo_list) > 1 or not isinstance(self._tz_after, _ttinfo):
self._fixed_offset = False
elif not _ttinfo_list:
self._fixed_offset = True
else:
self._fixed_offset = _ttinfo_list[0] == self._tz_after
@staticmethod
def _utcoff_to_dstoff(trans_idx, utcoffsets, isdsts):
# Now we must transform our ttis and abbrs into `_ttinfo` objects,
# but there is an issue: .dst() must return a timedelta with the
# difference between utcoffset() and the "standard" offset, but
# the "base offset" and "DST offset" are not encoded in the file;
# we can infer what they are from the isdst flag, but it is not
# sufficient to to just look at the last standard offset, because
# occasionally countries will shift both DST offset and base offset.
typecnt = len(isdsts)
dstoffs = [0] * typecnt # Provisionally assign all to 0.
dst_cnt = sum(isdsts)
dst_found = 0
for i in range(1, len(trans_idx)):
if dst_cnt == dst_found:
break
idx = trans_idx[i]
dst = isdsts[idx]
# We're only going to look at daylight saving time
if not dst:
continue
# Skip any offsets that have already been assigned
if dstoffs[idx] != 0:
continue
dstoff = 0
utcoff = utcoffsets[idx]
comp_idx = trans_idx[i - 1]
if not isdsts[comp_idx]:
dstoff = utcoff - utcoffsets[comp_idx]
if not dstoff and idx < (typecnt - 1):
comp_idx = trans_idx[i + 1]
# If the following transition is also DST and we couldn't
# find the DST offset by this point, we're going ot have to
# skip it and hope this transition gets assigned later
if isdsts[comp_idx]:
continue
dstoff = utcoff - utcoffsets[comp_idx]
if dstoff:
dst_found += 1
dstoffs[idx] = dstoff
else:
# If we didn't find a valid value for a given index, we'll end up
# with dstoff = 0 for something where `isdst=1`. This is obviously
# wrong - one hour will be a much better guess than 0
for idx in range(typecnt):
if not dstoffs[idx] and isdsts[idx]:
dstoffs[idx] = 3600
return dstoffs
@staticmethod
def _ts_to_local(trans_idx, trans_list_utc, utcoffsets):
"""Generate number of seconds since 1970 *in the local time*.
This is necessary to easily find the transition times in local time"""
if not trans_list_utc:
return [[], []]
# Start with the timestamps and modify in-place
trans_list_wall = [list(trans_list_utc), list(trans_list_utc)]
if len(utcoffsets) > 1:
offset_0 = utcoffsets[0]
offset_1 = utcoffsets[trans_idx[0]]
if offset_1 > offset_0:
offset_1, offset_0 = offset_0, offset_1
else:
offset_0 = offset_1 = utcoffsets[0]
trans_list_wall[0][0] += offset_0
trans_list_wall[1][0] += offset_1
for i in range(1, len(trans_idx)):
offset_0 = utcoffsets[trans_idx[i - 1]]
offset_1 = utcoffsets[trans_idx[i]]
if offset_1 > offset_0:
offset_1, offset_0 = offset_0, offset_1
trans_list_wall[0][i] += offset_0
trans_list_wall[1][i] += offset_1
return trans_list_wall
class _ttinfo:
__slots__ = ["utcoff", "dstoff", "tzname"]
def __init__(self, utcoff, dstoff, tzname):
self.utcoff = utcoff
self.dstoff = dstoff
self.tzname = tzname
def __eq__(self, other):
return (
self.utcoff == other.utcoff
and self.dstoff == other.dstoff
and self.tzname == other.tzname
)
def __repr__(self): # pragma: nocover
return (
f"{self.__class__.__name__}"
+ f"({self.utcoff}, {self.dstoff}, {self.tzname})"
)
_NO_TTINFO = _ttinfo(None, None, None)
class _TZStr:
__slots__ = (
"std",
"dst",
"start",
"end",
"get_trans_info",
"get_trans_info_fromutc",
"dst_diff",
)
def __init__(
self, std_abbr, std_offset, dst_abbr, dst_offset, start=None, end=None
):
self.dst_diff = dst_offset - std_offset
std_offset = _load_timedelta(std_offset)
self.std = _ttinfo(
utcoff=std_offset, dstoff=_load_timedelta(0), tzname=std_abbr
)
self.start = start
self.end = end
dst_offset = _load_timedelta(dst_offset)
delta = _load_timedelta(self.dst_diff)
self.dst = _ttinfo(utcoff=dst_offset, dstoff=delta, tzname=dst_abbr)
# These are assertions because the constructor should only be called
# by functions that would fail before passing start or end
assert start is not None, "No transition start specified"
assert end is not None, "No transition end specified"
self.get_trans_info = self._get_trans_info
self.get_trans_info_fromutc = self._get_trans_info_fromutc
def transitions(self, year):
start = self.start.year_to_epoch(year)
end = self.end.year_to_epoch(year)
return start, end
def _get_trans_info(self, ts, year, fold):
"""Get the information about the current transition - tti"""
start, end = self.transitions(year)
