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cpython/Lib/test/test_inspect.py

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import builtins
import collections
import datetime
import functools
import importlib
import inspect
import io
import linecache
import os
from os.path import normcase
import _pickle
import pickle
import shutil
import sys
import types
import textwrap
import unicodedata
import unittest
import unittest.mock
import warnings
try:
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
except ImportError:
ThreadPoolExecutor = None
from test.support import run_unittest, cpython_only
from test.support import MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS, ALWAYS_EQ
from test.support.import_helper import DirsOnSysPath
from test.support.os_helper import TESTFN
from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_ok, assert_python_failure
from test import inspect_fodder as mod
from test import inspect_fodder2 as mod2
from test import support
from test.test_import import _ready_to_import
# Functions tested in this suite:
# ismodule, isclass, ismethod, isfunction, istraceback, isframe, iscode,
# isbuiltin, isroutine, isgenerator, isgeneratorfunction, getmembers,
# getdoc, getfile, getmodule, getsourcefile, getcomments, getsource,
# getclasstree, getargvalues, formatargspec, formatargvalues,
# currentframe, stack, trace, isdatadescriptor
# NOTE: There are some additional tests relating to interaction with
# zipimport in the test_zipimport_support test module.
modfile = mod.__file__
if modfile.endswith(('c', 'o')):
modfile = modfile[:-1]
# Normalize file names: on Windows, the case of file names of compiled
# modules depends on the path used to start the python executable.
modfile = normcase(modfile)
def revise(filename, *args):
return (normcase(filename),) + args
git = mod.StupidGit()
def signatures_with_lexicographic_keyword_only_parameters():
"""
Yields a whole bunch of functions with only keyword-only parameters,
where those parameters are always in lexicographically sorted order.
"""
parameters = ['a', 'bar', 'c', 'delta', 'ephraim', 'magical', 'yoyo', 'z']
for i in range(1, 2**len(parameters)):
p = []
bit = 1
for j in range(len(parameters)):
if i & (bit << j):
p.append(parameters[j])
fn_text = "def foo(*, " + ", ".join(p) + "): pass"
symbols = {}
exec(fn_text, symbols, symbols)
yield symbols['foo']
def unsorted_keyword_only_parameters_fn(*, throw, out, the, baby, with_,
the_, bathwater):
pass
unsorted_keyword_only_parameters = 'throw out the baby with_ the_ bathwater'.split()
class IsTestBase(unittest.TestCase):
predicates = set([inspect.isbuiltin, inspect.isclass, inspect.iscode,
inspect.isframe, inspect.isfunction, inspect.ismethod,
inspect.ismodule, inspect.istraceback,
inspect.isgenerator, inspect.isgeneratorfunction,
inspect.iscoroutine, inspect.iscoroutinefunction,
inspect.isasyncgen, inspect.isasyncgenfunction])
def istest(self, predicate, exp):
obj = eval(exp)
self.assertTrue(predicate(obj), '%s(%s)' % (predicate.__name__, exp))
for other in self.predicates - set([predicate]):
if (predicate == inspect.isgeneratorfunction or \
predicate == inspect.isasyncgenfunction or \
predicate == inspect.iscoroutinefunction) and \
other == inspect.isfunction:
continue
self.assertFalse(other(obj), 'not %s(%s)' % (other.__name__, exp))
def generator_function_example(self):
for i in range(2):
yield i
async def async_generator_function_example(self):
async for i in range(2):
yield i
async def coroutine_function_example(self):
return 'spam'
@types.coroutine
def gen_coroutine_function_example(self):
yield
return 'spam'
class TestPredicates(IsTestBase):
def test_excluding_predicates(self):
global tb
self.istest(inspect.isbuiltin, 'sys.exit')
self.istest(inspect.isbuiltin, '[].append')
self.istest(inspect.iscode, 'mod.spam.__code__')
try:
1/0
except:
tb = sys.exc_info()[2]
self.istest(inspect.isframe, 'tb.tb_frame')
self.istest(inspect.istraceback, 'tb')
if hasattr(types, 'GetSetDescriptorType'):
self.istest(inspect.isgetsetdescriptor,
'type(tb.tb_frame).f_locals')
else:
self.assertFalse(inspect.isgetsetdescriptor(type(tb.tb_frame).f_locals))
finally:
# Clear traceback and all the frames and local variables hanging to it.
tb = None
self.istest(inspect.isfunction, 'mod.spam')
self.istest(inspect.isfunction, 'mod.StupidGit.abuse')
self.istest(inspect.ismethod, 'git.argue')
self.istest(inspect.ismethod, 'mod.custom_method')
self.istest(inspect.ismodule, 'mod')
self.istest(inspect.isdatadescriptor, 'collections.defaultdict.default_factory')
self.istest(inspect.isgenerator, '(x for x in range(2))')
self.istest(inspect.isgeneratorfunction, 'generator_function_example')
self.istest(inspect.isasyncgen,
'async_generator_function_example(1)')
self.istest(inspect.isasyncgenfunction,
'async_generator_function_example')
with warnings.catch_warnings():
warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
self.istest(inspect.iscoroutine, 'coroutine_function_example(1)')
self.istest(inspect.iscoroutinefunction, 'coroutine_function_example')
if hasattr(types, 'MemberDescriptorType'):
self.istest(inspect.ismemberdescriptor, 'datetime.timedelta.days')
else:
self.assertFalse(inspect.ismemberdescriptor(datetime.timedelta.days))
def test_iscoroutine(self):
async_gen_coro = async_generator_function_example(1)
gen_coro = gen_coroutine_function_example(1)
coro = coroutine_function_example(1)
self.assertFalse(
inspect.iscoroutinefunction(gen_coroutine_function_example))
self.assertFalse(
inspect.iscoroutinefunction(
functools.partial(functools.partial(
gen_coroutine_function_example))))
self.assertFalse(inspect.iscoroutine(gen_coro))
self.assertTrue(
inspect.isgeneratorfunction(gen_coroutine_function_example))
self.assertTrue(
inspect.isgeneratorfunction(
functools.partial(functools.partial(
gen_coroutine_function_example))))
self.assertTrue(inspect.isgenerator(gen_coro))
self.assertTrue(
inspect.iscoroutinefunction(coroutine_function_example))
self.assertTrue(
inspect.iscoroutinefunction(
functools.partial(functools.partial(
coroutine_function_example))))
self.assertTrue(inspect.iscoroutine(coro))
self.assertFalse(
inspect.isgeneratorfunction(coroutine_function_example))
self.assertFalse(
inspect.isgeneratorfunction(
functools.partial(functools.partial(
coroutine_function_example))))
self.assertFalse(inspect.isgenerator(coro))
self.assertTrue(
inspect.isasyncgenfunction(async_generator_function_example))
self.assertTrue(
inspect.isasyncgenfunction(
functools.partial(functools.partial(
async_generator_function_example))))
self.assertTrue(inspect.isasyncgen(async_gen_coro))
coro.close(); gen_coro.close(); # silence warnings
def test_isawaitable(self):
def gen(): yield
self.assertFalse(inspect.isawaitable(gen()))
coro = coroutine_function_example(1)
gen_coro = gen_coroutine_function_example(1)
self.assertTrue(inspect.isawaitable(coro))
self.assertTrue(inspect.isawaitable(gen_coro))
class Future:
def __await__():
pass
self.assertTrue(inspect.isawaitable(Future()))
self.assertFalse(inspect.isawaitable(Future))
class NotFuture: pass
not_fut = NotFuture()
not_fut.__await__ = lambda: None
self.assertFalse(inspect.isawaitable(not_fut))
coro.close(); gen_coro.close() # silence warnings
def test_isroutine(self):
self.assertTrue(inspect.isroutine(mod.spam))
self.assertTrue(inspect.isroutine([].count))
def test_isclass(self):
self.istest(inspect.isclass, 'mod.StupidGit')
self.assertTrue(inspect.isclass(list))
class CustomGetattr(object):
def __getattr__(self, attr):
return None
self.assertFalse(inspect.isclass(CustomGetattr()))
def test_get_slot_members(self):
class C(object):
__slots__ = ("a", "b")
x = C()
x.a = 42
members = dict(inspect.getmembers(x))
self.assertIn('a', members)
self.assertNotIn('b', members)
def test_isabstract(self):
from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
class AbstractClassExample(metaclass=ABCMeta):
@abstractmethod
def foo(self):
pass
class ClassExample(AbstractClassExample):
def foo(self):
pass
a = ClassExample()
# Test general behaviour.
self.assertTrue(inspect.isabstract(AbstractClassExample))
self.assertFalse(inspect.isabstract(ClassExample))
self.assertFalse(inspect.isabstract(a))
self.assertFalse(inspect.isabstract(int))
self.assertFalse(inspect.isabstract(5))
def test_isabstract_during_init_subclass(self):
from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
isabstract_checks = []
class AbstractChecker(metaclass=ABCMeta):
def __init_subclass__(cls):
isabstract_checks.append(inspect.isabstract(cls))
class AbstractClassExample(AbstractChecker):
@abstractmethod
def foo(self):
pass
class ClassExample(AbstractClassExample):
def foo(self):
pass
self.assertEqual(isabstract_checks, [True, False])
isabstract_checks.clear()
class AbstractChild(AbstractClassExample):
pass
class AbstractGrandchild(AbstractChild):
pass
class ConcreteGrandchild(ClassExample):
pass
self.assertEqual(isabstract_checks, [True, True, False])
class TestInterpreterStack(IsTestBase):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
unittest.TestCase.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
git.abuse(7, 8, 9)
def test_abuse_done(self):
self.istest(inspect.istraceback, 'git.ex[2]')
self.istest(inspect.isframe, 'mod.fr')
def test_stack(self):
self.assertTrue(len(mod.st) >= 5)
self.assertEqual(revise(*mod.st[0][1:]),
(modfile, 16, 'eggs', [' st = inspect.stack()\n'], 0))
self.assertEqual(revise(*mod.st[1][1:]),
(modfile, 9, 'spam', [' eggs(b + d, c + f)\n'], 0))
self.assertEqual(revise(*mod.st[2][1:]),
(modfile, 43, 'argue', [' spam(a, b, c)\n'], 0))
self.assertEqual(revise(*mod.st[3][1:]),
(modfile, 39, 'abuse', [' self.argue(a, b, c)\n'], 0))
# Test named tuple fields
record = mod.st[0]
self.assertIs(record.frame, mod.fr)
self.assertEqual(record.lineno, 16)
self.assertEqual(record.filename, mod.__file__)
self.assertEqual(record.function, 'eggs')
self.assertIn('inspect.stack()', record.code_context[0])
self.assertEqual(record.index, 0)
def test_trace(self):
self.assertEqual(len(git.tr), 3)
self.assertEqual(revise(*git.tr[0][1:]),
(modfile, 43, 'argue', [' spam(a, b, c)\n'], 0))
self.assertEqual(revise(*git.tr[1][1:]),
(modfile, 9, 'spam', [' eggs(b + d, c + f)\n'], 0))
self.assertEqual(revise(*git.tr[2][1:]),
(modfile, 18, 'eggs', [' q = y / 0\n'], 0))
def test_frame(self):
args, varargs, varkw, locals = inspect.getargvalues(mod.fr)
self.assertEqual(args, ['x', 'y'])
self.assertEqual(varargs, None)
self.assertEqual(varkw, None)
self.assertEqual(locals, {'x': 11, 'p': 11, 'y': 14})
self.assertEqual(inspect.formatargvalues(args, varargs, varkw, locals),
'(x=11, y=14)')
def test_previous_frame(self):
args, varargs, varkw, locals = inspect.getargvalues(mod.fr.f_back)
self.assertEqual(args, ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'])
self.assertEqual(varargs, 'g')
self.assertEqual(varkw, 'h')
self.assertEqual(inspect.formatargvalues(args, varargs, varkw, locals),
'(a=7, b=8, c=9, d=3, e=4, f=5, *g=(), **h={})')
class GetSourceBase(unittest.TestCase):
# Subclasses must override.
fodderModule = None
def setUp(self):
with open(inspect.getsourcefile(self.fodderModule)) as fp:
self.source = fp.read()
def sourcerange(self, top, bottom):
lines = self.source.split("\n")
return "\n".join(lines[top-1:bottom]) + ("\n" if bottom else "")
def assertSourceEqual(self, obj, top, bottom):
self.assertEqual(inspect.getsource(obj),
self.sourcerange(top, bottom))
class SlotUser:
'Docstrings for __slots__'
__slots__ = {'power': 'measured in kilowatts',
'distance': 'measured in kilometers'}
class TestRetrievingSourceCode(GetSourceBase):
fodderModule = mod
def test_getclasses(self):
classes = inspect.getmembers(mod, inspect.isclass)
self.assertEqual(classes,
[('FesteringGob', mod.FesteringGob),
('MalodorousPervert', mod.MalodorousPervert),
('ParrotDroppings', mod.ParrotDroppings),
('StupidGit', mod.StupidGit),
('Tit', mod.MalodorousPervert),
('WhichComments', mod.WhichComments),
])
tree = inspect.getclasstree([cls[1] for cls in classes])
self.assertEqual(tree,
[(object, ()),
[(mod.ParrotDroppings, (object,)),
[(mod.FesteringGob, (mod.MalodorousPervert,
mod.ParrotDroppings))
],
(mod.StupidGit, (object,)),
[(mod.MalodorousPervert, (mod.StupidGit,)),
[(mod.FesteringGob, (mod.MalodorousPervert,
mod.ParrotDroppings))
]
],
(mod.WhichComments, (object,),)
]
])
tree = inspect.getclasstree([cls[1] for cls in classes], True)
self.assertEqual(tree,
[(object, ()),
[(mod.ParrotDroppings, (object,)),
(mod.StupidGit, (object,)),
[(mod.MalodorousPervert, (mod.StupidGit,)),
[(mod.FesteringGob, (mod.MalodorousPervert,
mod.ParrotDroppings))
]
],
(mod.WhichComments, (object,),)
]
])
def test_getfunctions(self):
functions = inspect.getmembers(mod, inspect.isfunction)
self.assertEqual(functions, [('eggs', mod.eggs),
('lobbest', mod.lobbest),
('spam', mod.spam)])
@unittest.skipIf(sys.flags.optimize >= 2,
"Docstrings are omitted with -O2 and above")
def test_getdoc(self):
self.assertEqual(inspect.getdoc(mod), 'A module docstring.')
self.assertEqual(inspect.getdoc(mod.StupidGit),
'A longer,\n\nindented\n\ndocstring.')
self.assertEqual(inspect.getdoc(git.abuse),
'Another\n\ndocstring\n\ncontaining\n\ntabs')
self.assertEqual(inspect.getdoc(SlotUser.power),
'measured in kilowatts')
self.assertEqual(inspect.getdoc(SlotUser.distance),
'measured in kilometers')
@unittest.skipIf(sys.flags.optimize >= 2,
"Docstrings are omitted with -O2 and above")
def test_getdoc_inherited(self):
self.assertEqual(inspect.getdoc(mod.FesteringGob),
'A longer,\n\nindented\n\ndocstring.')
self.assertEqual(inspect.getdoc(mod.FesteringGob.abuse),
'Another\n\ndocstring\n\ncontaining\n\ntabs')
self.assertEqual(inspect.getdoc(mod.FesteringGob().abuse),
'Another\n\ndocstring\n\ncontaining\n\ntabs')
self.assertEqual(inspect.getdoc(mod.FesteringGob.contradiction),
'The automatic gainsaying.')
