1392 lines
44 KiB
Python
1392 lines
44 KiB
Python
"""Create portable serialized representations of Python objects.
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See module cPickle for a (much) faster implementation.
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See module copy_reg for a mechanism for registering custom picklers.
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See module pickletools source for extensive comments.
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Classes:
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Pickler
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Unpickler
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Functions:
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dump(object, file)
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dumps(object) -> string
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load(file) -> object
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loads(string) -> object
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Misc variables:
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__version__
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format_version
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compatible_formats
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"""
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__version__ = "$Revision: 72223 $" # Code version
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from types import *
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from copy_reg import dispatch_table
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from copy_reg import _extension_registry, _inverted_registry, _extension_cache
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import marshal
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import sys
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import struct
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import re
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__all__ = ["PickleError", "PicklingError", "UnpicklingError", "Pickler",
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"Unpickler", "dump", "dumps", "load", "loads"]
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# These are purely informational; no code uses these.
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format_version = "2.0" # File format version we write
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compatible_formats = ["1.0", # Original protocol 0
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"1.1", # Protocol 0 with INST added
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"1.2", # Original protocol 1
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"1.3", # Protocol 1 with BINFLOAT added
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"2.0", # Protocol 2
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] # Old format versions we can read
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# Keep in synch with cPickle. This is the highest protocol number we
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# know how to read.
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HIGHEST_PROTOCOL = 2
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# Why use struct.pack() for pickling but marshal.loads() for
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# unpickling? struct.pack() is 40% faster than marshal.dumps(), but
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# marshal.loads() is twice as fast as struct.unpack()!
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mloads = marshal.loads
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class PickleError(Exception):
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"""A common base class for the other pickling exceptions."""
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pass
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class PicklingError(PickleError):
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"""This exception is raised when an unpicklable object is passed to the
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dump() method.
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"""
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pass
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class UnpicklingError(PickleError):
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"""This exception is raised when there is a problem unpickling an object,
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such as a security violation.
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Note that other exceptions may also be raised during unpickling, including
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(but not necessarily limited to) AttributeError, EOFError, ImportError,
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and IndexError.
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"""
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pass
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# An instance of _Stop is raised by Unpickler.load_stop() in response to
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# the STOP opcode, passing the object that is the result of unpickling.
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class _Stop(Exception):
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def __init__(self, value):
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self.value = value
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# Jython has PyStringMap; it's a dict subclass with string keys
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try:
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from org.python.core import PyStringMap
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except ImportError:
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PyStringMap = None
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# UnicodeType may or may not be exported (normally imported from types)
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try:
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UnicodeType
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except NameError:
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UnicodeType = None
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# Pickle opcodes. See pickletools.py for extensive docs. The listing
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# here is in kind-of alphabetical order of 1-character pickle code.
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# pickletools groups them by purpose.
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MARK = '(' # push special markobject on stack
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STOP = '.' # every pickle ends with STOP
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POP = '0' # discard topmost stack item
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POP_MARK = '1' # discard stack top through topmost markobject
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DUP = '2' # duplicate top stack item
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FLOAT = 'F' # push float object; decimal string argument
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INT = 'I' # push integer or bool; decimal string argument
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BININT = 'J' # push four-byte signed int
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BININT1 = 'K' # push 1-byte unsigned int
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LONG = 'L' # push long; decimal string argument
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BININT2 = 'M' # push 2-byte unsigned int
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NONE = 'N' # push None
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PERSID = 'P' # push persistent object; id is taken from string arg
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BINPERSID = 'Q' # " " " ; " " " " stack
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REDUCE = 'R' # apply callable to argtuple, both on stack
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STRING = 'S' # push string; NL-terminated string argument
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BINSTRING = 'T' # push string; counted binary string argument
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SHORT_BINSTRING = 'U' # " " ; " " " " < 256 bytes
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UNICODE = 'V' # push Unicode string; raw-unicode-escaped'd argument
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BINUNICODE = 'X' # " " " ; counted UTF-8 string argument
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APPEND = 'a' # append stack top to list below it
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BUILD = 'b' # call __setstate__ or __dict__.update()
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GLOBAL = 'c' # push self.find_class(modname, name); 2 string args
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DICT = 'd' # build a dict from stack items
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EMPTY_DICT = '}' # push empty dict
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APPENDS = 'e' # extend list on stack by topmost stack slice
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GET = 'g' # push item from memo on stack; index is string arg
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BINGET = 'h' # " " " " " " ; " " 1-byte arg
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INST = 'i' # build & push class instance
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LONG_BINGET = 'j' # push item from memo on stack; index is 4-byte arg
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LIST = 'l' # build list from topmost stack items
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EMPTY_LIST = ']' # push empty list
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OBJ = 'o' # build & push class instance
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PUT = 'p' # store stack top in memo; index is string arg
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BINPUT = 'q' # " " " " " ; " " 1-byte arg
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LONG_BINPUT = 'r' # " " " " " ; " " 4-byte arg
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SETITEM = 's' # add key+value pair to dict
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TUPLE = 't' # build tuple from topmost stack items
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EMPTY_TUPLE = ')' # push empty tuple
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SETITEMS = 'u' # modify dict by adding topmost key+value pairs
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BINFLOAT = 'G' # push float; arg is 8-byte float encoding
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TRUE = 'I01\n' # not an opcode; see INT docs in pickletools.py
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FALSE = 'I00\n' # not an opcode; see INT docs in pickletools.py
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# Protocol 2
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PROTO = '\x80' # identify pickle protocol
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NEWOBJ = '\x81' # build object by applying cls.__new__ to argtuple
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EXT1 = '\x82' # push object from extension registry; 1-byte index
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EXT2 = '\x83' # ditto, but 2-byte index
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EXT4 = '\x84' # ditto, but 4-byte index
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TUPLE1 = '\x85' # build 1-tuple from stack top
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TUPLE2 = '\x86' # build 2-tuple from two topmost stack items
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TUPLE3 = '\x87' # build 3-tuple from three topmost stack items
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NEWTRUE = '\x88' # push True
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NEWFALSE = '\x89' # push False
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LONG1 = '\x8a' # push long from < 256 bytes
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LONG4 = '\x8b' # push really big long
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_tuplesize2code = [EMPTY_TUPLE, TUPLE1, TUPLE2, TUPLE3]
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__all__.extend([x for x in dir() if re.match("[A-Z][A-Z0-9_]+$",x)])
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del x
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# Pickling machinery
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class Pickler:
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def __init__(self, file, protocol=None):
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"""This takes a file-like object for writing a pickle data stream.
