716 lines
20 KiB
Python
716 lines
20 KiB
Python
'''An FTP client class, and some helper functions.
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Based on RFC 959: File Transfer Protocol
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(FTP), by J. Postel and J. Reynolds
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Changes and improvements suggested by Steve Majewski.
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Modified by Jack to work on the mac.
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Modified by Siebren to support docstrings and PASV.
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Example:
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>>> from ftplib import FTP
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>>> ftp = FTP('ftp.python.org') # connect to host, default port
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>>> ftp.login() # default, i.e.: user anonymous, passwd user@hostname
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'230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.'
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>>> ftp.retrlines('LIST') # list directory contents
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total 9
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drwxr-xr-x 8 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 .
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drwxr-xr-x 8 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 ..
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drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 bin
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drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 etc
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d-wxrwxr-x 2 ftp wheel 1024 Sep 5 13:43 incoming
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drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Nov 17 1993 lib
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drwxr-xr-x 6 1094 wheel 1024 Sep 13 19:07 pub
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drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 usr
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 312 Aug 1 1994 welcome.msg
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'226 Transfer complete.'
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>>> ftp.quit()
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'221 Goodbye.'
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>>>
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A nice test that reveals some of the network dialogue would be:
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python ftplib.py -d localhost -l -p -l
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'''
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import os
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import sys
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import string
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# Import SOCKS module if it exists, else standard socket module socket
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try:
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import SOCKS; socket = SOCKS
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except ImportError:
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import socket
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# Magic number from <socket.h>
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MSG_OOB = 0x1 # Process data out of band
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# The standard FTP server control port
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FTP_PORT = 21
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# Exception raised when an error or invalid response is received
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error_reply = 'ftplib.error_reply' # unexpected [123]xx reply
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error_temp = 'ftplib.error_temp' # 4xx errors
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error_perm = 'ftplib.error_perm' # 5xx errors
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error_proto = 'ftplib.error_proto' # response does not begin with [1-5]
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# All exceptions (hopefully) that may be raised here and that aren't
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# (always) programming errors on our side
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all_errors = (error_reply, error_temp, error_perm, error_proto, \
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socket.error, IOError, EOFError)
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# Line terminators (we always output CRLF, but accept any of CRLF, CR, LF)
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CRLF = '\r\n'
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# The class itself
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class FTP:
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'''An FTP client class.
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To create a connection, call the class using these argument:
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host, user, passwd, acct
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These are all strings, and have default value ''.
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Then use self.connect() with optional host and port argument.
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To download a file, use ftp.retrlines('RETR ' + filename),
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or ftp.retrbinary() with slightly different arguments.
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To upload a file, use ftp.storlines() or ftp.storbinary(),
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which have an open file as argument (see their definitions
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below for details).
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The download/upload functions first issue appropriate TYPE
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and PORT or PASV commands.
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'''
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# Initialization method (called by class instantiation).
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# Initialize host to localhost, port to standard ftp port
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# Optional arguments are host (for connect()),
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# and user, passwd, acct (for login())
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def __init__(self, host = '', user = '', passwd = '', acct = ''):
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# Initialize the instance to something mostly harmless
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self.debugging = 0
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self.host = ''
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self.port = FTP_PORT
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self.sock = None
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self.file = None
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self.welcome = None
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resp = None
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if host:
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resp = self.connect(host)
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if user: resp = self.login(user, passwd, acct)
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def connect(self, host = '', port = 0):
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'''Connect to host. Arguments are:
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- host: hostname to connect to (string, default previous host)
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- port: port to connect to (integer, default previous port)'''
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if host: self.host = host
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if port: self.port = port
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self.passiveserver = 0
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self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
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self.sock.connect(self.host, self.port)
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self.file = self.sock.makefile('rb')
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self.welcome = self.getresp()
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return self.welcome
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def getwelcome(self):
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'''Get the welcome message from the server.