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS, "test requires docstrings")
def test_finddoc(self):
finddoc = inspect._finddoc
self.assertEqual(finddoc(int), int.__doc__)
self.assertEqual(finddoc(int.to_bytes), int.to_bytes.__doc__)
self.assertEqual(finddoc(int().to_bytes), int.to_bytes.__doc__)
self.assertEqual(finddoc(int.from_bytes), int.from_bytes.__doc__)
self.assertEqual(finddoc(int.real), int.real.__doc__)
def test_cleandoc(self):
self.assertEqual(inspect.cleandoc('An\n indented\n docstring.'),
'An\nindented\ndocstring.')
def test_getcomments(self):
self.assertEqual(inspect.getcomments(mod), '# line 1\n')
self.assertEqual(inspect.getcomments(mod.StupidGit), '# line 20\n')
self.assertEqual(inspect.getcomments(mod2.cls160), '# line 159\n')
# If the object source file is not available, return None.
co = compile('x=1', '_non_existing_filename.py', 'exec')
self.assertIsNone(inspect.getcomments(co))
# If the object has been defined in C, return None.
self.assertIsNone(inspect.getcomments(list))
def test_getmodule(self):
# Check actual module
self.assertEqual(inspect.getmodule(mod), mod)
# Check class (uses __module__ attribute)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getmodule(mod.StupidGit), mod)
# Check a method (no __module__ attribute, falls back to filename)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getmodule(mod.StupidGit.abuse), mod)
# Do it again (check the caching isn't broken)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getmodule(mod.StupidGit.abuse), mod)
# Check a builtin
self.assertEqual(inspect.getmodule(str), sys.modules["builtins"])
# Check filename override
self.assertEqual(inspect.getmodule(None, modfile), mod)
def test_getframeinfo_get_first_line(self):
frame_info = inspect.getframeinfo(self.fodderModule.fr, 50)
self.assertEqual(frame_info.code_context[0], "# line 1\n")
self.assertEqual(frame_info.code_context[1], "'A module docstring.'\n")
def test_getsource(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(git.abuse, 29, 39)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod.StupidGit, 21, 51)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod.lobbest, 75, 76)
def test_getsourcefile(self):
self.assertEqual(normcase(inspect.getsourcefile(mod.spam)), modfile)
self.assertEqual(normcase(inspect.getsourcefile(git.abuse)), modfile)
fn = "_non_existing_filename_used_for_sourcefile_test.py"
co = compile("x=1", fn, "exec")
self.assertEqual(inspect.getsourcefile(co), None)
linecache.cache[co.co_filename] = (1, None, "None", co.co_filename)
try:
self.assertEqual(normcase(inspect.getsourcefile(co)), fn)
finally:
del linecache.cache[co.co_filename]
def test_getfile(self):
self.assertEqual(inspect.getfile(mod.StupidGit), mod.__file__)
def test_getfile_builtin_module(self):
with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as e:
inspect.getfile(sys)
self.assertTrue(str(e.exception).startswith('<module'))
def test_getfile_builtin_class(self):
with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as e:
inspect.getfile(int)
self.assertTrue(str(e.exception).startswith('<class'))
def test_getfile_builtin_function_or_method(self):
with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as e_abs:
inspect.getfile(abs)
self.assertIn('expected, got', str(e_abs.exception))
with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as e_append:
inspect.getfile(list.append)
self.assertIn('expected, got', str(e_append.exception))
def test_getfile_class_without_module(self):
class CM(type):
@property
def __module__(cls):
raise AttributeError
class C(metaclass=CM):
pass
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
inspect.getfile(C)
def test_getfile_broken_repr(self):
class ErrorRepr:
def __repr__(self):
raise Exception('xyz')
er = ErrorRepr()
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
inspect.getfile(er)
def test_getmodule_recursion(self):
from types import ModuleType
name = '__inspect_dummy'
m = sys.modules[name] = ModuleType(name)
m.__file__ = "<string>" # hopefully not a real filename...
m.__loader__ = "dummy" # pretend the filename is understood by a loader
exec("def x(): pass", m.__dict__)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getsourcefile(m.x.__code__), '<string>')
del sys.modules[name]
inspect.getmodule(compile('a=10','','single'))
def test_proceed_with_fake_filename(self):
'''doctest monkeypatches linecache to enable inspection'''
fn, source = '<test>', 'def x(): pass\n'
getlines = linecache.getlines
def monkey(filename, module_globals=None):
if filename == fn:
return source.splitlines(keepends=True)
else:
return getlines(filename, module_globals)
linecache.getlines = monkey
try:
ns = {}
exec(compile(source, fn, 'single'), ns)
inspect.getsource(ns["x"])
finally:
linecache.getlines = getlines
def test_getsource_on_code_object(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod.eggs.__code__, 12, 18)
class TestGettingSourceOfToplevelFrames(GetSourceBase):
fodderModule = mod
def test_range_toplevel_frame(self):
self.maxDiff = None
self.assertSourceEqual(mod.currentframe, 1, None)
def test_range_traceback_toplevel_frame(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod.tb, 1, None)
class TestDecorators(GetSourceBase):
fodderModule = mod2
def test_wrapped_decorator(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.wrapped, 14, 17)
def test_replacing_decorator(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.gone, 9, 10)
def test_getsource_unwrap(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.real, 130, 132)
def test_decorator_with_lambda(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.func114, 113, 115)
class TestOneliners(GetSourceBase):
fodderModule = mod2
def test_oneline_lambda(self):
# Test inspect.getsource with a one-line lambda function.
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.oll, 25, 25)
def test_threeline_lambda(self):
# Test inspect.getsource with a three-line lambda function,
# where the second and third lines are _not_ indented.
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.tll, 28, 30)
def test_twoline_indented_lambda(self):
# Test inspect.getsource with a two-line lambda function,
# where the second line _is_ indented.
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.tlli, 33, 34)
def test_onelinefunc(self):
# Test inspect.getsource with a regular one-line function.
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.onelinefunc, 37, 37)
def test_manyargs(self):
# Test inspect.getsource with a regular function where
# the arguments are on two lines and _not_ indented and
# the body on the second line with the last arguments.
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.manyargs, 40, 41)
def test_twolinefunc(self):
# Test inspect.getsource with a regular function where
# the body is on two lines, following the argument list and
# continued on the next line by a \\.
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.twolinefunc, 44, 45)
def test_lambda_in_list(self):
# Test inspect.getsource with a one-line lambda function
# defined in a list, indented.
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.a[1], 49, 49)
def test_anonymous(self):
# Test inspect.getsource with a lambda function defined
# as argument to another function.
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.anonymous, 55, 55)
class TestBlockComments(GetSourceBase):
fodderModule = mod
def test_toplevel_class(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod.WhichComments, 96, 114)
def test_class_method(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod.WhichComments.f, 99, 104)
def test_class_async_method(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod.WhichComments.asyncf, 109, 112)
class TestBuggyCases(GetSourceBase):
fodderModule = mod2
def test_with_comment(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.with_comment, 58, 59)
def test_multiline_sig(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.multiline_sig[0], 63, 64)
def test_nested_class(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.func69().func71, 71, 72)
def test_one_liner_followed_by_non_name(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.func77, 77, 77)
def test_one_liner_dedent_non_name(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls82.func83, 83, 83)
def test_with_comment_instead_of_docstring(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.func88, 88, 90)
def test_method_in_dynamic_class(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.method_in_dynamic_class, 95, 97)
# This should not skip for CPython, but might on a repackaged python where
# unicodedata is not an external module, or on pypy.
@unittest.skipIf(not hasattr(unicodedata, '__file__') or
unicodedata.__file__.endswith('.py'),
"unicodedata is not an external binary module")
def test_findsource_binary(self):
self.assertRaises(OSError, inspect.getsource, unicodedata)
self.assertRaises(OSError, inspect.findsource, unicodedata)
def test_findsource_code_in_linecache(self):
lines = ["x=1"]
co = compile(lines[0], "_dynamically_created_file", "exec")
self.assertRaises(OSError, inspect.findsource, co)
self.assertRaises(OSError, inspect.getsource, co)
linecache.cache[co.co_filename] = (1, None, lines, co.co_filename)
try:
self.assertEqual(inspect.findsource(co), (lines,0))
self.assertEqual(inspect.getsource(co), lines[0])
finally:
del linecache.cache[co.co_filename]
def test_findsource_without_filename(self):
for fname in ['', '<string>']:
co = compile('x=1', fname, "exec")
self.assertRaises(IOError, inspect.findsource, co)
self.assertRaises(IOError, inspect.getsource, co)
def test_findsource_with_out_of_bounds_lineno(self):
mod_len = len(inspect.getsource(mod))
src = '\n' * 2* mod_len + "def f(): pass"
co = compile(src, mod.__file__, "exec")
g, l = {}, {}
eval(co, g, l)
func = l['f']
self.assertEqual(func.__code__.co_firstlineno, 1+2*mod_len)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(IOError, "lineno is out of bounds"):
inspect.findsource(func)
def test_getsource_on_method(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.ClassWithMethod.method, 118, 119)
def test_nested_func(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls135.func136, 136, 139)
def test_class_definition_in_multiline_string_definition(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls149, 149, 152)
def test_class_definition_in_multiline_comment(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls160, 160, 163)
def test_nested_class_definition_indented_string(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls173.cls175, 175, 176)
def test_nested_class_definition(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls183, 183, 188)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls183.cls185, 185, 188)
def test_class_decorator(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls196, 194, 201)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls196.cls200, 198, 201)
def test_class_inside_conditional(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls238, 238, 240)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls238.cls239, 239, 240)
def test_multiple_children_classes(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls203, 203, 209)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls203.cls204, 204, 206)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls203.cls204.cls205, 205, 206)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls203.cls207, 207, 209)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls203.cls207.cls205, 208, 209)
def test_nested_class_definition_inside_function(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.func212(), 213, 214)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls213, 218, 222)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls213().func219(), 220, 221)
def test_nested_class_definition_inside_async_function(self):
import asyncio
self.addCleanup(asyncio.set_event_loop_policy, None)
self.assertSourceEqual(asyncio.run(mod2.func225()), 226, 227)
self.assertSourceEqual(mod2.cls226, 231, 235)
self.assertSourceEqual(asyncio.run(mod2.cls226().func232()), 233, 234)
class TestNoEOL(GetSourceBase):
def setUp(self):
self.tempdir = TESTFN + '_dir'
os.mkdir(self.tempdir)
with open(os.path.join(self.tempdir,
'inspect_fodder3%spy' % os.extsep), 'w') as f:
f.write("class X:\n pass # No EOL")
with DirsOnSysPath(self.tempdir):
import inspect_fodder3 as mod3
self.fodderModule = mod3
super().setUp()
def tearDown(self):
shutil.rmtree(self.tempdir)
def test_class(self):
self.assertSourceEqual(self.fodderModule.X, 1, 2)
class _BrokenDataDescriptor(object):
"""
A broken data descriptor. See bug #1785.
"""
def __get__(*args):
raise AttributeError("broken data descriptor")
def __set__(*args):
raise RuntimeError
def __getattr__(*args):
raise AttributeError("broken data descriptor")
class _BrokenMethodDescriptor(object):
"""
A broken method descriptor. See bug #1785.
"""
def __get__(*args):
raise AttributeError("broken method descriptor")
def __getattr__(*args):
raise AttributeError("broken method descriptor")
# Helper for testing classify_class_attrs.
def attrs_wo_objs(cls):
return [t[:3] for t in inspect.classify_class_attrs(cls)]
class TestClassesAndFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
def test_newstyle_mro(self):
