bpo-15999: Clean up of handling boolean arguments. (GH-15610)

* Use the 'p' format unit instead of manually called PyObject_IsTrue().
* Pass boolean value instead 0/1 integers to functions that needs boolean.
* Convert some arguments to boolean only once.

Lib/_pyio.py

@@ -2295,7 +2295,7 @@ class TextIOWrapper(TextIOBase):
         return not eof
 
     def _pack_cookie(self, position, dec_flags=0,
-                           bytes_to_feed=0, need_eof=0, chars_to_skip=0):
+                           bytes_to_feed=0, need_eof=False, chars_to_skip=0):
         # The meaning of a tell() cookie is: seek to position, set the
         # decoder flags to dec_flags, read bytes_to_feed bytes, feed them
         # into the decoder with need_eof as the EOF flag, then skip
@@ -2309,7 +2309,7 @@ class TextIOWrapper(TextIOBase):
         rest, dec_flags = divmod(rest, 1<<64)
         rest, bytes_to_feed = divmod(rest, 1<<64)
         need_eof, chars_to_skip = divmod(rest, 1<<64)
-        return position, dec_flags, bytes_to_feed, need_eof, chars_to_skip
+        return position, dec_flags, bytes_to_feed, bool(need_eof), chars_to_skip
 
     def tell(self):
         if not self._seekable:
@@ -2383,7 +2383,7 @@ class TextIOWrapper(TextIOBase):
             # (a point where the decoder has nothing buffered, so seek()
             # can safely start from there and advance to this location).
             bytes_fed = 0
-            need_eof = 0
+            need_eof = False
             # Chars decoded since `start_pos`
             chars_decoded = 0
             for i in range(skip_bytes, len(next_input)):
@@ -2400,7 +2400,7 @@ class TextIOWrapper(TextIOBase):
             else:
                 # We didn't get enough decoded data; signal EOF to get more.
                 chars_decoded += len(decoder.decode(b'', final=True))
-                need_eof = 1
+                need_eof = True
                 if chars_decoded < chars_to_skip:
                     raise OSError("can't reconstruct logical file position")
 

Lib/codeop.py

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ class Compile:
         self.flags = PyCF_DONT_IMPLY_DEDENT
 
     def __call__(self, source, filename, symbol):
-        codeob = compile(source, filename, symbol, self.flags, 1)
+        codeob = compile(source, filename, symbol, self.flags, True)
         for feature in _features:
             if codeob.co_flags & feature.compiler_flag:
                 self.flags |= feature.compiler_flag

Lib/doctest.py

@@ -1326,7 +1326,7 @@ class DocTestRunner:
             try:
                 # Don't blink!  This is where the user's code gets run.
                 exec(compile(example.source, filename, "single",
-                             compileflags, 1), test.globs)
+                             compileflags, True), test.globs)
                 self.debugger.set_continue() # ==== Example Finished ====
                 exception = None
             except KeyboardInterrupt:

Lib/quopri.py

@@ -204,11 +204,11 @@ def main():
         print("-t: quote tabs")
         print("-d: decode; default encode")
         sys.exit(2)
-    deco = 0
+    deco = False
-    tabs = 0
+    tabs = False
     for o, a in opts:
-        if o == '-t': tabs = 1
+        if o == '-t': tabs = True
-        if o == '-d': deco = 1
+        if o == '-d': deco = True
     if tabs and deco:
         sys.stdout = sys.stderr
         print("-t and -d are mutually exclusive")

Lib/test/datetimetester.py

@@ -6160,7 +6160,7 @@ class CapiTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_date_from_date(self):
         exp_date = date(1993, 8, 26)
 
-        for macro in [0, 1]:
+        for macro in False, True:
             with self.subTest(macro=macro):
                 c_api_date = _testcapi.get_date_fromdate(
                     macro,
@@ -6173,7 +6173,7 @@ class CapiTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_datetime_from_dateandtime(self):
         exp_date = datetime(1993, 8, 26, 22, 12, 55, 99999)
 
