#3671: various corrections and markup fixes noted by Kent Johnson
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@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ versa.)
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Two other classes, :class:`Pool` and :class:`Manager`, provide
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higher-level interfaces. :class:`Pool` will create a fixed number of
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worker processes, and requests can then be distributed to the workers
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by calling :meth:`apply` or `apply_async` to add a single request,
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by calling :meth:`apply` or :meth:`apply_async` to add a single request,
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and :meth:`map` or :meth:`map_async` to add a number of
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requests. The following code uses a :class:`Pool` to spread requests
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across 5 worker processes and retrieve a list of results::
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@ -977,10 +977,10 @@ sequence of bytes::
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bytearray(b'ABC')
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>>> b = bytearray(u'\u21ef\u3244', 'utf-8')
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>>> b
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bytearray(b'\xe2\x87\xaf \xe3\x89\x84')
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bytearray(b'\xe2\x87\xaf\xe3\x89\x84')
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>>> b[0] = '\xe3'
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>>> b
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bytearray(b'\xe3\x87\xaf \xe3\x89\x84')
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bytearray(b'\xe3\x87\xaf\xe3\x89\x84')
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>>> unicode(str(b), 'utf-8')
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u'\u31ef \u3244'
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@ -1975,7 +1975,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
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* A new function in the :mod:`heapq` module, ``merge(iter1, iter2, ...)``,
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takes any number of iterables returning data in sorted
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order, and returns a new iterator that returns the contents of all
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order, and returns a new generator that returns the contents of all
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the iterators, also in sorted order. For example::
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heapq.merge([1, 3, 5, 9], [2, 8, 16]) ->
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@ -2030,7 +2030,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
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repeated *N* times. With a single iterable argument, *N*-tuples
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are returned::
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itertools.product([1,2], repeat=3)) ->
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itertools.product([1,2], repeat=3) ->
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[(1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 2), (1, 2, 1), (1, 2, 2),
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(2, 1, 1), (2, 1, 2), (2, 2, 1), (2, 2, 2)]
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@ -2178,7 +2178,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
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:const:`UF_APPEND` to indicate that data can only be appended to the
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file. (Contributed by M. Levinson.)
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``os.closerange(*low*, *high*)`` efficiently closes all file descriptors
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``os.closerange(low, high)`` efficiently closes all file descriptors
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from *low* to *high*, ignoring any errors and not including *high* itself.
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This function is now used by the :mod:`subprocess` module to make starting
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processes faster. (Contributed by Georg Brandl; :issue:`1663329`.)
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@ -2311,12 +2311,12 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
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will be ignored, not copied.
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The :mod:`shutil` module also provides an :func:`ignore_patterns`
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function for use with this new parameter.
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:func:`ignore_patterns` takes an arbitrary number of glob-style patterns
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and will ignore any files and directories that match any of these patterns.
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The following example copies a directory tree, but skips both
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:file:`.svn` directories and Emacs backup
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files, which have names ending with '~'::
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function for use with this new parameter. :func:`ignore_patterns`
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takes an arbitrary number of glob-style patterns and returns a
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callable that will ignore any files and directories that match any
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of these patterns. The following example copies a directory tree,
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but skips both :file:`.svn` directories and Emacs backup files,
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which have names ending with '~'::
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shutil.copytree('Doc/library', '/tmp/library',
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ignore=shutil.ignore_patterns('*~', '.svn'))
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@ -2523,13 +2523,15 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
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(Contributed by Dwayne Bailey; :issue:`1581073`.)
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* The :mod:`threading` module API is being changed to use properties such as
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:attr:`daemon` instead of :meth:`setDaemon` and :meth:`isDaemon` methods, and
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some methods have been renamed to use underscores instead of camel-case; for
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example, the :meth:`activeCount` method is renamed to :meth:`active_count`.
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The 2.6 version of the module supports the same properties and renamed
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methods, but doesn't remove the old methods. 3.0 also fully supports both
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APIs, and a date for the deprecation of the old APIs has not been set yet.
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* The :mod:`threading` module API is being changed to use properties
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such as :attr:`daemon` instead of :meth:`setDaemon` and
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:meth:`isDaemon` methods, and some methods have been renamed to use
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underscores instead of camel-case; for example, the
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:meth:`activeCount` method is renamed to :meth:`active_count`. Both
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the 2.6 and 3.0 versions of the module support the same properties
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and renamed methods, but don't remove the old methods. No date has been set
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for the deprecation of the old APIs in Python 3.x; the old APIs won't
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be removed in any 2.x version.
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(Carried out by several people, most notably Benjamin Peterson.)
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The :mod:`threading` module's :class:`Thread` objects
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@ -2735,15 +2737,15 @@ of these built-in functions that can be imported when writing
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The functions in this module currently include:
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* ``ascii(*obj*)``: equivalent to :func:`repr`. In Python 3.0,
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* ``ascii(obj)``: equivalent to :func:`repr`. In Python 3.0,
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:func:`repr` will return a Unicode string, while :func:`ascii` will
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return a pure ASCII bytestring.
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* ``filter(*predicate*, *iterable*)``,
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``map(*func*, *iterable1*, ...)``: the 3.0 versions
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* ``filter(predicate, iterable)``,
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``map(func, iterable1, ...)``: the 3.0 versions
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return iterators, unlike the 2.x built-ins which return lists.
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* ``hex(*value*)``, ``oct(*value*)``: instead of calling the
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* ``hex(value)``, ``oct(value)``: instead of calling the
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:meth:`__hex__` or :meth:`__oct__` methods, these versions will
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call the :meth:`__index__` method and convert the result to hexadecimal
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or octal. :func:`oct` will use the new ``0o`` notation for its
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@ -3212,5 +3214,5 @@ Acknowledgements
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The author would like to thank the following people for offering suggestions,
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corrections and assistance with various drafts of this article:
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Georg Brandl, Steve Brown, Nick Coghlan, Jim Jewett, Antoine Pitrou.
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Georg Brandl, Steve Brown, Nick Coghlan, Jim Jewett, Kent Johnson, Antoine Pitrou.
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