# The same w/ new-class MRO.
class A(object): pass
class B(A): pass
class C(A): pass
class D(B, C): pass
expected = (D, B, C, A, object)
got = inspect.getmro(D)
self.assertEqual(expected, got)
def assertArgSpecEquals(self, routine, args_e, varargs_e=None,
varkw_e=None, defaults_e=None, formatted=None):
with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
args, varargs, varkw, defaults = inspect.getargspec(routine)
self.assertEqual(args, args_e)
self.assertEqual(varargs, varargs_e)
self.assertEqual(varkw, varkw_e)
self.assertEqual(defaults, defaults_e)
if formatted is not None:
with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
self.assertEqual(inspect.formatargspec(args, varargs, varkw, defaults),
formatted)
def assertFullArgSpecEquals(self, routine, args_e, varargs_e=None,
varkw_e=None, defaults_e=None,
posonlyargs_e=[], kwonlyargs_e=[],
kwonlydefaults_e=None,
ann_e={}, formatted=None):
args, varargs, varkw, defaults, kwonlyargs, kwonlydefaults, ann = \
inspect.getfullargspec(routine)
self.assertEqual(args, args_e)
self.assertEqual(varargs, varargs_e)
self.assertEqual(varkw, varkw_e)
self.assertEqual(defaults, defaults_e)
self.assertEqual(kwonlyargs, kwonlyargs_e)
self.assertEqual(kwonlydefaults, kwonlydefaults_e)
self.assertEqual(ann, ann_e)
if formatted is not None:
with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
self.assertEqual(inspect.formatargspec(args, varargs, varkw, defaults,
kwonlyargs, kwonlydefaults, ann),
formatted)
def test_getargspec(self):
self.assertArgSpecEquals(mod.eggs, ['x', 'y'], formatted='(x, y)')
self.assertArgSpecEquals(mod.spam,
['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'],
'g', 'h', (3, 4, 5),
'(a, b, c, d=3, e=4, f=5, *g, **h)')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.assertArgSpecEquals,
mod2.keyworded, [])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.assertArgSpecEquals,
mod2.annotated, [])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.assertArgSpecEquals,
mod2.keyword_only_arg, [])
def test_getfullargspec(self):
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(mod2.keyworded, [], varargs_e='arg1',
kwonlyargs_e=['arg2'],
kwonlydefaults_e={'arg2':1},
formatted='(*arg1, arg2=1)')
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(mod2.annotated, ['arg1'],
ann_e={'arg1' : list},
formatted="(arg1: list)")
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(mod2.keyword_only_arg, [],
kwonlyargs_e=['arg'],
formatted='(*, arg)')
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(mod2.all_markers, ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'],
kwonlyargs_e=['e', 'f'],
formatted='(a, b, c, d, *, e, f)')
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(mod2.all_markers_with_args_and_kwargs,
['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'],
varargs_e='args',
varkw_e='kwargs',
kwonlyargs_e=['e', 'f'],
formatted='(a, b, c, d, *args, e, f, **kwargs)')
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(mod2.all_markers_with_defaults, ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'],
defaults_e=(1,2,3),
kwonlyargs_e=['e', 'f'],
kwonlydefaults_e={'e': 4, 'f': 5},
formatted='(a, b=1, c=2, d=3, *, e=4, f=5)')
def test_argspec_api_ignores_wrapped(self):
# Issue 20684: low level introspection API must ignore __wrapped__
@functools.wraps(mod.spam)
def ham(x, y):
pass
# Basic check
self.assertArgSpecEquals(ham, ['x', 'y'], formatted='(x, y)')
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(ham, ['x', 'y'], formatted='(x, y)')
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(functools.partial(ham),
['x', 'y'], formatted='(x, y)')
# Other variants
def check_method(f):
self.assertArgSpecEquals(f, ['self', 'x', 'y'],
formatted='(self, x, y)')
class C:
@functools.wraps(mod.spam)
def ham(self, x, y):
pass
pham = functools.partialmethod(ham)
@functools.wraps(mod.spam)
def __call__(self, x, y):
pass
check_method(C())
check_method(C.ham)
check_method(C().ham)
check_method(C.pham)
check_method(C().pham)
class C_new:
@functools.wraps(mod.spam)
def __new__(self, x, y):
pass
check_method(C_new)
class C_init:
@functools.wraps(mod.spam)
def __init__(self, x, y):
pass
check_method(C_init)
def test_getfullargspec_signature_attr(self):
def test():
pass
spam_param = inspect.Parameter('spam', inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
test.__signature__ = inspect.Signature(parameters=(spam_param,))
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(test, ['spam'], formatted='(spam)')
def test_getfullargspec_signature_annos(self):
def test(a:'spam') -> 'ham': pass
spec = inspect.getfullargspec(test)
self.assertEqual(test.__annotations__, spec.annotations)
def test(): pass
spec = inspect.getfullargspec(test)
self.assertEqual(test.__annotations__, spec.annotations)
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_getfullargspec_builtin_methods(self):
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(_pickle.Pickler.dump, ['self', 'obj'],
formatted='(self, obj)')
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(_pickle.Pickler(io.BytesIO()).dump, ['self', 'obj'],
formatted='(self, obj)')
self.assertFullArgSpecEquals(
os.stat,
args_e=['path'],
kwonlyargs_e=['dir_fd', 'follow_symlinks'],
kwonlydefaults_e={'dir_fd': None, 'follow_symlinks': True},
formatted='(path, *, dir_fd=None, follow_symlinks=True)')
@cpython_only
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_getfullargspec_builtin_func(self):
import _testcapi
builtin = _testcapi.docstring_with_signature_with_defaults
spec = inspect.getfullargspec(builtin)
self.assertEqual(spec.defaults[0], 'avocado')
@cpython_only
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_getfullargspec_builtin_func_no_signature(self):
import _testcapi
builtin = _testcapi.docstring_no_signature
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
inspect.getfullargspec(builtin)
def test_getfullargspec_definition_order_preserved_on_kwonly(self):
for fn in signatures_with_lexicographic_keyword_only_parameters():
signature = inspect.getfullargspec(fn)
l = list(signature.kwonlyargs)
sorted_l = sorted(l)
self.assertTrue(l)
self.assertEqual(l, sorted_l)
signature = inspect.getfullargspec(unsorted_keyword_only_parameters_fn)
l = list(signature.kwonlyargs)
self.assertEqual(l, unsorted_keyword_only_parameters)
def test_getargspec_method(self):
class A(object):
def m(self):
pass
self.assertArgSpecEquals(A.m, ['self'])
def test_classify_newstyle(self):
class A(object):
def s(): pass
s = staticmethod(s)
def c(cls): pass
c = classmethod(c)
def getp(self): pass
p = property(getp)
def m(self): pass
def m1(self): pass
datablob = '1'
dd = _BrokenDataDescriptor()
md = _BrokenMethodDescriptor()
attrs = attrs_wo_objs(A)
self.assertIn(('__new__', 'static method', object), attrs,
'missing __new__')
self.assertIn(('__init__', 'method', object), attrs, 'missing __init__')
self.assertIn(('s', 'static method', A), attrs, 'missing static method')
self.assertIn(('c', 'class method', A), attrs, 'missing class method')
self.assertIn(('p', 'property', A), attrs, 'missing property')
self.assertIn(('m', 'method', A), attrs,
'missing plain method: %r' % attrs)
self.assertIn(('m1', 'method', A), attrs, 'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('datablob', 'data', A), attrs, 'missing data')
self.assertIn(('md', 'method', A), attrs, 'missing method descriptor')
self.assertIn(('dd', 'data', A), attrs, 'missing data descriptor')
class B(A):
def m(self): pass
attrs = attrs_wo_objs(B)
self.assertIn(('s', 'static method', A), attrs, 'missing static method')
self.assertIn(('c', 'class method', A), attrs, 'missing class method')
self.assertIn(('p', 'property', A), attrs, 'missing property')
self.assertIn(('m', 'method', B), attrs, 'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('m1', 'method', A), attrs, 'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('datablob', 'data', A), attrs, 'missing data')
self.assertIn(('md', 'method', A), attrs, 'missing method descriptor')
self.assertIn(('dd', 'data', A), attrs, 'missing data descriptor')
class C(A):
def m(self): pass
def c(self): pass
attrs = attrs_wo_objs(C)
self.assertIn(('s', 'static method', A), attrs, 'missing static method')
self.assertIn(('c', 'method', C), attrs, 'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('p', 'property', A), attrs, 'missing property')
self.assertIn(('m', 'method', C), attrs, 'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('m1', 'method', A), attrs, 'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('datablob', 'data', A), attrs, 'missing data')
self.assertIn(('md', 'method', A), attrs, 'missing method descriptor')
self.assertIn(('dd', 'data', A), attrs, 'missing data descriptor')
class D(B, C):
def m1(self): pass
attrs = attrs_wo_objs(D)
self.assertIn(('s', 'static method', A), attrs, 'missing static method')
self.assertIn(('c', 'method', C), attrs, 'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('p', 'property', A), attrs, 'missing property')
self.assertIn(('m', 'method', B), attrs, 'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('m1', 'method', D), attrs, 'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('datablob', 'data', A), attrs, 'missing data')
self.assertIn(('md', 'method', A), attrs, 'missing method descriptor')
self.assertIn(('dd', 'data', A), attrs, 'missing data descriptor')
def test_classify_builtin_types(self):
# Simple sanity check that all built-in types can have their
# attributes classified.
for name in dir(__builtins__):
builtin = getattr(__builtins__, name)
if isinstance(builtin, type):
inspect.classify_class_attrs(builtin)
attrs = attrs_wo_objs(bool)
self.assertIn(('__new__', 'static method', bool), attrs,
'missing __new__')
self.assertIn(('from_bytes', 'class method', int), attrs,
'missing class method')
self.assertIn(('to_bytes', 'method', int), attrs,
'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('__add__', 'method', int), attrs,
'missing plain method')
self.assertIn(('__and__', 'method', bool), attrs,
'missing plain method')
def test_classify_DynamicClassAttribute(self):
class Meta(type):
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name == 'ham':
return 'spam'
return super().__getattr__(name)
class VA(metaclass=Meta):
@types.DynamicClassAttribute
def ham(self):
return 'eggs'
should_find_dca = inspect.Attribute('ham', 'data', VA, VA.__dict__['ham'])
self.assertIn(should_find_dca, inspect.classify_class_attrs(VA))
should_find_ga = inspect.Attribute('ham', 'data', Meta, 'spam')
self.assertIn(should_find_ga, inspect.classify_class_attrs(VA))
def test_classify_overrides_bool(self):
class NoBool(object):
def __eq__(self, other):
return NoBool()
def __bool__(self):
raise NotImplementedError(
"This object does not specify a boolean value")
class HasNB(object):
dd = NoBool()
should_find_attr = inspect.Attribute('dd', 'data', HasNB, HasNB.dd)
self.assertIn(should_find_attr, inspect.classify_class_attrs(HasNB))
def test_classify_metaclass_class_attribute(self):
class Meta(type):
fish = 'slap'
def __dir__(self):
return ['__class__', '__module__', '__name__', 'fish']
class Class(metaclass=Meta):
pass
should_find = inspect.Attribute('fish', 'data', Meta, 'slap')
self.assertIn(should_find, inspect.classify_class_attrs(Class))
def test_classify_VirtualAttribute(self):
class Meta(type):
def __dir__(cls):
return ['__class__', '__module__', '__name__', 'BOOM']
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name =='BOOM':
return 42
return super().__getattr(name)
class Class(metaclass=Meta):
pass
should_find = inspect.Attribute('BOOM', 'data', Meta, 42)
self.assertIn(should_find, inspect.classify_class_attrs(Class))
def test_classify_VirtualAttribute_multi_classes(self):
class Meta1(type):
def __dir__(cls):
return ['__class__', '__module__', '__name__', 'one']
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name =='one':
return 1
return super().__getattr__(name)
class Meta2(type):
def __dir__(cls):
return ['__class__', '__module__', '__name__', 'two']
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name =='two':
return 2
return super().__getattr__(name)
class Meta3(Meta1, Meta2):
def __dir__(cls):
return list(sorted(set(['__class__', '__module__', '__name__', 'three'] +
Meta1.__dir__(cls) + Meta2.__dir__(cls))))
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name =='three':
return 3
return super().__getattr__(name)
class Class1(metaclass=Meta1):
pass
class Class2(Class1, metaclass=Meta3):
pass
should_find1 = inspect.Attribute('one', 'data', Meta1, 1)
should_find2 = inspect.Attribute('two', 'data', Meta2, 2)
should_find3 = inspect.Attribute('three', 'data', Meta3, 3)
cca = inspect.classify_class_attrs(Class2)
for sf in (should_find1, should_find2, should_find3):
self.assertIn(sf, cca)
def test_classify_class_attrs_with_buggy_dir(self):
class M(type):
def __dir__(cls):
return ['__class__', '__name__', 'missing']
class C(metaclass=M):
pass
attrs = [a[0] for a in inspect.classify_class_attrs(C)]
self.assertNotIn('missing', attrs)
def test_getmembers_descriptors(self):
class A(object):
dd = _BrokenDataDescriptor()
md = _BrokenMethodDescriptor()
def pred_wrapper(pred):
# A quick'n'dirty way to discard standard attributes of new-style
# classes.
class Empty(object):
pass
def wrapped(x):
if '__name__' in dir(x) and hasattr(Empty, x.__name__):
return False
return pred(x)
return wrapped
ismethoddescriptor = pred_wrapper(inspect.ismethoddescriptor)
isdatadescriptor = pred_wrapper(inspect.isdatadescriptor)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getmembers(A, ismethoddescriptor),
[('md', A.__dict__['md'])])
self.assertEqual(inspect.getmembers(A, isdatadescriptor),
[('dd', A.__dict__['dd'])])
class B(A):
pass
self.assertEqual(inspect.getmembers(B, ismethoddescriptor),
[('md', A.__dict__['md'])])
self.assertEqual(inspect.getmembers(B, isdatadescriptor),
[('dd', A.__dict__['dd'])])
def test_getmembers_method(self):
class B:
def f(self):
pass
self.assertIn(('f', B.f), inspect.getmembers(B))
self.assertNotIn(('f', B.f), inspect.getmembers(B, inspect.ismethod))
b = B()
self.assertIn(('f', b.f), inspect.getmembers(b))
self.assertIn(('f', b.f), inspect.getmembers(b, inspect.ismethod))
def test_getmembers_VirtualAttribute(self):
class M(type):
def __getattr__(cls, name):
if name == 'eggs':
return 'scrambled'
return super().__getattr__(name)
class A(metaclass=M):
@types.DynamicClassAttribute
def eggs(self):
return 'spam'
self.assertIn(('eggs', 'scrambled'), inspect.getmembers(A))
self.assertIn(('eggs', 'spam'), inspect.getmembers(A()))
def test_getmembers_with_buggy_dir(self):
class M(type):
def __dir__(cls):
return ['__class__', '__name__', 'missing']
class C(metaclass=M):
pass
attrs = [a[0] for a in inspect.getmembers(C)]
self.assertNotIn('missing', attrs)
class TestIsDataDescriptor(unittest.TestCase):
def test_custom_descriptors(self):
class NonDataDescriptor:
def __get__(self, value, type=None): pass
class DataDescriptor0:
def __set__(self, name, value): pass
class DataDescriptor1:
def __delete__(self, name): pass
class DataDescriptor2:
__set__ = None
self.assertFalse(inspect.isdatadescriptor(NonDataDescriptor()),
'class with only __get__ not a data descriptor')
self.assertTrue(inspect.isdatadescriptor(DataDescriptor0()),
'class with __set__ is a data descriptor')
self.assertTrue(inspect.isdatadescriptor(DataDescriptor1()),
'class with __delete__ is a data descriptor')
self.assertTrue(inspect.isdatadescriptor(DataDescriptor2()),
'class with __set__ = None is a data descriptor')
def test_slot(self):
class Slotted:
__slots__ = 'foo',
self.assertTrue(inspect.isdatadescriptor(Slotted.foo),
'a slot is a data descriptor')
def test_property(self):
class Propertied:
@property
def a_property(self):
pass
self.assertTrue(inspect.isdatadescriptor(Propertied.a_property),
'a property is a data descriptor')
def test_functions(self):
class Test(object):
def instance_method(self): pass
@classmethod
def class_method(cls): pass
@staticmethod
def static_method(): pass
def function():
pass
a_lambda = lambda: None
self.assertFalse(inspect.isdatadescriptor(Test().instance_method),
'a instance method is not a data descriptor')
self.assertFalse(inspect.isdatadescriptor(Test().class_method),
'a class method is not a data descriptor')
self.assertFalse(inspect.isdatadescriptor(Test().static_method),
'a static method is not a data descriptor')
self.assertFalse(inspect.isdatadescriptor(function),
'a function is not a data descriptor')
self.assertFalse(inspect.isdatadescriptor(a_lambda),
'a lambda is not a data descriptor')
_global_ref = object()
class TestGetClosureVars(unittest.TestCase):
def test_name_resolution(self):
# Basic test of the 4 different resolution mechanisms
def f(nonlocal_ref):
def g(local_ref):
print(local_ref, nonlocal_ref, _global_ref, unbound_ref)
return g
_arg = object()
nonlocal_vars = {"nonlocal_ref": _arg}
global_vars = {"_global_ref": _global_ref}
builtin_vars = {"print": print}
unbound_names = {"unbound_ref"}
expected = inspect.ClosureVars(nonlocal_vars, global_vars,
builtin_vars, unbound_names)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getclosurevars(f(_arg)), expected)
def test_generator_closure(self):
def f(nonlocal_ref):
def g(local_ref):
print(local_ref, nonlocal_ref, _global_ref, unbound_ref)
yield
return g
_arg = object()
nonlocal_vars = {"nonlocal_ref": _arg}
global_vars = {"_global_ref": _global_ref}
builtin_vars = {"print": print}
unbound_names = {"unbound_ref"}
expected = inspect.ClosureVars(nonlocal_vars, global_vars,
builtin_vars, unbound_names)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getclosurevars(f(_arg)), expected)
def test_method_closure(self):
class C:
def f(self, nonlocal_ref):
def g(local_ref):
print(local_ref, nonlocal_ref, _global_ref, unbound_ref)
return g
_arg = object()
nonlocal_vars = {"nonlocal_ref": _arg}
global_vars = {"_global_ref": _global_ref}
builtin_vars = {"print": print}
unbound_names = {"unbound_ref"}
expected = inspect.ClosureVars(nonlocal_vars, global_vars,
builtin_vars, unbound_names)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getclosurevars(C().f(_arg)), expected)
def test_nonlocal_vars(self):
# More complex tests of nonlocal resolution
def _nonlocal_vars(f):
return inspect.getclosurevars(f).nonlocals
def make_adder(x):
def add(y):
return x + y
return add
def curry(func, arg1):
return lambda arg2: func(arg1, arg2)
def less_than(a, b):