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The optional protocol argument tells the pickler to use the
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given protocol; supported protocols are 0, 1, 2. The default
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protocol is 0, to be backwards compatible. (Protocol 0 is the
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only protocol that can be written to a file opened in text
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mode and read back successfully. When using a protocol higher
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than 0, make sure the file is opened in binary mode, both when
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pickling and unpickling.)
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Protocol 1 is more efficient than protocol 0; protocol 2 is
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more efficient than protocol 1.
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Specifying a negative protocol version selects the highest
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protocol version supported. The higher the protocol used, the
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more recent the version of Python needed to read the pickle
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produced.
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The file parameter must have a write() method that accepts a single
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string argument. It can thus be an open file object, a StringIO
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object, or any other custom object that meets this interface.
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"""
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if protocol is None:
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protocol = 0
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if protocol < 0:
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protocol = HIGHEST_PROTOCOL
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elif not 0 <= protocol <= HIGHEST_PROTOCOL:
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raise ValueError("pickle protocol must be <= %d" % HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
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self.write = file.write
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self.memo = {}
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self.proto = int(protocol)
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self.bin = protocol >= 1
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self.fast = 0
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def clear_memo(self):
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"""Clears the pickler's "memo".
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The memo is the data structure that remembers which objects the
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pickler has already seen, so that shared or recursive objects are
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pickled by reference and not by value. This method is useful when
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re-using picklers.
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"""
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self.memo.clear()
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def dump(self, obj):
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"""Write a pickled representation of obj to the open file."""
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if self.proto >= 2:
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self.write(PROTO + chr(self.proto))
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self.save(obj)
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self.write(STOP)
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def memoize(self, obj):
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"""Store an object in the memo."""
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# The Pickler memo is a dictionary mapping object ids to 2-tuples
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# that contain the Unpickler memo key and the object being memoized.
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# The memo key is written to the pickle and will become
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# the key in the Unpickler's memo. The object is stored in the
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# Pickler memo so that transient objects are kept alive during
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# pickling.
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# The use of the Unpickler memo length as the memo key is just a
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# convention. The only requirement is that the memo values be unique.
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# But there appears no advantage to any other scheme, and this
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# scheme allows the Unpickler memo to be implemented as a plain (but
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# growable) array, indexed by memo key.
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if self.fast:
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return
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assert id(obj) not in self.memo
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memo_len = len(self.memo)
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self.write(self.put(memo_len))
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self.memo[id(obj)] = memo_len, obj
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# Return a PUT (BINPUT, LONG_BINPUT) opcode string, with argument i.
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def put(self, i, pack=struct.pack):
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if self.bin:
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if i < 256:
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return BINPUT + chr(i)
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else:
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return LONG_BINPUT + pack("<i", i)
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return PUT + repr(i) + '\n'
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# Return a GET (BINGET, LONG_BINGET) opcode string, with argument i.
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def get(self, i, pack=struct.pack):
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if self.bin:
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if i < 256:
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return BINGET + chr(i)
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else:
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return LONG_BINGET + pack("<i", i)
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return GET + repr(i) + '\n'
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def save(self, obj):
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# Check for persistent id (defined by a subclass)
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pid = self.persistent_id(obj)
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if pid is not None:
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self.save_pers(pid)
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return
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# Check the memo
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x = self.memo.get(id(obj))
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if x:
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self.write(self.get(x[0]))
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return
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# Check the type dispatch table
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t = type(obj)
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f = self.dispatch.get(t)
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if f:
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f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
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return
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# Check copy_reg.dispatch_table
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reduce = dispatch_table.get(t)
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if reduce:
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rv = reduce(obj)
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else:
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# Check for a class with a custom metaclass; treat as regular class
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try:
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issc = issubclass(t, TypeType)
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except TypeError: # t is not a class (old Boost; see SF #502085)
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issc = 0
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if issc:
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self.save_global(obj)
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return
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# Check for a __reduce_ex__ method, fall back to __reduce__
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reduce = getattr(obj, "__reduce_ex__", None)
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if reduce:
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rv = reduce(self.proto)
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else:
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reduce = getattr(obj, "__reduce__", None)
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if reduce:
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rv = reduce()
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else:
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raise PicklingError("Can't pickle %r object: %r" %
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(t.__name__, obj))
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# Check for string returned by reduce(), meaning "save as global"
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if type(rv) is StringType:
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self.save_global(obj, rv)
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return
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# Assert that reduce() returned a tuple
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if type(rv) is not TupleType:
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raise PicklingError("%s must return string or tuple" % reduce)
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# Assert that it returned an appropriately sized tuple
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l = len(rv)
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if not (2 <= l <= 5):
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raise PicklingError("Tuple returned by %s must have "
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"two to five elements" % reduce)
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# Save the reduce() output and finally memoize the object
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self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
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def persistent_id(self, obj):
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# This exists so a subclass can override it
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return None
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def save_pers(self, pid):
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# Save a persistent id reference
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if self.bin:
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self.save(pid)
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self.write(BINPERSID)
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else:
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self.write(PERSID + str(pid) + '\n')
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def save_reduce(self, func, args, state=None,
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listitems=None, dictitems=None, obj=None):
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# This API is called by some subclasses
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# Assert that args is a tuple or None
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if not isinstance(args, TupleType):
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raise PicklingError("args from reduce() should be a tuple")
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# Assert that func is callable
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if not hasattr(func, '__call__'):
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raise PicklingError("func from reduce should be callable")
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save = self.save
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write = self.write
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# Protocol 2 special case: if func's name is __newobj__, use NEWOBJ
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if self.proto >= 2 and getattr(func, "__name__", "") == "__newobj__":
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# A __reduce__ implementation can direct protocol 2 to
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# use the more efficient NEWOBJ opcode, while still
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# allowing protocol 0 and 1 to work normally. For this to
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# work, the function returned by __reduce__ should be
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# called __newobj__, and its first argument should be a
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# new-style class. The implementation for __newobj__
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# should be as follows, although pickle has no way to
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# verify this:
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#
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# def __newobj__(cls, *args):
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# return cls.__new__(cls, *args)
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#
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# Protocols 0 and 1 will pickle a reference to __newobj__,
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# while protocol 2 (and above) will pickle a reference to
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# cls, the remaining args tuple, and the NEWOBJ code,
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# which calls cls.__new__(cls, *args) at unpickling time
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# (see load_newobj below). If __reduce__ returns a
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# three-tuple, the state from the third tuple item will be
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# pickled regardless of the protocol, calling __setstate__
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# at unpickling time (see load_build below).
