safely together and don't duplicate logic (the common logic was factored
out into new private API function _PySequence_IterContains()).
Visible change:
some_complex_number in some_instance
no longer blows up if some_instance has __getitem__ but neither
__contains__ nor __iter__. test_iter changed to ensure that remains true.
NEEDS DOC CHANGES.
This one surprised me! While I expected tuple() to be a no-brainer, turns
out it's actually dripping with consequences:
1. It will *allow* the popular PySequence_Fast() to work with any iterable
object (code for that not yet checked in, but should be trivial).
2. It caused two std tests to fail. This because some places used
PyTuple_Sequence() (the C spelling of tuple()) as an indirect way to test
whether something *is* a sequence. But tuple() code only looked for the
existence of sq->item to determine that, and e.g. an instance passed
that test whether or not it supported the other operations tuple()
needed (e.g., __len__). So some things the tests *expected* to fail
with an AttributeError now fail with a TypeError instead. This looks
like an improvement to me; e.g., test_coercion used to produce 559
TypeErrors and 2 AttributeErrors, and now they're all TypeErrors. The
error details are more informative too, because the places calling this
were *looking* for TypeErrors in order to replace the generic tuple()
"not a sequence" msg with their own more specific text, and
AttributeErrors snuck by that.
patch for sharing single character Unicode objects.
Martin's patch had to be reworked in a number of ways to take Unicode
resizing into consideration as well. Here's what the updated patch
implements:
* Single character Unicode strings in the Latin-1 range are shared
(not only ASCII chars as in Martin's original patch).
* The ASCII and Latin-1 codecs make use of this optimization,
providing a noticable speedup for single character strings. Most
Unicode methods can use the optimization as well (by virtue
of using PyUnicode_FromUnicode()).
* Some code cleanup was done (replacing memcpy with Py_UNICODE_COPY)
* The PyUnicode_Resize() can now also handle the case of resizing
unicode_empty which previously resulted in an error.
* Modified the internal API _PyUnicode_Resize() and
the public PyUnicode_Resize() API to handle references to
shared objects correctly. The _PyUnicode_Resize() signature
changed due to this.
* Callers of PyUnicode_FromUnicode() may now only modify the Unicode
object contents of the returned object in case they called the API
with NULL as content template.
Note that even though this patch passes the regression tests, there
may still be subtle bugs in the sharing code.
sees it (test_iter.py is unchanged).
- Added a tp_iternext slot, which calls the iterator's next() method;
this is much faster for built-in iterators over built-in types
such as lists and dicts, speeding up pybench's ForLoop with about
25% compared to Python 2.1. (Now there's a good argument for
iterators. ;-)
- Renamed the built-in sequence iterator SeqIter, affecting the C API
functions for it. (This frees up the PyIter prefix for generic
iterator operations.)
- Added PyIter_Check(obj), which checks that obj's type has a
tp_iternext slot and that the proper feature flag is set.
- Added PyIter_Next(obj) which calls the tp_iternext slot. It has a
somewhat complex return condition due to the need for speed: when it
returns NULL, it may not have set an exception condition, meaning
the iterator is exhausted; when the exception StopIteration is set
(or a derived exception class), it means the same thing; any other
exception means some other error occurred.
new slot tp_iter in type object, plus new flag Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_ITER
new C API PyObject_GetIter(), calls tp_iter
new builtin iter(), with two forms: iter(obj), and iter(function, sentinel)
new internal object types iterobject and calliterobject
new exception StopIteration
new opcodes for "for" loops, GET_ITER and FOR_ITER (also supported by dis.py)
new magic number for .pyc files
new special method for instances: __iter__() returns an iterator
iteration over dictionaries: "for x in dict" iterates over the keys
iteration over files: "for x in file" iterates over lines
TODO:
documentation
test suite
decide whether to use a different way to spell iter(function, sentinal)
decide whether "for key in dict" is a good idea
use iterators in map/filter/reduce, min/max, and elsewhere (in/not in?)
speed tuning (make next() a slot tp_next???)