return a < b
# The infamous Y combinator.
def Y(le):
def g(f):
return le(lambda x: f(f)(x))
Y.g_ref = g
return g(g)
def check_y_combinator(func):
self.assertEqual(_nonlocal_vars(func), {'f': Y.g_ref})
inc = make_adder(1)
add_two = make_adder(2)
greater_than_five = curry(less_than, 5)
self.assertEqual(_nonlocal_vars(inc), {'x': 1})
self.assertEqual(_nonlocal_vars(add_two), {'x': 2})
self.assertEqual(_nonlocal_vars(greater_than_five),
{'arg1': 5, 'func': less_than})
self.assertEqual(_nonlocal_vars((lambda x: lambda y: x + y)(3)),
{'x': 3})
Y(check_y_combinator)
def test_getclosurevars_empty(self):
def foo(): pass
_empty = inspect.ClosureVars({}, {}, {}, set())
self.assertEqual(inspect.getclosurevars(lambda: True), _empty)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getclosurevars(foo), _empty)
def test_getclosurevars_error(self):
class T: pass
self.assertRaises(TypeError, inspect.getclosurevars, 1)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, inspect.getclosurevars, list)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, inspect.getclosurevars, {})
def _private_globals(self):
code = """def f(): print(path)"""
ns = {}
exec(code, ns)
return ns["f"], ns
def test_builtins_fallback(self):
f, ns = self._private_globals()
ns.pop("__builtins__", None)
expected = inspect.ClosureVars({}, {}, {"print":print}, {"path"})
self.assertEqual(inspect.getclosurevars(f), expected)
def test_builtins_as_dict(self):
f, ns = self._private_globals()
ns["__builtins__"] = {"path":1}
expected = inspect.ClosureVars({}, {}, {"path":1}, {"print"})
self.assertEqual(inspect.getclosurevars(f), expected)
def test_builtins_as_module(self):
f, ns = self._private_globals()
ns["__builtins__"] = os
expected = inspect.ClosureVars({}, {}, {"path":os.path}, {"print"})
self.assertEqual(inspect.getclosurevars(f), expected)
class TestGetcallargsFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
def assertEqualCallArgs(self, func, call_params_string, locs=None):
locs = dict(locs or {}, func=func)
r1 = eval('func(%s)' % call_params_string, None, locs)
r2 = eval('inspect.getcallargs(func, %s)' % call_params_string, None,
locs)
self.assertEqual(r1, r2)
def assertEqualException(self, func, call_param_string, locs=None):
locs = dict(locs or {}, func=func)
try:
eval('func(%s)' % call_param_string, None, locs)
except Exception as e:
ex1 = e
else:
self.fail('Exception not raised')
try:
eval('inspect.getcallargs(func, %s)' % call_param_string, None,
locs)
except Exception as e:
ex2 = e
else:
self.fail('Exception not raised')
self.assertIs(type(ex1), type(ex2))
self.assertEqual(str(ex1), str(ex2))
del ex1, ex2
def makeCallable(self, signature):
"""Create a function that returns its locals()"""
code = "lambda %s: locals()"
return eval(code % signature)
def test_plain(self):
f = self.makeCallable('a, b=1')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'a=2')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=3, a=2')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, b=3')
# expand *iterable / **mapping
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*(2,)')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*[2]')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*(2, 3)')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*[2, 3]')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**{"a":2}')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=3, **{"a":2}')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, **{"b":3}')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**{"b":3, "a":2}')
# expand UserList / UserDict
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*collections.UserList([2])')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*collections.UserList([2, 3])')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**collections.UserDict(a=2)')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, **collections.UserDict(b=3)')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=2, **collections.UserDict(a=3)')
def test_varargs(self):
f = self.makeCallable('a, b=1, *c')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, 4')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*(2,3,4)')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, *[3,4]')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, *collections.UserList([4])')
def test_varkw(self):
f = self.makeCallable('a, b=1, **c')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'a=2')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, b=3, c=4')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=3, a=2, c=4')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'c=4, **{"a":2, "b":3}')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, c=4, **{"b":3}')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=2, **{"a":3, "c":4}')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**collections.UserDict(a=2, b=3, c=4)')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, c=4, **collections.UserDict(b=3)')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=2, **collections.UserDict(a=3, c=4)')
def test_varkw_only(self):
# issue11256:
f = self.makeCallable('**c')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'a=1')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'a=1, b=2')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'c=3, **{"a": 1, "b": 2}')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**collections.UserDict(a=1, b=2)')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'c=3, **collections.UserDict(a=1, b=2)')
def test_keyword_only(self):
f = self.makeCallable('a=3, *, c, d=2')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'c=3')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'c=3, a=3')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'a=2, c=4')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '4, c=4')
self.assertEqualException(f, '')
self.assertEqualException(f, '3')
self.assertEqualException(f, 'a=3')
self.assertEqualException(f, 'd=4')
f = self.makeCallable('*, c, d=2')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'c=3')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'c=3, d=4')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'd=4, c=3')
def test_multiple_features(self):
f = self.makeCallable('a, b=2, *f, **g')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, 7')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8, *[(4,[5,6]), 7]')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *[3, (4,[5,6]), 7], y=9')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *[2, 3, (4,[5,6])], y=9')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *collections.UserList('
'[2, 3, (4,[5,6])]), **{"y":9, "z":10}')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *collections.UserList([3, '
'(4,[5,6])]), **collections.UserDict('
'y=9, z=10)')
f = self.makeCallable('a, b=2, *f, x, y=99, **g')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8, *[(4,[5,6]), 7]')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *[3, (4,[5,6]), 7], y=9, z=10')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *[2, 3, (4,[5,6])], y=9, z=10')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *collections.UserList('
'[2, 3, (4,[5,6])]), q=0, **{"y":9, "z":10}')
self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *collections.UserList([3, '
'(4,[5,6])]), q=0, **collections.UserDict('
'y=9, z=10)')
def test_errors(self):
f0 = self.makeCallable('')
f1 = self.makeCallable('a, b')
f2 = self.makeCallable('a, b=1')
# f0 takes no arguments
self.assertEqualException(f0, '1')
self.assertEqualException(f0, 'x=1')
self.assertEqualException(f0, '1,x=1')
# f1 takes exactly 2 arguments
self.assertEqualException(f1, '')
self.assertEqualException(f1, '1')
self.assertEqualException(f1, 'a=2')
self.assertEqualException(f1, 'b=3')
# f2 takes at least 1 argument
self.assertEqualException(f2, '')
self.assertEqualException(f2, 'b=3')
for f in f1, f2:
# f1/f2 takes exactly/at most 2 arguments
self.assertEqualException(f, '2, 3, 4')
self.assertEqualException(f, '1, 2, 3, a=1')
self.assertEqualException(f, '2, 3, 4, c=5')
# XXX: success of this one depends on dict order
## self.assertEqualException(f, '2, 3, 4, a=1, c=5')
# f got an unexpected keyword argument
self.assertEqualException(f, 'c=2')
self.assertEqualException(f, '2, c=3')
self.assertEqualException(f, '2, 3, c=4')
self.assertEqualException(f, '2, c=4, b=3')
self.assertEqualException(f, '**{u"\u03c0\u03b9": 4}')
# f got multiple values for keyword argument
self.assertEqualException(f, '1, a=2')
self.assertEqualException(f, '1, **{"a":2}')
self.assertEqualException(f, '1, 2, b=3')
# XXX: Python inconsistency
# - for functions and bound methods: unexpected keyword 'c'
# - for unbound methods: multiple values for keyword 'a'
#self.assertEqualException(f, '1, c=3, a=2')
# issue11256:
f3 = self.makeCallable('**c')
self.assertEqualException(f3, '1, 2')
self.assertEqualException(f3, '1, 2, a=1, b=2')
f4 = self.makeCallable('*, a, b=0')
self.assertEqualException(f3, '1, 2')
self.assertEqualException(f3, '1, 2, a=1, b=2')
# issue #20816: getcallargs() fails to iterate over non-existent
# kwonlydefaults and raises a wrong TypeError
def f5(*, a): pass
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
'missing 1 required keyword-only'):
inspect.getcallargs(f5)
# issue20817:
def f6(a, b, c):
pass
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "'a', 'b' and 'c'"):
inspect.getcallargs(f6)
# bpo-33197
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
'variadic keyword parameters cannot'
' have default values'):
inspect.Parameter("foo", kind=inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD,
default=42)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
"value 5 is not a valid Parameter.kind"):
inspect.Parameter("bar", kind=5, default=42)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
'name must be a str, not a int'):
inspect.Parameter(123, kind=4)
class TestGetcallargsMethods(TestGetcallargsFunctions):
def setUp(self):
class Foo(object):
pass
self.cls = Foo
self.inst = Foo()
def makeCallable(self, signature):
assert 'self' not in signature
mk = super(TestGetcallargsMethods, self).makeCallable
self.cls.method = mk('self, ' + signature)
return self.inst.method
class TestGetcallargsUnboundMethods(TestGetcallargsMethods):
def makeCallable(self, signature):
super(TestGetcallargsUnboundMethods, self).makeCallable(signature)
return self.cls.method
def assertEqualCallArgs(self, func, call_params_string, locs=None):
return super(TestGetcallargsUnboundMethods, self).assertEqualCallArgs(
*self._getAssertEqualParams(func, call_params_string, locs))
def assertEqualException(self, func, call_params_string, locs=None):
return super(TestGetcallargsUnboundMethods, self).assertEqualException(
*self._getAssertEqualParams(func, call_params_string, locs))
def _getAssertEqualParams(self, func, call_params_string, locs=None):
assert 'inst' not in call_params_string
locs = dict(locs or {}, inst=self.inst)
return (func, 'inst,' + call_params_string, locs)
class TestGetattrStatic(unittest.TestCase):
def test_basic(self):
class Thing(object):
x = object()
thing = Thing()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'x'), Thing.x)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'x', None), Thing.x)
with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'y')
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'y', 3), 3)
def test_inherited(self):
class Thing(object):
x = object()
class OtherThing(Thing):
pass
something = OtherThing()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(something, 'x'), Thing.x)
def test_instance_attr(self):
class Thing(object):
x = 2
def __init__(self, x):
self.x = x
thing = Thing(3)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'x'), 3)
del thing.x
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'x'), 2)
def test_property(self):
class Thing(object):
@property
def x(self):
raise AttributeError("I'm pretending not to exist")
thing = Thing()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'x'), Thing.x)
def test_descriptor_raises_AttributeError(self):
class descriptor(object):
def __get__(*_):
raise AttributeError("I'm pretending not to exist")
desc = descriptor()
class Thing(object):
x = desc
thing = Thing()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'x'), desc)
def test_classAttribute(self):
class Thing(object):
x = object()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(Thing, 'x'), Thing.x)
def test_classVirtualAttribute(self):
class Thing(object):
@types.DynamicClassAttribute
def x(self):
return self._x
_x = object()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(Thing, 'x'), Thing.__dict__['x'])
def test_inherited_classattribute(self):
class Thing(object):
x = object()
class OtherThing(Thing):
pass
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(OtherThing, 'x'), Thing.x)
def test_slots(self):
class Thing(object):
y = 'bar'
__slots__ = ['x']
def __init__(self):
self.x = 'foo'
thing = Thing()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'x'), Thing.x)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'y'), 'bar')
del thing.x
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(thing, 'x'), Thing.x)
def test_metaclass(self):
class meta(type):
attr = 'foo'
class Thing(object, metaclass=meta):
pass
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(Thing, 'attr'), 'foo')
class sub(meta):
pass
class OtherThing(object, metaclass=sub):
x = 3
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(OtherThing, 'attr'), 'foo')
class OtherOtherThing(OtherThing):
pass
# this test is odd, but it was added as it exposed a bug
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(OtherOtherThing, 'x'), 3)
def test_no_dict_no_slots(self):
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(1, 'foo', None), None)
self.assertNotEqual(inspect.getattr_static('foo', 'lower'), None)
def test_no_dict_no_slots_instance_member(self):
# returns descriptor
with open(__file__) as handle:
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(handle, 'name'), type(handle).name)
def test_inherited_slots(self):
# returns descriptor
class Thing(object):
__slots__ = ['x']
def __init__(self):
self.x = 'foo'
class OtherThing(Thing):
