#!/usr/bin/env python """Generate Python documentation in HTML or text for interactive use. In the Python interpreter, do "from pydoc import help" to provide online help. Calling help(thing) on a Python object documents the object. At the shell command line outside of Python: Run "pydoc " to show documentation on something. may be the name of a function, module, package, or a dotted reference to a class or function within a module or module in a package. If the argument contains a path segment delimiter (e.g. slash on Unix, backslash on Windows) it is treated as the path to a Python source file. Run "pydoc -k " to search for a keyword in the synopsis lines of all available modules. Run "pydoc -p " to start an HTTP server on a given port on the local machine to generate documentation web pages. For platforms without a command line, "pydoc -g" starts the HTTP server and also pops up a little window for controlling it. Run "pydoc -w " to write out the HTML documentation for a module to a file named ".html". """ __author__ = "Ka-Ping Yee " __date__ = "26 February 2001" __version__ = "$Revision$" __credits__ = """Guido van Rossum, for an excellent programming language. Tommy Burnette, the original creator of manpy. Paul Prescod, for all his work on onlinehelp. Richard Chamberlain, for the first implementation of textdoc. Mynd you, møøse bites Kan be pretty nasti...""" # Note: this module is designed to deploy instantly and run under any # version of Python from 1.5 and up. That's why it's a single file and # some 2.0 features (like string methods) are conspicuously avoided. import sys, imp, os, stat, re, types, inspect from repr import Repr from string import expandtabs, find, join, lower, split, strip, rstrip # --------------------------------------------------------- common routines def synopsis(filename, cache={}): """Get the one-line summary out of a module file.""" mtime = os.stat(filename)[stat.ST_MTIME] lastupdate, result = cache.get(filename, (0, None)) if lastupdate < mtime: file = open(filename) line = file.readline() while line[:1] == '#' or strip(line) == '': line = file.readline() if not line: break if line[-2:] == '\\\n': line = line[:-2] + file.readline() line = strip(line) if line[:3] == '"""': line = line[3:] while strip(line) == '': line = file.readline() if not line: break result = strip(split(line, '"""')[0]) else: result = None file.close() cache[filename] = (mtime, result) return result def pathdirs(): """Convert sys.path into a list of absolute, existing, unique paths.""" dirs = [] normdirs = [] for dir in sys.path: dir = os.path.abspath(dir or '.') normdir = os.path.normcase(dir) if normdir not in normdirs and os.path.isdir(dir): dirs.append(dir) normdirs.append(normdir) return dirs def getdoc(object): """Get the doc string or comments for an object.""" result = inspect.getdoc(object) if not result: try: result = inspect.getcomments(object) except: pass return result and re.sub('^ *\n', '', rstrip(result)) or '' def classname(object, modname): """Get a class name and qualify it with a module name if necessary.""" name = object.__name__ if object.__module__ != modname: name = object.__module__ + '.' + name return name def isconstant(object): """Check if an object is of a type that probably means it's a constant.""" return type(object) in [ types.FloatType, types.IntType, types.ListType, types.LongType, types.StringType, types.TupleType, types.TypeType, hasattr(types, 'UnicodeType') and types.UnicodeType or 0] def replace(text, *pairs): """Do a series of global replacements on a string.""" for old, new in pairs: text = join(split(text, old), new) return text def cram(text, maxlen): """Omit part of a string if needed to make it fit in a maximum length.""" if len(text) > maxlen: pre = max(0, (maxlen-3)/2) post = max(0, maxlen-3-pre) return text[:pre] + '...' + text[len(text)-post:] return text def stripid(text): """Remove the hexadecimal id from a Python object representation.""" # The behaviour of %p is implementation-dependent, so we need an example. for pattern in [' at 0x[0-9a-f]{6,}>$', ' at [0-9A-F]{8,}>$']: if re.search(pattern, repr(Exception)): return re.sub(pattern, '>', text) return text def modulename(path): """Return the Python module name for a given path, or None.""" filename = os.path.basename(path) suffixes = map(lambda (suffix, mode, kind): (len(suffix), suffix), imp.get_suffixes()) suffixes.sort() suffixes.reverse() # try longest suffixes first, in case they overlap for length, suffix in suffixes: if len(filename) > length and filename[-length:] == suffix: return filename[:-length] class DocImportError(Exception): """Class for errors while trying to import something to document it.""" def __init__(self, filename, etype, evalue): self.filename = filename self.etype = etype self.evalue = evalue if type(etype) is types.ClassType: etype = etype.