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\subsection{ctypes reference\label{ctypes-reference}}
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ctypes defines a lot of C compatible datatypes, and also allows to
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define your own types. Among other things, a ctypes type instance
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holds a memory block that contains C compatible data.
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\begin{funcdesc}{addressof}{obj}
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Returns the address of the memory buffer as integer. \var{obj} must
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be an instance of a ctypes type.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{alignment}{obj_or_type}
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Returns the alignment requirements of a ctypes type.
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\var{obj_or_type} must be a ctypes type or an instance.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{excclassdesc}{ArgumentError}{}
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{byref}{obj}
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Returns a light-weight pointer to \var{obj}, which must be an instance
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of a ctypes type. The returned object can only be used as a foreign
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function call parameter. It behaves similar to \code{pointer(obj)},
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but the construction is a lot faster.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_byte}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C \code{signed char} datatype, and interprets the value
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as small integer. The constructor accepts an optional integer
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initializer; no overflow checking is done.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_char}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C \code{char} datatype, and interprets the value as a
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single character. The constructor accepts an optional string
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initializer, the length of the string must be exactly one character.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_char_p}{\optional{value}}
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_double}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C \code{double} datatype. The constructor accepts an
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optional float initializer.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_float}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C \code{double} datatype. The constructor accepts an
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optional float initializer.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_int}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C \code{signed int} datatype. The constructor accepts an
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optional integer initializer; no overflow checking is done. On
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platforms where \code{sizeof(int) == sizeof(long)} \var{c_int} is an
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alias to \var{c_long}.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_int16}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C 16-bit \code{signed int} datatype. Usually an alias
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for \var{c_short}.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_int32}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C 32-bit \code{signed int} datatype. Usually an alias
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for \code{c_int}.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_int64}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C 64-bit \code{signed int} datatype. Usually an alias
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for \code{c_longlong}.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_int8}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C 8-bit \code{signed int} datatype. Usually an alias for \code{c_byte}.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_long}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C \code{signed long} datatype. The constructor accepts
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an optional integer initializer; no overflow checking is done.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_longlong}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C \code{signed long long} datatype. The constructor
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accepts an optional integer initializer; no overflow checking is done.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_short}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C \code{signed short} datatype. The constructor accepts
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an optional integer initializer; no overflow checking is done.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_size_t}{\optional{value}}
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Represents a C \code{size_t} datatype.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{classdesc}{c_ubyte}{\optional{value}}
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