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#
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# Note that no standard __newobj__ implementation exists;
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# you have to provide your own. This is to enforce
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# compatibility with Python 2.2 (pickles written using
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# protocol 0 or 1 in Python 2.3 should be unpicklable by
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# Python 2.2).
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cls = args[0]
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if not hasattr(cls, "__new__"):
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raise PicklingError(
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"args[0] from __newobj__ args has no __new__")
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if obj is not None and cls is not obj.__class__:
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raise PicklingError(
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"args[0] from __newobj__ args has the wrong class")
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args = args[1:]
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save(cls)
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save(args)
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write(NEWOBJ)
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else:
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save(func)
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save(args)
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write(REDUCE)
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if obj is not None:
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self.memoize(obj)
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# More new special cases (that work with older protocols as
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# well): when __reduce__ returns a tuple with 4 or 5 items,
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# the 4th and 5th item should be iterators that provide list
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# items and dict items (as (key, value) tuples), or None.
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if listitems is not None:
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self._batch_appends(listitems)
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if dictitems is not None:
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self._batch_setitems(dictitems)
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if state is not None:
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save(state)
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write(BUILD)
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# Methods below this point are dispatched through the dispatch table
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dispatch = {}
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def save_none(self, obj):
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self.write(NONE)
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dispatch[NoneType] = save_none
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def save_bool(self, obj):
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if self.proto >= 2:
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self.write(obj and NEWTRUE or NEWFALSE)
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else:
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self.write(obj and TRUE or FALSE)
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dispatch[bool] = save_bool
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def save_int(self, obj, pack=struct.pack):
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if self.bin:
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# If the int is small enough to fit in a signed 4-byte 2's-comp
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# format, we can store it more efficiently than the general
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# case.
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# First one- and two-byte unsigned ints:
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if obj >= 0:
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if obj <= 0xff:
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self.write(BININT1 + chr(obj))
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return
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if obj <= 0xffff:
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self.write("%c%c%c" % (BININT2, obj&0xff, obj>>8))
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return
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# Next check for 4-byte signed ints:
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high_bits = obj >> 31 # note that Python shift sign-extends
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if high_bits == 0 or high_bits == -1:
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# All high bits are copies of bit 2**31, so the value
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# fits in a 4-byte signed int.
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self.write(BININT + pack("<i", obj))
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return
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# Text pickle, or int too big to fit in signed 4-byte format.
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self.write(INT + repr(obj) + '\n')
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dispatch[IntType] = save_int
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def save_long(self, obj, pack=struct.pack):
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if self.proto >= 2:
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bytes = encode_long(obj)
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n = len(bytes)
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if n < 256:
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self.write(LONG1 + chr(n) + bytes)
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else:
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self.write(LONG4 + pack("<i", n) + bytes)
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return
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self.write(LONG + repr(obj) + '\n')
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dispatch[LongType] = save_long
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def save_float(self, obj, pack=struct.pack):
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if self.bin:
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self.write(BINFLOAT + pack('>d', obj))
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else:
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self.write(FLOAT + repr(obj) + '\n')
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dispatch[FloatType] = save_float
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def save_string(self, obj, pack=struct.pack):
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if self.bin:
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n = len(obj)
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if n < 256:
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self.write(SHORT_BINSTRING + chr(n) + obj)
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else:
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self.write(BINSTRING + pack("<i", n) + obj)
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else:
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self.write(STRING + repr(obj) + '\n')
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self.memoize(obj)
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dispatch[StringType] = save_string
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def save_unicode(self, obj, pack=struct.pack):
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if self.bin:
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encoding = obj.encode('utf-8')
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n = len(encoding)
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self.write(BINUNICODE + pack("<i", n) + encoding)
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else:
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obj = obj.replace("\\", "\\u005c")
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obj = obj.replace("\n", "\\u000a")
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self.write(UNICODE + obj.encode('raw-unicode-escape') + '\n')
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|
self.memoize(obj)
|
|
dispatch[UnicodeType] = save_unicode
|
|
|
|
if StringType is UnicodeType:
|
|
# This is true for Jython
|
|
def save_string(self, obj, pack=struct.pack):
|
|
unicode = obj.isunicode()
|
|
|
|
if self.bin:
|
|
if unicode:
|
|
obj = obj.encode("utf-8")
|
|
l = len(obj)
|
|
if l < 256 and not unicode:
|
|
self.write(SHORT_BINSTRING + chr(l) + obj)
|
|
else:
|
|
s = pack("<i", l)
|
|
if unicode:
|
|
self.write(BINUNICODE + s + obj)
|
|
else:
|
|
self.write(BINSTRING + s + obj)
|
|
else:
|
|
if unicode:
|
|
obj = obj.replace("\\", "\\u005c")
|
|
obj = obj.replace("\n", "\\u000a")
|
|
obj = obj.encode('raw-unicode-escape')
|
|
self.write(UNICODE + obj + '\n')
|
|
else:
|
|
self.write(STRING + repr(obj) + '\n')
|
|
self.memoize(obj)
|
|
dispatch[StringType] = save_string
|
|
|
|
def save_tuple(self, obj):
|
|
write = self.write
|
|
proto = self.proto
|
|
|
|
n = len(obj)
|
|
if n == 0:
|
|
if proto:
|
|
write(EMPTY_TUPLE)
|
|
else:
|
|
write(MARK + TUPLE)
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
save = self.save
|
|
memo = self.memo
|
|
if n <= 3 and proto >= 2:
|
|
for element in obj:
|
|
save(element)