pass
# it would be nice if this worked...
# we get the descriptor instead of the instance attribute
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(OtherThing(), 'x'), Thing.x)
def test_descriptor(self):
class descriptor(object):
def __get__(self, instance, owner):
return 3
class Foo(object):
d = descriptor()
foo = Foo()
# for a non data descriptor we return the instance attribute
foo.__dict__['d'] = 1
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(foo, 'd'), 1)
# if the descriptor is a data-descriptor we should return the
# descriptor
descriptor.__set__ = lambda s, i, v: None
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(foo, 'd'), Foo.__dict__['d'])
def test_metaclass_with_descriptor(self):
class descriptor(object):
def __get__(self, instance, owner):
return 3
class meta(type):
d = descriptor()
class Thing(object, metaclass=meta):
pass
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(Thing, 'd'), meta.__dict__['d'])
def test_class_as_property(self):
class Base(object):
foo = 3
class Something(Base):
executed = False
@property
def __class__(self):
self.executed = True
return object
instance = Something()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(instance, 'foo'), 3)
self.assertFalse(instance.executed)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(Something, 'foo'), 3)
def test_mro_as_property(self):
class Meta(type):
@property
def __mro__(self):
return (object,)
class Base(object):
foo = 3
class Something(Base, metaclass=Meta):
pass
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(Something(), 'foo'), 3)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(Something, 'foo'), 3)
def test_dict_as_property(self):
test = self
test.called = False
class Foo(dict):
a = 3
@property
def __dict__(self):
test.called = True
return {}
foo = Foo()
foo.a = 4
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(foo, 'a'), 3)
self.assertFalse(test.called)
def test_custom_object_dict(self):
test = self
test.called = False
class Custom(dict):
def get(self, key, default=None):
test.called = True
super().get(key, default)
class Foo(object):
a = 3
foo = Foo()
foo.__dict__ = Custom()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(foo, 'a'), 3)
self.assertFalse(test.called)
def test_metaclass_dict_as_property(self):
class Meta(type):
@property
def __dict__(self):
self.executed = True
class Thing(metaclass=Meta):
executed = False
def __init__(self):
self.spam = 42
instance = Thing()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getattr_static(instance, "spam"), 42)
self.assertFalse(Thing.executed)
def test_module(self):
sentinel = object()
self.assertIsNot(inspect.getattr_static(sys, "version", sentinel),
sentinel)
def test_metaclass_with_metaclass_with_dict_as_property(self):
class MetaMeta(type):
@property
def __dict__(self):
self.executed = True
return dict(spam=42)
class Meta(type, metaclass=MetaMeta):
executed = False
class Thing(metaclass=Meta):
pass
with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
inspect.getattr_static(Thing, "spam")
self.assertFalse(Thing.executed)
class TestGetGeneratorState(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
def number_generator():
for number in range(5):
yield number
self.generator = number_generator()
def _generatorstate(self):
return inspect.getgeneratorstate(self.generator)
def test_created(self):
self.assertEqual(self._generatorstate(), inspect.GEN_CREATED)
def test_suspended(self):
next(self.generator)
self.assertEqual(self._generatorstate(), inspect.GEN_SUSPENDED)
def test_closed_after_exhaustion(self):
for i in self.generator:
pass
self.assertEqual(self._generatorstate(), inspect.GEN_CLOSED)
def test_closed_after_immediate_exception(self):
with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
self.generator.throw(RuntimeError)
self.assertEqual(self._generatorstate(), inspect.GEN_CLOSED)
def test_running(self):
# As mentioned on issue #10220, checking for the RUNNING state only
# makes sense inside the generator itself.
# The following generator checks for this by using the closure's
# reference to self and the generator state checking helper method
def running_check_generator():
for number in range(5):
self.assertEqual(self._generatorstate(), inspect.GEN_RUNNING)
yield number
self.assertEqual(self._generatorstate(), inspect.GEN_RUNNING)
self.generator = running_check_generator()
# Running up to the first yield
next(self.generator)
# Running after the first yield
next(self.generator)
def test_easy_debugging(self):
# repr() and str() of a generator state should contain the state name
names = 'GEN_CREATED GEN_RUNNING GEN_SUSPENDED GEN_CLOSED'.split()
for name in names:
state = getattr(inspect, name)
self.assertIn(name, repr(state))
self.assertIn(name, str(state))
def test_getgeneratorlocals(self):
def each(lst, a=None):
b=(1, 2, 3)
for v in lst:
if v == 3:
c = 12
yield v
numbers = each([1, 2, 3])
self.assertEqual(inspect.getgeneratorlocals(numbers),
{'a': None, 'lst': [1, 2, 3]})
next(numbers)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getgeneratorlocals(numbers),
{'a': None, 'lst': [1, 2, 3], 'v': 1,
'b': (1, 2, 3)})
next(numbers)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getgeneratorlocals(numbers),
{'a': None, 'lst': [1, 2, 3], 'v': 2,
'b': (1, 2, 3)})
next(numbers)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getgeneratorlocals(numbers),
{'a': None, 'lst': [1, 2, 3], 'v': 3,
'b': (1, 2, 3), 'c': 12})
try:
next(numbers)
except StopIteration:
pass
self.assertEqual(inspect.getgeneratorlocals(numbers), {})
def test_getgeneratorlocals_empty(self):
def yield_one():
yield 1
one = yield_one()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getgeneratorlocals(one), {})
try:
next(one)
except StopIteration:
pass
self.assertEqual(inspect.getgeneratorlocals(one), {})
def test_getgeneratorlocals_error(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, inspect.getgeneratorlocals, 1)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, inspect.getgeneratorlocals, lambda x: True)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, inspect.getgeneratorlocals, set)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, inspect.getgeneratorlocals, (2,3))
class TestGetCoroutineState(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
@types.coroutine
def number_coroutine():
for number in range(5):
yield number
async def coroutine():
await number_coroutine()
self.coroutine = coroutine()
def tearDown(self):
self.coroutine.close()
def _coroutinestate(self):
return inspect.getcoroutinestate(self.coroutine)
def test_created(self):
self.assertEqual(self._coroutinestate(), inspect.CORO_CREATED)
def test_suspended(self):
self.coroutine.send(None)
self.assertEqual(self._coroutinestate(), inspect.CORO_SUSPENDED)
def test_closed_after_exhaustion(self):
while True:
try:
self.coroutine.send(None)
except StopIteration:
break
self.assertEqual(self._coroutinestate(), inspect.CORO_CLOSED)
def test_closed_after_immediate_exception(self):
with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
self.coroutine.throw(RuntimeError)
self.assertEqual(self._coroutinestate(), inspect.CORO_CLOSED)
def test_easy_debugging(self):
# repr() and str() of a coroutine state should contain the state name
names = 'CORO_CREATED CORO_RUNNING CORO_SUSPENDED CORO_CLOSED'.split()
for name in names:
state = getattr(inspect, name)
self.assertIn(name, repr(state))
self.assertIn(name, str(state))
def test_getcoroutinelocals(self):
@types.coroutine
def gencoro():
yield
gencoro = gencoro()
async def func(a=None):
b = 'spam'
await gencoro
coro = func()
self.assertEqual(inspect.getcoroutinelocals(coro),
{'a': None, 'gencoro': gencoro})
coro.send(None)
self.assertEqual(inspect.getcoroutinelocals(coro),
{'a': None, 'gencoro': gencoro, 'b': 'spam'})
class MySignature(inspect.Signature):
# Top-level to make it picklable;
# used in test_signature_object_pickle
pass
class MyParameter(inspect.Parameter):
# Top-level to make it picklable;
# used in test_signature_object_pickle
pass
class TestSignatureObject(unittest.TestCase):
@staticmethod
def signature(func, **kw):
sig = inspect.signature(func, **kw)
return (tuple((param.name,
(... if param.default is param.empty else param.default),
(... if param.annotation is param.empty
else param.annotation),
str(param.kind).lower())
for param in sig.parameters.values()),
(... if sig.return_annotation is sig.empty
else sig.return_annotation))
def test_signature_object(self):
S = inspect.Signature
P = inspect.Parameter
self.assertEqual(str(S()), '()')
self.assertEqual(repr(S().parameters), 'mappingproxy(OrderedDict())')
def test(po, pk, pod=42, pkd=100, *args, ko, **kwargs):
pass
sig = inspect.signature(test)
po = sig.parameters['po'].replace(kind=P.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
pod = sig.parameters['pod'].replace(kind=P.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
pk = sig.parameters['pk']
pkd = sig.parameters['pkd']
args = sig.parameters['args']
ko = sig.parameters['ko']
kwargs = sig.parameters['kwargs']
S((po, pk, args, ko, kwargs))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'wrong parameter order'):
S((pk, po, args, ko, kwargs))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'wrong parameter order'):
S((po, args, pk, ko, kwargs))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'wrong parameter order'):
S((args, po, pk, ko, kwargs))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'wrong parameter order'):
S((po, pk, args, kwargs, ko))
kwargs2 = kwargs.replace(name='args')
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'duplicate parameter name'):
S((po, pk, args, kwargs2, ko))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'follows default argument'):
S((pod, po))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'follows default argument'):
S((po, pkd, pk))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'follows default argument'):
S((pkd, pk))
self.assertTrue(repr(sig).startswith('<Signature'))
self.assertTrue('(po, pk' in repr(sig))
def test_signature_object_pickle(self):
def foo(a, b, *, c:1={}, **kw) -> {42:'ham'}: pass
foo_partial = functools.partial(foo, a=1)
sig = inspect.signature(foo_partial)
for ver in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
with self.subTest(pickle_ver=ver, subclass=False):
sig_pickled = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(sig, ver))
self.assertEqual(sig, sig_pickled)
# Test that basic sub-classing works
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
myparam = MyParameter(name='z', kind=inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
myparams = collections.OrderedDict(sig.parameters, a=myparam)
mysig = MySignature().replace(parameters=myparams.values(),
return_annotation=sig.return_annotation)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(mysig, MySignature))
self.assertTrue(isinstance(mysig.parameters['z'], MyParameter))
for ver in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
with self.subTest(pickle_ver=ver, subclass=True):
sig_pickled = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(mysig, ver))
self.assertEqual(mysig, sig_pickled)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(sig_pickled, MySignature))
self.assertTrue(isinstance(sig_pickled.parameters['z'],
MyParameter))
def test_signature_immutability(self):
def test(a):
pass
sig = inspect.signature(test)
with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
sig.foo = 'bar'
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
sig.parameters['a'] = None
def test_signature_on_noarg(self):
def test():
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(test), ((), ...))
def test_signature_on_wargs(self):
def test(a, b:'foo') -> 123:
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(test),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('b', ..., repr('foo'), "positional_or_keyword")),
'123'))
def test_signature_on_wkwonly(self):
def test(*, a:float, b:str) -> int:
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(test),
((('a', ..., float, "keyword_only"),
('b', ..., str, "keyword_only")),
int))
def test_signature_on_complex_args(self):
def test(a, b:'foo'=10, *args:'bar', spam:'baz', ham=123, **kwargs:int):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(test),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('b', 10, repr('foo'), "positional_or_keyword"),
('args', ..., repr('bar'), "var_positional"),
('spam', ..., repr('baz'), "keyword_only"),
('ham', 123, ..., "keyword_only"),
('kwargs', ..., 'int', "var_keyword")),
...))
def test_signature_without_self(self):
def test_args_only(*args): # NOQA
pass
def test_args_kwargs_only(*args, **kwargs): # NOQA
pass
class A:
@classmethod
def test_classmethod(*args): # NOQA
pass
@staticmethod
def test_staticmethod(*args): # NOQA
pass
f1 = functools.partialmethod((test_classmethod), 1)
f2 = functools.partialmethod((test_args_only), 1)
f3 = functools.partialmethod((test_staticmethod), 1)
f4 = functools.partialmethod((test_args_kwargs_only),1)
self.assertEqual(self.signature(test_args_only),
((('args', ..., ..., 'var_positional'),), ...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(test_args_kwargs_only),
((('args', ..., ..., 'var_positional'),
('kwargs', ..., ..., 'var_keyword')), ...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(A.f1),
((('args', ..., ..., 'var_positional'),), ...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(A.f2),
((('args', ..., ..., 'var_positional'),), ...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(A.f3),
((('args', ..., ..., 'var_positional'),), ...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(A.f4),
((('args', ..., ..., 'var_positional'),
('kwargs', ..., ..., 'var_keyword')), ...))
@cpython_only
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_signature_on_builtins(self):
import _testcapi
def test_unbound_method(o):
"""Use this to test unbound methods (things that should have a self)"""
signature = inspect.signature(o)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(signature, inspect.Signature))
self.assertEqual(list(signature.parameters.values())[0].name, 'self')
return signature
def test_callable(o):
"""Use this to test bound methods or normal callables (things that don't expect self)"""
signature = inspect.signature(o)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(signature, inspect.Signature))
if signature.parameters:
self.assertNotEqual(list(signature.parameters.values())[0].name, 'self')
return signature
signature = test_callable(_testcapi.docstring_with_signature_with_defaults)
def p(name): return signature.parameters[name].default
self.assertEqual(p('s'), 'avocado')
self.assertEqual(p('b'), b'bytes')
self.assertEqual(p('d'), 3.14)
self.assertEqual(p('i'), 35)
self.assertEqual(p('n'), None)
self.assertEqual(p('t'), True)
self.assertEqual(p('f'), False)
self.assertEqual(p('local'), 3)
self.assertEqual(p('sys'), sys.maxsize)
self.assertNotIn('exp', signature.parameters)
test_callable(object)
# normal method
# (PyMethodDescr_Type, "method_descriptor")
test_unbound_method(_pickle.Pickler.dump)
d = _pickle.Pickler(io.StringIO())
test_callable(d.dump)
# static method
test_callable(bytes.maketrans)
test_callable(b'abc'.maketrans)
# class method
test_callable(dict.fromkeys)
test_callable({}.fromkeys)
# wrapper around slot (PyWrapperDescr_Type, "wrapper_descriptor")
test_unbound_method(type.__call__)
test_unbound_method(int.__add__)
test_callable((3).__add__)
# _PyMethodWrapper_Type
# support for 'method-wrapper'
test_callable(min.__call__)
# This doesn't work now.
# (We don't have a valid signature for "type" in 3.4)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "no signature found"):
class ThisWorksNow:
__call__ = type
test_callable(ThisWorksNow())
# Regression test for issue #20786
test_unbound_method(dict.__delitem__)
test_unbound_method(property.__delete__)
# Regression test for issue #20586
test_callable(_testcapi.docstring_with_signature_but_no_doc)
@cpython_only
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_signature_on_decorated_builtins(self):
import _testcapi
func = _testcapi.docstring_with_signature_with_defaults
def decorator(func):
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs) -> int:
return func(*args, **kwargs)
return wrapper
decorated_func = decorator(func)
self.assertEqual(inspect.signature(func),
inspect.signature(decorated_func))
def wrapper_like(*args, **kwargs) -> int: pass
self.assertEqual(inspect.signature(decorated_func,
follow_wrapped=False),
inspect.signature(wrapper_like))
@cpython_only
def test_signature_on_builtins_no_signature(self):
import _testcapi
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
'no signature found for builtin'):
inspect.signature(_testcapi.docstring_no_signature)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
'no signature found for builtin'):
inspect.signature(str)
def test_signature_on_non_function(self):
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'is not a callable object'):
inspect.signature(42)
def test_signature_from_functionlike_object(self):
def func(a,b, *args, kwonly=True, kwonlyreq, **kwargs):
pass
class funclike:
# Has to be callable, and have correct
# __code__, __annotations__, __defaults__, __name__,
# and __kwdefaults__ attributes
def __init__(self, func):
self.__name__ = func.__name__
self.__code__ = func.__code__
self.__annotations__ = func.__annotations__
self.__defaults__ = func.__defaults__
self.__kwdefaults__ = func.__kwdefaults__
self.func = func
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
return self.func(*args, **kwargs)
sig_func = inspect.Signature.from_callable(func)
sig_funclike = inspect.Signature.from_callable(funclike(func))
self.assertEqual(sig_funclike, sig_func)
sig_funclike = inspect.signature(funclike(func))
self.assertEqual(sig_funclike, sig_func)
# If object is not a duck type of function, then
# signature will try to get a signature for its '__call__'
# method
fl = funclike(func)
del fl.__defaults__
self.assertEqual(self.signature(fl),
((('args', ..., ..., "var_positional"),
('kwargs', ..., ..., "var_keyword")),
...))
