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Latex formatting fixes

This commit is contained in:
Andrew M. Kuchling 2000-06-03 03:06:58 +00:00
parent fa33a4e494
commit b853ea0541
1 changed files with 29 additions and 33 deletions
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Doc/whatsnew/whatsnew20.tex
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@ -32,24 +32,26 @@ instead of the 8-bit number used by ASCII, meaning that 65,536
distinct characters can be supported. distinct characters can be supported.
The final interface for Unicode support was arrived at through The final interface for Unicode support was arrived at through
countless often-stormy discussions on the python-dev mailing list. A countless often-stormy discussions on the python-dev mailing list, and
detailed explanation of the interface is in \file{Misc/unicode.txt} in mostly implemented by Marc-Andr\'e Lemburg. A detailed explanation of
the Python source distribution; this file is also available on the Web the interface is in the file
at \url{http://starship.python.net/crew/lemburg/unicode-proposal.txt}. \file{Misc/unicode.txt} in the Python source distribution; it's also
available on the Web at
\url{http://starship.python.net/crew/lemburg/unicode-proposal.txt}.
This article will simply cover the most significant points from the This article will simply cover the most significant points from the
full interface. full interface.
In Python source code, Unicode strings are written as In Python source code, Unicode strings are written as
\code{u"string"}. Arbitrary Unicode characters can be written using a \code{u"string"}. Arbitrary Unicode characters can be written using a
new escape sequence, \code{\\u\var{HHHH}}, where \var{HHHH} is a new escape sequence, \code{\e u\var{HHHH}}, where \var{HHHH} is a
4-digit hexadecimal number from 0000 to FFFF. The existing 4-digit hexadecimal number from 0000 to FFFF. The existing
\code{\\x\var{HHHH}} escape sequence can also be used, and octal \code{\e x\var{HHHH}} escape sequence can also be used, and octal
escapes can be used for characters up to U+01FF, which is represented escapes can be used for characters up to U+01FF, which is represented
by \code{\\777}. by \code{\e 777}.
Unicode strings, just like regular strings, are an immutable sequence Unicode strings, just like regular strings, are an immutable sequence
type, so they can be indexed and sliced. They also have an type, so they can be indexed and sliced. They also have an
\method{encode( \optional{encoding} )} method that returns an 8-bit \method{encode( \optional{\var{encoding}} )} method that returns an 8-bit
string in the desired encoding. Encodings are named by strings, such string in the desired encoding. Encodings are named by strings, such
as \code{'ascii'}, \code{'utf-8'}, \code{'iso-8859-1'}, or whatever. as \code{'ascii'}, \code{'utf-8'}, \code{'iso-8859-1'}, or whatever.
A codec API is defined for implementing and registering new encodings A codec API is defined for implementing and registering new encodings
@ -70,11 +72,9 @@ long, containing the character \var{ch}.
\item \code{ord(\var{u})}, where \var{u} is a 1-character regular or Unicode string, returns the number of the character as an integer. \item \code{ord(\var{u})}, where \var{u} is a 1-character regular or Unicode string, returns the number of the character as an integer.
\item \code{unicode(\var{string}, \optional{encoding = '\var{encoding \item \code{unicode(\var{string}, \optional{\var{encoding},}
string}', } \optional{errors = 'strict' \textit{or} 'ignore' \optional{\var{errors}} ) } creates a Unicode string from an 8-bit
\textit{or} 'replace'} ) } creates a Unicode string from an 8-bit
string. \code{encoding} is a string naming the encoding to use. string. \code{encoding} is a string naming the encoding to use.
The \code{errors} parameter specifies the treatment of characters that The \code{errors} parameter specifies the treatment of characters that
are invalid for the current encoding; passing \code{'strict'} as the are invalid for the current encoding; passing \code{'strict'} as the
value causes an exception to be raised on any encoding error, while value causes an exception to be raised on any encoding error, while
@ -88,15 +88,15 @@ A new module, \module{unicodedata}, provides an interface to Unicode
character properties. For example, \code{unicodedata.category(u'A')} character properties. For example, \code{unicodedata.category(u'A')}
returns the 2-character string 'Lu', the 'L' denoting it's a letter, returns the 2-character string 'Lu', the 'L' denoting it's a letter,
and 'u' meaning that it's uppercase. and 'u' meaning that it's uppercase.
\code{u.bidirectional(u'\x0660')} returns 'AN', meaning that U+0660 is \code{u.bidirectional(u'\e x0660')} returns 'AN', meaning that U+0660 is
an Arabic number. an Arabic number.
The \module{codecs} module contains coders and decoders for various The \module{codecs} module contains functions to look up existing encodings
encodings, along with functions to register new encodings and look up and register new ones. Unless you want to implement a
existing ones. Unless you want to implement a new encoding, you'll new encoding, you'll most often use the
most often use the \function{codecs.lookup(\var{encoding})} function, \function{codecs.lookup(\var{encoding})} function, which returns a
which returns a 4-element tuple: \code{(\var{encode_func}, 4-element tuple: \code{(\var{encode_func},
\var{decode_func}, \var{stream_reader}, \var{stream_writer}. \var{decode_func}, \var{stream_reader}, \var{stream_writer})}.
\begin{itemize} \begin{itemize}
\item \var{encode_func} is a function that takes a Unicode string, and \item \var{encode_func} is a function that takes a Unicode string, and
@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ installation instructions
The SIG for distribution utilities, shepherded by Greg Ward, has The SIG for distribution utilities, shepherded by Greg Ward, has
created the Distutils, a system to make package installation much created the Distutils, a system to make package installation much
easier. They form the \package{distutils} package, a new part of easier. They form the \module{distutils} package, a new part of
Python's standard library. In the best case, installing a Python Python's standard library. In the best case, installing a Python
module from source will require the same steps: first you simply mean module from source will require the same steps: first you simply mean
unpack the tarball or zip archive, and the run ``\code{python setup.py unpack the tarball or zip archive, and the run ``\code{python setup.py
@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ handy conveniences.