Update docstring and library reference section on 'sys' module.
New API PyErr_Display, just for displaying errors, called by excepthook.
Uncaught exceptions now call sys.excepthook; if that fails, we fall back
to calling PyErr_Display directly.
Also comes with sys.__excepthook__ and sys.__displayhook__.
must now initialize the extra field used by the weak-ref machinery to
NULL themselves, to avoid having to require PyObject_INIT() to check
if the type supports weak references and do it there. This causes less
work to be done for all objects (the type object does not need to be
consulted to check for the Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_WEAKREFS bit).
If a module has a future statement enabling nested scopes, they are
also enable for the exec statement and the functions compile() and
execfile() if they occur in the module.
If Python is run with the -i option, which enters interactive mode
after executing a script, and the script it runs enables nested
scopes, they are also enabled in interactive mode.
XXX The use of -i with -c "from __future__ import nested_scopes" is
not supported. What's the point?
To support these changes, many function variants have been added to
pythonrun.c. All the variants names end with Flags and they take an
extra PyCompilerFlags * argument. It is possible that this complexity
will be eliminated in a future version of the interpreter in which
nested scopes are not optional.
with free variables. Thanks to Martin v. Loewis for finding two of
the problems. This fixes SF buf 405583.
There is also a C API change: PyFrame_New() is reverting to its
pre-2.1 signature. The change introduced by nested scopes was a
mistake. XXX Is this okay between beta releases?
cell_clear(), the GC helper, must decref its reference to break
cycles.
frame_dealloc() must dealloc all cell vars and free vars in addition
to locals.
eval_code2() setup code must INCREF cells it copies out of the
closure.
The STORE_DEREF opcode implementation must DECREF the object it passes
to PyCell_Set().
(Also remove warning about module-level global decl, because we can't
distinguish from code passed to exec.)
Define PyCompilerFlags type contains a single element,
cf_nested_scopes, that is true if a nested scopes future statement has
been entered at the interactive prompt.
New API functions:
PyNode_CompileFlags()
PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags()
-- same as their non Flags counterparts except that the take an
optional PyCompilerFlags pointer
compile.c: In jcompile() use PyCompilerFlags argument. If
cf_nested_scopes is true, compile code with nested scopes. If it
is false, but the code has a valid future nested scopes statement,
set it to true.
pythonrun.c: Create a new PyCompilerFlags object in
PyRun_InteractiveLoop() and thread it through to
PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags().
for errors raised in future.c.
Move some helper functions from compile.c to errors.c and make them
API functions: PyErr_SyntaxLocation() and PyErr_ProgramText().
XXX still need to integrate into symtable API
compile.h: Remove ff_n_simple_stmt; obsolete.
Add ff_found_docstring used internally to skip one and only
one string at the beginning of a module.
compile.c: Add check for from __future__ imports to far into the file.
In symtable_global() check for -1 returned from
symtable_lookup(), which signifies name not defined.
Add missing DECERF in symtable_add_def.
Free c->c_future.
future.c: Add special handling for multiple statements joined on a
single line using one or more semicolons; this form can
include an illegal future statement that would otherwise be
hard to detect.
Add support for detecting and skipping doc strings.
Makefile.pre.in: add target future.o
Include/compile.h: define PyFutureFeaters and PyNode_Future()
add c_future slot to struct compiling
Include/symtable.h: add st_future slot to struct symtable
Python/future.c: implementation of PyNode_Future()
Python/compile.c: use PyNode_Future() for nested_scopes support
Python/symtable.c: include compile.h to pick up PyFutureFeatures decl
compile.h: #define NESTED_SCOPES_DEFAULT 0 for Python 2.1
__future__ feature name: "nested_scopes"
symtable.h: Add st_nested_scopes slot. Define flags to track exec and
import star.