# Test with cython-like builtins:
_orig_isdesc = inspect.ismethoddescriptor
def _isdesc(obj):
if hasattr(obj, '_builtinmock'):
return True
return _orig_isdesc(obj)
with unittest.mock.patch('inspect.ismethoddescriptor', _isdesc):
builtin_func = funclike(func)
# Make sure that our mock setup is working
self.assertFalse(inspect.ismethoddescriptor(builtin_func))
builtin_func._builtinmock = True
self.assertTrue(inspect.ismethoddescriptor(builtin_func))
self.assertEqual(inspect.signature(builtin_func), sig_func)
def test_signature_functionlike_class(self):
# We only want to duck type function-like objects,
# not classes.
def func(a,b, *args, kwonly=True, kwonlyreq, **kwargs):
pass
class funclike:
def __init__(self, marker):
pass
__name__ = func.__name__
__code__ = func.__code__
__annotations__ = func.__annotations__
__defaults__ = func.__defaults__
__kwdefaults__ = func.__kwdefaults__
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(funclike)), '(marker)')
def test_signature_on_method(self):
class Test:
def __init__(*args):
pass
def m1(self, arg1, arg2=1) -> int:
pass
def m2(*args):
pass
def __call__(*, a):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Test().m1),
((('arg1', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('arg2', 1, ..., "positional_or_keyword")),
int))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Test().m2),
((('args', ..., ..., "var_positional"),),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Test),
((('args', ..., ..., "var_positional"),),
...))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'invalid method signature'):
self.signature(Test())
def test_signature_wrapped_bound_method(self):
# Issue 24298
class Test:
def m1(self, arg1, arg2=1) -> int:
pass
@functools.wraps(Test().m1)
def m1d(*args, **kwargs):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(m1d),
((('arg1', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('arg2', 1, ..., "positional_or_keyword")),
int))
def test_signature_on_classmethod(self):
class Test:
@classmethod
def foo(cls, arg1, *, arg2=1):
pass
meth = Test().foo
self.assertEqual(self.signature(meth),
((('arg1', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('arg2', 1, ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
meth = Test.foo
self.assertEqual(self.signature(meth),
((('arg1', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('arg2', 1, ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
def test_signature_on_staticmethod(self):
class Test:
@staticmethod
def foo(cls, *, arg):
pass
meth = Test().foo
self.assertEqual(self.signature(meth),
((('cls', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('arg', ..., ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
meth = Test.foo
self.assertEqual(self.signature(meth),
((('cls', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('arg', ..., ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
def test_signature_on_partial(self):
from functools import partial
Parameter = inspect.Parameter
def test():
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test)), ((), ...))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "has incorrect arguments"):
inspect.signature(partial(test, 1))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "has incorrect arguments"):
inspect.signature(partial(test, a=1))
def test(a, b, *, c, d):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test)),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('c', ..., ..., "keyword_only"),
('d', ..., ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, 1)),
((('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('c', ..., ..., "keyword_only"),
('d', ..., ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, 1, c=2)),
((('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('c', 2, ..., "keyword_only"),
('d', ..., ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, b=1, c=2)),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('b', 1, ..., "keyword_only"),
('c', 2, ..., "keyword_only"),
('d', ..., ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, 0, b=1, c=2)),
((('b', 1, ..., "keyword_only"),
('c', 2, ..., "keyword_only"),
('d', ..., ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, a=1)),
((('a', 1, ..., "keyword_only"),
('b', ..., ..., "keyword_only"),
('c', ..., ..., "keyword_only"),
('d', ..., ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
def test(a, *args, b, **kwargs):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, 1)),
((('args', ..., ..., "var_positional"),
('b', ..., ..., "keyword_only"),
('kwargs', ..., ..., "var_keyword")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, a=1)),
((('a', 1, ..., "keyword_only"),
('b', ..., ..., "keyword_only"),
('kwargs', ..., ..., "var_keyword")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, 1, 2, 3)),
((('args', ..., ..., "var_positional"),
('b', ..., ..., "keyword_only"),
('kwargs', ..., ..., "var_keyword")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, 1, 2, 3, test=True)),
((('args', ..., ..., "var_positional"),
('b', ..., ..., "keyword_only"),
('kwargs', ..., ..., "var_keyword")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, 1, 2, 3, test=1, b=0)),
((('args', ..., ..., "var_positional"),
('b', 0, ..., "keyword_only"),
('kwargs', ..., ..., "var_keyword")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, b=0)),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('args', ..., ..., "var_positional"),
('b', 0, ..., "keyword_only"),
('kwargs', ..., ..., "var_keyword")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(test, b=0, test=1)),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('args', ..., ..., "var_positional"),
('b', 0, ..., "keyword_only"),
('kwargs', ..., ..., "var_keyword")),
...))
def test(a, b, c:int) -> 42:
pass
sig = test.__signature__ = inspect.signature(test)
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(partial(test, 1))),
((('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('c', ..., 'int', "positional_or_keyword")),
'42'))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(partial(test, 1), 2)),
((('c', ..., 'int', "positional_or_keyword"),),
'42'))
psig = inspect.signature(partial(partial(test, 1), 2))
def foo(a):
return a
_foo = partial(partial(foo, a=10), a=20)
self.assertEqual(self.signature(_foo),
((('a', 20, ..., "keyword_only"),),
...))
# check that we don't have any side-effects in signature(),
# and the partial object is still functioning
self.assertEqual(_foo(), 20)
def foo(a, b, c):
return a, b, c
_foo = partial(partial(foo, 1, b=20), b=30)
self.assertEqual(self.signature(_foo),
((('b', 30, ..., "keyword_only"),
('c', ..., ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
self.assertEqual(_foo(c=10), (1, 30, 10))
def foo(a, b, c, *, d):
return a, b, c, d
_foo = partial(partial(foo, d=20, c=20), b=10, d=30)
self.assertEqual(self.signature(_foo),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('b', 10, ..., "keyword_only"),
('c', 20, ..., "keyword_only"),
('d', 30, ..., "keyword_only"),
),
...))
ba = inspect.signature(_foo).bind(a=200, b=11)
self.assertEqual(_foo(*ba.args, **ba.kwargs), (200, 11, 20, 30))
def foo(a=1, b=2, c=3):
return a, b, c
_foo = partial(foo, c=13) # (a=1, b=2, *, c=13)
ba = inspect.signature(_foo).bind(a=11)
self.assertEqual(_foo(*ba.args, **ba.kwargs), (11, 2, 13))
ba = inspect.signature(_foo).bind(11, 12)
self.assertEqual(_foo(*ba.args, **ba.kwargs), (11, 12, 13))
ba = inspect.signature(_foo).bind(11, b=12)
self.assertEqual(_foo(*ba.args, **ba.kwargs), (11, 12, 13))
ba = inspect.signature(_foo).bind(b=12)
self.assertEqual(_foo(*ba.args, **ba.kwargs), (1, 12, 13))
_foo = partial(_foo, b=10, c=20)
ba = inspect.signature(_foo).bind(12)
self.assertEqual(_foo(*ba.args, **ba.kwargs), (12, 10, 20))
def foo(a, b, c, d, **kwargs):
pass
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
params = sig.parameters.copy()
params['a'] = params['a'].replace(kind=Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
params['b'] = params['b'].replace(kind=Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
foo.__signature__ = inspect.Signature(params.values())
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
self.assertEqual(str(sig), '(a, b, /, c, d, **kwargs)')
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(foo, 1)),
((('b', ..., ..., 'positional_only'),
('c', ..., ..., 'positional_or_keyword'),
('d', ..., ..., 'positional_or_keyword'),
('kwargs', ..., ..., 'var_keyword')),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(foo, 1, 2)),
((('c', ..., ..., 'positional_or_keyword'),
('d', ..., ..., 'positional_or_keyword'),
('kwargs', ..., ..., 'var_keyword')),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(foo, 1, 2, 3)),
((('d', ..., ..., 'positional_or_keyword'),
('kwargs', ..., ..., 'var_keyword')),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(foo, 1, 2, c=3)),
((('c', 3, ..., 'keyword_only'),
('d', ..., ..., 'keyword_only'),
('kwargs', ..., ..., 'var_keyword')),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(partial(foo, 1, c=3)),
((('b', ..., ..., 'positional_only'),
('c', 3, ..., 'keyword_only'),
('d', ..., ..., 'keyword_only'),
('kwargs', ..., ..., 'var_keyword')),
...))
def test_signature_on_partialmethod(self):
from functools import partialmethod
class Spam:
def test():
pass
ham = partialmethod(test)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "has incorrect arguments"):
inspect.signature(Spam.ham)
class Spam:
def test(it, a, *, c) -> 'spam':
pass
ham = partialmethod(test, c=1)
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Spam.ham),
((('it', ..., ..., 'positional_or_keyword'),
('a', ..., ..., 'positional_or_keyword'),
('c', 1, ..., 'keyword_only')),
repr('spam')))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Spam().ham),
((('a', ..., ..., 'positional_or_keyword'),
('c', 1, ..., 'keyword_only')),
repr('spam')))
class Spam:
def test(self: 'anno', x):
pass
g = partialmethod(test, 1)
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Spam.g),
((('self', ..., repr('anno'), 'positional_or_keyword'),),
...))
def test_signature_on_fake_partialmethod(self):
def foo(a): pass
foo._partialmethod = 'spam'
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(foo)), '(a)')
def test_signature_on_decorated(self):
import functools
def decorator(func):
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs) -> int:
return func(*args, **kwargs)
return wrapper
class Foo:
@decorator
def bar(self, a, b):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Foo.bar),
((('self', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Foo().bar),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Foo.bar, follow_wrapped=False),
((('args', ..., ..., "var_positional"),
('kwargs', ..., ..., "var_keyword")),
...)) # functools.wraps will copy __annotations__
# from "func" to "wrapper", hence no
# return_annotation
# Test that we handle method wrappers correctly
def decorator(func):
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs) -> int:
return func(42, *args, **kwargs)
sig = inspect.signature(func)
new_params = tuple(sig.parameters.values())[1:]
wrapper.__signature__ = sig.replace(parameters=new_params)
return wrapper
class Foo:
@decorator
def __call__(self, a, b):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Foo.__call__),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Foo().__call__),
((('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),),
...))
# Test we handle __signature__ partway down the wrapper stack
def wrapped_foo_call():
pass
wrapped_foo_call.__wrapped__ = Foo.__call__
self.assertEqual(self.signature(wrapped_foo_call),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword")),
...))
def test_signature_on_class(self):
class C:
def __init__(self, a):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(C),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),),
...))
class CM(type):
def __call__(cls, a):
pass
class C(metaclass=CM):
def __init__(self, b):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(C),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),),
...))
class CM(type):
def __new__(mcls, name, bases, dct, *, foo=1):
return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, dct)
class C(metaclass=CM):
def __init__(self, b):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(C),
((('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(CM),
((('name', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('bases', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('dct', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('foo', 1, ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
class CMM(type):
def __new__(mcls, name, bases, dct, *, foo=1):
return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, dct)
def __call__(cls, nm, bs, dt):
return type(nm, bs, dt)
class CM(type, metaclass=CMM):
def __new__(mcls, name, bases, dct, *, bar=2):
return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, dct)
class C(metaclass=CM):
def __init__(self, b):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(CMM),
((('name', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('bases', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('dct', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('foo', 1, ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(CM),
((('nm', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('bs', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('dt', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(C),
((('b', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),),
...))
class CM(type):
def __init__(cls, name, bases, dct, *, bar=2):
return super().__init__(name, bases, dct)
class C(metaclass=CM):
def __init__(self, b):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(CM),
((('name', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('bases', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('dct', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('bar', 2, ..., "keyword_only")),
...))
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_signature_on_class_without_init(self):
# Test classes without user-defined __init__ or __new__
class C: pass
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(C)), '()')
class D(C): pass
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(D)), '()')
# Test meta-classes without user-defined __init__ or __new__
class C(type): pass
class D(C): pass
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "callable.*is not supported"):
self.assertEqual(inspect.signature(C), None)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "callable.*is not supported"):
self.assertEqual(inspect.signature(D), None)
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_signature_on_builtin_class(self):
expected = ('(file, protocol=None, fix_imports=True, '
'buffer_callback=None)')
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(_pickle.Pickler)), expected)
class P(_pickle.Pickler): pass
class EmptyTrait: pass
class P2(EmptyTrait, P): pass
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(P)), expected)
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(P2)), expected)
class P3(P2):
def __init__(self, spam):
pass
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(P3)), '(spam)')
class MetaP(type):
def __call__(cls, foo, bar):
pass
class P4(P2, metaclass=MetaP):
pass
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(P4)), '(foo, bar)')
def test_signature_on_callable_objects(self):
class Foo:
def __call__(self, a):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Foo()),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),),
...))
class Spam:
pass
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "is not a callable object"):
inspect.signature(Spam())
class Bar(Spam, Foo):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Bar()),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),),
...))
class Wrapped:
pass
Wrapped.__wrapped__ = lambda a: None
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Wrapped),
((('a', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),),
...))