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(this is read and squirreled away by connect())'''
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if self.debugging:
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print '*welcome*', self.sanitize(self.welcome)
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return self.welcome
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def set_debuglevel(self, level):
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'''Set the debugging level.
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The required argument level means:
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0: no debugging output (default)
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1: print commands and responses but not body text etc.
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2: also print raw lines read and sent before stripping CR/LF'''
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self.debugging = level
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debug = set_debuglevel
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def set_pasv(self, val):
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'''Use passive or active mode for data transfers.
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With a false argument, use the normal PORT mode,
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With a true argument, use the PASV command.'''
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self.passiveserver = val
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# Internal: "sanitize" a string for printing
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def sanitize(self, s):
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if s[:5] == 'pass ' or s[:5] == 'PASS ':
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i = len(s)
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while i > 5 and s[i-1] in '\r\n':
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i = i-1
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s = s[:5] + '*'*(i-5) + s[i:]
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return `s`
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# Internal: send one line to the server, appending CRLF
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def putline(self, line):
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line = line + CRLF
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if self.debugging > 1: print '*put*', self.sanitize(line)
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self.sock.send(line)
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# Internal: send one command to the server (through putline())
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def putcmd(self, line):
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if self.debugging: print '*cmd*', self.sanitize(line)
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self.putline(line)
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# Internal: return one line from the server, stripping CRLF.
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# Raise EOFError if the connection is closed
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def getline(self):
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line = self.file.readline()
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if self.debugging > 1:
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print '*get*', self.sanitize(line)
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if not line: raise EOFError
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if line[-2:] == CRLF: line = line[:-2]
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elif line[-1:] in CRLF: line = line[:-1]
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return line
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# Internal: get a response from the server, which may possibly
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# consist of multiple lines. Return a single string with no
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# trailing CRLF. If the response consists of multiple lines,
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# these are separated by '\n' characters in the string
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def getmultiline(self):
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line = self.getline()
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if line[3:4] == '-':
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code = line[:3]
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while 1:
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nextline = self.getline()
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line = line + ('\n' + nextline)
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if nextline[:3] == code and \
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nextline[3:4] <> '-':
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break
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return line
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# Internal: get a response from the server.
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# Raise various errors if the response indicates an error
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def getresp(self):
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resp = self.getmultiline()
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if self.debugging: print '*resp*', self.sanitize(resp)
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self.lastresp = resp[:3]
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c = resp[:1]
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if c == '4':
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raise error_temp, resp
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if c == '5':
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raise error_perm, resp
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if c not in '123':
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raise error_proto, resp
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return resp
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def voidresp(self):
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"""Expect a response beginning with '2'."""
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resp = self.getresp()
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if resp[0] <> '2':
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raise error_reply, resp
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return resp
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def abort(self):
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'''Abort a file transfer. Uses out-of-band data.
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This does not follow the procedure from the RFC to send Telnet
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IP and Synch; that doesn't seem to work with the servers I've
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tried. Instead, just send the ABOR command as OOB data.'''
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line = 'ABOR' + CRLF
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if self.debugging > 1: print '*put urgent*', self.sanitize(line)
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self.sock.send(line, MSG_OOB)
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resp = self.getmultiline()
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if resp[:3] not in ('426', '226'):
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raise error_proto, resp
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def sendcmd(self, cmd):
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'''Send a command and return the response.'''
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self.putcmd(cmd)
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return self.getresp()
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def voidcmd(self, cmd):
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"""Send a command and expect a response beginning with '2'."""
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self.putcmd(cmd)
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return self.voidresp()
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def sendport(self, host, port):
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'''Send a PORT command with the current host and the given port number.'''
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hbytes = string.splitfields(host, '.')
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pbytes = [`port/256`, `port%256`]
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bytes = hbytes + pbytes
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cmd = 'PORT ' + string.joinfields(bytes, ',')
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return self.voidcmd(cmd)
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def makeport(self):
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'''Create a new socket and send a PORT command for it.'''