__name__ self.args = '%s: %s' % (etype, evalue) def importfile(path): """Import a Python source file or compiled file given its path.""" magic = imp.get_magic() file = open(path, 'r') if file.read(len(magic)) == magic: kind = imp.PY_COMPILED else: kind = imp.PY_SOURCE file.close() filename = os.path.basename(path) name, ext = os.path.splitext(filename) file = open(path, 'r') try: module = imp.load_module(name, file, path, (ext, 'r', kind)) except: raise DocImportError(path, sys.exc_type, sys.exc_value) file.close() return module def ispackage(path): """Guess whether a path refers to a package directory.""" if os.path.isdir(path): init = os.path.join(path, '__init__.py') initc = os.path.join(path, '__init__.pyc') if os.path.isfile(init) or os.path.isfile(initc): return 1 # ---------------------------------------------------- formatter base class class Doc: def document(self, object, *args): """Generate documentation for an object.""" args = (object,) + args if inspect.ismodule(object): return apply(self.docmodule, args) if inspect.isclass(object): return apply(self.docclass, args) if inspect.isroutine(object): return apply(self.docroutine, args) raise TypeError, "don't know how to document objects of type " + \ type(object).__name__ # -------------------------------------------- HTML documentation generator class HTMLRepr(Repr): """Class for safely making an HTML representation of a Python object.""" def __init__(self): Repr.__init__(self) self.maxlist = self.maxtuple = self.maxdict = 10 self.maxstring = self.maxother = 50 def escape(self, text): return replace(text, ('&', '&'), ('<', '<'), ('>', '>')) def repr(self, object): result = Repr.repr(self, object) return result def repr1(self, x, level): methodname = 'repr_' + join(split(type(x).__name__), '_') if hasattr(self, methodname): return getattr(self, methodname)(x, level) else: return self.escape(cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxother)) def repr_string(self, x, level): test = cram(x, self.maxstring) testrepr = repr(test) if '\\' in test and '\\' not in replace(testrepr, (r'\\', '')): # Backslashes are only literal in the string and are never # needed to make any special characters, so show a raw string. return 'r' + testrepr[0] + self.escape(test) + testrepr[0] return re.sub(r'((\\[\\abfnrtv\'"]|\\x..|\\u....)+)', r'\1', self.escape(testrepr)) def repr_instance(self, x, level): try: return cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxstring) except: return self.escape('<%s instance>' % x.__class__.__name__) repr_unicode = repr_string class HTMLDoc(Doc): """Formatter class for HTML documentation.""" # ------------------------------------------- HTML formatting utilities _repr_instance = HTMLRepr() repr = _repr_instance.repr escape = _repr_instance.escape def preformat(self, text): """Format literal preformatted text.""" text = self.escape(expandtabs(text)) return replace(text, ('\n\n', '\n \n'), ('\n\n', '\n \n'), (' ', ' '), ('\n', '
\n')) def multicolumn(self, list, format, cols=4): """Format a list of items into a multi-column list.""" result = '' rows = (len(list)+cols-1)/cols for col in range(cols): result = result + '' % (100/cols) for i in range(rows*col, rows*col+rows): if i < len(list): result = result + format(list[i]) + '
' result = result + '' return '%s
' % result def heading(self, title, fgcol, bgcol, extras=''): """Format a page heading.""" return """

 

 %s
%s 
""" % (bgcol, fgcol, title, fgcol, extras or ' ') def section(self, title, fgcol, bgcol, contents, width=20, prelude='', marginalia=None, gap='   '): """Format a section with a heading.""" if marginalia is None: marginalia = ' ' * width result = """

""" % (bgcol, fgcol, title) if prelude: result = result + """ """ % (bgcol, marginalia, bgcol, prelude) result = result + """ """ % (bgcol, marginalia, gap) result = result + '
 
 %s
%s %s
%s%s%s
' % contents return result def bigsection(self, title, *args): """Format a section with a big heading.""" title = '%s' % title return apply(self.section, (title,) + args) def namelink(self, name, *dicts): """Make a link for an identifier, given name-to-URL mappings.""" for dict in dicts: if dict.has_key(name): return '%s' % (dict[name], name) return name def classlink(self, object, modname, *dicts): """Make a link for a class.""" name = object.__name__ if object.__module__ != modname: name = object.__module__ + '.' + name for dict in dicts: if dict.has_key(object): return '%s' % (dict[object], name) return name def modulelink(self, object): """Make a link for a module.""" return '%s' % (object.__name__, object.__name__) def modpkglink(self, (name, path, ispackage, shadowed)): """Make a link for a module or package to display in an index.""" if shadowed: return '%s' % name if path: url = '%s.%s.html' % (path, name) else: url = '%s.html' % name if ispackage: text = '%s (package)' % name else: text = name return '%s' % (url, text) def markup(self, text, escape=None, funcs={}, classes={}, methods={}): """Mark up some plain text, given a context of symbols to look for. Each context dictionary maps object names to anchor names.""" escape = escape or self.escape results = [] here = 0 pattern = re.compile(r'\b(((http|ftp)://\S+[\w/])|' r'(RFC[- ]?(\d+))|' r'(self\.)?(\w+))\b') while 1: match = pattern.search(text, here) if not match: break start, end = match.span() results.append(escape(text[here:start])) all, url, scheme, rfc, rfcnum, selfdot, name = match.groups() if url: results.append('%s' % (url, escape(url))) elif rfc: url = 'http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc%s.txt' % rfcnum results.append('%s' % (url, escape(rfc))) else: if text[end:end+1] == '(': results.append(self.namelink(name, methods, funcs, classes)) elif selfdot: results.append('self.%s' % name) else: results.append(self.namelink(name, classes)) here = end results.append(escape(text[here:])) return join(results, '') # ---------------------------------------------- type-specific routines def doctree(self, tree, modname, classes={}, parent=None): """Produce HTML for a class tree as given by inspect.getclasstree().""" result = '' for entry in tree: if type(entry) is type(()): c, bases = entry result = result + '