Lib/test/test_scope.py: requires nested scopes
compile.c: Fiddle with error messages.
Reverse the sense of ste_optimized flag on
PySymtableEntryObjects. If it is true, there is an optimization
conflict.
Modify get_ref_type to respect st_nested_scopes flags.
Refactor symtable_load_symbols() into several smaller functions,
which use struct symbol_info to share variables. In new function
symtable_update_flags(), raise an error or warning for import * or
bare exec that conflicts with nested scopes. Also, modify handle
for free variables to respect st_nested_scopes flag.
In symtable_init() assign st_nested_scopes flag to
NESTED_SCOPES_DEFAULT (defined in compile.h).
Add preliminary and often incorrect implementation of
symtable_check_future().
Add symtable_lookup() helper for future use.
release the interned string dictionary. This is useful for memory
use debugging because it eliminates a huge source of noise from the
reports. Only defined when INTERN_STRINGS is defined.
of nested functions. Either is allowed in a function if it contains
no defs or lambdas or the defs and lambdas it contains have no free
variables. If a function is itself nested and has free variables,
either is illegal.
Revise the symtable to use a PySymtableEntryObject, which holds all
the revelent information for a scope, rather than using a bunch of
st_cur_XXX pointers in the symtable struct. The changes simplify the
internal management of the current symtable scope and of the stack.
Added new C source file: Python/symtable.c. (Does the Windows build
process need to be updated?)
As part of these changes, the initial _symtable module interface
introduced in 2.1a2 is replaced. A dictionary of
PySymtableEntryObjects are returned.
symtable.h, so that they can be used by external module.
Improve error handling in symtable_enter_scope(), which return an
error code that went unchecked by most callers. XXX The error handling
in symtable code is sloppy in general.
Modify symtable to record the line number that begins each scope.
This can help to identify which code block is being referred to when
multiple blocks are bound to the same name.
Add st_scopes dict that is used to preserve scope info when
PyNode_CompileSymtable() is called. Otherwise, this information is
tossed as soon as it is no longer needed.
Add Py_SymtableString() to pythonrun; analogous to Py_CompileString().
discussion on python-dev. 'from mod import *' is still banned except
at the module level.
Fix value for special NOOPT entry in symtable. Initialze to 0 instead
of None, so that later uses of PyInt_AS_LONG() are valid. (Bug
reported by Donn Cave.)
replace local REPR macros with PyObject_REPR in object.h
This change eliminates an extra malloc/free when a frame with free
variables is created. Any cell vars or free vars are stored in
f_localsplus after the locals and before the stack.
eval_code2() fills in the appropriate values after handling
initialization of locals.
To track the size the frame has an f_size member that tracks the total
size of f_localsplus. It used to be implicitly f_nlocals + f_stacksize.
They're named as if public, so I did a Bad Thing by changing
PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile() to suck up the remainder of the file in one
gulp: anyone who counted on that leaving the file pointer merely at the
end of the next object would be screwed. So restored
PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile() to its earlier state, renamed the new greedy
code to PyMarshal_ReadLastObjectFromFile(), and changed Python internals to
call the latter instead.
The majority of the changes are in the compiler. The mainloop changes
primarily to implement the new opcodes and to pass a function's
closure to eval_code2(). Frames and functions got new slots to hold
the closure.
Include/compile.h
Add co_freevars and co_cellvars slots to code objects.
Update PyCode_New() to take freevars and cellvars as arguments
Include/funcobject.h
Add func_closure slot to function objects.
Add GetClosure()/SetClosure() functions (and corresponding
macros) for getting at the closure.
Include/frameobject.h
PyFrame_New() now takes a closure.
Include/opcode.h
Add four new opcodes: MAKE_CLOSURE, LOAD_CLOSURE, LOAD_DEREF,
STORE_DEREF.
Remove comment about old requirement for opcodes to fit in 7
bits.
compile.c
Implement changes to code objects for co_freevars and co_cellvars.