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global nextport
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sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
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sock.bind(('', 0))
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sock.listen(1)
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dummyhost, port = sock.getsockname() # Get proper port
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host, dummyport = self.sock.getsockname() # Get proper host
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resp = self.sendport(host, port)
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return sock
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def ntransfercmd(self, cmd):
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'''Initiate a transfer over the data connection.
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If the transfer is active, send a port command and
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the transfer command, and accept the connection.
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If the server is passive, send a pasv command, connect
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to it, and start the transfer command.
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Either way, return the socket for the connection and
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the expected size of the transfer. The expected size
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may be None if it could not be determined.'''
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size = None
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if self.passiveserver:
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host, port = parse227(self.sendcmd('PASV'))
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conn = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
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conn.connect(host, port)
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resp = self.sendcmd(cmd)
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if resp[0] <> '1':
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raise error_reply, resp
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else:
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sock = self.makeport()
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resp = self.sendcmd(cmd)
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if resp[0] <> '1':
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raise error_reply, resp
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conn, sockaddr = sock.accept()
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if resp[:3] == '150':
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# this is conditional in case we received a 125
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size = parse150(resp)
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return conn, size
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def transfercmd(self, cmd):
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'''Initiate a transfer over the data connection. Returns
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the socket for the connection. See also ntransfercmd().'''
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return self.ntransfercmd(cmd)[0]
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def login(self, user = '', passwd = '', acct = ''):
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'''Login, default anonymous.'''
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if not user: user = 'anonymous'
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if not passwd: passwd = ''
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if not acct: acct = ''
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if user == 'anonymous' and passwd in ('', '-'):
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thishost = socket.gethostname()
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# Make sure it is fully qualified
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if not '.' in thishost:
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thisaddr = socket.gethostbyname(thishost)
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firstname, names, unused = \
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socket.gethostbyaddr(thisaddr)
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names.insert(0, firstname)
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for name in names:
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if '.' in name:
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thishost = name
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break
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try:
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if os.environ.has_key('LOGNAME'):
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realuser = os.environ['LOGNAME']
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elif os.environ.has_key('USER'):
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realuser = os.environ['USER']
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else:
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realuser = 'anonymous'
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except AttributeError:
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# Not all systems have os.environ....
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realuser = 'anonymous'
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passwd = passwd + realuser + '@' + thishost
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resp = self.sendcmd('USER ' + user)
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if resp[0] == '3': resp = self.sendcmd('PASS ' + passwd)
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if resp[0] == '3': resp = self.sendcmd('ACCT ' + acct)
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if resp[0] <> '2':
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raise error_reply, resp
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return resp
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def retrbinary(self, cmd, callback, blocksize=8192):
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'''Retrieve data in binary mode.
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The argument is a RETR command.
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The callback function is called for each block.
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This creates a new port for you'''
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self.voidcmd('TYPE I')
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conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
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while 1:
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data = conn.recv(blocksize)
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if not data:
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break
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callback(data)
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conn.close()
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return self.voidresp()
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def retrlines(self, cmd, callback = None):
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'''Retrieve data in line mode.
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The argument is a RETR or LIST command.
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The callback function (2nd argument) is called for each line,
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with trailing CRLF stripped. This creates a new port for you.
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print_lines is the default callback.'''
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if not callback: callback = print_line
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resp = self.sendcmd('TYPE A')
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conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
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fp = conn.makefile('rb')
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while 1:
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line = fp.readline()
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if self.debugging > 2: print '*retr*', `line`
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if not line:
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break
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if line[-2:] == CRLF:
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line = line[:-2]
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elif line[:-1] == '\n':
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line = line[:-1]
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callback(line)
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fp.close()
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conn.close()
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return self.voidresp()
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def storbinary(self, cmd, fp, blocksize):
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'''Store a file in binary mode.'''