' result = result + self.classlink(c, modname, classes) if bases and bases != (parent,): parents = [] for base in bases: parents.append(self.classlink(base, modname, classes)) result = result + '(' + join(parents, ', ') + ')' result = result + '\n
' elif type(entry) is type([]): result = result + \ '
\n%s
\n' % self.doctree(entry, modname, classes, c) return '
\n%s
\n' % result def docmodule(self, object): """Produce HTML documentation for a module object.""" name = object.__name__ parts = split(name, '.') links = [] for i in range(len(parts)-1): links.append( '%s' % (join(parts[:i+1], '.'), parts[i])) linkedname = join(links + parts[-1:], '.') head = '%s' % linkedname try: path = inspect.getabsfile(object) filelink = '%s' % (path, path) except TypeError: filelink = '(built-in)' info = [] if hasattr(object, '__version__'): version = str(object.__version__) if version[:11] == '$' + 'Revision: ' and version[-1:] == '$': version = strip(version[11:-1]) info.append('version %s' % self.escape(version)) if hasattr(object, '__date__'): info.append(self.escape(str(object.__date__))) if info: head = head + ' (%s)' % join(info, ', ') result = self.heading( head, '#ffffff', '#7799ee', 'index
' + filelink) second = lambda list: list[1] modules = map(second, inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.ismodule)) classes, cdict = [], {} for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isclass): if (inspect.getmodule(value) or object) is object: classes.append(value) cdict[key] = cdict[value] = '#' + key funcs, fdict = [], {} for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isroutine): if inspect.isbuiltin(value) or inspect.getmodule(value) is object: funcs.append(value) fdict[key] = '#-' + key if inspect.isfunction(value): fdict[value] = fdict[key] for c in classes: for base in c.__bases__: key, modname = base.__name__, base.__module__ if modname != name and sys.modules.has_key(modname): module = sys.modules[modname] if hasattr(module, key) and getattr(module, key) is base: if not cdict.has_key(key): cdict[key] = cdict[base] = modname + '.html#' + key constants = [] for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, isconstant): if key[:1] != '_': constants.append((key, value)) doc = self.markup(getdoc(object), self.preformat, fdict, cdict) doc = doc and '%s' % doc result = result + '

%s

\n' % doc if hasattr(object, '__path__'): modpkgs = [] modnames = [] for file in os.listdir(object.__path__[0]): if file[:1] != '_': path = os.path.join(object.__path__[0], file) modname = modulename(file) if modname and modname not in modnames: modpkgs.append((modname, name, 0, 0)) modnames.append(modname) elif ispackage(path): modpkgs.append((file, name, 1, 0)) modpkgs.sort() contents = self.multicolumn(modpkgs, self.modpkglink) result = result + self.bigsection( 'Package Contents', '#ffffff', '#aa55cc', contents) elif modules: contents = self.multicolumn(modules, self.modulelink) result = result + self.bigsection( 'Modules', '#fffff', '#aa55cc', contents) if classes: contents = self.doctree( inspect.getclasstree(classes, 1), name, cdict) for item in classes: contents = contents + self.document(item, fdict, cdict) result = result + self.bigsection( 'Classes', '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents) if funcs: contents = '' for item in funcs: contents = contents + self.document(item, fdict, cdict) result = result + self.bigsection( 'Functions', '#ffffff', '#eeaa77', contents) if constants: contents = '' for key, value in constants: contents = contents + ('
%s = %s' % (key, self.repr(value))) result = result + self.bigsection( 'Constants', '#ffffff', '#55aa55', contents) if hasattr(object, '__author__'): contents = self.markup(str(object.__author__), self.preformat) result = result + self.bigsection( 'Author', '#ffffff', '#7799ee', contents) if hasattr(object, '__credits__'): contents = self.markup(str(object.__credits__), self.preformat) result = result + self.bigsection( 'Credits', '#ffffff', '#7799ee', contents) return result def docclass(self, object, funcs={}, classes={}): """Produce HTML documentation for a class object.""" name = object.__name__ bases = object.__bases__ contents = '' methods, mdict = [], {} for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.ismethod): methods.append(value) mdict[key] = mdict[value] = '#' + name + '-' + key for item in methods: contents = contents + self.document( item, funcs, classes, mdict, name) title = 'class %s' % (name, name) if bases: parents = [] for base in bases: parents.append(self.classlink(base, object.