# With fold = 0, the period (denominated in local time) with the
# smaller offset starts at the end of the gap and ends at the end of
# the fold; with fold = 1, it runs from the start of the gap to the
# beginning of the fold.
#
# So in order to determine the DST boundaries we need to know both
# the fold and whether DST is positive or negative (rare), and it
# turns out that this boils down to fold XOR is_positive.
if fold == (self.dst_diff >= 0):
end -= self.dst_diff
else:
start += self.dst_diff
if start < end:
isdst = start <= ts < end
else:
isdst = not (end <= ts < start)
return self.dst if isdst else self.std
def _get_trans_info_fromutc(self, ts, year):
start, end = self.transitions(year)
start -= self.std.utcoff.total_seconds()
end -= self.dst.utcoff.total_seconds()
if start < end:
isdst = start <= ts < end
else:
isdst = not (end <= ts < start)
# For positive DST, the ambiguous period is one dst_diff after the end
# of DST; for negative DST, the ambiguous period is one dst_diff before
# the start of DST.
if self.dst_diff > 0:
ambig_start = end
ambig_end = end + self.dst_diff
else:
ambig_start = start
ambig_end = start - self.dst_diff
fold = ambig_start <= ts < ambig_end
return (self.dst if isdst else self.std, fold)
def _post_epoch_days_before_year(year):
"""Get the number of days between 1970-01-01 and YEAR-01-01"""
y = year - 1
return y * 365 + y // 4 - y // 100 + y // 400 - EPOCHORDINAL
class _DayOffset:
__slots__ = ["d", "julian", "hour", "minute", "second"]
def __init__(self, d, julian, hour=2, minute=0, second=0):
if not (0 + julian) <= d <= 365:
min_day = 0 + julian
raise ValueError(f"d must be in [{min_day}, 365], not: {d}")
self.d = d
self.julian = julian
self.hour = hour
self.minute = minute
self.second = second
def year_to_epoch(self, year):
days_before_year = _post_epoch_days_before_year(year)
d = self.d
if self.julian and d >= 59 and calendar.isleap(year):
d += 1
epoch = (days_before_year + d) * 86400
epoch += self.hour * 3600 + self.minute * 60 + self.second
return epoch
class _CalendarOffset:
__slots__ = ["m", "w", "d", "hour", "minute", "second"]
_DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH = (
-1,
0,
31,
59,
90,
120,
151,
181,
212,
243,
273,
304,
334,
)
def __init__(self, m, w, d, hour=2, minute=0, second=0):
if not 0 < m <= 12:
raise ValueError("m must be in (0, 12]")
if not 0 < w <= 5:
raise ValueError("w must be in (0, 5]")
if not 0 <= d <= 6:
raise ValueError("d must be in [0, 6]")
self.m = m
self.w = w
self.d = d
self.hour = hour
self.minute = minute
self.second = second
@classmethod
def _ymd2ord(cls, year, month, day):
return (
_post_epoch_days_before_year(year)
+ cls._DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month]
+ (month > 2 and calendar.isleap(year))
+ day
)
# TODO: These are not actually epoch dates as they are expressed in local time
def year_to_epoch(self, year):
"""Calculates the datetime of the occurrence from the year"""
# We know year and month, we need to convert w, d into day of month
#
# Week 1 is the first week in which day `d` (where 0 = Sunday) appears.
# Week 5 represents the last occurrence of day `d`, so we need to know
# the range of the month.
first_day, days_in_month = calendar.monthrange(year, self.m)
