bpo-33610: Update IDLE Code Context doc entry (GH-7597)
Users can now click on context lines.
This commit is contained in:
Terry Jan Reedy
GitHub
parent
820c53ac61
commit
af4b0130d4
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@ -274,7 +274,8 @@ Configure IDLE
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Code Context (toggle)(Editor Window only)
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Open a pane at the top of the edit window which shows the block context
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of the code which has scrolled above the top of the window.
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of the code which has scrolled above the top of the window. Clicking a
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line in this pane exposes that line at the top of the editor.
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Window menu (Shell and Editor)
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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@ -1,49 +1,42 @@
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" />
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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<title>25.5. IDLE — Python 3.7.0a0 documentation</title>
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<title>26.5. IDLE — Python 3.8.0a0 documentation</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pydoctheme.css" type="text/css" />
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
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<script type="text/javascript">
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var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
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URL_ROOT: '../',
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VERSION: '3.7.0a0',
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COLLAPSE_INDEX: false,
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FILE_SUFFIX: '.html',
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HAS_SOURCE: true
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};
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</script>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script>
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<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
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title="Search within Python 3.7.0a0 documentation"
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title="Search within Python 3.8.0a0 documentation"
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href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/>
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<link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" />
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<link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" />
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<link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" />
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<link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" />
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<link rel="top" title="Python 3.7.0a0 documentation" href="../contents.html" />
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<link rel="up" title="25. Graphical User Interfaces with Tk" href="tk.html" />
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<link rel="next" title="25.6. Other Graphical User Interface Packages" href="othergui.html" />
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<link rel="prev" title="25.4. tkinter.scrolledtext — Scrolled Text Widget" href="tkinter.scrolledtext.html" />
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<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" />
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<link rel="next" title="26.6. Other Graphical User Interface Packages" href="othergui.html" />
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<link rel="prev" title="26.4. tkinter.scrolledtext — Scrolled Text Widget" href="tkinter.scrolledtext.html" />
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<link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/idle.html" />
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<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" />
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<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script>
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</head>
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<body role="document">
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</head><body>
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<div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
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<h3>Navigation</h3>
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<ul>
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@ -54,20 +47,23 @@
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<a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
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>modules</a> |</li>
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<li class="right" >
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<a href="othergui.html" title="25.6. Other Graphical User Interface Packages"
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<a href="othergui.html" title="26.6. Other Graphical User Interface Packages"
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accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>
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<li class="right" >
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<a href="tkinter.scrolledtext.html" title="25.4. tkinter.scrolledtext — Scrolled Text Widget"
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<a href="tkinter.scrolledtext.html" title="26.4. tkinter.scrolledtext — Scrolled Text Widget"
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accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
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<li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
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style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
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<li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li>
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<li>
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<a href="../index.html">3.7.0a0 Documentation</a> »
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</li>
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<li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li>
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<li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="tk.html" accesskey="U">25. Graphical User Interfaces with Tk</a> »</li>
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<li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
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style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
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<li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li>
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<li>
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<a href="../index.html">3.8.0a0 Documentation</a> »
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</li>
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<li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li>
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<li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="tk.html" accesskey="U">26. Graphical User Interfaces with Tk</a> »</li>
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<li class="right">
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@ -92,13 +88,13 @@
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<div class="body" role="main">
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<div class="section" id="idle">
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<span id="id1"></span><h1>25.5. IDLE<a class="headerlink" href="#idle" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<span id="id1"></span><h1>26.5. IDLE<a class="headerlink" href="#idle" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/master/Lib/idlelib/">Lib/idlelib/</a></p>
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<hr class="docutils" id="index-0" />
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<p>IDLE is Python’s Integrated Development and Learning Environment.</p>
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<p>IDLE is Python’s Integrated Development and Learning Environment.</p>
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<p>IDLE has the following features:</p>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li>coded in 100% pure Python, using the <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> GUI toolkit</li>
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<li>coded in 100% pure Python, using the <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> GUI toolkit</li>
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<li>cross-platform: works mostly the same on Windows, Unix, and Mac OS X</li>
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<li>Python shell window (interactive interpreter) with colorizing
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of code input, output, and error messages</li>
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@ -111,24 +107,24 @@ of global and local namespaces</li>
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<li>configuration, browsers, and other dialogs</li>
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</ul>
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<div class="section" id="menus">
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<h2>25.5.1. Menus<a class="headerlink" href="#menus" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<h2>26.5.1. Menus<a class="headerlink" href="#menus" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>IDLE has two main window types, the Shell window and the Editor window. It is
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possible to have multiple editor windows simultaneously. Output windows, such
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as used for Edit / Find in Files, are a subtype of edit window. They currently
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have the same top menu as Editor windows but a different default title and
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context menu.</p>
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<p>IDLE’s menus dynamically change based on which window is currently selected.
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<p>IDLE’s menus dynamically change based on which window is currently selected.