__module__, classes)) title = title + '(%s)' % join(parents, ', ') doc = self.markup(getdoc(object), self.preformat, funcs, classes, mdict) if doc: doc = '' + doc + '' return self.section(title, '#000000', '#ffc8d8', contents, 10, doc) def formatvalue(self, object): """Format an argument default value as text.""" return ('=%s' % self.repr(object)) def docroutine(self, object, funcs={}, classes={}, methods={}, clname=''): """Produce HTML documentation for a function or method object.""" if inspect.ismethod(object): object = object.im_func if inspect.isbuiltin(object): decl = '%s(...)\n' % ( clname + '-' + object.__name__, object.__name__) else: args, varargs, varkw, defaults = inspect.getargspec(object) argspec = inspect.formatargspec( args, varargs, varkw, defaults, formatvalue=self.formatvalue) if object.__name__ == '': decl = 'lambda ' + argspec[1:-1] else: anchor = clname + '-' + object.__name__ decl = '%s%s\n' % ( anchor, object.__name__, argspec) doc = self.markup(getdoc(object), self.preformat, funcs, classes, methods) doc = replace(doc, ('
\n', '
')) doc = doc and '%s' % doc return '
%s
%s
' % (decl, doc) def page(self, object): """Produce a complete HTML page of documentation for an object.""" return ''' Python: %s %s ''' % (describe(object), self.document(object)) def index(self, dir, shadowed=None): """Generate an HTML index for a directory of modules.""" modpkgs = [] if shadowed is None: shadowed = {} seen = {} files = os.listdir(dir) def found(name, ispackage, modpkgs=modpkgs, shadowed=shadowed, seen=seen): if not seen.has_key(name): modpkgs.append((name, '', ispackage, shadowed.has_key(name))) seen[name] = 1 shadowed[name] = 1 # Package spam/__init__.py takes precedence over module spam.py. for file in files: path = os.path.join(dir, file) if ispackage(path): found(file, 1) for file in files: path = os.path.join(dir, file) if file[:1] != '_' and os.path.isfile(path): modname = modulename(file) if modname: found(modname, 0) modpkgs.sort() contents = self.multicolumn(modpkgs, self.modpkglink) return self.bigsection(dir, '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents) # -------------------------------------------- text documentation generator class TextRepr(Repr): """Class for safely making a text representation of a Python object.""" def __init__(self): Repr.__init__(self) self.maxlist = self.maxtuple = self.maxdict = 10 self.maxstring = self.maxother = 50 def repr1(self, x, level): methodname = 'repr_' + join(split(type(x).__name__), '_') if hasattr(self, methodname): return getattr(self, methodname)(x, level) else: return cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxother) def repr_string(self, x, level): test = cram(x, self.maxstring) testrepr = repr(test) if '\\' in test and '\\' not in replace(testrepr, (r'\\', '')): # Backslashes are only literal in the string and are never # needed to make any special characters, so show a raw string. return 'r' + testrepr[0] + test + testrepr[0] return testrepr def repr_instance(self, x, level): try: return cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxstring) except: return '<%s instance>' % x.__class__.__name__ class TextDoc(Doc): """Formatter class for text documentation.""" # ------------------------------------------- text formatting utilities _repr_instance = TextRepr() repr = _repr_instance.repr def bold(self, text): """Format a string in bold by overstriking.""" return join(map(lambda ch: ch + '\b' + ch, text), '') def indent(self, text, prefix=' '): """Indent text by prepending a given prefix to each line.""" if not text: return '' lines = split(text, '\n') lines = map(lambda line, prefix=prefix: prefix + line, lines) if lines: lines[-1] = rstrip(lines[-1]) return join(lines, '\n') def section(self, title, contents): """Format a section with a given heading.""" return self.bold(title) + '\n' + rstrip(self.indent(contents)) + '\n\n' # ---------------------------------------------- type-specific routines def doctree(self, tree, modname, parent=None, prefix=''): """Render in text a class tree as returned by inspect.getclasstree().""" result = '' for entry in tree: if type(entry) is type(()): cl, bases = entry result = result + prefix + classname(cl, modname) if bases and bases != (parent,): parents = map(lambda cl, m=modname: classname(cl, m), bases) result = result + '(%s)' % join(parents, ', ') result = result + '\n' elif type(entry) is type([]): result = result + self.doctree( entry, modname, cl, prefix + ' ') return result def docmodule(self, object): """Produce text documentation for a given module object.""" result = '' name = object.__name__ lines = split(strip(getdoc(object)), '\n') if len(lines) == 1: if lines[0]: name = name + ' - ' + lines[0] lines = [] elif len(lines) >= 2 and not rstrip(lines[1]): if lines[0]: name = name + ' - ' + lines[0] lines = lines[2:] result = result + self.section('NAME', name) try: file = inspect.getabsfile(object) except TypeError: file = '(built-in)' result = result + self.section('FILE', file) if lines: result = result + self.section('DESCRIPTION', join(lines, '\n')) classes = [] for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isclass): if (inspect.getmodule(value) or object) is object: classes.append(value) funcs = [] for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isroutine): if inspect.isbuiltin(value) or inspect.getmodule(value) is object: funcs.append(value) constants = [] for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, isconstant): if key[:1] != '_': constants.append((key, value)) if hasattr(object, '__path__'): modpkgs = [] for file in os.listdir(object.