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self.voidcmd('TYPE I')
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conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
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while 1:
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buf = fp.read(blocksize)
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if not buf: break
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conn.send(buf)
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conn.close()
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return self.voidresp()
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def storlines(self, cmd, fp):
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'''Store a file in line mode.'''
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self.voidcmd('TYPE A')
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conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
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while 1:
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buf = fp.readline()
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if not buf: break
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if buf[-2:] <> CRLF:
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if buf[-1] in CRLF: buf = buf[:-1]
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buf = buf + CRLF
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conn.send(buf)
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conn.close()
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return self.voidresp()
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def acct(self, password):
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'''Send new account name.'''
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cmd = 'ACCT ' + password
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return self.voidcmd(cmd)
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def nlst(self, *args):
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'''Return a list of files in a given directory (default the current).'''
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cmd = 'NLST'
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for arg in args:
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cmd = cmd + (' ' + arg)
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files = []
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self.retrlines(cmd, files.append)
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return files
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def dir(self, *args):
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'''List a directory in long form.
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By default list current directory to stdout.
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Optional last argument is callback function; all
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non-empty arguments before it are concatenated to the
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LIST command. (This *should* only be used for a pathname.)'''
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cmd = 'LIST'
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func = None
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if args[-1:] and type(args[-1]) != type(''):
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args, func = args[:-1], args[-1]
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for arg in args:
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if arg:
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cmd = cmd + (' ' + arg)
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self.retrlines(cmd, func)
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def rename(self, fromname, toname):
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'''Rename a file.'''
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resp = self.sendcmd('RNFR ' + fromname)
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if resp[0] <> '3':
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raise error_reply, resp
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return self.voidcmd('RNTO ' + toname)
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def delete(self, filename):
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'''Delete a file.'''
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resp = self.sendcmd('DELE ' + filename)
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if resp[:3] in ('250', '200'):
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return resp
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elif resp[:1] == '5':
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raise error_perm, resp
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else:
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raise error_reply, resp
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def cwd(self, dirname):
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'''Change to a directory.'''
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if dirname == '..':
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try:
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return self.voidcmd('CDUP')
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except error_perm, msg:
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if msg[:3] != '500':
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raise error_perm, msg
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cmd = 'CWD ' + dirname
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return self.voidcmd(cmd)
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def size(self, filename):
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'''Retrieve the size of a file.'''
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# Note that the RFC doesn't say anything about 'SIZE'
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resp = self.sendcmd('SIZE ' + filename)
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if resp[:3] == '213':
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return string.atoi(string.strip(resp[3:]))
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def mkd(self, dirname):
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'''Make a directory, return its full pathname.'''
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resp = self.sendcmd('MKD ' + dirname)
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return parse257(resp)
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def rmd(self, dirname):
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'''Remove a directory.'''
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return self.voidcmd('RMD ' + dirname)
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def pwd(self):
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'''Return current working directory.'''
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resp = self.sendcmd('PWD')
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return parse257(resp)
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def quit(self):
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'''Quit, and close the connection.'''
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resp = self.voidcmd('QUIT')
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self.close()
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return resp
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def close(self):
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'''Close the connection without assuming anything about it.'''
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self.file.close()
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self.sock.close()
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del self.file, self.sock
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_150_re = None
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def parse150(resp):
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'''Parse the '150' response for a RETR request.
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Returns the expected transfer size or None; size is not guaranteed to
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be present in the 150 message.
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'''
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if resp[:3] != '150':
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raise error_reply, resp
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global _150_re
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if _150_re is None:
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import re
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_150_re = re.compile("150 .* \((\d+) bytes\)", re.IGNORECASE)
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m = _150_re.match(resp)
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if m:
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return string.atoi(m.group(1))
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return None
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def parse227(resp):
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'''Parse the '227' response for a PASV request.
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Raises error_proto if it does not contain '(h1,h2,h3,h4,p1,p2)'
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Return ('host.addr.as.numbers', port#) tuple.'''