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Each menu documented below indicates which window type it is associated with.</p>
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<div class="section" id="file-menu-shell-and-editor">
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<h3>25.5.1.1. File menu (Shell and Editor)<a class="headerlink" href="#file-menu-shell-and-editor" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<h3>26.5.1.1. File menu (Shell and Editor)<a class="headerlink" href="#file-menu-shell-and-editor" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>New File</dt>
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<dd>Create a new file editing window.</dd>
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<dt>Open...</dt>
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<dt>Open…</dt>
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<dd>Open an existing file with an Open dialog.</dd>
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<dt>Recent Files</dt>
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<dd>Open a list of recent files. Click one to open it.</dd>
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<dt>Open Module...</dt>
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<dt>Open Module…</dt>
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<dd>Open an existing module (searches sys.path).</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl class="docutils" id="index-1">
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@ -143,10 +139,10 @@ tree structure.</dd>
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that have been changed since being opened or last saved have a * before
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and after the window title. If there is no associated file,
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do Save As instead.</dd>
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<dt>Save As...</dt>
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<dt>Save As…</dt>
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<dd>Save the current window with a Save As dialog. The file saved becomes the
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new associated file for the window.</dd>
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<dt>Save Copy As...</dt>
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<dt>Save Copy As…</dt>
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<dd>Save the current window to different file without changing the associated
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file.</dd>
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<dt>Print Window</dt>
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@ -158,7 +154,7 @@ file.</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="edit-menu-shell-and-editor">
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<h3>25.5.1.2. Edit menu (Shell and Editor)<a class="headerlink" href="#edit-menu-shell-and-editor" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<h3>26.5.1.2. Edit menu (Shell and Editor)<a class="headerlink" href="#edit-menu-shell-and-editor" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>Undo</dt>
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<dd>Undo the last change to the current window. A maximum of 1000 changes may
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@ -176,15 +172,15 @@ be undone.</dd>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>Select All</dt>
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<dd>Select the entire contents of the current window.</dd>
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<dt>Find...</dt>
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<dt>Find…</dt>
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<dd>Open a search dialog with many options</dd>
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<dt>Find Again</dt>
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<dd>Repeat the last search, if there is one.</dd>
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<dt>Find Selection</dt>
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<dd>Search for the currently selected string, if there is one.</dd>
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<dt>Find in Files...</dt>
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<dt>Find in Files…</dt>
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<dd>Open a file search dialog. Put results in a new output window.</dd>
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<dt>Replace...</dt>
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<dt>Replace…</dt>
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<dd>Open a search-and-replace dialog.</dd>
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<dt>Go to Line</dt>
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<dd>Move cursor to the line number requested and make that line visible.</dd>
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@ -202,7 +198,7 @@ function parameter hints.</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="format-menu-editor-window-only">
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<h3>25.5.1.3. Format menu (Editor window only)<a class="headerlink" href="#format-menu-editor-window-only" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<h3>26.5.1.3. Format menu (Editor window only)<a class="headerlink" href="#format-menu-editor-window-only" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>Indent Region</dt>
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<dd>Shift selected lines right by the indent width (default 4 spaces).</dd>
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@ -233,7 +229,7 @@ including lines within multiline strings.</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="run-menu-editor-window-only">
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<span id="index-2"></span><h3>25.5.1.4. Run menu (Editor window only)<a class="headerlink" href="#run-menu-editor-window-only" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<span id="index-2"></span><h3>26.5.1.4. Run menu (Editor window only)<a class="headerlink" href="#run-menu-editor-window-only" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>Python Shell</dt>
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<dd>Open or wake up the Python Shell window.</dd>
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@ -246,15 +242,15 @@ Editor window.</dd>
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<dt>Run Module</dt>
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<dd>Do Check Module (above). If no error, restart the shell to clean the
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environment, then execute the module. Output is displayed in the Shell
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window. Note that output requires use of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">print</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">write</span></code>.
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window. Note that output requires use of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">write</span></code>.
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When execution is complete, the Shell retains focus and displays a prompt.
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At this point, one may interactively explore the result of execution.
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This is similar to executing a file with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">-i</span> <span class="pre">file</span></code> at a command
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This is similar to executing a file with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">-i</span> <span class="pre">file</span></code> at a command
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line.</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="shell-menu-shell-window-only">
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<h3>25.5.1.5. Shell menu (Shell window only)<a class="headerlink" href="#shell-menu-shell-window-only" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<h3>26.5.1.5. Shell menu (Shell window only)<a class="headerlink" href="#shell-menu-shell-window-only" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>View Last Restart</dt>
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<dd>Scroll the shell window to the last Shell restart.</dd>
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@ -265,7 +261,7 @@ line.</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="debug-menu-shell-window-only">
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<h3>25.5.1.6. Debug menu (Shell window only)<a class="headerlink" href="#debug-menu-shell-window-only" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<h3>26.5.1.6. Debug menu (Shell window only)<a class="headerlink" href="#debug-menu-shell-window-only" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>Go to File/Line</dt>
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<dd>Look on the current line. with the cursor, and the line above for a filename
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@ -287,7 +283,7 @@ access to locals and globals.</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="options-menu-shell-and-editor">
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<h3>25.5.1.7. Options menu (Shell and Editor)<a class="headerlink" href="#options-menu-shell-and-editor" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<h3>26.5.1.7. Options menu (Shell and Editor)<a class="headerlink" href="#options-menu-shell-and-editor" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>Configure IDLE</dt>
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<dd><p class="first">Open a configuration dialog and change preferences for the following:
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@ -296,17 +292,18 @@ size, additional help sources, and extensions (see below). On OS X,
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open the configuration dialog by selecting Preferences in the application
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menu. To use a new built-in color theme (IDLE Dark) with older IDLEs,
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save it as a new custom theme.</p>
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<p class="last">Non-default user settings are saved in a .idlerc directory in the user’s
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<p class="last">Non-default user settings are saved in a .idlerc directory in the user’s