-        for macro in [0, 1]:
+        for macro in False, True:
             with self.subTest(macro=macro):
                 c_api_date = _testcapi.get_datetime_fromdateandtime(
                     macro,
@@ -6191,7 +6191,7 @@ class CapiTest(unittest.TestCase):
         exp_date = datetime(1993, 8, 26, 22, 12, 55, 99999)
 
         for fold in [0, 1]:
-            for macro in [0, 1]:
+            for macro in False, True:
                 with self.subTest(macro=macro, fold=fold):
                     c_api_date = _testcapi.get_datetime_fromdateandtimeandfold(
                         macro,
@@ -6210,7 +6210,7 @@ class CapiTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_time_from_time(self):
         exp_time = time(22, 12, 55, 99999)
 
-        for macro in [0, 1]:
+        for macro in False, True:
             with self.subTest(macro=macro):
                 c_api_time = _testcapi.get_time_fromtime(
                     macro,
@@ -6225,7 +6225,7 @@ class CapiTest(unittest.TestCase):
         exp_time = time(22, 12, 55, 99999)
 
         for fold in [0, 1]:
-            for macro in [0, 1]:
+            for macro in False, True:
                 with self.subTest(macro=macro, fold=fold):
                     c_api_time = _testcapi.get_time_fromtimeandfold(
                         macro,
@@ -6241,7 +6241,7 @@ class CapiTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_delta_from_dsu(self):
         exp_delta = timedelta(26, 55, 99999)
 
-        for macro in [0, 1]:
+        for macro in False, True:
             with self.subTest(macro=macro):
                 c_api_delta = _testcapi.get_delta_fromdsu(
                     macro,
@@ -6254,7 +6254,7 @@ class CapiTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_date_from_timestamp(self):
         ts = datetime(1995, 4, 12).timestamp()
 
-        for macro in [0, 1]:
+        for macro in False, True:
             with self.subTest(macro=macro):
                 d = _testcapi.get_date_fromtimestamp(int(ts), macro)
 
@@ -6272,7 +6272,7 @@ class CapiTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         from_timestamp = _testcapi.get_datetime_fromtimestamp
         for case in cases:
-            for macro in [0, 1]:
+            for macro in False, True:
                 with self.subTest(case=case, macro=macro):
                     dtup, tzinfo, usetz = case
                     dt_orig = datetime(*dtup, tzinfo=tzinfo)

Lib/test/lock_tests.py

@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ class BaseLockTests(BaseTestCase):
     def test_timeout(self):
         lock = self.locktype()
         # Can't set timeout if not blocking
-        self.assertRaises(ValueError, lock.acquire, 0, 1)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, lock.acquire, False, 1)
         # Invalid timeout values
         self.assertRaises(ValueError, lock.acquire, timeout=-100)
         self.assertRaises(OverflowError, lock.acquire, timeout=1e100)

Lib/test/test_builtin.py

@@ -320,8 +320,8 @@ class BuiltinTest(unittest.TestCase):
         bom = b'\xef\xbb\xbf'
         compile(bom + b'print(1)\n', '', 'exec')
         compile(source='pass', filename='?', mode='exec')
-        compile(dont_inherit=0, filename='tmp', source='0', mode='eval')
+        compile(dont_inherit=False, filename='tmp', source='0', mode='eval')
-        compile('pass', '?', dont_inherit=1, mode='exec')
+        compile('pass', '?', dont_inherit=True, mode='exec')
         compile(memoryview(b"text"), "name", "exec")
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, compile)
         self.assertRaises(ValueError, compile, 'print(42)\n', '<string>', 'badmode')
@@ -1853,7 +1853,7 @@ class TestSorted(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(data, sorted(copy, key=lambda x: -x))
         self.assertNotEqual(data, copy)
         random.shuffle(copy)
-        self.assertEqual(data, sorted(copy, reverse=1))
+        self.assertEqual(data, sorted(copy, reverse=True))
         self.assertNotEqual(data, copy)
 
     def test_bad_arguments(self):

Lib/test/test_ioctl.py

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class IoctlTests(unittest.TestCase):
         else:
             buf.append(fill)
         with open("/dev/tty", "rb") as tty:
-            r = fcntl.ioctl(tty, termios.TIOCGPGRP, buf, 1)
+            r = fcntl.ioctl(tty, termios.TIOCGPGRP, buf, True)
         rpgrp = buf[0]
         self.assertEqual(r, 0)
         self.assertIn(rpgrp, ids)