Modify symbol table to use st_cur_name (string object for the name
of the current scope) and st_cur_children (list of nested blocks).
Also define st_nested, which might more properly be called
st_cur_nested. Add several DEF_XXX flags to track def-use
information for free variables.
New or modified functions of note:
com_make_closure(struct compiling *, PyCodeObject *)
Emit LOAD_CLOSURE opcodes as needed to pass cells for free
variables into nested scope.
com_addop_varname(struct compiling *, int, char *)
Emits opcodes for LOAD_DEREF and STORE_DEREF.
get_ref_type(struct compiling *, char *name)
Return NAME_CLOSURE if ref type is FREE or CELL
symtable_load_symbols(struct compiling *)
Decides what variables are cell or free based on def-use info.
Can now raise SyntaxError if nested scopes are mixed with
exec or from blah import *.
make_scope_info(PyObject *, PyObject *, int, int)
Helper functions for symtable scope stack.
symtable_update_free_vars(struct symtable *)
After a code block has been analyzed, it must check each of
its children for free variables that are not defined in the
block. If a variable is free in a child and not defined in
the parent, then it is defined by block the enclosing the
current one or it is a global. This does the right logic.
symtable_add_use() is now a macro for symtable_add_def()
symtable_assign(struct symtable *, node *)
Use goto instead of for (;;)
Fixed bug in symtable where name of keyword argument in function
call was treated as assignment in the scope of the call site. Ex:
def f():
g(a=2) # a was considered a local of f
ceval.c
eval_code2() now take one more argument, a closure.
Implement LOAD_CLOSURE, LOAD_DEREF, STORE_DEREF, MAKE_CLOSURE>
Also: When name error occurs for global variable, report that the
name was global in the error mesage.
Objects/frameobject.c
Initialize f_closure to be a tuple containing space for cellvars
and freevars. f_closure is NULL if neither are present.
Objects/funcobject.c
Add support for func_closure.
Python/import.c
Change the magic number.
Python/marshal.c
Track changes to code objects.
supposed to be declared in system include files (with a proper prototype.)
Should be moved to a platform-specific block if anyone finds out which
broken platforms need it :-)
implementation details inside the ucnhash module.
also cleaned up the unicode copyright blurb a little; Secret Labs'
internal revision history isn't that interesting...
except that it always returns Unicode objects.
A new C API PyObject_Unicode() is also provided.
This closes patch #101664.
Written by Marc-Andre Lemburg. Copyright assigned to Guido van Rossum.
Closes SF patch #103123.
funcobject.h:
PyFunctionObject: add the func_dict slot.
funcobject.c:
PyFunction_New(): Initialize the func_dict slot to NULL.
func_getattr(): Rename to func_getattro() and change the
signature. It's more efficient to use attro methods and dig the C
string out than it is to re-convert a C string to a PyString.
Also, add support for getting the __dict__ (a.k.a. func_dict)
attribute, and for getting an arbitrary function attribute.
func_setattr(): Rename to func_setattro() and change the signature
for the same reason. Also add support for setting __dict__
(a.k.a. func_dict) and any arbitrary function attribute.
func_dealloc(): Be sure to DECREF the func_dict slot.
func_traverse(): Be sure to traverse func_dict too.
PyFunction_Type: make the necessary func_?etattro() changes.
classobject.c:
instancemethod_memberlist: Add __dict__
instancemethod_setattro(): New method to set arbitrary attributes
on methods (really the underlying im_func). Raise TypeError when
the instance is bound or when you're trying to set one of the
reserved im_* attributes.
instancemethod_getattr(): Renamed to instancemethod_getattro()
since that's what it really is. Also, added support fo getting
arbitrary attributes through the im_func.