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home directory. Problems caused by bad user configuration files are solved
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by editing or deleting one or more of the files in .idlerc.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Code Context (toggle)(Editor Window only)</dt>
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<dd>Open a pane at the top of the edit window which shows the block context
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of the code which has scrolled above the top of the window.</dd>
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of the code which has scrolled above the top of the window. Clicking a
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line in this pane exposes that line at the top of the editor.</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="window-menu-shell-and-editor">
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<h3>25.5.1.8. Window menu (Shell and Editor)<a class="headerlink" href="#window-menu-shell-and-editor" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<h3>26.5.1.8. Window menu (Shell and Editor)<a class="headerlink" href="#window-menu-shell-and-editor" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>Zoom Height</dt>
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<dd>Toggles the window between normal size and maximum height. The initial size
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@ -317,7 +314,7 @@ Configure IDLE dialog.</dd>
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it to the foreground (deiconifying it if necessary).</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="help-menu-shell-and-editor">
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<h3>25.5.1.9. Help menu (Shell and Editor)<a class="headerlink" href="#help-menu-shell-and-editor" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<h3>26.5.1.9. Help menu (Shell and Editor)<a class="headerlink" href="#help-menu-shell-and-editor" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>About IDLE</dt>
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<dd>Display version, copyright, license, credits, and more.</dd>
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@ -334,7 +331,7 @@ and open docs.python.org showing the latest Python documentation.</dd>
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the General tab.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="context-menus">
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<span id="index-4"></span><h3>25.5.1.10. Context Menus<a class="headerlink" href="#context-menus" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<span id="index-4"></span><h3>26.5.1.10. Context Menus<a class="headerlink" href="#context-menus" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>Open a context menu by right-clicking in a window (Control-click on OS X).
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Context menus have the standard clipboard functions also on the Edit menu.</p>
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<dl class="docutils">
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@ -347,7 +344,7 @@ Context menus have the standard clipboard functions also on the Edit menu.</p>
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</dl>
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<p>Editor windows also have breakpoint functions. Lines with a breakpoint set are
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specially marked. Breakpoints only have an effect when running under the
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debugger. Breakpoints for a file are saved in the user’s .idlerc directory.</p>
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debugger. Breakpoints for a file are saved in the user’s .idlerc directory.</p>
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<dl class="docutils">
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<dt>Set Breakpoint</dt>
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<dd>Set a breakpoint on the current line.</dd>
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@ -362,93 +359,93 @@ debugger. Breakpoints for a file are saved in the user’s .idlerc director
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="editing-and-navigation">
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<h2>25.5.2. Editing and navigation<a class="headerlink" href="#editing-and-navigation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>In this section, ‘C’ refers to the <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Control</span></code> key on Windows and Unix and
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the <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Command</span></code> key on Mac OSX.</p>
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||||
<h2>26.5.2. Editing and navigation<a class="headerlink" href="#editing-and-navigation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>In this section, ‘C’ refers to the <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Control</kbd> key on Windows and Unix and
|
||||
the <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Command</kbd> key on Mac OSX.</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Backspace</span></code> deletes to the left; <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Del</span></code> deletes to the right</p>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Backspace</kbd> deletes to the left; <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Del</kbd> deletes to the right</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-Backspace</span></code> delete word left; <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-Del</span></code> delete word to the right</p>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-Backspace</kbd> delete word left; <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-Del</kbd> delete word to the right</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><p class="first">Arrow keys and <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Page</span> <span class="pre">Up</span></code>/<code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Page</span> <span class="pre">Down</span></code> to move around</p>
|
||||
<li><p class="first">Arrow keys and <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Page Up</kbd>/<kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Page Down</kbd> to move around</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-LeftArrow</span></code> and <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-RightArrow</span></code> moves by words</p>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-LeftArrow</kbd> and <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-RightArrow</kbd> moves by words</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Home</span></code>/<code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">End</span></code> go to begin/end of line</p>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Home</kbd>/<kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">End</kbd> go to begin/end of line</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-Home</span></code>/<code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-End</span></code> go to begin/end of file</p>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-Home</kbd>/<kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-End</kbd> go to begin/end of file</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><p class="first">Some useful Emacs bindings are inherited from Tcl/Tk:</p>
|
||||
<blockquote>
|
||||
<div><ul class="simple">
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-a</span></code> beginning of line</li>
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-e</span></code> end of line</li>
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-k</span></code> kill line (but doesn’t put it in clipboard)</li>
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-l</span></code> center window around the insertion point</li>
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-b</span></code> go backward one character without deleting (usually you can
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-a</kbd> beginning of line</li>
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-e</kbd> end of line</li>
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-k</kbd> kill line (but doesn’t put it in clipboard)</li>
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-l</kbd> center window around the insertion point</li>
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-b</kbd> go backward one character without deleting (usually you can
|
||||
also use the cursor key for this)</li>
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-f</span></code> go forward one character without deleting (usually you can
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-f</kbd> go forward one character without deleting (usually you can
|
||||
also use the cursor key for this)</li>
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-p</span></code> go up one line (usually you can also use the cursor key for
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-p</kbd> go up one line (usually you can also use the cursor key for
|
||||
this)</li>
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-d</span></code> delete next character</li>
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-d</kbd> delete next character</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</div></blockquote>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>Standard keybindings (like <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-c</span></code> to copy and <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-v</span></code> to paste)
|
||||
<p>Standard keybindings (like <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-c</kbd> to copy and <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-v</kbd> to paste)
|
||||
may work. Keybindings are selected in the Configure IDLE dialog.</p>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="automatic-indentation">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.2.1. Automatic indentation<a class="headerlink" href="#automatic-indentation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.2.1. Automatic indentation<a class="headerlink" href="#automatic-indentation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>After a block-opening statement, the next line is indented by 4 spaces (in the
|
||||
Python Shell window by one tab). After certain keywords (break, return etc.)