# This equation seems magical, so I'll break it down:
# 1. calendar says 0 = Monday, POSIX says 0 = Sunday
# so we need first_day + 1 to get 1 = Monday -> 7 = Sunday,
# which is still equivalent because this math is mod 7
# 2. Get first day - desired day mod 7: -1 % 7 = 6, so we don't need
# to do anything to adjust negative numbers.
# 3. Add 1 because month days are a 1-based index.
month_day = (self.d - (first_day + 1)) % 7 + 1
# Now use a 0-based index version of `w` to calculate the w-th
# occurrence of `d`
month_day += (self.w - 1) * 7
# month_day will only be > days_in_month if w was 5, and `w` means
# "last occurrence of `d`", so now we just check if we over-shot the
# end of the month and if so knock off 1 week.
if month_day > days_in_month:
month_day -= 7
ordinal = self._ymd2ord(year, self.m, month_day)
epoch = ordinal * 86400
epoch += self.hour * 3600 + self.minute * 60 + self.second
return epoch
def _parse_tz_str(tz_str):
# The tz string has the format:
#
# std[offset[dst[offset],start[/time],end[/time]]]
#
# std and dst must be 3 or more characters long and must not contain
# a leading colon, embedded digits, commas, nor a plus or minus signs;
# The spaces between "std" and "offset" are only for display and are
# not actually present in the string.
#
# The format of the offset is ``[+|-]hh[:mm[:ss]]``
offset_str, *start_end_str = tz_str.split(",", 1)
# fmt: off
parser_re = re.compile(
r"(?P<std>[^<0-9:.+-]+|<[a-zA-Z0-9+\-]+>)" +
r"((?P<stdoff>[+-]?\d{1,2}(:\d{2}(:\d{2})?)?)" +
r"((?P<dst>[^0-9:.+-]+|<[a-zA-Z0-9+\-]+>)" +
r"((?P<dstoff>[+-]?\d{1,2}(:\d{2}(:\d{2})?)?))?" +
r")?" + # dst
r")?$" # stdoff
)
# fmt: on
m = parser_re.match(offset_str)
if m is None:
raise ValueError(f"{tz_str} is not a valid TZ string")
std_abbr = m.group("std")
dst_abbr = m.group("dst")
dst_offset = None
std_abbr = std_abbr.strip("<>")
if dst_abbr:
dst_abbr = dst_abbr.strip("<>")
if std_offset := m.group("stdoff"):
try:
std_offset = _parse_tz_delta(std_offset)
except ValueError as e:
raise ValueError(f"Invalid STD offset in {tz_str}") from e
else:
std_offset = 0
if dst_abbr is not None:
if dst_offset := m.group("dstoff"):
try:
dst_offset = _parse_tz_delta(dst_offset)
except ValueError as e:
raise ValueError(f"Invalid DST offset in {tz_str}") from e
else:
dst_offset = std_offset + 3600
if not start_end_str:
raise ValueError(f"Missing transition rules: {tz_str}")
start_end_strs = start_end_str[0].split(",", 1)
try:
start, end = (_parse_dst_start_end(x) for x in start_end_strs)
except ValueError as e:
raise ValueError(f"Invalid TZ string: {tz_str}") from e
return _TZStr(std_abbr, std_offset, dst_abbr, dst_offset, start, end)
elif start_end_str:
raise ValueError(f"Transition rule present without DST: {tz_str}")
else:
# This is a static ttinfo, don't return _TZStr
return _ttinfo(
_load_timedelta(std_offset), _load_timedelta(0), std_abbr
)
def _parse_dst_start_end(dststr):
date, *time = dststr.split("/")
if date[0] == "M":
n_is_julian = False
m = re.match(r"M(\d{1,2})\.(\d).(\d)$", date)
if m is None:
raise ValueError(f"Invalid dst start/end date: {dststr}")
date_offset = tuple(map(int, m.groups()))
offset = _CalendarOffset(*date_offset)
else:
if date[0] == "J":
n_is_julian = True
date = date[1:]
else:
n_is_julian = False
doy = int(date)
offset = _DayOffset(doy, n_is_julian)
if time:
time_components = list(map(int, time[0].split(":")))
n_components = len(time_components)
if n_components < 3:
time_components.extend([0] * (3 - n_components))
offset.hour, offset.minute, offset.second = time_components
return offset
def _parse_tz_delta(tz_delta):
match = re.match(
r"(?P<sign>[+-])?(?P<h>\d{1,2})(:(?P<m>\d{2})(:(?P<s>\d{2}))?)?",
tz_delta,
)
# Anything passed to this function should already have hit an equivalent
# regular expression to find the section to parse.
assert match is not None, tz_delta
h, m, s = (
int(v) if v is not None else 0
for v in map(match.group, ("h", "m", "s"))
)
total = h * 3600 + m * 60 + s
if not -86400 < total < 86400:
raise ValueError(
"Offset must be strictly between -24h and +24h:" + tz_delta
)
# Yes, +5 maps to an offset of -5h
if match.group("sign") != "-":
total *= -1
return total