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if resp[:3] <> '227':
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raise error_reply, resp
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left = string.find(resp, '(')
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if left < 0: raise error_proto, resp
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right = string.find(resp, ')', left + 1)
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if right < 0:
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raise error_proto, resp # should contain '(h1,h2,h3,h4,p1,p2)'
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numbers = string.split(resp[left+1:right], ',')
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if len(numbers) <> 6:
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raise error_proto, resp
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host = string.join(numbers[:4], '.')
|
||
port = (string.atoi(numbers[4]) << 8) + string.atoi(numbers[5])
|
||
return host, port
|
||
|
||
|
||
def parse257(resp):
|
||
'''Parse the '257' response for a MKD or PWD request.
|
||
This is a response to a MKD or PWD request: a directory name.
|
||
Returns the directoryname in the 257 reply.'''
|
||
|
||
if resp[:3] <> '257':
|
||
raise error_reply, resp
|
||
if resp[3:5] <> ' "':
|
||
return '' # Not compliant to RFC 959, but UNIX ftpd does this
|
||
dirname = ''
|
||
i = 5
|
||
n = len(resp)
|
||
while i < n:
|
||
c = resp[i]
|
||
i = i+1
|
||
if c == '"':
|
||
if i >= n or resp[i] <> '"':
|
||
break
|
||
i = i+1
|
||
dirname = dirname + c
|
||
return dirname
|
||
|
||
|
||
def print_line(line):
|
||
'''Default retrlines callback to print a line.'''
|
||
print line
|
||
|
||
|
||
def ftpcp(source, sourcename, target, targetname = '', type = 'I'):
|
||
'''Copy file from one FTP-instance to another.'''
|
||
if not targetname: targetname = sourcename
|
||
type = 'TYPE ' + type
|
||
source.voidcmd(type)
|
||
target.voidcmd(type)
|
||
sourcehost, sourceport = parse227(source.sendcmd('PASV'))
|
||
target.sendport(sourcehost, sourceport)
|
||
# RFC 959: the user must "listen" [...] BEFORE sending the
|
||
# transfer request.
|
||
# So: STOR before RETR, because here the target is a "user".
|
||
treply = target.sendcmd('STOR ' + targetname)
|
||
if treply[:3] not in ('125', '150'): raise error_proto # RFC 959
|
||
sreply = source.sendcmd('RETR ' + sourcename)
|
||
if sreply[:3] not in ('125', '150'): raise error_proto # RFC 959
|
||
source.voidresp()
|
||
target.voidresp()
|
||
|
||
|
||
class Netrc:
|
||
"""Class to parse & provide access to 'netrc' format files.
|
||
|
||
See the netrc(4) man page for information on the file format.
|
||
|
||
"""
|
||
__defuser = None
|
||
__defpasswd = None
|
||
__defacct = None
|
||
|
||
def __init__(self, filename=None):
|
||
if not filename:
|
||
if os.environ.has_key("HOME"):
|
||
filename = os.path.join(os.environ["HOME"],
|
||
".netrc")
|
||
else:
|
||
raise IOError, \
|
||
"specify file to load or set $HOME"
|
||
self.__hosts = {}
|
||
self.__macros = {}
|
||
fp = open(filename, "r")
|
||
in_macro = 0
|
||
while 1:
|
||
line = fp.readline()
|
||
if not line: break
|
||
if in_macro and string.strip(line):
|
||
macro_lines.append(line)
|
||
continue
|
||
elif in_macro:
|
||
self.__macros[macro_name] = tuple(macro_lines)