|
||||
the next line is dedented. In leading indentation, <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Backspace</span></code> deletes up
|
||||
to 4 spaces if they are there. <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Tab</span></code> inserts spaces (in the Python
|
||||
the next line is dedented. In leading indentation, <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Backspace</kbd> deletes up
|
||||
to 4 spaces if they are there. <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Tab</kbd> inserts spaces (in the Python
|
||||
Shell window one tab), number depends on Indent width. Currently, tabs
|
||||
are restricted to four spaces due to Tcl/Tk limitations.</p>
|
||||
<p>See also the indent/dedent region commands in the edit menu.</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="completions">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.2.2. Completions<a class="headerlink" href="#completions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.2.2. Completions<a class="headerlink" href="#completions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>Completions are supplied for functions, classes, and attributes of classes,
|
||||
both built-in and user-defined. Completions are also provided for
|
||||
filenames.</p>
|
||||
<p>The AutoCompleteWindow (ACW) will open after a predefined delay (default is
|
||||
two seconds) after a ‘.’ or (in a string) an os.sep is typed. If after one
|
||||
two seconds) after a ‘.’ or (in a string) an os.sep is typed. If after one
|
||||
of those characters (plus zero or more other characters) a tab is typed
|
||||
the ACW will open immediately if a possible continuation is found.</p>
|
||||
<p>If there is only one possible completion for the characters entered, a
|
||||
<code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Tab</span></code> will supply that completion without opening the ACW.</p>
|
||||
<p>‘Show Completions’ will force open a completions window, by default the
|
||||
<code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-space</span></code> will open a completions window. In an empty
|
||||
<kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Tab</kbd> will supply that completion without opening the ACW.</p>
|
||||
<p>‘Show Completions’ will force open a completions window, by default the
|
||||
<kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-space</kbd> will open a completions window. In an empty
|
||||
string, this will contain the files in the current directory. On a
|
||||
blank line, it will contain the built-in and user-defined functions and
|
||||
classes in the current namespaces, plus any modules imported. If some
|
||||
characters have been entered, the ACW will attempt to be more specific.</p>
|
||||
<p>If a string of characters is typed, the ACW selection will jump to the
|
||||
entry most closely matching those characters. Entering a <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">tab</span></code> will
|
||||
entry most closely matching those characters. Entering a <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">tab</kbd> will
|
||||
cause the longest non-ambiguous match to be entered in the Editor window or
|
||||
Shell. Two <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">tab</span></code> in a row will supply the current ACW selection, as
|
||||
Shell. Two <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">tab</kbd> in a row will supply the current ACW selection, as
|
||||
will return or a double click. Cursor keys, Page Up/Down, mouse selection,
|
||||
and the scroll wheel all operate on the ACW.</p>
|
||||
<p>“Hidden” attributes can be accessed by typing the beginning of hidden
|
||||
name after a ‘.’, e.g. ‘_’. This allows access to modules with
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__all__</span></code> set, or to class-private attributes.</p>
|
||||
<p>Completions and the ‘Expand Word’ facility can save a lot of typing!</p>
|
||||
<p>“Hidden” attributes can be accessed by typing the beginning of hidden
|
||||
name after a ‘.’, e.g. ‘_’. This allows access to modules with
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__all__</span></code> set, or to class-private attributes.</p>
|
||||
<p>Completions and the ‘Expand Word’ facility can save a lot of typing!</p>
|
||||
<p>Completions are currently limited to those in the namespaces. Names in
|
||||
an Editor window which are not via <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code> and <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.modules" title="sys.modules"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.modules</span></code></a> will
|
||||
an Editor window which are not via <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code> and <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.modules" title="sys.modules"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.modules</span></code></a> will
|
||||
not be found. Run the module once with your imports to correct this situation.
|
||||
Note that IDLE itself places quite a few modules in sys.modules, so
|
||||
much can be found by default, e.g. the re module.</p>
|
||||
<p>If you don’t like the ACW popping up unbidden, simply make the delay
|
||||
<p>If you don’t like the ACW popping up unbidden, simply make the delay
|
||||
longer or disable the extension.</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="calltips">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.2.3. Calltips<a class="headerlink" href="#calltips" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>A calltip is shown when one types <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">(</span></code> after the name of an <em>accessible</em>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.2.3. Calltips<a class="headerlink" href="#calltips" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>A calltip is shown when one types <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">(</kbd> after the name of an <em>accessible</em>
|
||||
function. A name expression may include dots and subscripts. A calltip
|
||||
remains until it is clicked, the cursor is moved out of the argument area,
|
||||
or <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">)</span></code> is typed. When the cursor is in the argument part of a definition,
|
||||
or <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">)</kbd> is typed. When the cursor is in the argument part of a definition,
|
||||
the menu or shortcut display a calltip.</p>
|
||||
<p>A calltip consists of the function signature and the first line of the
|
||||
docstring. For builtins without an accessible signature, the calltip
|
||||
|
|
@ -457,40 +454,40 @@ details may change.</p>
|
|||
<p>The set of <em>accessible</em> functions depends on what modules have been imported
|
||||
into the user process, including those imported by Idle itself,
|
||||
and what definitions have been run, all since the last restart.</p>
|
||||
<p>For example, restart the Shell and enter <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">itertools.count(</span></code>. A calltip
|
||||
<p>For example, restart the Shell and enter <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">itertools.count(</span></code>. A calltip
|
||||
appears because Idle imports itertools into the user process for its own use.