|
|
# Subtle. Same as in the big comment below.
|
|
if id(obj) in memo:
|
|
get = self.get(memo[id(obj)][0])
|
|
write(POP * n + get)
|
|
else:
|
|
write(_tuplesize2code[n])
|
|
self.memoize(obj)
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
# proto 0 or proto 1 and tuple isn't empty, or proto > 1 and tuple
|
|
# has more than 3 elements.
|
|
write(MARK)
|
|
for element in obj:
|
|
save(element)
|
|
|
|
if id(obj) in memo:
|
|
# Subtle. d was not in memo when we entered save_tuple(), so
|
|
# the process of saving the tuple's elements must have saved
|
|
# the tuple itself: the tuple is recursive. The proper action
|
|
# now is to throw away everything we put on the stack, and
|
|
# simply GET the tuple (it's already constructed). This check
|
|
# could have been done in the "for element" loop instead, but
|
|
# recursive tuples are a rare thing.
|
|
get = self.get(memo[id(obj)][0])
|
|
if proto:
|
|
write(POP_MARK + get)
|
|
else: # proto 0 -- POP_MARK not available
|
|
write(POP * (n+1) + get)
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
# No recursion.
|
|
self.write(TUPLE)
|
|
self.memoize(obj)
|
|
|
|
dispatch[TupleType] = save_tuple
|
|
|
|
# save_empty_tuple() isn't used by anything in Python 2.3. However, I
|
|
# found a Pickler subclass in Zope3 that calls it, so it's not harmless
|
|
# to remove it.
|
|
def save_empty_tuple(self, obj):
|
|
self.write(EMPTY_TUPLE)
|
|
|
|
def save_list(self, obj):
|
|
write = self.write
|
|
|
|
if self.bin:
|
|
write(EMPTY_LIST)
|
|
else: # proto 0 -- can't use EMPTY_LIST
|
|
write(MARK + LIST)
|
|
|
|
self.memoize(obj)
|
|
self._batch_appends(iter(obj))
|
|
|
|
dispatch[ListType] = save_list
|
|
|
|
# Keep in synch with cPickle's BATCHSIZE. Nothing will break if it gets
|
|
# out of synch, though.
|
|
_BATCHSIZE = 1000
|
|
|
|
def _batch_appends(self, items):
|
|
# Helper to batch up APPENDS sequences
|
|
save = self.save
|
|
write = self.write
|
|
|
|
if not self.bin:
|
|
for x in items:
|
|
save(x)
|
|
write(APPEND)
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
r = xrange(self._BATCHSIZE)
|
|
while items is not None:
|
|
tmp = []
|
|
for i in r:
|
|
try:
|
|
x = items.next()
|
|
tmp.append(x)
|
|
except StopIteration:
|
|
items = None
|
|
break
|
|
n = len(tmp)
|
|
if n > 1:
|
|
write(MARK)
|
|
for x in tmp:
|
|
save(x)
|
|
write(APPENDS)
|
|
elif n:
|
|
save(tmp[0])
|
|
write(APPEND)
|
|
# else tmp is empty, and we're done
|
|
|
|
def save_dict(self, obj):
|
|
write = self.write
|
|
|
|
if self.bin:
|
|
write(EMPTY_DICT)
|
|
else: # proto 0 -- can't use EMPTY_DICT
|
|
write(MARK + DICT)
|
|
|
|
self.memoize(obj)
|
|
self._batch_setitems(obj.iteritems())
|
|
|
|
dispatch[DictionaryType] = save_dict
|
|
if not PyStringMap is None:
|
|
dispatch[PyStringMap] = save_dict
|
|
|
|
def _batch_setitems(self, items):
|
|
# Helper to batch up SETITEMS sequences; proto >= 1 only
|
|
save = self.save
|
|
write = self.write
|
|
|
|
if not self.bin:
|
|
for k, v in items:
|
|
save(k)
|
|
save(v)
|
|
write(SETITEM)
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
r = xrange(self._BATCHSIZE)
|
|
while items is not None:
|
|
tmp = []
|
|
for i in r:
|
|
try:
|
|
tmp.append(items.next())
|
|
except StopIteration:
|
|
items = None
|
|
break
|
|
n = len(tmp)
|
|
if n > 1:
|
|
write(MARK)
|
|
for k, v in tmp:
|
|
save(k)
|
|
save(v)
|
|
write(SETITEMS)
|
|
elif n:
|
|
k, v = tmp[0]
|
|
save(k)
|
|
save(v)
|
|
write(SETITEM)
|
|
# else tmp is empty, and we're done
|
|
|
|
def save_inst(self, obj):
|
|
cls = obj.__class__
|
|
|
|
memo = self.memo
|
|
write = self.write
|
|
save = self.save
|
|
|
|
if hasattr(obj, '__getinitargs__'):
|
|
args = obj.__getinitargs__()
|
|
len(args) # XXX Assert it's a sequence
|
|
_keep_alive(args, memo)
|
|
else:
|
|
args = ()
|
|
|
|
write(MARK)
|
|
|
|
if self.bin:
|
|
save(cls)
|
|
for arg in args:
|
|
save(arg)
|
|
write(OBJ)
|
|
else:
|
|
for arg in args:
|
|
save(arg)
|
|
write(INST + cls.__module__ + '\n' + cls.__name__ + '\n')
|
|
|
|
self.memoize(obj)
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
getstate = obj.__getstate__