PyMethod_Type: Do the ?etattr{,o} dance.
regardless of whether the system getopt() does what we want. This avoids the
hassle with prototypes and externs, and the check to see if the system
getopt() does what we want. Prefix optind, optarg and opterr with _PyOS_ to
avoid name clashes. Add new include file to define the right symbols. Fix
Demo/pyserv/pyserv.c to include getopt.h itself, instead of relying on
Python to provide it.
#define'd to an unreasonable value (several recent gcc systems have
misdefined it, causing bogus overflows in integer multiplication). Nuke
CHAR_BIT entirely.
Add definitions of INT_MAX and LONG_MAX to pyport.h.
Remove includes of limits.h and conditional definitions of INT_MAX
and LONG_MAX elsewhere.
This closes SourceForge patch #101659 and bug #115323.
Add three new convenience functions to the PyModule_*() family:
PyModule_AddObject(), PyModule_AddIntConstant(), PyModule_AddStringConstant().
This closes SourceForge patch #101233.
Note a curious extension to the std C rules: x, X and o formatting can never produce
a sign character in C, so the '+' and ' ' flags are meaningless for them. But
unbounded ints *can* produce a sign character under these conversions (no fixed-
width bitstring is wide enough to hold all negative values in 2's-comp form). So
these flags become meaningful in Python when formatting a Python long which is too
big to fit in a C long. This required shuffling around existing code, which hacked
x and X conversions to death when both the '#' and '0' flags were specified: the
hacks weren't strong enough to deal with the simultaneous possibility of the ' ' or
'+' flags too, since signs were always meaningless before for x and X conversions.
Isomorphic shuffling was required in unicodeobject.c.
Also added dozens of non-trivial new unbounded-int test cases to test_format.py.
which implements the automatic conversion from Unicode to a string
object using the default encoding.
The new API is then put to use to have eval() and exec accept
Unicode objects as code parameter. This closes bugs #110924
and #113890.
As side-effect, the traditional C APIs PyString_Size() and
PyString_AsString() will also accept Unicode objects as
parameters.
I can't test this, so I'm just checking it in with blind faith in Andy.
I've tested that it doesn't broeak a non-Pth build on Linux.
Changes include:
- There's a --with-pth configure option.
- Instead of _GNU_PTH, we test for HAVE_PTH.
- Better signal handling.
- (The config.h.in file is regenerated in a slightly different order.)
It's hard to sort out what the bug was, exactly. So, Big Hammer:
1. Python shouldn't be in the business of #define'ing NULL, period.
2. Users of the Python C API shouldn't be in the business of not including
Python.h, period.
Hence:
1. Removed all #define's of NULL in Python source code (pyport.h and
object.h).
2. Since we're *relying* on stdio.h defining NULL, put an #error in
Python.h after its #include of stdio.h if NULL isn't defined then.
PyRun_FileEx(). These are the same as their non-Ex counterparts but
have an extra argument, a flag telling them to close the file when
done.
Then this is used by Py_Main() and execfile() to close the file after
it is parsed but before it is executed.
Adding APIs seems strange given the feature freeze but it's the only
way I see to close the bug report without incompatible changes.
[ Bug #110616 ] source file stays open after parsing is done (PR#209)
Add the EXTENDED_ARG opcode to the virtual machine, allowing 32-bit
arguments to opcodes instead of being forced to stick to the 16-bit
limit. This is especially useful for machine-generated code, which
can be too long for the SET_LINENO parameter to fit into 16 bits.
This closes the implementation portion of SourceForge patch #100893.
by the following.
typedef in a portable way the Python name for the C9X uintptr_t type.
This latter is the most portable way to spell an integral type to
which a void* can be cast to and back again without losing
information. Parallel checkin hacks configure to check if the
platform/compiler supports the C9X name.
Tim Peters
Marc-André Lemburg
Guido van Rossum
Fred Drake
Ka-Ping Yee
Jeremy Hylton
Neil Schemenauer
Barry Warsaw
Thomas Wouters
Fredrik Lundh
Andrew M. Kuchling
Trent Mick
Skip Montanaro
Vladimir Marangozov