|
||||
(This could change.) Enter <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">turtle.write(</span></code> and nothing appears. Idle does
|
||||
(This could change.) Enter <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">turtle.write(</span></code> and nothing appears. Idle does
|
||||
not import turtle. The menu or shortcut do nothing either. Enter
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">turtle</span></code> and then <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">turtle.write(</span></code> will work.</p>
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">turtle</span></code> and then <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">turtle.write(</span></code> will work.</p>
|
||||
<p>In an editor, import statements have no effect until one runs the file. One
|
||||
might want to run a file after writing the import statements at the top,
|
||||
or immediately run an existing file before editing.</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="python-shell-window">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.2.4. Python Shell window<a class="headerlink" href="#python-shell-window" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.2.4. Python Shell window<a class="headerlink" href="#python-shell-window" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-c</span></code> interrupts executing command</p>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-c</kbd> interrupts executing command</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-d</span></code> sends end-of-file; closes window if typed at a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">>>></span></code> prompt</p>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-d</kbd> sends end-of-file; closes window if typed at a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">>>></span></code> prompt</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Alt-/</span></code> (Expand word) is also useful to reduce typing</p>
|
||||
<li><p class="first"><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Alt-/</kbd> (Expand word) is also useful to reduce typing</p>
|
||||
<p>Command history</p>
|
||||
<ul class="simple">
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Alt-p</span></code> retrieves previous command matching what you have typed. On
|
||||
OS X use <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-p</span></code>.</li>
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Alt-n</span></code> retrieves next. On OS X use <code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">C-n</span></code>.</li>
|
||||
<li><code class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Return</span></code> while on any previous command retrieves that command</li>
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Alt-p</kbd> retrieves previous command matching what you have typed. On
|
||||
OS X use <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-p</kbd>.</li>
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Alt-n</kbd> retrieves next. On OS X use <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">C-n</kbd>.</li>
|
||||
<li><kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Return</kbd> while on any previous command retrieves that command</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="text-colors">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.2.5. Text colors<a class="headerlink" href="#text-colors" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.2.5. Text colors<a class="headerlink" href="#text-colors" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>Idle defaults to black on white text, but colors text with special meanings.
|
||||
For the shell, these are shell output, shell error, user output, and
|
||||
user error. For Python code, at the shell prompt or in an editor, these are
|
||||
keywords, builtin class and function names, names following <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">class</span></code> and
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">def</span></code>, strings, and comments. For any text window, these are the cursor (when
|
||||
keywords, builtin class and function names, names following <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">class</span></code> and
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">def</span></code>, strings, and comments. For any text window, these are the cursor (when
|
||||
present), found text (when possible), and selected text.</p>
|
||||
<p>Text coloring is done in the background, so uncolorized text is occasionally
|
||||
visible. To change the color scheme, use the Configure IDLE dialog
|
||||
|
|
@ -499,22 +496,22 @@ text in popups and dialogs is not user-configurable.</p>
|
|||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="startup-and-code-execution">
|
||||
<h2>25.5.3. Startup and code execution<a class="headerlink" href="#startup-and-code-execution" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Upon startup with the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-s</span></code> option, IDLE will execute the file referenced by
|
||||
the environment variables <span class="target" id="index-5"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal"><span class="pre">IDLESTARTUP</span></code> or <span class="target" id="index-6"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONSTARTUP"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal"><span class="pre">PYTHONSTARTUP</span></code></a>.
|
||||
IDLE first checks for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IDLESTARTUP</span></code>; if <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IDLESTARTUP</span></code> is present the file
|
||||
referenced is run. If <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IDLESTARTUP</span></code> is not present, IDLE checks for
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">PYTHONSTARTUP</span></code>. Files referenced by these environment variables are
|
||||
<h2>26.5.3. Startup and code execution<a class="headerlink" href="#startup-and-code-execution" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Upon startup with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-s</span></code> option, IDLE will execute the file referenced by
|
||||
the environment variables <span class="target" id="index-5"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IDLESTARTUP</span></code> or <span class="target" id="index-6"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONSTARTUP"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONSTARTUP</span></code></a>.