A change to syntax makes it more convenient to call a given function A change to syntax makes it more convenient to call a given function
with a tuple of arguments and/or a dictionary of keyword arguments. with a tuple of arguments and/or a dictionary of keyword arguments.
In Python 1.5 and earlier, you do this with the \builtin{apply()} In Python 1.5 and earlier, you do this with the \function{apply()}
built-in function: \code{apply(f, \var{args}, \var{kw})} calls the built-in function: \code{apply(f, \var{args}, \var{kw})} calls the
function \function{f()} with the argument tuple \var{args} and the function \function{f()} with the argument tuple \var{args} and the
keyword arguments in the dictionary \var{kw}. Thanks to a patch from keyword arguments in the dictionary \var{kw}. Thanks to a patch from
@ -380,29 +380,29 @@ def f(*args, **kw):
... ...
\end{verbatim} \end{verbatim}
A new format style is available when using the \operator{\%} operator. A new format style is available when using the \code{\%} operator.
'\%r' will insert the \function{repr()} of its argument. This was '\%r' will insert the \function{repr()} of its argument. This was
also added from symmetry considerations, this time for symmetry with also added from symmetry considerations, this time for symmetry with
the existing '\%s' format style, which inserts the \function{str()} of the existing '\%s' format style, which inserts the \function{str()} of
its argument. For example, \code{'%r %s' % ('abc', 'abc')} returns a its argument. For example, \code{'\%r \%s' \% ('abc', 'abc')} returns a
string containing \verb|'abc' abc|. string containing \verb|'abc' abc|.
The \builtin{int()} and \builtin{long()} functions now accept an The \function{int()} and \function{long()} functions now accept an
optional ``base'' parameter when the first argument is a string. optional ``base'' parameter when the first argument is a string.
\code{int('123', 10)} returns 123, while \code{int('123', 16)} returns \code{int('123', 10)} returns 123, while \code{int('123', 16)} returns
291. \code{int(123, 16)} raises a \exception{TypeError} exception 291. \code{int(123, 16)} raises a \exception{TypeError} exception
with the message ``can't convert non-string with explicit base''. with the message ``can't convert non-string with explicit base''.
Previously there was no way to implement a class that overrode Previously there was no way to implement a class that overrode
Python's built-in \operator{in} operator and implemented a custom Python's built-in \keyword{in} operator and implemented a custom
version. \code{\var{obj} in \var{seq}} returns true if \var{obj} is version. \code{\var{obj} in \var{seq}} returns true if \var{obj} is
present in the sequence \var{seq}; Python computes this by simply present in the sequence \var{seq}; Python computes this by simply
trying every index of the sequence until either \var{obj} is found or trying every index of the sequence until either \var{obj} is found or
an \exception{IndexError} is encountered. Moshe Zadka contributed a an \exception{IndexError} is encountered. Moshe Zadka contributed a
patch which adds a \method{__contains__} magic method for providing a patch which adds a \method{__contains__} magic method for providing a
custom implementation for \operator{in}. Additionally, new built-in objects custom implementation for \keyword{in}. Additionally, new built-in
can define what \operator{in} means for them via a new slot in the sequence objects written in C can define what \keyword{in} means for them via a
protocol. new slot in the sequence protocol.
Earlier versions of Python used a recursive algorithm for deleting Earlier versions of Python used a recursive algorithm for deleting
objects. Deeply nested data structures could cause the interpreter to objects. Deeply nested data structures could cause the interpreter to
@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ This means you no longer have to remember to write code such as
\code{if type(obj) == myExtensionClass}, but can use the more natural \code{if type(obj) == myExtensionClass}, but can use the more natural
\code{if isinstance(obj, myExtensionClass)}. \code{if isinstance(obj, myExtensionClass)}.
The \file{Python/importdl.c} file, which was a mass of #ifdefs to The \file{Python/importdl.c} file, which was a mass of \#ifdefs to
support dynamic loading on many different platforms, was cleaned up support dynamic loading on many different platforms, was cleaned up
are reorganized by Greg Stein. \file{importdl.c} is now quite small, are reorganized by Greg Stein. \file{importdl.c} is now quite small,
and platform-specific code has been moved into a bunch of and platform-specific code has been moved into a bunch of
@ -533,16 +533,12 @@ XXX re - changed to be a frontend to sre
\section{New modules} \section{New modules}
winreg - Windows registry interface. winreg - Windows registry interface.
Distutils - tools for distributing Python modules
PyExpat - interface to Expat XML parser PyExpat - interface to Expat XML parser
robotparser - parse a robots.txt file (for writing web spiders) robotparser - parse a robots.txt file (for writing web spiders)
linuxaudio - audio for Linux linuxaudio - audio for Linux
mmap - treat a file as a memory buffer mmap - treat a file as a memory buffer
filecmp - supersedes the old cmp.py and dircmp.py modules filecmp - supersedes the old cmp.py and dircmp.py modules
tabnanny - check Python sources for tab-width dependance tabnanny - check Python sources for tab-width dependance
sre - regular expressions (fast, supports unicode)
unicode - support for unicode
codecs - support for Unicode encoders/decoders
% ====================================================================== % ======================================================================
\section{IDLE Improvements} \section{IDLE Improvements}