English spelling and grammar fixes

Doc/library/pyexpat.rst

@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ XMLParser Objects
 
 The following attributes contain values relating to the most recent error
 encountered by an :class:`xmlparser` object, and will only have correct values
-once a call to :meth:`Parse` or :meth:`ParseFile` has raised a
+once a call to :meth:`Parse` or :meth:`ParseFile` has raised an
 :exc:`xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError` exception.
 
 

Doc/library/urllib.request.rst

@@ -1138,7 +1138,7 @@ the returned bytes object to string once it determines or guesses
 the appropriate encoding.
 
 The following W3C document, https://www.w3.org/International/O-charset\ , lists
-the various ways in which a (X)HTML or a XML document could have specified its
+the various ways in which an (X)HTML or an XML document could have specified its
 encoding information.
 
 As the python.org website uses *utf-8* encoding as specified in its meta tag, we

Doc/library/xml.dom.minidom.rst

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ document: the one that holds all others.  Here is an example program::
 
 When you are finished with a DOM tree, you may optionally call the
 :meth:`unlink` method to encourage early cleanup of the now-unneeded
-objects.  :meth:`unlink` is a :mod:`xml.dom.minidom`\ -specific
+objects.  :meth:`unlink` is an :mod:`xml.dom.minidom`\ -specific
 extension to the DOM API that renders the node and its descendants are
 essentially useless.  Otherwise, Python's garbage collector will
 eventually take care of the objects in the tree.

Doc/library/xmlrpc.server.rst

@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ requests sent to Python CGI scripts.
 
 .. method:: CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.handle_request(request_text=None)
 
-   Handle a XML-RPC request. If *request_text* is given, it  should be the POST
+   Handle an XML-RPC request. If *request_text* is given, it should be the POST
    data provided by the HTTP server,  otherwise the contents of stdin will be used.
 
 Example::

Lib/distutils/tests/test_build_ext.py

@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ class BuildExtTestCase(TempdirManager,
         self.assertRaises(DistutilsSetupError, cmd.check_extensions_list, exts)
 
         # second element of each tuple in 'ext_modules'
-        # must be a ary (build info)
+        # must be a dictionary (build info)
         exts = [('foo.bar', '')]
         self.assertRaises(DistutilsSetupError, cmd.check_extensions_list, exts)
 

Lib/idlelib/NEWS.txt

@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ What's New in IDLE 3.5.0?
   Changes are written to HOME/.idlerc/config-extensions.cfg.
   Original patch by Tal Einat.
 
-- Issue #16233: A module browser (File : Class Browser, Alt+C) requires a
+- Issue #16233: A module browser (File : Class Browser, Alt+C) requires an
   editor window with a filename.  When Class Browser is requested otherwise,
   from a shell, output window, or 'Untitled' editor, Idle no longer displays
   an error box.  It now pops up an  Open Module box (Alt+M). If a valid name

Lib/test/test_ipaddress.py

@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ class IpaddrUnitTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual("IPv6Interface('::1/128')",
                          repr(ipaddress.IPv6Interface('::1')))
 
-    # issue #16531: constructing IPv4Network from a (address, mask) tuple
+    # issue #16531: constructing IPv4Network from an (address, mask) tuple
     def testIPv4Tuple(self):
         # /32
         ip = ipaddress.IPv4Address('192.0.2.1')
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ class IpaddrUnitTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(ipaddress.IPv4Interface((3221225985, 24)),
                          ipaddress.IPv4Interface('192.0.2.1/24'))
 
-    # issue #16531: constructing IPv6Network from a (address, mask) tuple
+    # issue #16531: constructing IPv6Network from an (address, mask) tuple
     def testIPv6Tuple(self):
         # /128
         ip = ipaddress.IPv6Address('2001:db8::')

Lib/unittest/mock.py

@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ class NonCallableMock(Base):
 
     def _call_matcher(self, _call):
         """
-        Given a call (or simply a (args, kwargs) tuple), return a
+        Given a call (or simply an (args, kwargs) tuple), return a
         comparison key suitable for matching with other calls.
         This is a best effort method which relies on the spec's signature,
         if available, or falls back on the arguments themselves.

Lib/xml/dom/expatbuilder.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ This avoids all the overhead of SAX and pulldom to gain performance.
 # minidom DOM and can't be used with other DOM implementations.  This
 # is due, in part, to a lack of appropriate methods in the DOM (there is
 # no way to create Entity and Notation nodes via the DOM Level 2
-# interface), and for performance.  The later is the cause of some fairly
+# interface), and for performance.  The latter is the cause of some fairly
 # cryptic code.
 #
 # Performance hacks:

Lib/xmlrpc/server.py

@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ class SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher:
         are considered private and will not be called by
         SimpleXMLRPCServer.
 
-        If a registered function matches a XML-RPC request, then it
+        If a registered function matches an XML-RPC request, then it
         will be called instead of the registered instance.
 
         If the optional allow_dotted_names argument is true and the

Misc/NEWS

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ Core and Builtins
 - Issue #27473: Fixed possible integer overflow in bytes and bytearray
   concatenations.  Patch by Xiang Zhang.
 
-- Issue #27443: __length_hint__() of bytearray itearator no longer return
-  negative integer for resized bytearray.
+- Issue #27443: __length_hint__() of bytearray iterators no longer return a
+  negative integer for a resized bytearray.
 
 Library
 -------
@@ -1965,7 +1965,7 @@ Library
   JoinableQueue was merged with Queue).
 
 - Issue #23908: os functions now reject paths with embedded null character
-  on Windows instead of silently truncate them.
+  on Windows instead of silently truncating them.
 
 - Issue #23728: binascii.crc_hqx() could return an integer outside of the range
   0-0xffff for empty data.
@@ -3221,7 +3221,7 @@ Library
 - Issue #22396: On 32-bit AIX platform, don't expose os.posix_fadvise() nor
   os.posix_fallocate() because their prototypes in system headers are wrong.
 
-- Issue #22517: When a io.BufferedRWPair object is deallocated, clear its
+- Issue #22517: When an io.BufferedRWPair object is deallocated, clear its
   weakrefs.
 
 - Issue #22437: Number of capturing groups in regular expression is no longer
@@ -3301,7 +3301,7 @@ Library
 - Issue #22168: Prevent turtle AttributeError with non-default Canvas on OS X.
 
 - Issue #21147: sqlite3 now raises an exception if the request contains a null
-  character instead of truncate it.  Based on patch by Victor Stinner.
+  character instead of truncating it.  Based on patch by Victor Stinner.
 
 - Issue #13968: The glob module now supports recursive search in
   subdirectories using the "**" pattern.
@@ -4153,7 +4153,7 @@ Build
   an explicit runtime library dependency.
 
 - Issue #17861: Tools/scripts/generate_opcode_h.py automatically regenerates
-  Include/opcode.h from Lib/opcode.py if the later gets any change.
+  Include/opcode.h from Lib/opcode.py if the latter gets any change.
 
 - Issue #20644: OS X installer build support for documentation build changes
   in 3.4.1: assume externally supplied sphinx-build is available in /usr/bin.