# wrapper loop:
Wrapped.__wrapped__ = Wrapped
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'wrapper loop'):
self.signature(Wrapped)
def test_signature_on_lambdas(self):
self.assertEqual(self.signature((lambda a=10: a)),
((('a', 10, ..., "positional_or_keyword"),),
...))
def test_signature_equality(self):
def foo(a, *, b:int) -> float: pass
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) == 42)
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) != 42)
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) == ALWAYS_EQ)
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) != ALWAYS_EQ)
def bar(a, *, b:int) -> float: pass
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def bar(a, *, b:int) -> int: pass
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertNotEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def bar(a, *, b:int): pass
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertNotEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def bar(a, *, b:int=42) -> float: pass
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertNotEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def bar(a, *, c) -> float: pass
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertNotEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def bar(a, b:int) -> float: pass
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertNotEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def spam(b:int, a) -> float: pass
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(spam) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(spam) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertNotEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(spam)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def foo(*, a, b, c): pass
def bar(*, c, b, a): pass
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def foo(*, a=1, b, c): pass
def bar(*, c, b, a=1): pass
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def foo(pos, *, a=1, b, c): pass
def bar(pos, *, c, b, a=1): pass
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def foo(pos, *, a, b, c): pass
def bar(pos, *, c, b, a=1): pass
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertNotEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def foo(pos, *args, a=42, b, c, **kwargs:int): pass
def bar(pos, *args, c, b, a=42, **kwargs:int): pass
self.assertTrue(inspect.signature(foo) == inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertFalse(inspect.signature(foo) != inspect.signature(bar))
self.assertEqual(
hash(inspect.signature(foo)), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def test_signature_hashable(self):
S = inspect.Signature
P = inspect.Parameter
def foo(a): pass
foo_sig = inspect.signature(foo)
manual_sig = S(parameters=[P('a', P.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD)])
self.assertEqual(hash(foo_sig), hash(manual_sig))
self.assertNotEqual(hash(foo_sig),
hash(manual_sig.replace(return_annotation='spam')))
def bar(a) -> 1: pass
self.assertNotEqual(hash(foo_sig), hash(inspect.signature(bar)))
def foo(a={}): pass
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'unhashable type'):
hash(inspect.signature(foo))
def test_signature_str(self):
def foo(a:int=1, *, b, c=None, **kwargs) -> 42:
pass
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(foo)),
'(a: \'int\' = 1, *, b, c=None, **kwargs) -> \'42\'')
def foo(a:int=1, *args, b, c=None, **kwargs) -> 42:
pass
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(foo)),
'(a: \'int\' = 1, *args, b, c=None, **kwargs) -> \'42\'')
def foo():
pass
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(foo)), '()')
def test_signature_str_positional_only(self):
P = inspect.Parameter
S = inspect.Signature
def test(a_po, *, b, **kwargs):
return a_po, kwargs
sig = inspect.signature(test)
new_params = list(sig.parameters.values())
new_params[0] = new_params[0].replace(kind=P.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
test.__signature__ = sig.replace(parameters=new_params)
self.assertEqual(str(inspect.signature(test)),
'(a_po, /, *, b, **kwargs)')
self.assertEqual(str(S(parameters=[P('foo', P.POSITIONAL_ONLY)])),
'(foo, /)')
self.assertEqual(str(S(parameters=[
P('foo', P.POSITIONAL_ONLY),
P('bar', P.VAR_KEYWORD)])),
'(foo, /, **bar)')
self.assertEqual(str(S(parameters=[
P('foo', P.POSITIONAL_ONLY),
P('bar', P.VAR_POSITIONAL)])),
'(foo, /, *bar)')
def test_signature_replace_anno(self):
def test() -> 42:
pass
sig = inspect.signature(test)
sig = sig.replace(return_annotation=None)
self.assertIs(sig.return_annotation, None)
sig = sig.replace(return_annotation=sig.empty)
self.assertIs(sig.return_annotation, sig.empty)
sig = sig.replace(return_annotation='42')
self.assertEqual(sig.return_annotation, '42')
self.assertEqual(sig, inspect.signature(test))
def test_signature_on_mangled_parameters(self):
class Spam:
def foo(self, __p1:1=2, *, __p2:2=3):
pass
class Ham(Spam):
pass
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Spam.foo),
((('self', ..., ..., "positional_or_keyword"),
('_Spam__p1', 2, '1', "positional_or_keyword"),
('_Spam__p2', 3, '2', "keyword_only")),
...))
self.assertEqual(self.signature(Spam.foo),
self.signature(Ham.foo))
def test_signature_from_callable_python_obj(self):
class MySignature(inspect.Signature): pass
def foo(a, *, b:1): pass
foo_sig = MySignature.from_callable(foo)
self.assertIsInstance(foo_sig, MySignature)
def test_signature_from_callable_class(self):
# A regression test for a class inheriting its signature from `object`.
class MySignature(inspect.Signature): pass
class foo: pass
foo_sig = MySignature.from_callable(foo)
self.assertIsInstance(foo_sig, MySignature)
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_signature_from_callable_builtin_obj(self):
class MySignature(inspect.Signature): pass
sig = MySignature.from_callable(_pickle.Pickler)
self.assertIsInstance(sig, MySignature)
def test_signature_definition_order_preserved_on_kwonly(self):
for fn in signatures_with_lexicographic_keyword_only_parameters():
signature = inspect.signature(fn)
l = list(signature.parameters)
sorted_l = sorted(l)
self.assertTrue(l)
self.assertEqual(l, sorted_l)
signature = inspect.signature(unsorted_keyword_only_parameters_fn)
l = list(signature.parameters)
self.assertEqual(l, unsorted_keyword_only_parameters)
def test_signater_parameters_is_ordered(self):
p1 = inspect.signature(lambda x, y: None).parameters
p2 = inspect.signature(lambda y, x: None).parameters
self.assertNotEqual(p1, p2)
def test_signature_annotations_with_local_namespaces(self):
class Foo: ...
def func(foo: Foo) -> int: pass
def func2(foo: Foo, bar: Bar) -> int: pass
for signature_func in (inspect.signature, inspect.Signature.from_callable):
with self.subTest(signature_func = signature_func):
sig1 = signature_func(func)
self.assertEqual(sig1.return_annotation, 'int')
self.assertEqual(sig1.parameters['foo'].annotation, 'Foo')
sig2 = signature_func(func, localns=locals())
self.assertEqual(sig2.return_annotation, int)
self.assertEqual(sig2.parameters['foo'].annotation, Foo)
sig3 = signature_func(func2, globalns={'Bar': int}, localns=locals())
self.assertEqual(sig3.return_annotation, int)
self.assertEqual(sig3.parameters['foo'].annotation, Foo)
self.assertEqual(sig3.parameters['bar'].annotation, int)
class TestParameterObject(unittest.TestCase):
def test_signature_parameter_kinds(self):
P = inspect.Parameter
self.assertTrue(P.POSITIONAL_ONLY < P.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD < \
P.VAR_POSITIONAL < P.KEYWORD_ONLY < P.VAR_KEYWORD)
self.assertEqual(str(P.POSITIONAL_ONLY), 'POSITIONAL_ONLY')
self.assertTrue('POSITIONAL_ONLY' in repr(P.POSITIONAL_ONLY))
def test_signature_parameter_object(self):
p = inspect.Parameter('foo', default=10,
kind=inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
self.assertEqual(p.name, 'foo')
self.assertEqual(p.default, 10)
self.assertIs(p.annotation, p.empty)
self.assertEqual(p.kind, inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "value '123' is "
"not a valid Parameter.kind"):
inspect.Parameter('foo', default=10, kind='123')
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'not a valid parameter name'):
inspect.Parameter('1', kind=inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'name must be a str'):
inspect.Parameter(None, kind=inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
'is not a valid parameter name'):
inspect.Parameter('$', kind=inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
'is not a valid parameter name'):
inspect.Parameter('.a', kind=inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'cannot have default values'):
inspect.Parameter('a', default=42,
kind=inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'cannot have default values'):
inspect.Parameter('a', default=42,
kind=inspect.Parameter.VAR_POSITIONAL)
p = inspect.Parameter('a', default=42,
kind=inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'cannot have default values'):
p.replace(kind=inspect.Parameter.VAR_POSITIONAL)
self.assertTrue(repr(p).startswith('<Parameter'))
self.assertTrue('"a=42"' in repr(p))
def test_signature_parameter_hashable(self):
P = inspect.Parameter
foo = P('foo', kind=P.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
self.assertEqual(hash(foo), hash(P('foo', kind=P.POSITIONAL_ONLY)))
self.assertNotEqual(hash(foo), hash(P('foo', kind=P.POSITIONAL_ONLY,
default=42)))
self.assertNotEqual(hash(foo),
hash(foo.replace(kind=P.VAR_POSITIONAL)))
def test_signature_parameter_equality(self):
P = inspect.Parameter
p = P('foo', default=42, kind=inspect.Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY)
self.assertTrue(p == p)
self.assertFalse(p != p)
self.assertFalse(p == 42)
self.assertTrue(p != 42)
self.assertTrue(p == ALWAYS_EQ)
self.assertFalse(p != ALWAYS_EQ)
self.assertTrue(p == P('foo', default=42,
kind=inspect.Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY))
self.assertFalse(p != P('foo', default=42,
kind=inspect.Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY))
def test_signature_parameter_replace(self):
p = inspect.Parameter('foo', default=42,
kind=inspect.Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY)
self.assertIsNot(p, p.replace())
self.assertEqual(p, p.replace())
p2 = p.replace(annotation=1)
self.assertEqual(p2.annotation, 1)
p2 = p2.replace(annotation=p2.empty)
self.assertEqual(p, p2)
p2 = p2.replace(name='bar')
self.assertEqual(p2.name, 'bar')
self.assertNotEqual(p2, p)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
'name is a required attribute'):
p2 = p2.replace(name=p2.empty)
p2 = p2.replace(name='foo', default=None)
self.assertIs(p2.default, None)
self.assertNotEqual(p2, p)
p2 = p2.replace(name='foo', default=p2.empty)
self.assertIs(p2.default, p2.empty)
p2 = p2.replace(default=42, kind=p2.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD)
self.assertEqual(p2.kind, p2.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD)
self.assertNotEqual(p2, p)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
"value <class 'inspect._empty'> "
"is not a valid Parameter.kind"):
p2 = p2.replace(kind=p2.empty)
p2 = p2.replace(kind=p2.KEYWORD_ONLY)
self.assertEqual(p2, p)
def test_signature_parameter_positional_only(self):
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'name must be a str'):
inspect.Parameter(None, kind=inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
@cpython_only
def test_signature_parameter_implicit(self):
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
'implicit arguments must be passed as '
'positional or keyword arguments, '
'not positional-only'):
inspect.Parameter('.0', kind=inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
param = inspect.Parameter(
'.0', kind=inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD)
self.assertEqual(param.kind, inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
self.assertEqual(param.name, 'implicit0')
def test_signature_parameter_immutability(self):
p = inspect.Parameter('spam', kind=inspect.Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY)
with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
p.foo = 'bar'
with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
p.kind = 123
class TestSignatureBind(unittest.TestCase):
@staticmethod
def call(func, *args, **kwargs):
sig = inspect.signature(func)
ba = sig.bind(*args, **kwargs)
return func(*ba.args, **ba.kwargs)
def test_signature_bind_empty(self):
def test():
return 42
self.assertEqual(self.call(test), 42)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'too many positional arguments'):
self.call(test, 1)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'too many positional arguments'):
self.call(test, 1, spam=10)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(
TypeError, "got an unexpected keyword argument 'spam'"):
self.call(test, spam=1)
def test_signature_bind_var(self):
def test(*args, **kwargs):
return args, kwargs
self.assertEqual(self.call(test), ((), {}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1), ((1,), {}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2), ((1, 2), {}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, foo='bar'), ((), {'foo': 'bar'}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, foo='bar'), ((1,), {'foo': 'bar'}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, args=10), ((), {'args': 10}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2, foo='bar'),
((1, 2), {'foo': 'bar'}))
def test_signature_bind_just_args(self):
def test(a, b, c):
return a, b, c
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'too many positional arguments'):
self.call(test, 1, 2, 3, 4)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
"missing a required argument: 'b'"):
self.call(test, 1)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
"missing a required argument: 'a'"):
self.call(test)
def test(a, b, c=10):
return a, b, c
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2), (1, 2, 10))
def test(a=1, b=2, c=3):
return a, b, c
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, a=10, c=13), (10, 2, 13))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, a=10), (10, 2, 3))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, b=10), (1, 10, 3))
def test_signature_bind_varargs_order(self):
def test(*args):
return args
self.assertEqual(self.call(test), ())
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3))
def test_signature_bind_args_and_varargs(self):
def test(a, b, c=3, *args):
return a, b, c, args
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), (1, 2, 3, (4, 5)))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2), (1, 2, 3, ()))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, b=1, a=2), (2, 1, 3, ()))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, b=2), (1, 2, 3, ()))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
"multiple values for argument 'c'"):
self.call(test, 1, 2, 3, c=4)
def test_signature_bind_just_kwargs(self):
def test(**kwargs):
return kwargs
self.assertEqual(self.call(test), {})
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, foo='bar', spam='ham'),
{'foo': 'bar', 'spam': 'ham'})
def test_signature_bind_args_and_kwargs(self):
def test(a, b, c=3, **kwargs):
return a, b, c, kwargs
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2), (1, 2, 3, {}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2, foo='bar', spam='ham'),
(1, 2, 3, {'foo': 'bar', 'spam': 'ham'}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, b=2, a=1, foo='bar', spam='ham'),
(1, 2, 3, {'foo': 'bar', 'spam': 'ham'}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, a=1, b=2, foo='bar', spam='ham'),
(1, 2, 3, {'foo': 'bar', 'spam': 'ham'}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, b=2, foo='bar', spam='ham'),
(1, 2, 3, {'foo': 'bar', 'spam': 'ham'}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, b=2, c=4, foo='bar', spam='ham'),
(1, 2, 4, {'foo': 'bar', 'spam': 'ham'}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2, 4, foo='bar'),
(1, 2, 4, {'foo': 'bar'}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, c=5, a=4, b=3),
(4, 3, 5, {}))
def test_signature_bind_kwonly(self):
def test(*, foo):
return foo
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
'too many positional arguments'):
self.call(test, 1)
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, foo=1), 1)