__path__[0]): if file[:1] != '_': path = os.path.join(object.__path__[0], file) modname = modulename(file) if modname and modname not in modpkgs: modpkgs.append(modname) elif ispackage(path): modpkgs.append(file + ' (package)') modpkgs.sort() result = result + self.section( 'PACKAGE CONTENTS', join(modpkgs, '\n')) if classes: contents = self.doctree( inspect.getclasstree(classes, 1), object.__name__) + '\n' for item in classes: contents = contents + self.document(item) + '\n' result = result + self.section('CLASSES', contents) if funcs: contents = '' for item in funcs: contents = contents + self.document(item) + '\n' result = result + self.section('FUNCTIONS', contents) if constants: contents = '' for key, value in constants: line = key + ' = ' + self.repr(value) chop = 70 - len(line) line = self.bold(key) + ' = ' + self.repr(value) if chop < 0: line = line[:chop] + '...' contents = contents + line + '\n' result = result + self.section('CONSTANTS', contents) if hasattr(object, '__version__'): version = str(object.__version__) if version[:11] == '$' + 'Revision: ' and version[-1:] == '$': version = strip(version[11:-1]) result = result + self.section('VERSION', version) if hasattr(object, '__date__'): result = result + self.section('DATE', str(object.__date__)) if hasattr(object, '__author__'): result = result + self.section('AUTHOR', str(object.__author__)) if hasattr(object, '__credits__'): result = result + self.section('CREDITS', str(object.__credits__)) return result def docclass(self, object): """Produce text documentation for a given class object.""" name = object.__name__ bases = object.__bases__ title = 'class ' + self.bold(name) if bases: parents = map(lambda c, m=object.__module__: classname(c, m), bases) title = title + '(%s)' % join(parents, ', ') doc = getdoc(object) contents = doc and doc + '\n' methods = map(lambda (key, value): value, inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.ismethod)) for item in methods: contents = contents + '\n' + self.document(item) if not contents: return title + '\n' return title + '\n' + self.indent(rstrip(contents), ' | ') + '\n' def formatvalue(self, object): """Format an argument default value as text.""" return '=' + self.repr(object) def docroutine(self, object): """Produce text documentation for a function or method object.""" if inspect.ismethod(object): object = object.im_func if inspect.isbuiltin(object): decl = self.bold(object.__name__) + '(...)' else: args, varargs, varkw, defaults = inspect.getargspec(object) argspec = inspect.formatargspec( args, varargs, varkw, defaults, formatvalue=self.formatvalue) if object.__name__ == '': decl = ' ' + argspec[1:-1] else: decl = self.bold(object.__name__) + argspec doc = getdoc(object) if doc: return decl + '\n' + rstrip(self.indent(doc)) + '\n' else: return decl + '\n' # --------------------------------------------------------- user interfaces def pager(text): """The first time this is called, determine what kind of pager to use.""" global pager pager = getpager() pager(text) def getpager(): """Decide what method to use for paging through text.""" if type(sys.stdout) is not types.FileType: return plainpager if not sys.stdin.isatty() or not sys.stdout.isatty(): return plainpager if os.environ.has_key('PAGER'): return lambda a: pipepager(a, os.environ['PAGER']) if sys.platform == 'win32': return lambda a: tempfilepager(a, 'more <') if hasattr(os, 'system') and os.system('less 2>/dev/null') == 0: return lambda a: pipepager(a, 'less') import tempfile filename = tempfile.mktemp() open(filename, 'w').close() try: if hasattr(os, 'system') and os.system('more %s' % filename) == 0: return lambda text: pipepager(text, 'more') else: return ttypager finally: os.unlink(filename) def pipepager(text, cmd): """Page through text by feeding it to another program.""" pipe = os.popen(cmd, 'w') try: pipe.write(text) pipe.close() except IOError: # Ignore broken pipes caused by quitting the pager program. pass def tempfilepager(text, cmd): """Page through text by invoking a program on a temporary file.""" import tempfile filename = tempfile.mktemp() file = open(filename, 'w') file.write(text) file.close() try: os.system(cmd + ' ' + filename) finally: os.unlink(filename) def plain(text): """Remove boldface formatting from text.""" return re.sub('.