|
||||
IDLE first checks for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IDLESTARTUP</span></code>; if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IDLESTARTUP</span></code> is present the file
|
||||
referenced is run. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IDLESTARTUP</span></code> is not present, IDLE checks for
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONSTARTUP</span></code>. Files referenced by these environment variables are
|
||||
convenient places to store functions that are used frequently from the IDLE
|
||||
shell, or for executing import statements to import common modules.</p>
|
||||
<p>In addition, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Tk</span></code> also loads a startup file if it is present. Note that the
|
||||
Tk file is loaded unconditionally. This additional file is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.Idle.py</span></code> and is
|
||||
looked for in the user’s home directory. Statements in this file will be
|
||||
<p>In addition, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Tk</span></code> also loads a startup file if it is present. Note that the
|
||||
Tk file is loaded unconditionally. This additional file is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.Idle.py</span></code> and is
|
||||
looked for in the user’s home directory. Statements in this file will be
|
||||
executed in the Tk namespace, so this file is not useful for importing
|
||||
functions to be used from IDLE’s Python shell.</p>
|
||||
functions to be used from IDLE’s Python shell.</p>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="command-line-usage">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.3.1. Command line usage<a class="headerlink" href="#command-line-usage" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>idle.py [-c command] [-d] [-e] [-h] [-i] [-r file] [-s] [-t title] [-] [arg] ...
|
||||
<h3>26.5.3.1. Command line usage<a class="headerlink" href="#command-line-usage" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>idle.py [-c command] [-d] [-e] [-h] [-i] [-r file] [-s] [-t title] [-] [arg] ...
|
||||
|
||||
-c command run command in the shell window
|
||||
-d enable debugger and open shell window
|
||||
|
|
@ -529,21 +526,21 @@ functions to be used from IDLE’s Python shell.</p>
|
|||
</div>
|
||||
<p>If there are arguments:</p>
|
||||
<ul class="simple">
|
||||
<li>If <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-c</span></code>, or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">r</span></code> is used, all arguments are placed in
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.argv[1:...]</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.argv[0]</span></code> is set to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">''</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'-c'</span></code>,
|
||||
or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'-r'</span></code>. No editor window is opened, even if that is the default
|
||||
<li>If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-c</span></code>, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">r</span></code> is used, all arguments are placed in
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv[1:...]</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv[0]</span></code> is set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">''</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'-c'</span></code>,
|
||||
or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'-r'</span></code>. No editor window is opened, even if that is the default
|
||||
set in the Options dialog.</li>
|
||||
<li>Otherwise, arguments are files opened for editing and
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.argv</span></code> reflects the arguments passed to IDLE itself.</li>
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv</span></code> reflects the arguments passed to IDLE itself.</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="startup-failure">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.3.2. Startup failure<a class="headerlink" href="#startup-failure" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.3.2. Startup failure<a class="headerlink" href="#startup-failure" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>IDLE uses a socket to communicate between the IDLE GUI process and the user
|
||||
code execution process. A connection must be established whenever the Shell
|
||||
starts or restarts. (The latter is indicated by a divider line that says
|
||||
‘RESTART’). If the user process fails to connect to the GUI process, it
|
||||
displays a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Tk</span></code> error box with a ‘cannot connect’ message that directs the
|
||||
‘RESTART’). If the user process fails to connect to the GUI process, it
|
||||
displays a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Tk</span></code> error box with a ‘cannot connect’ message that directs the
|
||||
user here. It then exits.</p>
|
||||
<p>A common cause of failure is a user-written file with the same name as a
|
||||
standard library module, such as <em>random.py</em> and <em>tkinter.py</em>. When such a
|
||||
|
|
@ -565,46 +562,46 @@ Manager to detect and stop one. Sometimes a restart initiated by a program
|
|||
crash or Keyboard Interrupt (control-C) may fail to connect. Dismissing
|
||||
the error box or Restart Shell on the Shell menu may fix a temporary problem.</p>
|
||||
<p>When IDLE first starts, it attempts to read user configuration files in
|
||||
~/.idlerc/ (~ is one’s home directory). If there is a problem, an error
|
||||
~/.idlerc/ (~ is one’s home directory). If there is a problem, an error
|
||||
message should be displayed. Leaving aside random disk glitches, this can
|
||||
be prevented by never editing the files by hand, using the configuration
|
||||
dialog, under Options, instead Options. Once it happens, the solution may
|
||||
be to delete one or more of the configuration files.</p>
|
||||
<p>If IDLE quits with no message, and it was not started from a console, try
|
||||
starting from a console (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">-m</span> <span class="pre">idlelib)</span></code> and see if a message appears.</p>
|
||||
starting from a console (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">-m</span> <span class="pre">idlelib)</span></code> and see if a message appears.</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="idle-console-differences">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.3.3. IDLE-console differences<a class="headerlink" href="#idle-console-differences" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.3.3. IDLE-console differences<a class="headerlink" href="#idle-console-differences" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>With rare exceptions, the result of executing Python code with IDLE is
|
||||
intended to be the same as executing the same code in a console window.
|
||||
However, the different interface and operation occasionally affect
|
||||
visible results. For instance, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.modules</span></code> starts with more entries.</p>
|
||||
<p>IDLE also replaces <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.stdin</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.stderr</span></code> with
|
||||
visible results. For instance, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.modules</span></code> starts with more entries.</p>
|
||||
<p>IDLE also replaces <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdin</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stderr</span></code> with
|
||||
objects that get input from and send output to the Shell window.
|
||||
When Shell has the focus, it controls the keyboard and screen. This is
|
||||
normally transparent, but functions that directly access the keyboard
|
||||
and screen will not work. If <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys</span></code> is reset with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">importlib.reload(sys)</span></code>,
|
||||
IDLE’s changes are lost and things like <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">input</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">raw_input</span></code>, and
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">print</span></code> will not work correctly.</p>
|
||||
<p>With IDLE’s Shell, one enters, edits, and recalls complete statements.
