Revised / removed comments about string exceptions (relating to the
standard exceptions), added documentation of UnboundLocalError.
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@ -49,9 +49,7 @@ inappropriate error.
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\setindexsubitem{(built-in exception base class)}
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The following exceptions are only used as base classes for other
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exceptions. When string-based standard exceptions are used, they
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are tuples containing the directly derived classes.
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\strong{Note:} These will always be classes in Python 1.6.
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exceptions.
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\begin{excdesc}{Exception}
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The root class for exceptions. All built-in exceptions are derived
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@ -191,7 +189,7 @@ Raised when an \keyword{assert} statement fails.
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still be rescued (by deleting some objects). The associated value is
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a string indicating what kind of (internal) operation ran out of memory.
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Note that because of the underlying memory management architecture
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(\C{}'s \cfunction{malloc()} function), the interpreter may not
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(C's \cfunction{malloc()} function), the interpreter may not
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always be able to completely recover from this situation; it
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nevertheless raises an exception so that a stack traceback can be
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printed, in case a run-away program was the cause.
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@ -224,7 +222,7 @@ Raised when an \keyword{assert} statement fails.
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Raised when the result of an arithmetic operation is too large to be
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represented. This cannot occur for long integers (which would rather
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raise \exception{MemoryError} than give up). Because of the lack of
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standardization of floating point exception handling in \C{}, most
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standardization of floating point exception handling in C, most
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floating point operations also aren't checked. For plain integers,
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all operations that can overflow are checked except left shift, where
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typical applications prefer to drop bits than raise an exception.
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@ -273,16 +271,15 @@ For class exceptions, \function{str()} returns only the message.
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This exception is raised by the \function{sys.exit()} function. When it
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is not handled, the Python interpreter exits; no stack traceback is
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printed. If the associated value is a plain integer, it specifies the
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system exit status (passed to \C{}'s \cfunction{exit()} function); if it is
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system exit status (passed to C's \cfunction{exit()} function); if it is
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\code{None}, the exit status is zero; if it has another type (such as
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a string), the object's value is printed and the exit status is one.
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When class exceptions are used, the instance has an attribute
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\member{code} which is set to the proposed exit status or error message
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(defaulting to \code{None}). Also, this exception derives directly
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from \exception{Exception} and not \exception{StandardError}, since it
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is not technically an error.
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Instances have an attribute \member{code} which is set to the
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proposed exit status or error message (defaulting to \code{None}).
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Also, this exception derives directly from \exception{Exception} and
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not \exception{StandardError}, since it is not technically an error.
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A call to \function{sys.exit()} is translated into an exception so that
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clean-up handlers (\keyword{finally} clauses of \keyword{try} statements)
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can be executed, and so that a debugger can execute a script without
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@ -297,9 +294,17 @@ is not technically an error.
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details about the type mismatch.
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\end{excdesc}
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\begin{excdesc}{UnboundLocalError}
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Raised when a reference is made to a local variable in a function or
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method, but no value has been bound to that variable. This is a
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subclass of \exception{NameError}.
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\versionadded{1.6}
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\end{excdesc}
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\begin{excdesc}{UnicodeError}
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Raised when a Unicode-related encoding or decoding error occurs. It
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is a subclass of \exception{ValueError}.
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\versionadded{1.6}
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\end{excdesc}
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\begin{excdesc}{ValueError}
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