\b', '', text) def ttypager(text): """Page through text on a text terminal.""" lines = split(plain(text), '\n') try: import tty fd = sys.stdin.fileno() old = tty.tcgetattr(fd) tty.setcbreak(fd) getchar = lambda: sys.stdin.read(1) except (ImportError, AttributeError): tty = None getchar = lambda: sys.stdin.readline()[:-1][:1] try: r = inc = os.environ.get('LINES', 25) - 1 sys.stdout.write(join(lines[:inc], '\n') + '\n') while lines[r:]: sys.stdout.write('-- more --') sys.stdout.flush() c = getchar() if c in ['q', 'Q']: sys.stdout.write('\r \r') break elif c in ['\r', '\n']: sys.stdout.write('\r \r' + lines[r] + '\n') r = r + 1 continue if c in ['b', 'B', '\x1b']: r = r - inc - inc if r < 0: r = 0 sys.stdout.write('\n' + join(lines[r:r+inc], '\n') + '\n') r = r + inc finally: if tty: tty.tcsetattr(fd, tty.TCSAFLUSH, old) def plainpager(text): """Simply print unformatted text. This is the ultimate fallback.""" sys.stdout.write(plain(text)) def describe(thing): """Produce a short description of the given kind of thing.""" if inspect.ismodule(thing): if thing.__name__ in sys.builtin_module_names: return 'built-in module ' + thing.__name__ if hasattr(thing, '__path__'): return 'package ' + thing.__name__ else: return 'module ' + thing.__name__ if inspect.isbuiltin(thing): return 'built-in function ' + thing.__name__ if inspect.isclass(thing): return 'class ' + thing.__name__ if inspect.isfunction(thing): return 'function ' + thing.__name__ if inspect.ismethod(thing): return 'method ' + thing.__name__ return repr(thing) def locate(path): """Locate an object by name (or dotted path), importing as necessary.""" if not path: # special case: imp.find_module('') strangely succeeds return None, None if type(path) is not types.StringType: return None, path parts = split(path, '.') n = 1 while n <= len(parts): path = join(parts[:n], '.') try: module = __import__(path) module = reload(module) except: # determine if error occurred before or after module was found if sys.modules.has_key(path): filename = sys.modules[path].__file__ elif sys.exc_type is SyntaxError: filename = sys.exc_value.filename else: # module not found, so stop looking break # error occurred in the imported module, so report it raise DocImportError(filename, sys.exc_type, sys.exc_value) try: x = module for p in parts[1:]: x = getattr(x, p) return join(parts[:-1], '.'), x except AttributeError: n = n + 1 continue if hasattr(__builtins__, path): return None, getattr(__builtins__, path) return None, None # --------------------------------------- interactive interpreter interface text = TextDoc() html = HTMLDoc() def doc(thing): """Display documentation on an object (for interactive use).""" if type(thing) is type(""): try: path, x = locate(thing) except DocImportError, value: print 'Problem in %s - %s' % (value.filename, value.args) return if x: thing = x else: print 'No Python documentation found for %s.' % repr(thing) return desc = describe(thing) module = inspect.getmodule(thing) if module and module is not thing: desc = desc + ' in module ' + module.__name__ pager('Help on %s:\n\n' % desc + text.document(thing)) def writedoc(key): """Write HTML documentation to a file in the current directory.""" path, object = locate(key) if object: file = open(key + '.html', 'w') file.write(html.page(object)) file.close() print 'wrote', key + '.html' class Helper: def __repr__(self): return """To get help on a Python object, call help(object). To get help on a module or package, either import it before calling help(module) or call help('modulename').""" def __call__(self, *args): if args: doc(args[0]) else: print repr(self) help = Helper() def man(key): """Display documentation on an object in a form similar to man(1).""" path, object = locate(key) if object: title = 'Python Library Documentation: ' + describe(object) if path: title = title + ' in ' + path pager('\n' + title + '\n\n' + text.document(object)) found = 1 else: print 'No Python documentation found for %s.' % repr(key) class Scanner: """A generic tree iterator.""" def __init__(self, roots, children, recurse): self.roots = roots[:] self.state = [] self.children = children self.recurse = recurse def next(self): if not self.state: if not self.roots: return None root = self.roots.pop(0) self.state = [(root, self.children(root))] node, children = self.state[-1] if not children: self.state.pop() return self.next() child = children.pop(0) if self.recurse(child): self.state.append((child, self.children(child))) return child class ModuleScanner(Scanner): """An interruptible scanner that searches module synopses.""" def __init__(self): roots = map(lambda dir: (dir, ''), pathdirs()) Scanner.__init__(self, roots, self.submodules, self.ispackage) def submodules(self, (dir, package)): children = [] for file in os.listdir(dir): path = os.path.join(dir, file) if ispackage(path): children.append((path, package + (package and '.') + file)) else: children.append((path, package)) children.sort() return children def ispackage(self, (dir, package)): return ispackage(dir) def run(self, key, callback, completer=None): self.quit = 0 seen = {} for modname in sys.builtin_module_names: if modname != '__main__': seen[modname] = 1 desc = split(__import__(modname).__doc__ or '', '\n')[0] if find(lower(modname + ' - ' + desc), lower(key)) >= 0: callback(None, modname, desc) while not self.quit: node = self.next() if not node: break path, package = node modname = modulename(path) if os.path.isfile(path) and modname: modname = package + (package and '.') + modname if not seen.has_key(modname): seen[modname] = 1 desc = synopsis(path) or '' if find(lower(modname + ' - ' + desc), lower(key)) >= 0: callback(path, modname, desc) if completer: completer() def apropos(key): """Print all the one-line module summaries that contain a substring.""" def callback(path, modname, desc): if modname[-9:] == '.