|
||||
and screen will not work. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code> is reset with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.reload(sys)</span></code>,
|
||||
IDLE’s changes are lost and things like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">input</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">raw_input</span></code>, and
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print</span></code> will not work correctly.</p>
|
||||
<p>With IDLE’s Shell, one enters, edits, and recalls complete statements.
|
||||
Some consoles only work with a single physical line at a time. IDLE uses
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">exec</span></code> to run each statement. As a result, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'__builtins__'</span></code> is always
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exec</span></code> to run each statement. As a result, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'__builtins__'</span></code> is always
|
||||
defined for each statement.</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="developing-tkinter-applications">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.3.4. Developing tkinter applications<a class="headerlink" href="#developing-tkinter-applications" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.3.4. Developing tkinter applications<a class="headerlink" href="#developing-tkinter-applications" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>IDLE is intentionally different from standard Python in order to
|
||||
facilitate development of tkinter programs. Enter <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">tkinter</span> <span class="pre">as</span> <span class="pre">tk;</span>
|
||||
facilitate development of tkinter programs. Enter <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">tkinter</span> <span class="pre">as</span> <span class="pre">tk;</span>
|
||||
<span class="pre">root</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">tk.Tk()</span></code> in standard Python and nothing appears. Enter the same
|
||||
in IDLE and a tk window appears. In standard Python, one must also enter
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">root.update()</span></code> to see the window. IDLE does the equivalent in the
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">root.update()</span></code> to see the window. IDLE does the equivalent in the
|
||||
background, about 20 times a second, which is about every 50 milleseconds.
|
||||
Next enter <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">tk.Button(root,</span> <span class="pre">text='button');</span> <span class="pre">b.pack()</span></code>. Again,
|
||||
nothing visibly changes in standard Python until one enters <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">root.update()</span></code>.</p>
|
||||
<p>Most tkinter programs run <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">root.mainloop()</span></code>, which usually does not
|
||||
Next enter <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">tk.Button(root,</span> <span class="pre">text='button');</span> <span class="pre">b.pack()</span></code>. Again,
|
||||
nothing visibly changes in standard Python until one enters <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">root.update()</span></code>.</p>
|
||||
<p>Most tkinter programs run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">root.mainloop()</span></code>, which usually does not
|
||||
return until the tk app is destroyed. If the program is run with
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">-i</span></code> or from an IDLE editor, a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">>>></span></code> shell prompt does not
|
||||
appear until <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mainloop()</span></code> returns, at which time there is nothing left
|
||||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">-i</span></code> or from an IDLE editor, a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">>>></span></code> shell prompt does not
|
||||
appear until <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mainloop()</span></code> returns, at which time there is nothing left
|
||||
to interact with.</p>
|
||||
<p>When running a tkinter program from an IDLE editor, one can comment out
|
||||
the mainloop call. One then gets a shell prompt immediately and can
|
||||
|
|
@ -612,7 +609,7 @@ interact with the live application. One just has to remember to
|
|||
re-enable the mainloop call when running in standard Python.</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="running-without-a-subprocess">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.3.5. Running without a subprocess<a class="headerlink" href="#running-without-a-subprocess" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.3.5. Running without a subprocess<a class="headerlink" href="#running-without-a-subprocess" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>By default, IDLE executes user code in a separate subprocess via a socket,
|
||||
which uses the internal loopback interface. This connection is not
|
||||
externally visible and no data is sent to or received from the Internet.
|
||||
|
|
@ -638,24 +635,24 @@ with the default subprocess if at all possible.</p>
|
|||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="help-and-preferences">
|
||||
<h2>25.5.4. Help and preferences<a class="headerlink" href="#help-and-preferences" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
||||
<h2>26.5.4. Help and preferences<a class="headerlink" href="#help-and-preferences" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="additional-help-sources">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.4.1. Additional help sources<a class="headerlink" href="#additional-help-sources" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>IDLE includes a help menu entry called “Python Docs” that will open the
|
||||
<h3>26.5.4.1. Additional help sources<a class="headerlink" href="#additional-help-sources" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>IDLE includes a help menu entry called “Python Docs” that will open the
|
||||
extensive sources of help, including tutorials, available at docs.python.org.