Lib/test/test_ordered_dict.py

@@ -407,9 +407,9 @@ class OrderedDictTests:
         self.assertEqual(list(od), list('abcde'))
         od.move_to_end('c')
         self.assertEqual(list(od), list('abdec'))
-        od.move_to_end('c', 0)
+        od.move_to_end('c', False)
         self.assertEqual(list(od), list('cabde'))
-        od.move_to_end('c', 0)
+        od.move_to_end('c', False)
         self.assertEqual(list(od), list('cabde'))
         od.move_to_end('e')
         self.assertEqual(list(od), list('cabde'))
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ class OrderedDictTests:
         with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
             od.move_to_end('x')
         with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
-            od.move_to_end('x', 0)
+            od.move_to_end('x', False)
 
     def test_move_to_end_issue25406(self):
         OrderedDict = self.OrderedDict

Lib/test/test_unicode.py

@@ -2820,15 +2820,15 @@ class CAPITest(unittest.TestCase):
         for s in ['abc', '\xa1\xa2', '\u4f60\u597d', 'a\U0001f600',
                   'a\ud800b\udfffc', '\ud834\udd1e']:
             l = len(s)
-            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, l, 1), s+'\0')
+            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, l, True), s+'\0')
-            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, l, 0), s+'\uffff')
+            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, l, False), s+'\uffff')
-            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, l+1, 1), s+'\0\uffff')
+            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, l+1, True), s+'\0\uffff')
-            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, l+1, 0), s+'\0\uffff')
+            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, l+1, False), s+'\0\uffff')
-            self.assertRaises(SystemError, unicode_asucs4, s, l-1, 1)
+            self.assertRaises(SystemError, unicode_asucs4, s, l-1, True)
-            self.assertRaises(SystemError, unicode_asucs4, s, l-2, 0)
+            self.assertRaises(SystemError, unicode_asucs4, s, l-2, False)
             s = '\0'.join([s, s])
-            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, len(s), 1), s+'\0')
+            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, len(s), True), s+'\0')
-            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, len(s), 0), s+'\uffff')
+            self.assertEqual(unicode_asucs4(s, len(s), False), s+'\uffff')
 
     # Test PyUnicode_AsUTF8()
     @support.cpython_only

Lib/threading.py

@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ class Condition:
     def _is_owned(self):
         # Return True if lock is owned by current_thread.
         # This method is called only if _lock doesn't have _is_owned().
-        if self._lock.acquire(0):
+        if self._lock.acquire(False):
             self._lock.release()
             return False
         else:

Lib/tkinter/__init__.py

@@ -2241,7 +2241,7 @@ class Tk(Misc, Wm):
     _w = '.'
 
     def __init__(self, screenName=None, baseName=None, className='Tk',
-                 useTk=1, sync=0, use=None):
+                 useTk=True, sync=False, use=None):
         """Return a new Toplevel widget on screen SCREENNAME. A new Tcl interpreter will
         be created. BASENAME will be used for the identification of the profile file (see
         readprofile).
@@ -2259,7 +2259,7 @@ class Tk(Misc, Wm):
             baseName, ext = os.path.splitext(baseName)
             if ext not in ('.py', '.pyc'):
                 baseName = baseName + ext
-        interactive = 0
+        interactive = False
         self.tk = _tkinter.create(screenName, baseName, className, interactive, wantobjects, useTk, sync, use)
         if useTk:
             self._loadtk()
@@ -2361,7 +2361,7 @@ class Tk(Misc, Wm):
 # copied into the Pack, Place or Grid class.
 