__init__': modname = modname[:-9] + ' (package)' print modname, '-', desc or '(no description)' ModuleScanner().run(key, callback) # --------------------------------------------------- web browser interface def serve(port, callback=None): import BaseHTTPServer, mimetools, select # Patch up mimetools.Message so it doesn't break if rfc822 is reloaded. class Message(mimetools.Message): def __init__(self, fp, seekable=1): Message = self.__class__ Message.__bases__[0].__bases__[0].__init__(self, fp, seekable) self.encodingheader = self.getheader('content-transfer-encoding') self.typeheader = self.getheader('content-type') self.parsetype() self.parseplist() class DocHandler(BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler): def send_document(self, title, contents): try: self.send_response(200) self.send_header('Content-Type', 'text/html') self.end_headers() self.wfile.write(''' Python: %s %s ''' % (title, contents)) except IOError: pass def do_GET(self): path = self.path if path[-5:] == '.html': path = path[:-5] if path[:1] == '/': path = path[1:] if path and path != '.': try: p, x = locate(path) except DocImportError, value: self.send_document(path, html.escape( 'Problem in %s - %s' % (value.filename, value.args))) return if x: self.send_document(describe(x), html.document(x)) else: self.send_document(path, 'No Python documentation found for %s.' % repr(path)) else: heading = html.heading( 'Python: Index of Modules', '#ffffff', '#7799ee') def bltinlink(name): return '%s' % (name, name) names = filter(lambda x: x != '__main__', sys.builtin_module_names) contents = html.multicolumn(names, bltinlink) indices = ['

' + html.bigsection( 'Built-in Modules', '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents)] seen = {} for dir in pathdirs(): indices.append(html.index(dir, seen)) contents = heading + join(indices) + """

pydoc by Ka-Ping Yee <ping@lfw.org>""" self.send_document('Index of Modules', contents) def log_message(self, *args): pass class DocServer(BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer): def __init__(self, port, callback): host = (sys.platform == 'mac') and '127.0.0.1' or 'localhost' self.address = (host, port) self.url = 'http://%s:%d/' % (host, port) self.callback = callback self.base.__init__(self, self.address, self.handler) def serve_until_quit(self): import select self.quit = 0 while not self.quit: rd, wr, ex = select.select([self.socket.fileno()], [], [], 1) if rd: self.handle_request() def server_activate(self): self.base.server_activate(self) if self.callback: self.callback(self) DocServer.base = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer DocServer.handler = DocHandler DocHandler.MessageClass = Message try: DocServer(port, callback).serve_until_quit() except (KeyboardInterrupt, select.error): pass print 'server stopped' # ----------------------------------------------------- graphical interface def gui(): """Graphical interface (starts web server and pops up a control window).""" class GUI: def __init__(self, window, port=7464): self.window = window self.server = None self.scanner = None import Tkinter self.server_frm = Tkinter.Frame(window) self.title_lbl = Tkinter.Label(self.server_frm, text='Starting server...\n ') self.open_btn = Tkinter.Button(self.server_frm, text='open browser', command=self.open, state='disabled') self.quit_btn = Tkinter.Button(self.server_frm, text='quit serving', command=self.quit, state='disabled') self.search_frm = Tkinter.Frame(window) self.search_lbl = Tkinter.Label(self.search_frm, text='Search for') self.search_ent = Tkinter.Entry(self.search_frm) self.search_ent.bind('', self.search) self.stop_btn = Tkinter.Button(self.search_frm, text='stop', pady=0, command=self.stop, state='disabled') if sys.platform == 'win32': # Trying to hide and show this button crashes under Windows. self.stop_btn.pack(side='right') self.window.title('pydoc') self.window.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.quit) self.title_lbl.pack(side='top', fill='x') self.open_btn.pack(side='left', fill='x', expand=1) self.quit_btn.pack(side='right', fill='x', expand=1) self.server_frm.pack(side='top', fill='x') self.search_lbl.pack(side='left') self.search_ent.pack(side='right', fill='x', expand=1) self.search_frm.pack(side='top', fill='x') self.search_ent.focus_set() font = ('helvetica', sys.platform == 'win32' and 8 or 10) self.result_lst = Tkinter.Listbox(window, font=font, height=6) self.result_lst.bind('', self.select) self.result_lst.bind('', self.goto) self.result_scr = Tkinter.Scrollbar(window, orient='vertical', command=self.result_lst.yview) self.result_lst.config(yscrollcommand=self.result_scr.set) self.result_frm = Tkinter.Frame(window) self.goto_btn = Tkinter.Button(self.result_frm, text='go to selected', command=self.goto) self.hide_btn = Tkinter.Button(self.result_frm, text='hide