|
||
in_macro = 0
|
||
words = string.split(line)
|
||
host = user = passwd = acct = None
|
||
default = 0
|
||
i = 0
|
||
while i < len(words):
|
||
w1 = words[i]
|
||
if i+1 < len(words):
|
||
w2 = words[i + 1]
|
||
else:
|
||
w2 = None
|
||
if w1 == 'default':
|
||
default = 1
|
||
elif w1 == 'machine' and w2:
|
||
host = string.lower(w2)
|
||
i = i + 1
|
||
elif w1 == 'login' and w2:
|
||
user = w2
|
||
i = i + 1
|
||
elif w1 == 'password' and w2:
|
||
passwd = w2
|
||
i = i + 1
|
||
elif w1 == 'account' and w2:
|
||
acct = w2
|
||
i = i + 1
|
||
elif w1 == 'macdef' and w2:
|
||
macro_name = w2
|
||
macro_lines = []
|
||
in_macro = 1
|
||
break
|
||
i = i + 1
|
||
if default:
|
||
self.__defuser = user or self.__defuser
|
||
self.__defpasswd = passwd or self.__defpasswd
|
||
self.__defacct = acct or self.__defacct
|
||
if host:
|
||
if self.__hosts.has_key(host):
|
||
ouser, opasswd, oacct = \
|
||
self.__hosts[host]
|
||
user = user or ouser
|
||
passwd = passwd or opasswd
|
||
acct = acct or oacct
|
||
self.__hosts[host] = user, passwd, acct
|
||
fp.close()
|
||
|
||
def get_hosts(self):
|
||
"""Return a list of hosts mentioned in the .netrc file."""
|
||
return self.__hosts.keys()
|
||
|
||
def get_account(self, host):
|
||
"""Returns login information for the named host.
|
||
|
||
The return value is a triple containing userid,
|
||
password, and the accounting field.
|
||
|
||
"""
|
||
host = string.lower(host)
|
||
user = passwd = acct = None
|
||
if self.__hosts.has_key(host):
|
||
user, passwd, acct = self.__hosts[host]
|
||
user = user or self.__defuser
|
||
passwd = passwd or self.__defpasswd
|
||
acct = acct or self.__defacct
|
||
return user, passwd, acct
|
||
|
||
def get_macros(self):
|
||
"""Return a list of all defined macro names."""
|
||
return self.__macros.keys()
|
||
|
||
def get_macro(self, macro):
|
||
"""Return a sequence of lines which define a named macro."""
|
||
return self.__macros[macro]
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
def test():
|
||
'''Test program.
|
||
Usage: ftp [-d] [-r[file]] host [-l[dir]] [-d[dir]] [-p] [file] ...'''
|
||
|
||
debugging = 0
|
||
rcfile = None
|
||
while sys.argv[1] == '-d':
|
||
debugging = debugging+1
|
||
del sys.argv[1]
|
||
if sys.argv[1][:2] == '-r':
|
||
# get name of alternate ~/.netrc file:
|
||
rcfile = sys.argv[1][2:]
|
||
del sys.argv[1]
|
||
host = sys.argv[1]
|
||
ftp = FTP(host)
|
||
ftp.set_debuglevel(debugging)
|
||
userid = passwd = acct = ''
|
||
try:
|
||
netrc = Netrc(rcfile)
|
||
except IOError:
|
||
if rcfile is not None:
|
||
sys.stderr.write("Could not open account file"
|
||
" -- using anonymous login.")
|
||
else:
|
||
try:
|
||
userid, passwd, acct = netrc.get_account(host)
|
||
except KeyError:
|
||
# no account for host
|
||
sys.stderr.write(
|
||
"No account -- using anonymous login.")
|
||
ftp.login(userid, passwd, acct)
|
||
for file in sys.argv[2:]:
|
||
if file[:2] == '-l':
|
||
ftp.dir(file[2:])
|
||
elif file[:2] == '-d':
|
||
cmd = 'CWD'
|
||
if file[2:]: cmd = cmd + ' ' + file[2:]
|
||
resp = ftp.sendcmd(cmd)
|
||
elif file == '-p':
|
||
ftp.set_pasv(not ftp.passiveserver)
|
||
else:
|
||
ftp.retrbinary('RETR ' + file, \
|
||
sys.stdout.write, 1024)
|
||
ftp.quit()
|
||
|
||
|
||
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
||
test()
|