def test(a, *, foo=1, bar):
return foo
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
"missing a required argument: 'bar'"):
self.call(test, 1)
def test(foo, *, bar):
return foo, bar
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, bar=2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, bar=2, foo=1), (1, 2))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(
TypeError, "got an unexpected keyword argument 'spam'"):
self.call(test, bar=2, foo=1, spam=10)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
'too many positional arguments'):
self.call(test, 1, 2)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
'too many positional arguments'):
self.call(test, 1, 2, bar=2)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(
TypeError, "got an unexpected keyword argument 'spam'"):
self.call(test, 1, bar=2, spam='ham')
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
"missing a required argument: 'bar'"):
self.call(test, 1)
def test(foo, *, bar, **bin):
return foo, bar, bin
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, bar=2), (1, 2, {}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, foo=1, bar=2), (1, 2, {}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, bar=2, spam='ham'),
(1, 2, {'spam': 'ham'}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, spam='ham', foo=1, bar=2),
(1, 2, {'spam': 'ham'}))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
"missing a required argument: 'foo'"):
self.call(test, spam='ham', bar=2)
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, bar=2, bin=1, spam=10),
(1, 2, {'bin': 1, 'spam': 10}))
def test_signature_bind_arguments(self):
def test(a, *args, b, z=100, **kwargs):
pass
sig = inspect.signature(test)
ba = sig.bind(10, 20, b=30, c=40, args=50, kwargs=60)
# we won't have 'z' argument in the bound arguments object, as we didn't
# pass it to the 'bind'
self.assertEqual(tuple(ba.arguments.items()),
(('a', 10), ('args', (20,)), ('b', 30),
('kwargs', {'c': 40, 'args': 50, 'kwargs': 60})))
self.assertEqual(ba.kwargs,
{'b': 30, 'c': 40, 'args': 50, 'kwargs': 60})
self.assertEqual(ba.args, (10, 20))
def test_signature_bind_positional_only(self):
P = inspect.Parameter
def test(a_po, b_po, c_po=3, foo=42, *, bar=50, **kwargs):
return a_po, b_po, c_po, foo, bar, kwargs
sig = inspect.signature(test)
new_params = collections.OrderedDict(tuple(sig.parameters.items()))
for name in ('a_po', 'b_po', 'c_po'):
new_params[name] = new_params[name].replace(kind=P.POSITIONAL_ONLY)
new_sig = sig.replace(parameters=new_params.values())
test.__signature__ = new_sig
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2, 4, 5, bar=6),
(1, 2, 4, 5, 6, {}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2),
(1, 2, 3, 42, 50, {}))
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2, foo=4, bar=5),
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, {}))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "but was passed as a keyword"):
self.call(test, 1, 2, foo=4, bar=5, c_po=10)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "parameter is positional only"):
self.call(test, 1, 2, c_po=4)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "parameter is positional only"):
self.call(test, a_po=1, b_po=2)
def test_signature_bind_with_self_arg(self):
# Issue #17071: one of the parameters is named "self
def test(a, self, b):
pass
sig = inspect.signature(test)
ba = sig.bind(1, 2, 3)
self.assertEqual(ba.args, (1, 2, 3))
ba = sig.bind(1, self=2, b=3)
self.assertEqual(ba.args, (1, 2, 3))
def test_signature_bind_vararg_name(self):
def test(a, *args):
return a, args
sig = inspect.signature(test)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(
TypeError, "got an unexpected keyword argument 'args'"):
sig.bind(a=0, args=1)
def test(*args, **kwargs):
return args, kwargs
self.assertEqual(self.call(test, args=1), ((), {'args': 1}))
sig = inspect.signature(test)
ba = sig.bind(args=1)
self.assertEqual(ba.arguments, {'kwargs': {'args': 1}})
@cpython_only
def test_signature_bind_implicit_arg(self):
# Issue #19611: getcallargs should work with set comprehensions
def make_set():
return {z * z for z in range(5)}
setcomp_code = make_set.__code__.co_consts[1]
setcomp_func = types.FunctionType(setcomp_code, {})
iterator = iter(range(5))
self.assertEqual(self.call(setcomp_func, iterator), {0, 1, 4, 9, 16})
def test_signature_bind_posonly_kwargs(self):
def foo(bar, /, **kwargs):
return bar, kwargs.get(bar)
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
result = sig.bind("pos-only", bar="keyword")
self.assertEqual(result.kwargs, {"bar": "keyword"})
self.assertIn(("bar", "pos-only"), result.arguments.items())
class TestBoundArguments(unittest.TestCase):
def test_signature_bound_arguments_unhashable(self):
def foo(a): pass
ba = inspect.signature(foo).bind(1)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'unhashable type'):
hash(ba)
def test_signature_bound_arguments_equality(self):
def foo(a): pass
ba = inspect.signature(foo).bind(1)
self.assertTrue(ba == ba)
self.assertFalse(ba != ba)
self.assertTrue(ba == ALWAYS_EQ)
self.assertFalse(ba != ALWAYS_EQ)
ba2 = inspect.signature(foo).bind(1)
self.assertTrue(ba == ba2)
self.assertFalse(ba != ba2)
ba3 = inspect.signature(foo).bind(2)
self.assertFalse(ba == ba3)
self.assertTrue(ba != ba3)
ba3.arguments['a'] = 1
self.assertTrue(ba == ba3)
self.assertFalse(ba != ba3)
def bar(b): pass
ba4 = inspect.signature(bar).bind(1)
self.assertFalse(ba == ba4)
self.assertTrue(ba != ba4)
def foo(*, a, b): pass
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
ba1 = sig.bind(a=1, b=2)
ba2 = sig.bind(b=2, a=1)
self.assertTrue(ba1 == ba2)
self.assertFalse(ba1 != ba2)
def test_signature_bound_arguments_pickle(self):
def foo(a, b, *, c:1={}, **kw) -> {42:'ham'}: pass
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
ba = sig.bind(20, 30, z={})
for ver in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
with self.subTest(pickle_ver=ver):
ba_pickled = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(ba, ver))
self.assertEqual(ba, ba_pickled)
def test_signature_bound_arguments_repr(self):
def foo(a, b, *, c:1={}, **kw) -> {42:'ham'}: pass
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
ba = sig.bind(20, 30, z={})
self.assertRegex(repr(ba), r'<BoundArguments \(a=20,.*\}\}\)>')
def test_signature_bound_arguments_apply_defaults(self):
def foo(a, b=1, *args, c:1={}, **kw): pass
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
ba = sig.bind(20)
ba.apply_defaults()
self.assertEqual(
list(ba.arguments.items()),
[('a', 20), ('b', 1), ('args', ()), ('c', {}), ('kw', {})])
# Make sure that we preserve the order:
# i.e. 'c' should be *before* 'kw'.
ba = sig.bind(10, 20, 30, d=1)
ba.apply_defaults()
self.assertEqual(
list(ba.arguments.items()),
[('a', 10), ('b', 20), ('args', (30,)), ('c', {}), ('kw', {'d':1})])
# Make sure that BoundArguments produced by bind_partial()
# are supported.
def foo(a, b): pass
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
ba = sig.bind_partial(20)
ba.apply_defaults()
self.assertEqual(
list(ba.arguments.items()),
[('a', 20)])
# Test no args
def foo(): pass
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
ba = sig.bind()
ba.apply_defaults()
self.assertEqual(list(ba.arguments.items()), [])
# Make sure a no-args binding still acquires proper defaults.
def foo(a='spam'): pass
sig = inspect.signature(foo)
ba = sig.bind()
ba.apply_defaults()
self.assertEqual(list(ba.arguments.items()), [('a', 'spam')])
def test_signature_bound_arguments_arguments_type(self):
def foo(a): pass
ba = inspect.signature(foo).bind(1)
self.assertIs(type(ba.arguments), dict)
class TestSignaturePrivateHelpers(unittest.TestCase):
def test_signature_get_bound_param(self):
getter = inspect._signature_get_bound_param
self.assertEqual(getter('($self)'), 'self')
self.assertEqual(getter('($self, obj)'), 'self')
self.assertEqual(getter('($cls, /, obj)'), 'cls')
def _strip_non_python_syntax(self, input,
clean_signature, self_parameter, last_positional_only):
computed_clean_signature, \
computed_self_parameter, \
computed_last_positional_only = \
inspect._signature_strip_non_python_syntax(input)
self.assertEqual(computed_clean_signature, clean_signature)
self.assertEqual(computed_self_parameter, self_parameter)
self.assertEqual(computed_last_positional_only, last_positional_only)
def test_signature_strip_non_python_syntax(self):
self._strip_non_python_syntax(
"($module, /, path, mode, *, dir_fd=None, " +
"effective_ids=False,\n follow_symlinks=True)",
"(module, path, mode, *, dir_fd=None, " +
"effective_ids=False, follow_symlinks=True)",
0,
0)
self._strip_non_python_syntax(
"($module, word, salt, /)",
"(module, word, salt)",
0,
2)
self._strip_non_python_syntax(
"(x, y=None, z=None, /)",
"(x, y=None, z=None)",
None,
2)
self._strip_non_python_syntax(
"(x, y=None, z=None)",
"(x, y=None, z=None)",
None,
None)
self._strip_non_python_syntax(
"(x,\n y=None,\n z = None )",
"(x, y=None, z=None)",
None,
None)
self._strip_non_python_syntax(
"",
"",
None,
None)
self._strip_non_python_syntax(
None,
None,
None,
None)
class TestSignatureDefinitions(unittest.TestCase):
# This test case provides a home for checking that particular APIs
# have signatures available for introspection
@cpython_only
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_builtins_have_signatures(self):
# This checks all builtin callables in CPython have signatures
# A few have signatures Signature can't yet handle, so we skip those
# since they will have to wait until PEP 457 adds the required
# introspection support to the inspect module
# Some others also haven't been converted yet for various other
# reasons, so we also skip those for the time being, but design
# the test to fail in order to indicate when it needs to be
# updated.
no_signature = set()
# These need PEP 457 groups
needs_groups = {"range", "slice", "dir", "getattr",
"next", "iter", "vars"}
no_signature |= needs_groups
# These need PEP 457 groups or a signature change to accept None
needs_semantic_update = {"round"}
no_signature |= needs_semantic_update
# These need *args support in Argument Clinic
needs_varargs = {"breakpoint", "min", "max", "print",
"__build_class__"}
no_signature |= needs_varargs
# These simply weren't covered in the initial AC conversion
# for builtin callables
not_converted_yet = {"open", "__import__"}
no_signature |= not_converted_yet
# These builtin types are expected to provide introspection info
types_with_signatures = set()
# Check the signatures we expect to be there
ns = vars(builtins)
for name, obj in sorted(ns.items()):
if not callable(obj):
continue
# The builtin types haven't been converted to AC yet
if isinstance(obj, type) and (name not in types_with_signatures):
# Note that this also skips all the exception types
no_signature.add(name)
if (name in no_signature):
# Not yet converted
continue
with self.subTest(builtin=name):
self.assertIsNotNone(inspect.signature(obj))
# Check callables that haven't been converted don't claim a signature
# This ensures this test will start failing as more signatures are
# added, so the affected items can be moved into the scope of the
# regression test above
for name in no_signature:
with self.subTest(builtin=name):
self.assertIsNone(obj.__text_signature__)
def test_python_function_override_signature(self):
def func(*args, **kwargs):
pass
func.__text_signature__ = '($self, a, b=1, *args, c, d=2, **kwargs)'
sig = inspect.signature(func)
self.assertIsNotNone(sig)
self.assertEqual(str(sig), '(self, /, a, b=1, *args, c, d=2, **kwargs)')
func.__text_signature__ = '($self, a, b=1, /, *args, c, d=2, **kwargs)'
sig = inspect.signature(func)
self.assertEqual(str(sig), '(self, a, b=1, /, *args, c, d=2, **kwargs)')
class NTimesUnwrappable:
def __init__(self, n):
self.n = n
self._next = None
@property
def __wrapped__(self):
if self.n <= 0:
raise Exception("Unwrapped too many times")
if self._next is None:
self._next = NTimesUnwrappable(self.n - 1)
return self._next
class TestUnwrap(unittest.TestCase):
def test_unwrap_one(self):
def func(a, b):
return a + b
wrapper = functools.lru_cache(maxsize=20)(func)
self.assertIs(inspect.unwrap(wrapper), func)
def test_unwrap_several(self):
def func(a, b):
return a + b
wrapper = func
for __ in range(10):
@functools.wraps(wrapper)
def wrapper():
pass
self.assertIsNot(wrapper.__wrapped__, func)
self.assertIs(inspect.unwrap(wrapper), func)
def test_stop(self):
def func1(a, b):
return a + b
@functools.wraps(func1)
def func2():
pass
@functools.wraps(func2)
def wrapper():
pass
func2.stop_here = 1
unwrapped = inspect.unwrap(wrapper,
stop=(lambda f: hasattr(f, "stop_here")))
self.assertIs(unwrapped, func2)
def test_cycle(self):
def func1(): pass
func1.__wrapped__ = func1
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'wrapper loop'):
inspect.unwrap(func1)
def func2(): pass
func2.__wrapped__ = func1
func1.__wrapped__ = func2
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'wrapper loop'):
inspect.unwrap(func1)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'wrapper loop'):
inspect.unwrap(func2)
def test_unhashable(self):
def func(): pass
func.__wrapped__ = None
class C:
__hash__ = None
__wrapped__ = func
self.assertIsNone(inspect.unwrap(C()))
def test_recursion_limit(self):
obj = NTimesUnwrappable(sys.getrecursionlimit() + 1)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'wrapper loop'):
inspect.unwrap(obj)
class TestMain(unittest.TestCase):
def test_only_source(self):
module = importlib.import_module('unittest')
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-m', 'inspect',
'unittest')
lines = out.decode().splitlines()
# ignore the final newline
self.assertEqual(lines[:-1], inspect.getsource(module).splitlines())
self.assertEqual(err, b'')
def test_custom_getattr(self):
def foo():
pass
foo.__signature__ = 42
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
inspect.signature(foo)
@unittest.skipIf(ThreadPoolExecutor is None,
'threads required to test __qualname__ for source files')
def test_qualname_source(self):
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-m', 'inspect',
'concurrent.futures:ThreadPoolExecutor')
lines = out.decode().splitlines()
# ignore the final newline
self.assertEqual(lines[:-1],
inspect.getsource(ThreadPoolExecutor).splitlines())
self.assertEqual(err, b'')
def test_builtins(self):
module = importlib.import_module('unittest')
_, out, err = assert_python_failure('-m', 'inspect',
'sys')
lines = err.decode().splitlines()
self.assertEqual(lines, ["Can't get info for builtin modules."])
def test_details(self):
module = importlib.import_module('unittest')
args = support.optim_args_from_interpreter_flags()
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok(*args, '-m', 'inspect',
'unittest', '--details')
output = out.decode()
# Just a quick sanity check on the output
self.assertIn(module.__name__, output)
self.assertIn(module.__file__, output)
self.assertIn(module.__cached__, output)
self.assertEqual(err, b'')
class TestReload(unittest.TestCase):
src_before = textwrap.dedent("""\
def foo():
print("Bla")
""")
src_after = textwrap.dedent("""\
def foo():
print("Oh no!")
""")
def assertInspectEqual(self, path, source):
inspected_src = inspect.getsource(source)
with open(path) as src:
self.assertEqual(
src.read().splitlines(True),
inspected_src.splitlines(True)
)
def test_getsource_reload(self):
# see issue 1218234
with _ready_to_import('reload_bug', self.src_before) as (name, path):
module = importlib.import_module(name)
self.assertInspectEqual(path, module)
with open(path, 'w') as src:
src.write(self.src_after)
self.assertInspectEqual(path, module)
def test_main():
run_unittest(
TestDecorators, TestRetrievingSourceCode, TestOneliners, TestBlockComments,
TestBuggyCases, TestInterpreterStack, TestClassesAndFunctions, TestPredicates,
TestGetcallargsFunctions, TestGetcallargsMethods,
TestGetcallargsUnboundMethods, TestGetattrStatic, TestGetGeneratorState,
TestNoEOL, TestSignatureObject, TestSignatureBind, TestParameterObject,
TestBoundArguments, TestSignaturePrivateHelpers,
TestSignatureDefinitions, TestIsDataDescriptor,
TestGetClosureVars, TestUnwrap, TestMain, TestReload,
TestGetCoroutineState, TestGettingSourceOfToplevelFrames
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_main()
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