|
|
except AttributeError:
|
|
stuff = obj.__dict__
|
|
else:
|
|
stuff = getstate()
|
|
_keep_alive(stuff, memo)
|
|
save(stuff)
|
|
write(BUILD)
|
|
|
|
dispatch[InstanceType] = save_inst
|
|
|
|
def save_global(self, obj, name=None, pack=struct.pack):
|
|
write = self.write
|
|
memo = self.memo
|
|
|
|
if name is None:
|
|
name = obj.__name__
|
|
|
|
module = getattr(obj, "__module__", None)
|
|
if module is None:
|
|
module = whichmodule(obj, name)
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
__import__(module)
|
|
mod = sys.modules[module]
|
|
klass = getattr(mod, name)
|
|
except (ImportError, KeyError, AttributeError):
|
|
raise PicklingError(
|
|
"Can't pickle %r: it's not found as %s.%s" %
|
|
(obj, module, name))
|
|
else:
|
|
if klass is not obj:
|
|
raise PicklingError(
|
|
"Can't pickle %r: it's not the same object as %s.%s" %
|
|
(obj, module, name))
|
|
|
|
if self.proto >= 2:
|
|
code = _extension_registry.get((module, name))
|
|
if code:
|
|
assert code > 0
|
|
if code <= 0xff:
|
|
write(EXT1 + chr(code))
|
|
elif code <= 0xffff:
|
|
write("%c%c%c" % (EXT2, code&0xff, code>>8))
|
|
else:
|
|
write(EXT4 + pack("<i", code))
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
write(GLOBAL + module + '\n' + name + '\n')
|
|
self.memoize(obj)
|
|
|
|
dispatch[ClassType] = save_global
|
|
dispatch[FunctionType] = save_global
|
|
dispatch[BuiltinFunctionType] = save_global
|
|
dispatch[TypeType] = save_global
|
|
|
|
# Pickling helpers
|
|
|
|
def _keep_alive(x, memo):
|
|
"""Keeps a reference to the object x in the memo.
|
|
|
|
Because we remember objects by their id, we have
|
|
to assure that possibly temporary objects are kept
|
|
alive by referencing them.
|
|
We store a reference at the id of the memo, which should
|
|
normally not be used unless someone tries to deepcopy
|
|
the memo itself...
|
|
"""
|
|
try:
|
|
memo[id(memo)].append(x)
|
|
except KeyError:
|
|
# aha, this is the first one :-)
|
|
memo[id(memo)]=[x]
|
|
|
|
|
|
# A cache for whichmodule(), mapping a function object to the name of
|
|
# the module in which the function was found.
|
|
|
|
classmap = {} # called classmap for backwards compatibility
|
|
|
|
def whichmodule(func, funcname):
|
|
"""Figure out the module in which a function occurs.
|
|
|
|
Search sys.modules for the module.
|
|
Cache in classmap.
|
|
Return a module name.
|
|
If the function cannot be found, return "__main__".
|
|
"""
|
|
# Python functions should always get an __module__ from their globals.
|
|
mod = getattr(func, "__module__", None)
|
|
if mod is not None:
|
|
return mod
|
|
if func in classmap:
|
|
return classmap[func]
|
|
|
|
for name, module in sys.modules.items():
|
|
if module is None:
|
|
continue # skip dummy package entries
|
|
if name != '__main__' and getattr(module, funcname, None) is func:
|
|
break
|
|
else:
|
|
name = '__main__'
|
|
classmap[func] = name
|
|
return name
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Unpickling machinery
|
|
|
|
class Unpickler:
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, file):
|
|
"""This takes a file-like object for reading a pickle data stream.
|
|
|
|
The protocol version of the pickle is detected automatically, so no
|
|
proto argument is needed.
|
|
|
|
The file-like object must have two methods, a read() method that
|
|
takes an integer argument, and a readline() method that requires no
|
|
arguments. Both methods should return a string. Thus file-like
|
|
object can be a file object opened for reading, a StringIO object,
|
|
or any other custom object that meets this interface.
|
|
"""
|
|
self.readline = file.readline
|
|
self.read = file.read
|
|
self.memo = {}
|
|
|
|
def load(self):
|
|
"""Read a pickled object representation from the open file.
|
|
|
|
Return the reconstituted object hierarchy specified in the file.
|
|
"""
|
|
self.mark = object() # any new unique object
|
|
self.stack = []
|
|
self.append = self.stack.append
|
|
read = self.read
|
|
dispatch = self.dispatch
|
|
try:
|
|
while 1:
|
|
key = read(1)
|
|
dispatch[key](self)
|
|
except _Stop, stopinst:
|
|
return stopinst.value
|
|
|
|
# Return largest index k such that self.stack[k] is self.mark.
|
|
# If the stack doesn't contain a mark, eventually raises IndexError.
|
|
# This could be sped by maintaining another stack, of indices at which
|
|
# the mark appears. For that matter, the latter stack would suffice,
|
|
# and we wouldn't need to push mark objects on self.stack at all.
|
|
# Doing so is probably a good thing, though, since if the pickle is
|
|
# corrupt (or hostile) we may get a clue from finding self.mark embedded
|
|
# in unpickled objects.
|
|
def marker(self):
|
|
stack = self.stack
|
|
mark = self.mark
|
|
k = len(stack)-1
|
|
while stack[k] is not mark: k = k-1
|
|
return k
|
|
|
|
dispatch = {}
|
|
|
|
def load_eof(self):
|
|
raise EOFError
|
|
dispatch[''] = load_eof
|
|
|
|
def load_proto(self):
|
|
proto = ord(self.read(1))
|
|
if not 0 <= proto <= 2:
|
|
raise ValueError, "unsupported pickle protocol: %d" % proto
|
|
dispatch[PROTO] = load_proto
|
|
|
|
def load_persid(self):
|
|
pid = self.readline()[:-1]
|
|
self.append(self.persistent_load(pid))
|
|
dispatch[PERSID] = load_persid
|
|
|
|
def load_binpersid(self):
|
|
pid = self.stack.pop()
|
|
self.append(self.persistent_load(pid))
|
|
dispatch[BINPERSID] = load_binpersid
|
|
|
|
def load_none(self):
|
|
self.append(None)
|
|
dispatch[NONE] = load_none
|
|
|
|
def load_false(self):
|
|
self.append(False)
|
|
dispatch[NEWFALSE] = load_false
|
|
|
|
def load_true(self):
|
|
self.append(True)
|
|
dispatch[NEWTRUE] = load_true
|
|
|
|
def load_int(self):
|
|
data = self.readline()
|
|
if data == FALSE[1:]:
|
|
val = False
|
|
elif data == TRUE[1:]:
|
|
val = True
|
|
else:
|
|
try:
|
|
val = int(data)
|
|
except ValueError:
|
|
val = long(data)
|
|
self.append(val)
|
|
dispatch[INT] = load_int
|
|
|
|
def load_binint(self):
|
|
self.append(mloads('i' + self.read(4)))
|
|
dispatch[BININT] = load_binint
|
|
|
|
def load_binint1(self):
|
|
self.append(ord(self.read(1)))
|
|
dispatch[BININT1] = load_binint1
|
|
|
|
def load_binint2(self):
|
|
self.append(mloads('i' + self.read(2) + '\000\000'))
|
|
dispatch[BININT2] = load_binint2
|
|
|
|
def load_long(self):
|
|
self.append(long(self.readline()[:-1], 0))
|
|
dispatch[LONG] = load_long
|
|
|
|
def load_long1(self):
|
|
n = ord(self.read(1))
|
|
bytes = self.read(n)
|
|
self.append(decode_long(bytes))
|
|
dispatch[LONG1] = load_long1
|
|
|
|
def load_long4(self):
|
|
n = mloads('i' + self.read(4))
|
|
bytes = self.read(n)
|
|
self.append(decode_long(bytes))
|
|
dispatch[LONG4] = load_long4
|
|
|
|
def load_float(self):
|
|
self.append(float(self.readline()[:-1]))
|
|
dispatch[FLOAT] = load_float
|
|
|
|
def load_binfloat(self, unpack=struct.unpack):
|
|
self.append(unpack('>d', self.read(8))[0])
|
|
dispatch[BINFLOAT] = load_binfloat
|
|
|
|
def load_string(self):
|
|
rep = self.readline()[:-1]
|
|
for q in "\"'": # double or single quote
|
|
if rep.startswith(q):
|
|
if len(rep) < 2 or not rep.endswith(q):
|
|
raise ValueError, "insecure string pickle"
|
|
rep = rep[len(q):-len(q)]
|
|
break
|
|
else:
|
|
raise ValueError, "insecure string pickle"
|
|
self.append(rep.decode("string-escape"))
|
|
dispatch[STRING] = load_string
|
|
|
|
def load_binstring(self):
|
|
len = mloads('i' + self.read(4))
|
|
self.append(self.read(len))
|
|
dispatch[BINSTRING] = load_binstring
|
|
|
|
def load_unicode(self):
|
|
self.append(unicode(self.readline()[:-1],'raw-unicode-escape'))
|
|
dispatch[UNICODE] = load_unicode
|
|
|
|
def load_binunicode(self):
|
|
len = mloads('i' + self.read(4))
|
|
self.append(unicode(self.read(len),'utf-8'))
|
|
dispatch[BINUNICODE] = load_binunicode
|
|
|
|
def load_short_binstring(self):
|
|
len = ord(self.read(1))
|
|
self.append(self.read(len))
|
|
dispatch[SHORT_BINSTRING] = load_short_binstring
|
|
|
|
def load_tuple(self):
|
|
k = self.marker()
|
|
self.stack[k:] = [tuple(self.stack[k+1:])]
|
|
dispatch[TUPLE] = load_tuple
|
|
|
|
def load_empty_tuple(self):
|
|
self.stack.append(())
|
|
dispatch[EMPTY_TUPLE] = load_empty_tuple
|
|
|
|
def load_tuple1(self):
|
|
self.stack[-1] = (self.stack[-1],)
|
|
dispatch[TUPLE1] = load_tuple1
|
|
|
|
def load_tuple2(self):
|
|
self.stack[-2:] = [(self.stack[-2], self.stack[-1])]
|
|
dispatch[TUPLE2] = load_tuple2
|
|
|
|
def load_tuple3(self):
|
|
self.stack[-3:] = [(self.stack[-3], self.stack[-2], self.stack[-1])]
|
|
dispatch[TUPLE3] = load_tuple3
|
|
|
|
def load_empty_list(self):
|
|
self.stack.append([])
|
|
dispatch[EMPTY_LIST] = load_empty_list
|
|
|
|
def load_empty_dictionary(self):
|
|
self.stack.append({})
|
|
dispatch[EMPTY_DICT] = load_empty_dictionary
|
|
|
|
def load_list(self):
|
|
k = self.marker()
|
|
self.stack[k:] = [self.stack[k+1:]]
|
|
dispatch[LIST] = load_list
|
|
|
|
def load_dict(self):
|
|
k = self.marker()
|
|
d = {}
|
|
items = self.stack[k+1:]
|
|
for i in range(0, len(items), 2):
|
|
key = items[i]
|
|
value = items[i+1]
|
|
d[key] = value
|
|
self.stack[k:] = [d]