 
-def Tcl(screenName=None, baseName=None, className='Tk', useTk=0):
+def Tcl(screenName=None, baseName=None, className='Tk', useTk=False):
     return Tk(screenName, baseName, className, useTk)
 
 

Modules/_io/_iomodule.c

@@ -383,8 +383,10 @@ _io_open_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *file, const char *mode,
             encoding = "utf-8";
         }
 #endif
-        raw = PyObject_CallFunction(RawIO_class,
+        raw = PyObject_CallFunction(RawIO_class, "OsOO",
-                                    "OsiO", path_or_fd, rawmode, closefd, opener);
+                                    path_or_fd, rawmode,
+                                    closefd ? Py_True : Py_False,
+                                    opener);
     }
 
     if (raw == NULL)
@@ -476,10 +478,10 @@ _io_open_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *file, const char *mode,
 
     /* wraps into a TextIOWrapper */
     wrapper = PyObject_CallFunction((PyObject *)&PyTextIOWrapper_Type,
-                                    "Osssi",
+                                    "OsssO",
                                     buffer,
                                     encoding, errors, newline,
-                                    line_buffering);
+                                    line_buffering ? Py_True : Py_False);
     if (wrapper == NULL)
         goto error;
     result = wrapper;

Modules/_io/stringio.c

@@ -714,9 +714,9 @@ _io_StringIO___init___impl(stringio *self, PyObject *value,
     }
 
     if (self->readuniversal) {
-        self->decoder = PyObject_CallFunction(
+        self->decoder = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(
             (PyObject *)&PyIncrementalNewlineDecoder_Type,
-            "Oi", Py_None, (int) self->readtranslate);
+            Py_None, self->readtranslate ? Py_True : Py_False, NULL);
         if (self->decoder == NULL)
             return -1;
     }

Modules/_io/textio.c

@@ -880,9 +880,9 @@ _textiowrapper_set_decoder(textio *self, PyObject *codec_info,
         return -1;
 
     if (self->readuniversal) {
-        PyObject *incrementalDecoder = PyObject_CallFunction(
+        PyObject *incrementalDecoder = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(
             (PyObject *)&PyIncrementalNewlineDecoder_Type,
-            "Oi", self->decoder, (int)self->readtranslate);
+            self->decoder, self->readtranslate ? Py_True : Py_False, NULL);
         if (incrementalDecoder == NULL)
             return -1;
         Py_CLEAR(self->decoder);
@@ -2591,8 +2591,8 @@ _io_TextIOWrapper_seek_impl(textio *self, PyObject *cookieObj, int whence)
         }
         Py_XSETREF(self->snapshot, snapshot);
 
-        decoded = _PyObject_CallMethodId(self->decoder, &PyId_decode,
+        decoded = _PyObject_CallMethodIdObjArgs(self->decoder, &PyId_decode,
-            "Oi", input_chunk, (int)cookie.need_eof);
+            input_chunk, cookie.need_eof ? Py_True : Py_False, NULL);
 
         if (check_decoded(decoded) < 0)
             goto fail;
@@ -2819,7 +2819,7 @@ _io_TextIOWrapper_tell_impl(textio *self)
     if (input == input_end) {
         /* We didn't get enough decoded data; signal EOF to get more. */
         PyObject *decoded = _PyObject_CallMethodId(
-            self->decoder, &PyId_decode, "yi", "", /* final = */ 1);
+            self->decoder, &PyId_decode, "yO", "", /* final = */ Py_True);
         if (check_decoded(decoded) < 0)
             goto fail;
         chars_decoded += PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(decoded);

Modules/itertoolsmodule.c

@@ -1059,10 +1059,10 @@ cycle_reduce(cycleobject *lz, PyObject *Py_UNUSED(ignored))
             }
             Py_DECREF(res);
         }
-        return Py_BuildValue("O(N)(Oi)", Py_TYPE(lz), it, lz->saved, 1);
+        return Py_BuildValue("O(N)(OO)", Py_TYPE(lz), it, lz->saved, Py_True);
     }
-    return Py_BuildValue("O(O)(Oi)", Py_TYPE(lz), lz->it, lz->saved,
+    return Py_BuildValue("O(O)(OO)", Py_TYPE(lz), lz->it, lz->saved,
-                         lz->firstpass);
+                         lz->firstpass ? Py_True : Py_False);
 }
 
 static PyObject *

Modules/main.c

@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ pymain_run_module(const wchar_t *modname, int set_argv0)
         Py_DECREF(runmodule);
         return pymain_exit_err_print();
     }
-    runargs = Py_BuildValue("(Oi)", module, set_argv0);
+    runargs = PyTuple_Pack(2, module, set_argv0 ? Py_True : Py_False);
     if (runargs == NULL) {
         fprintf(stderr,
             "Could not create arguments for runpy._run_module_as_main\n");

