diff --git a/Lib/test/json_tests/test_recursion.py b/Lib/test/json_tests/test_recursion.py
index 3b29b4256fb..ab5f213711f 100644
--- a/Lib/test/json_tests/test_recursion.py
+++ b/Lib/test/json_tests/test_recursion.py
@@ -16,6 +16,11 @@ class RecursiveJSONEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
                 return 'JSONTestObject'
         return json.JSONEncoder.default(o)
 
+class EndlessJSONEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
+    def default(self, o):
+        """If check_circular is False, this will keep adding another list."""
+        return [o]
+
 
 class TestRecursion(TestCase):
     def test_listrecursion(self):
@@ -67,7 +72,7 @@ class TestRecursion(TestCase):
             self.fail("didn't raise ValueError on default recursion")
 
 
-    def test_highly_nested_objects(self):
+    def test_highly_nested_objects_decoding(self):
         # test that loading highly-nested objects doesn't segfault when C
         # accelerations are used. See #12017
         with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
@@ -76,3 +81,18 @@ class TestRecursion(TestCase):
             json.loads('{"a":' * 100000 + '[1]' + '}' * 100000)
         with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
             json.loads('[' * 100000 + '1' + ']' * 100000)
+
+    def test_highly_nested_objects_encoding(self):
+        # See #12051
+        l, d = [], {}
+        for x in range(100000):
+            l, d = [l], {'k':d}
+        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+            json.dumps(l)
+        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+            json.dumps(d)
+
+    def test_endless_recursion(self):
+        # See #12051
+        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+            EndlessJSONEncoder(check_circular=False).encode(5j)
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS b/Misc/NEWS
index 42c316d233a..7e4dd508d89 100644
--- a/Misc/NEWS
+++ b/Misc/NEWS
@@ -624,6 +624,9 @@ Tools/Demos
 Extension Modules
 -----------------
 
+- Issue #12051: Fix segfault in json.dumps() while encoding highly-nested
+  objects using the C accelerations.
+
 - Issue #12017: Fix segfault in json.loads() while decoding highly-nested
   objects using the C accelerations.
 
diff --git a/Modules/_json.c b/Modules/_json.c
index 0f9c00e2af0..a392c973266 100644
--- a/Modules/_json.c
+++ b/Modules/_json.c
@@ -1354,10 +1354,18 @@ encoder_listencode_obj(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *rval, PyObject *obj, Py_ssi
         return _steal_list_append(rval, encoded);
     }
     else if (PyList_Check(obj) || PyTuple_Check(obj)) {
-        return encoder_listencode_list(s, rval, obj, indent_level);
+        if (Py_EnterRecursiveCall(" while encoding a JSON object"))
+            return -1;
+        rv = encoder_listencode_list(s, rval, obj, indent_level);
+        Py_LeaveRecursiveCall();
+        return rv;
     }
     else if (PyDict_Check(obj)) {
-        return encoder_listencode_dict(s, rval, obj, indent_level);
+        if (Py_EnterRecursiveCall(" while encoding a JSON object"))
+            return -1;
+        rv = encoder_listencode_dict(s, rval, obj, indent_level);
+        Py_LeaveRecursiveCall();
+        return rv;
     }
     else {
         PyObject *ident = NULL;
@@ -1383,7 +1391,12 @@ encoder_listencode_obj(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *rval, PyObject *obj, Py_ssi
             Py_XDECREF(ident);
             return -1;
         }
+
+        if (Py_EnterRecursiveCall(" while encoding a JSON object"))
+            return -1;
         rv = encoder_listencode_obj(s, rval, newobj, indent_level);
+        Py_LeaveRecursiveCall();
+
         Py_DECREF(newobj);
         if (rv) {
             Py_XDECREF(ident);