|
|
dispatch[DICT] = load_dict
|
|
|
|
# INST and OBJ differ only in how they get a class object. It's not
|
|
# only sensible to do the rest in a common routine, the two routines
|
|
# previously diverged and grew different bugs.
|
|
# klass is the class to instantiate, and k points to the topmost mark
|
|
# object, following which are the arguments for klass.__init__.
|
|
def _instantiate(self, klass, k):
|
|
args = tuple(self.stack[k+1:])
|
|
del self.stack[k:]
|
|
instantiated = 0
|
|
if (not args and
|
|
type(klass) is ClassType and
|
|
not hasattr(klass, "__getinitargs__")):
|
|
try:
|
|
value = _EmptyClass()
|
|
value.__class__ = klass
|
|
instantiated = 1
|
|
except RuntimeError:
|
|
# In restricted execution, assignment to inst.__class__ is
|
|
# prohibited
|
|
pass
|
|
if not instantiated:
|
|
try:
|
|
value = klass(*args)
|
|
except TypeError, err:
|
|
raise TypeError, "in constructor for %s: %s" % (
|
|
klass.__name__, str(err)), sys.exc_info()[2]
|
|
self.append(value)
|
|
|
|
def load_inst(self):
|
|
module = self.readline()[:-1]
|
|
name = self.readline()[:-1]
|
|
klass = self.find_class(module, name)
|
|
self._instantiate(klass, self.marker())
|
|
dispatch[INST] = load_inst
|
|
|
|
def load_obj(self):
|
|
# Stack is ... markobject classobject arg1 arg2 ...
|
|
k = self.marker()
|
|
klass = self.stack.pop(k+1)
|
|
self._instantiate(klass, k)
|
|
dispatch[OBJ] = load_obj
|
|
|
|
def load_newobj(self):
|
|
args = self.stack.pop()
|
|
cls = self.stack[-1]
|
|
obj = cls.__new__(cls, *args)
|
|
self.stack[-1] = obj
|
|
dispatch[NEWOBJ] = load_newobj
|
|
|
|
def load_global(self):
|
|
module = self.readline()[:-1]
|
|
name = self.readline()[:-1]
|
|
klass = self.find_class(module, name)
|
|
self.append(klass)
|
|
dispatch[GLOBAL] = load_global
|
|
|
|
def load_ext1(self):
|
|
code = ord(self.read(1))
|
|
self.get_extension(code)
|
|
dispatch[EXT1] = load_ext1
|
|
|
|
def load_ext2(self):
|
|
code = mloads('i' + self.read(2) + '\000\000')
|
|
self.get_extension(code)
|
|
dispatch[EXT2] = load_ext2
|
|
|
|
def load_ext4(self):
|
|
code = mloads('i' + self.read(4))
|
|
self.get_extension(code)
|
|
dispatch[EXT4] = load_ext4
|
|
|
|
def get_extension(self, code):
|
|
nil = []
|
|
obj = _extension_cache.get(code, nil)
|
|
if obj is not nil:
|
|
self.append(obj)
|
|
return
|
|
key = _inverted_registry.get(code)
|
|
if not key:
|
|
raise ValueError("unregistered extension code %d" % code)
|
|
obj = self.find_class(*key)
|
|
_extension_cache[code] = obj
|
|
self.append(obj)
|
|
|
|
def find_class(self, module, name):
|
|
# Subclasses may override this
|
|
__import__(module)
|
|
mod = sys.modules[module]
|
|
klass = getattr(mod, name)
|
|
return klass
|
|
|
|
def load_reduce(self):
|
|
stack = self.stack
|
|
args = stack.pop()
|
|
func = stack[-1]
|
|
value = func(*args)
|
|
stack[-1] = value
|
|
dispatch[REDUCE] = load_reduce
|
|
|
|
def load_pop(self):
|
|
del self.stack[-1]
|
|
dispatch[POP] = load_pop
|
|
|
|
def load_pop_mark(self):
|
|
k = self.marker()
|
|
del self.stack[k:]
|
|
dispatch[POP_MARK] = load_pop_mark
|
|
|
|
def load_dup(self):
|
|
self.append(self.stack[-1])
|
|
dispatch[DUP] = load_dup
|
|
|
|
def load_get(self):
|
|
self.append(self.memo[self.readline()[:-1]])
|
|
dispatch[GET] = load_get
|
|
|
|
def load_binget(self):
|
|
i = ord(self.read(1))
|
|
self.append(self.memo[repr(i)])
|
|
dispatch[BINGET] = load_binget
|
|
|
|
def load_long_binget(self):
|
|
i = mloads('i' + self.read(4))
|
|
self.append(self.memo[repr(i)])
|
|
dispatch[LONG_BINGET] = load_long_binget
|
|
|
|
def load_put(self):
|
|
self.memo[self.readline()[:-1]] = self.stack[-1]
|
|
dispatch[PUT] = load_put
|
|
|
|
def load_binput(self):
|
|
i = ord(self.read(1))
|
|
self.memo[repr(i)] = self.stack[-1]
|
|
dispatch[BINPUT] = load_binput
|
|
|
|
def load_long_binput(self):
|
|
i = mloads('i' + self.read(4))
|
|
self.memo[repr(i)] = self.stack[-1]
|
|
dispatch[LONG_BINPUT] = load_long_binput
|
|
|
|
def load_append(self):
|
|
stack = self.stack
|
|
value = stack.pop()
|
|
list = stack[-1]
|
|
list.append(value)
|
|
dispatch[APPEND] = load_append
|
|
|
|
def load_appends(self):
|
|
stack = self.stack
|
|
mark = self.marker()
|
|
list = stack[mark - 1]
|
|
list.extend(stack[mark + 1:])
|
|
del stack[mark:]
|
|
dispatch[APPENDS] = load_appends
|
|
|
|
def load_setitem(self):
|
|
stack = self.stack
|
|
value = stack.pop()
|
|
key = stack.pop()
|
|
dict = stack[-1]
|
|
dict[key] = value
|
|
dispatch[SETITEM] = load_setitem
|
|
|
|
def load_setitems(self):
|
|
stack = self.stack
|
|
mark = self.marker()
|
|
dict = stack[mark - 1]
|
|
for i in range(mark + 1, len(stack), 2):
|
|
dict[stack[i]] = stack[i + 1]
|
|
|
|
del stack[mark:]
|
|
dispatch[SETITEMS] = load_setitems
|
|
|
|
def load_build(self):
|
|
stack = self.stack
|
|
state = stack.pop()
|
|
inst = stack[-1]
|
|
setstate = getattr(inst, "__setstate__", None)
|
|
if setstate:
|
|
setstate(state)
|
|
return
|
|
slotstate = None
|
|
if isinstance(state, tuple) and len(state) == 2:
|
|
state, slotstate = state
|
|
if state:
|
|
try:
|
|
d = inst.__dict__
|
|
try:
|
|
for k, v in state.iteritems():
|
|
d[intern(k)] = v
|
|
# keys in state don't have to be strings
|
|
# don't blow up, but don't go out of our way
|
|
except TypeError:
|
|
d.update(state)
|
|
|
|
except RuntimeError:
|
|
# XXX In restricted execution, the instance's __dict__
|
|
# is not accessible. Use the old way of unpickling
|
|
# the instance variables. This is a semantic
|
|
# difference when unpickling in restricted
|
|
# vs. unrestricted modes.
|
|
# Note, however, that cPickle has never tried to do the
|
|
# .update() business, and always uses
|
|
# PyObject_SetItem(inst.__dict__, key, value) in a
|
|
# loop over state.items().
|
|
for k, v in state.items():
|
|
setattr(inst, k, v)
|
|
if slotstate:
|
|
for k, v in slotstate.items():
|
|
setattr(inst, k, v)
|
|
dispatch[BUILD] = load_build
|
|
|
|
def load_mark(self):
|
|
self.append(self.mark)
|
|
dispatch[MARK] = load_mark
|
|
|
|
def load_stop(self):
|
|
value = self.stack.pop()
|
|
raise _Stop(value)
|
|
dispatch[STOP] = load_stop
|
|
|
|
# Helper class for load_inst/load_obj
|
|
|
|
class _EmptyClass:
|
|
pass
|
|
|
|
# Encode/decode longs in linear time.
|
|
|
|
import binascii as _binascii
|
|
|
|
def encode_long(x):
|
|
r"""Encode a long to a two's complement little-endian binary string.
|
|
Note that 0L is a special case, returning an empty string, to save a
|
|
byte in the LONG1 pickling context.
|
|
|
|
>>> encode_long(0L)
|
|
''
|
|
>>> encode_long(255L)
|
|
'\xff\x00'
|
|
>>> encode_long(32767L)
|
|
'\xff\x7f'
|
|
>>> encode_long(-256L)
|
|
'\x00\xff'
|
|
>>> encode_long(-32768L)
|
|
'\x00\x80'
|
|
>>> encode_long(-128L)
|
|
'\x80'
|
|
>>> encode_long(127L)
|
|
'\x7f'
|
|
>>>
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
if x == 0:
|
|
return ''
|
|
if x > 0:
|
|
ashex = hex(x)
|
|
assert ashex.startswith("0x")
|
|
njunkchars = 2 + ashex.endswith('L')
|
|
nibbles = len(ashex) - njunkchars
|
|
if nibbles & 1:
|
|
# need an even # of nibbles for unhexlify
|
|
ashex = "0x0" + ashex[2:]
|
|
elif int(ashex[2], 16) >= 8:
|
|
# "looks negative", so need a byte of sign bits
|
|
ashex = "0x00" + ashex[2:]
|
|
else:
|
|
# Build the 256's-complement: (1L << nbytes) + x. The trick is
|
|
# to find the number of bytes in linear time (although that should
|
|
# really be a constant-time task).
|
|
ashex = hex(-x)
|
|
assert ashex.startswith("0x")
|
|
njunkchars = 2 + ashex.endswith('L')
|
|
nibbles = len(ashex) - njunkchars
|
|
if nibbles & 1:
|
|
# Extend to a full byte.
|
|
nibbles += 1
|
|
nbits = nibbles * 4
|
|
x += 1L << nbits
|
|
assert x > 0
|
|
ashex = hex(x)
|
|
njunkchars = 2 + ashex.endswith('L')
|
|
newnibbles = len(ashex) - njunkchars
|
|
if newnibbles < nibbles:
|
|
ashex = "0x" + "0" * (nibbles - newnibbles) + ashex[2:]
|
|
if int(ashex[2], 16) < 8:
|
|
# "looks positive", so need a byte of sign bits
|
|
ashex = "0xff" + ashex[2:]
|
|
|
|
if ashex.endswith('L'):
|
|
ashex = ashex[2:-1]
|
|
else:
|
|
ashex = ashex[2:]
|
|
assert len(ashex) & 1 == 0, (x, ashex)
|
|
binary = _binascii.unhexlify(ashex)
|
|
return binary[::-1]
|
|
|
|
def decode_long(data):
|
|
r"""Decode a long from a two's complement little-endian binary string.
|
|
|
|
>>> decode_long('')
|
|
0L
|
|
>>> decode_long("\xff\x00")
|
|
255L
|
|
>>> decode_long("\xff\x7f")
|
|
32767L
|
|
>>> decode_long("\x00\xff")
|
|
-256L
|
|
>>> decode_long("\x00\x80")
|
|
-32768L
|
|
>>> decode_long("\x80")
|
|
-128L
|
|
>>> decode_long("\x7f")
|
|
127L
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
nbytes = len(data)
|
|
if nbytes == 0:
|
|
return 0L
|
|
ashex = _binascii.hexlify(data[::-1])
|
|
n = long(ashex, 16) # quadratic time before Python 2.3; linear now
|
|
if data[-1] >= '\x80':
|
|
n -= 1L << (nbytes * 8)
|
|
return n
|
|
|
|
# Shorthands
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
from cStringIO import StringIO
|
|
except ImportError:
|
|
from StringIO import StringIO
|
|
|
|
def dump(obj, file, protocol=None):
|
|
Pickler(file, protocol).dump(obj)
|
|
|
|
def dumps(obj, protocol=None):
|
|
file = StringIO()
|
|
Pickler(file, protocol).dump(obj)
|
|
return file.getvalue()
|
|
|
|
def load(file):
|
|
return Unpickler(file).load()
|
|
|
|
def loads(str):
|
|
file = StringIO(str)
|
|
return Unpickler(file).load()
|
|
|
|
# Doctest
|
|
|
|
def _test():
|
|
import doctest
|
|
return doctest.testmod()
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
_test()
|