|
||||
Selected URLs can be added or removed from the help menu at any time using the
|
||||
Configure IDLE dialog. See the IDLE help option in the help menu of IDLE for
|
||||
more information.</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="setting-preferences">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.4.2. Setting preferences<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-preferences" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.4.2. Setting preferences<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-preferences" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>The font preferences, highlighting, keys, and general preferences can be
|
||||
changed via Configure IDLE on the Option menu. Keys can be user defined;
|
||||
IDLE ships with four built-in key sets. In addition, a user can create a
|
||||
custom key set in the Configure IDLE dialog under the keys tab.</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section" id="extensions">
|
||||
<h3>25.5.4.3. Extensions<a class="headerlink" href="#extensions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<h3>26.5.4.3. Extensions<a class="headerlink" href="#extensions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
<p>IDLE contains an extension facility. Preferences for extensions can be
|
||||
changed with the Extensions tab of the preferences dialog. See the
|
||||
beginning of config-extensions.def in the idlelib directory for further
|
||||
|
|
@ -673,40 +670,40 @@ also used for testing.</p>
|
|||
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
|
||||
<h3><a href="../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">25.5. IDLE</a><ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#menus">25.5.1. Menus</a><ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#file-menu-shell-and-editor">25.5.1.1. File menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#edit-menu-shell-and-editor">25.5.1.2. Edit menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#format-menu-editor-window-only">25.5.1.3. Format menu (Editor window only)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#run-menu-editor-window-only">25.5.1.4. Run menu (Editor window only)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#shell-menu-shell-window-only">25.5.1.5. Shell menu (Shell window only)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#debug-menu-shell-window-only">25.5.1.6. Debug menu (Shell window only)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#options-menu-shell-and-editor">25.5.1.7. Options menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#window-menu-shell-and-editor">25.5.1.8. Window menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#help-menu-shell-and-editor">25.5.1.9. Help menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#context-menus">25.5.1.10. Context Menus</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">26.5. IDLE</a><ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#menus">26.5.1. Menus</a><ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#file-menu-shell-and-editor">26.5.1.1. File menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#edit-menu-shell-and-editor">26.5.1.2. Edit menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#format-menu-editor-window-only">26.5.1.3. Format menu (Editor window only)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#run-menu-editor-window-only">26.5.1.4. Run menu (Editor window only)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#shell-menu-shell-window-only">26.5.1.5. Shell menu (Shell window only)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#debug-menu-shell-window-only">26.5.1.6. Debug menu (Shell window only)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#options-menu-shell-and-editor">26.5.1.7. Options menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#window-menu-shell-and-editor">26.5.1.8. Window menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#help-menu-shell-and-editor">26.5.1.9. Help menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#context-menus">26.5.1.10. Context Menus</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#editing-and-navigation">25.5.2. Editing and navigation</a><ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#automatic-indentation">25.5.2.1. Automatic indentation</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#completions">25.5.2.2. Completions</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#calltips">25.5.2.3. Calltips</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-shell-window">25.5.2.4. Python Shell window</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#text-colors">25.5.2.5. Text colors</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#editing-and-navigation">26.5.2. Editing and navigation</a><ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#automatic-indentation">26.5.2.1. Automatic indentation</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#completions">26.5.2.2. Completions</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#calltips">26.5.2.3. Calltips</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-shell-window">26.5.2.4. Python Shell window</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#text-colors">26.5.2.5. Text colors</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#startup-and-code-execution">25.5.3. Startup and code execution</a><ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#command-line-usage">25.5.3.1. Command line usage</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#startup-failure">25.5.3.2. Startup failure</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#idle-console-differences">25.5.3.3. IDLE-console differences</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#developing-tkinter-applications">25.5.3.4. Developing tkinter applications</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#running-without-a-subprocess">25.5.3.5. Running without a subprocess</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#startup-and-code-execution">26.5.3. Startup and code execution</a><ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#command-line-usage">26.5.3.1. Command line usage</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#startup-failure">26.5.3.2. Startup failure</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#idle-console-differences">26.5.3.3. IDLE-console differences</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#developing-tkinter-applications">26.5.3.4. Developing tkinter applications</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#running-without-a-subprocess">26.5.3.5. Running without a subprocess</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#help-and-preferences">25.5.4. Help and preferences</a><ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#additional-help-sources">25.5.4.1. Additional help sources</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-preferences">25.5.4.2. Setting preferences</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#extensions">25.5.4.3. Extensions</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#help-and-preferences">26.5.4. Help and preferences</a><ul>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#additional-help-sources">26.5.4.1. Additional help sources</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-preferences">26.5.4.2. Setting preferences</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#extensions">26.5.4.3. Extensions</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
|
|
@ -715,16 +712,16 @@ also used for testing.</p>
|
|||
|
||||
<h4>Previous topic</h4>
|
||||
<p class="topless"><a href="tkinter.scrolledtext.html"
|
||||
title="previous chapter">25.4. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tkinter.scrolledtext</span></code> — Scrolled Text Widget</a></p>
|
||||
title="previous chapter">26.4. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.scrolledtext</span></code> — Scrolled Text Widget</a></p>
|
||||
<h4>Next topic</h4>
|
||||
<p class="topless"><a href="othergui.html"
|
||||
title="next chapter">25.6. Other Graphical User Interface Packages</a></p>
|
||||
title="next chapter">26.6. Other Graphical User Interface Packages</a></p>
|
||||
<div role="note" aria-label="source link">
|
||||
<h3>This Page</h3>
|
||||
<ul class="this-page-menu">
|
||||
<li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/master/Doc/library/idle.txt"
|
||||
<a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/master/Doc/library/idle.rst"
|
||||
rel="nofollow">Show Source
|
||||
</a>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
|
|
@ -744,20 +741,23 @@ also used for testing.</p>
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<a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
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>modules</a> |</li>
|
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<a href="othergui.html" title="25.6. Other Graphical User Interface Packages"
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<a href="othergui.html" title="26.6. Other Graphical User Interface Packages"
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>next</a> |</li>
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<a href="tkinter.scrolledtext.html" title="25.4. tkinter.scrolledtext — Scrolled Text Widget"
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||||
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||||
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@ -776,15 +776,19 @@ also used for testing.</p>
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<br />
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<br />
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Last updated on Sep 15, 2017.
|
||||
<a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>?
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Last updated on Jun 10, 2018.
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<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/bugs.html">Found a bug</a>?
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Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.3.6.
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Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.7.4.
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