Docs: improve equivalence expression for chained comparison
Add grouping parenthesis around the equivalence expression to make it clear that it is evaluated as a single expression. `x < y < z` parses as a single expression, so while it is equivalent to x < y and y < z in isolation, it is different when used in an expression with `not`. `not` has a higher precedence than `and`. We don't see this with `or` as it has a lower precedence than `and`. (See the next section on Boolean Expressions) + `not x < y < z` == `not (x < y < z)` + `not x < y and y < z` != `not (x < y and y < z)` ``` >>> import ast >>> ast.dump(ast.parse('not x<y<z')) == ast.dump(ast.parse('not(x < y <z)')) True >>> ast.dump(ast.parse('not x < y and y < z')) == ast.dump(ast.parse('(not x < y) and y < z')) True >>> ast.dump(ast.parse('not x < y and y < z')) == ast.dump(ast.parse('not (x < y and y < z)')) False ```
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@ -1359,12 +1359,12 @@ Comparisons yield boolean values: ``True`` or ``False``.
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.. index:: pair: chaining; comparisons
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.. index:: pair: chaining; comparisons
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Comparisons can be chained arbitrarily, e.g., ``x < y <= z`` is equivalent to
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Comparisons can be chained arbitrarily, e.g., ``x < y <= z`` is equivalent to
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``x < y and y <= z``, except that ``y`` is evaluated only once (but in both
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``( x < y and y <= z )``, except that ``y`` is evaluated only once (but in both
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cases ``z`` is not evaluated at all when ``x < y`` is found to be false).
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cases ``z`` is not evaluated at all when ``x < y`` is found to be false).
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Formally, if *a*, *b*, *c*, ..., *y*, *z* are expressions and *op1*, *op2*, ...,
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Formally, if *a*, *b*, *c*, ..., *y*, *z* are expressions and *op1*, *op2*, ...,
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*opN* are comparison operators, then ``a op1 b op2 c ... y opN z`` is equivalent
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*opN* are comparison operators, then ``a op1 b op2 c ... y opN z`` is equivalent
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to ``a op1 b and b op2 c and ... y opN z``, except that each expression is
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to a single expression ``( a op1 b and b op2 c and ... y opN z )``, except that each expression is
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evaluated at most once.
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evaluated at most once.
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Note that ``a op1 b op2 c`` doesn't imply any kind of comparison between *a* and
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Note that ``a op1 b op2 c`` doesn't imply any kind of comparison between *a* and
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