results', command=self.hide) self.goto_btn.pack(side='left', fill='x', expand=1) self.hide_btn.pack(side='right', fill='x', expand=1) self.window.update() self.minwidth = self.window.winfo_width() self.minheight = self.window.winfo_height() self.bigminheight = (self.server_frm.winfo_reqheight() + self.search_frm.winfo_reqheight() + self.result_lst.winfo_reqheight() + self.result_frm.winfo_reqheight()) self.bigwidth, self.bigheight = self.minwidth, self.bigminheight self.expanded = 0 self.window.wm_geometry('%dx%d' % (self.minwidth, self.minheight)) self.window.wm_minsize(self.minwidth, self.minheight) import threading threading.Thread(target=serve, args=(port, self.ready)).start() def ready(self, server): self.server = server self.title_lbl.config( text='Python documentation server at\n' + server.url) self.open_btn.config(state='normal') self.quit_btn.config(state='normal') def open(self, event=None, url=None): url = url or self.server.url try: import webbrowser webbrowser.open(url) except ImportError: # pre-webbrowser.py compatibility if sys.platform == 'win32': os.system('start "%s"' % url) elif sys.platform == 'mac': try: import ic ic.launchurl(url) except ImportError: pass else: rc = os.system('netscape -remote "openURL(%s)" &' % url) if rc: os.system('netscape "%s" &' % url) def quit(self, event=None): if self.server: self.server.quit = 1 self.window.quit() def search(self, event=None): key = self.search_ent.get() self.stop_btn.pack(side='right') self.stop_btn.config(state='normal') self.search_lbl.config(text='Searching for "%s"...' % key) self.search_ent.forget() self.search_lbl.pack(side='left') self.result_lst.delete(0, 'end') self.goto_btn.config(state='disabled') self.expand() import threading if self.scanner: self.scanner.quit = 1 self.scanner = ModuleScanner() threading.Thread(target=self.scanner.run, args=(key, self.update, self.done)).start() def update(self, path, modname, desc): if modname[-9:] == '.__init__': modname = modname[:-9] + ' (package)' self.result_lst.insert('end', modname + ' - ' + (desc or '(no description)')) def stop(self, event=None): if self.scanner: self.scanner.quit = 1 self.scanner = None def done(self): self.scanner = None self.search_lbl.config(text='Search for') self.search_lbl.pack(side='left') self.search_ent.pack(side='right', fill='x', expand=1) if sys.platform != 'win32': self.stop_btn.forget() self.stop_btn.config(state='disabled') def select(self, event=None): self.goto_btn.config(state='normal') def goto(self, event=None): selection = self.result_lst.curselection() if selection: modname = split(self.result_lst.get(selection[0]))[0] self.open(url=self.server.url + modname + '.html') def collapse(self): if not self.expanded: return self.result_frm.forget() self.result_scr.forget() self.result_lst.forget() self.bigwidth = self.window.winfo_width() self.bigheight = self.window.winfo_height() self.window.wm_geometry('%dx%d' % (self.minwidth, self.minheight)) self.window.wm_minsize(self.minwidth, self.minheight) self.expanded = 0 def expand(self): if self.expanded: return self.result_frm.pack(side='bottom', fill='x') self.result_scr.pack(side='right', fill='y') self.result_lst.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=1) self.window.wm_geometry('%dx%d' % (self.bigwidth, self.bigheight)) self.window.wm_minsize(self.minwidth, self.bigminheight) self.expanded = 1 def hide(self, event=None): self.stop() self.collapse() import Tkinter try: gui = GUI(Tkinter.Tk()) Tkinter.mainloop() except KeyboardInterrupt: pass # -------------------------------------------------- command-line interface def cli(): """Command-line interface (looks at sys.argv to decide what to do).""" import getopt class BadUsage: pass try: if sys.platform in ['mac', 'win32'] and not sys.argv[1:]: # graphical platforms with threading (and no CLI) gui() return opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'gk:p:w') writing = 0 for opt, val in opts: if opt == '-g': gui() return if opt == '-k': apropos(val) return if opt == '-p': try: port = int(val) except ValueError: raise BadUsage def ready(server): print 'server ready at %s' % server.url serve(port, ready) return if opt == '-w': writing = 1 if not args: raise BadUsage for arg in args: try: if find(arg, os.sep) >= 0 and os.path.isfile(arg): arg = importfile(arg) if writing: writedoc(arg) else: man(arg) except DocImportError, value: print 'Problem in %s - %s' % (value.filename, value.args) except (getopt.error, BadUsage): cmd = sys.argv[0] print """pydoc - the Python documentation tool %s ... Show text documentation on something. may be the name of a function, module, or package, or a dotted reference to a class or function within a module or module in a package. If contains a '%s', it is used as the path to a Python source file to document. %s -k Search for a keyword in the synopsis lines of all available modules. %s -p Start an HTTP server on the given port on the local machine. %s -g Pop up a graphical interface for serving and finding documentation. %s -w ... Write out the HTML documentation for a module to a file in the current directory. If contains a '%s', it is treated as a filename. """ % (cmd, os.sep, cmd, cmd, cmd, cmd, os.sep) if __name__ == '__main__': cli()