Modules/parsermodule.c

@@ -1080,25 +1080,20 @@ parser__pickler(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
     NOTE(ARGUNUSED(self))
     PyObject *result = NULL;
     PyObject *st = NULL;
-    PyObject *empty_dict = NULL;
 
     if (PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!:_pickler", &PyST_Type, &st)) {
         PyObject *newargs;
         PyObject *tuple;
 
-        if ((empty_dict = PyDict_New()) == NULL)
+        if ((newargs = PyTuple_Pack(2, st, Py_True)) == NULL)
-            goto finally;
+            return NULL;
-        if ((newargs = Py_BuildValue("Oi", st, 1)) == NULL)
+        tuple = parser_st2tuple((PyST_Object*)NULL, newargs, NULL);
-            goto finally;
-        tuple = parser_st2tuple((PyST_Object*)NULL, newargs, empty_dict);
         if (tuple != NULL) {
             result = Py_BuildValue("O(O)", pickle_constructor, tuple);
             Py_DECREF(tuple);
         }
         Py_DECREF(newargs);
     }
-  finally:
-    Py_XDECREF(empty_dict);
 
     return (result);
 }

Objects/fileobject.c

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ PyFile_FromFd(int fd, const char *name, const char *mode, int buffering, const c
     io = PyImport_ImportModule("_io");
     if (io == NULL)
         return NULL;
-    stream = _PyObject_CallMethodId(io, &PyId_open, "isisssi", fd, mode,
+    stream = _PyObject_CallMethodId(io, &PyId_open, "isisssO", fd, mode,
                                  buffering, encoding, errors,
-                                 newline, closefd);
+                                 newline, closefd ? Py_True : Py_False);
     Py_DECREF(io);
     if (stream == NULL)
         return NULL;

Python/bltinmodule.c

@@ -1820,8 +1820,9 @@ static PyObject *
 builtin_print(PyObject *self, PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs, PyObject *kwnames)
 {
     static const char * const _keywords[] = {"sep", "end", "file", "flush", 0};
-    static struct _PyArg_Parser _parser = {"|OOOO:print", _keywords, 0};
+    static struct _PyArg_Parser _parser = {"|OOOp:print", _keywords, 0};
-    PyObject *sep = NULL, *end = NULL, *file = NULL, *flush = NULL;
+    PyObject *sep = NULL, *end = NULL, *file = NULL;
+    int flush = 0;
     int i, err;
 
     if (kwnames != NULL &&
@@ -1883,18 +1884,11 @@ builtin_print(PyObject *self, PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs, PyObject
     if (err)
         return NULL;
 
-    if (flush != NULL) {
+    if (flush) {
-        PyObject *tmp;
+        PyObject *tmp = _PyObject_CallMethodIdNoArgs(file, &PyId_flush);
-        int do_flush = PyObject_IsTrue(flush);
+        if (tmp == NULL)
-        if (do_flush == -1)
             return NULL;
-        else if (do_flush) {
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
-            tmp = _PyObject_CallMethodIdNoArgs(file, &PyId_flush);
-            if (tmp == NULL)
-                return NULL;
-            else
-                Py_DECREF(tmp);
-        }
     }
 
     Py_RETURN_NONE;

Python/pylifecycle.c

@@ -1735,10 +1735,10 @@ create_stdio(const PyConfig *config, PyObject* io,
         mode = "wb";
     else
         mode = "rb";
-    buf = _PyObject_CallMethodId(io, &PyId_open, "isiOOOi",
+    buf = _PyObject_CallMethodId(io, &PyId_open, "isiOOOO",
                                  fd, mode, buffering,
                                  Py_None, Py_None, /* encoding, errors */
-                                 Py_None, 0); /* newline, closefd */
+                                 Py_None, Py_False); /* newline, closefd */
     if (buf == NULL)
         goto error;