A directory with a working example of how to build an extension.
This commit is contained in:
Guido van Rossum
parent
5c1d1ee8a8
commit
026f01a297
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#include "Python.h"
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static PyObject *
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ex_foo(self, args)
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PyObject *self, *args;
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{
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printf("Hello, world\n");
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Py_INCREF(Py_None);
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return Py_None;
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}
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static PyMethodDef example_methods[] = {
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{"foo", ex_foo, 1, "foo() doc string"},
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{NULL, NULL}
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};
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void
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initexample()
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{
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Py_InitModule("example", example_methods);
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}
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EXPORTS
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initexample
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@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
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# Microsoft Developer Studio Generated NMAKE File, Format Version 4.00
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# ** DO NOT EDIT **
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# TARGTYPE "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library" 0x0102
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!IF "$(CFG)" == ""
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CFG=example - Win32 Debug
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!MESSAGE No configuration specified. Defaulting to example - Win32 Debug.
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!ENDIF
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!IF "$(CFG)" != "example - Win32 Release" && "$(CFG)" !=\
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"example - Win32 Debug"
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!MESSAGE Invalid configuration "$(CFG)" specified.
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!MESSAGE You can specify a configuration when running NMAKE on this makefile
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!MESSAGE by defining the macro CFG on the command line. For example:
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!MESSAGE
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!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "example.mak" CFG="example - Win32 Debug"
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!MESSAGE
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!MESSAGE Possible choices for configuration are:
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!MESSAGE
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!MESSAGE "example - Win32 Release" (based on\
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"Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
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!MESSAGE "example - Win32 Debug" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
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!MESSAGE
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!ERROR An invalid configuration is specified.
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!ENDIF
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!IF "$(OS)" == "Windows_NT"
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NULL=
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!ELSE
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NULL=nul
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!ENDIF
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################################################################################
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# Begin Project
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# PROP Target_Last_Scanned "example - Win32 Debug"
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CPP=cl.exe
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RSC=rc.exe
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MTL=mktyplib.exe
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!IF "$(CFG)" == "example - Win32 Release"
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# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
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# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 0
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# PROP BASE Output_Dir "Release"
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# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "Release"
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# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
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# PROP Use_MFC 0
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# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 0
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# PROP Output_Dir "Release"
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# PROP Intermediate_Dir "Release"
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# PROP Target_Dir ""
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OUTDIR=.\Release
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INTDIR=.\Release
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ALL : "$(OUTDIR)\example.dll"
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CLEAN :
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-@erase ".\Release\example.dll"
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-@erase ".\Release\example.obj"
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-@erase ".\Release\example.lib"
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-@erase ".\Release\example.exp"
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"$(OUTDIR)" :
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if not exist "$(OUTDIR)/$(NULL)" mkdir "$(OUTDIR)"
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# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MT /W3 /GX /O2 /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /c
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# ADD CPP /nologo /MT /W3 /GX /O2 /I "../Include" /I "../PC" /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /c
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CPP_PROJ=/nologo /MT /W3 /GX /O2 /I "../Include" /I "../PC" /D "WIN32" /D\
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"NDEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /Fp"$(INTDIR)/example.pch" /YX /Fo"$(INTDIR)/" /c
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CPP_OBJS=.\Release/
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CPP_SBRS=
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# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "NDEBUG" /win32
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# ADD MTL /nologo /D "NDEBUG" /win32
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MTL_PROJ=/nologo /D "NDEBUG" /win32
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# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "NDEBUG"
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# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "NDEBUG"
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BSC32=bscmake.exe
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# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
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# ADD BSC32 /nologo
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BSC32_FLAGS=/nologo /o"$(OUTDIR)/example.bsc"
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BSC32_SBRS=
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LINK32=link.exe
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# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /machine:I386
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# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /machine:I386
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LINK32_FLAGS=kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib\
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advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib\
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odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /incremental:no\
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/pdb:"$(OUTDIR)/example.pdb" /machine:I386 /def:".\example.def"\
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/out:"$(OUTDIR)/example.dll" /implib:"$(OUTDIR)/example.lib"
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DEF_FILE= \
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".\example.def"
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LINK32_OBJS= \
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"$(INTDIR)/example.obj" \
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"..\vc40\python14.lib"
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"$(OUTDIR)\example.dll" : "$(OUTDIR)" $(DEF_FILE) $(LINK32_OBJS)
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$(LINK32) @<<
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$(LINK32_FLAGS) $(LINK32_OBJS)
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<<
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!ELSEIF "$(CFG)" == "example - Win32 Debug"
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# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
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# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 1
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# PROP BASE Output_Dir "Debug"
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# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "Debug"
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# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
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# PROP Use_MFC 0
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# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
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# PROP Output_Dir "Debug"
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# PROP Intermediate_Dir "Debug"
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# PROP Target_Dir ""
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OUTDIR=.\Debug
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INTDIR=.\Debug
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ALL : "$(OUTDIR)\example.dll"
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CLEAN :
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-@erase ".\Debug\example.dll"
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-@erase ".\Debug\example.obj"
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-@erase ".\Debug\example.ilk"
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-@erase ".\Debug\example.lib"
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-@erase ".\Debug\example.exp"
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-@erase ".\Debug\example.pdb"
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-@erase ".\Debug\vc40.pdb"
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-@erase ".\Debug\vc40.idb"
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"$(OUTDIR)" :
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if not exist "$(OUTDIR)/$(NULL)" mkdir "$(OUTDIR)"
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# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /Zi /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /c
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# ADD CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /Zi /Od /I "../Include" /I "../PC" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /c
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CPP_PROJ=/nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /Zi /Od /I "../Include" /I "../PC" /D "WIN32"\
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/D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /Fp"$(INTDIR)/example.pch" /YX /Fo"$(INTDIR)/"\
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/Fd"$(INTDIR)/" /c
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CPP_OBJS=.\Debug/
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CPP_SBRS=
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# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /win32
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# ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /win32
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MTL_PROJ=/nologo /D "_DEBUG" /win32
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# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
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# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
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BSC32=bscmake.exe
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# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
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# ADD BSC32 /nologo
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BSC32_FLAGS=/nologo /o"$(OUTDIR)/example.bsc"
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BSC32_SBRS=
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LINK32=link.exe
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# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /debug /machine:I386
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# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /debug /machine:I386
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LINK32_FLAGS=kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib\
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advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib\
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odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /incremental:yes\
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/pdb:"$(OUTDIR)/example.pdb" /debug /machine:I386 /def:".\example.def"\
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/out:"$(OUTDIR)/example.dll" /implib:"$(OUTDIR)/example.lib"
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DEF_FILE= \
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".\example.def"
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LINK32_OBJS= \
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"$(INTDIR)/example.obj" \
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"..\vc40\python14.lib"
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"$(OUTDIR)\example.dll" : "$(OUTDIR)" $(DEF_FILE) $(LINK32_OBJS)
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$(LINK32) @<<
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$(LINK32_FLAGS) $(LINK32_OBJS)
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<<
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!ENDIF
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.c{$(CPP_OBJS)}.obj:
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$(CPP) $(CPP_PROJ) $<
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.cpp{$(CPP_OBJS)}.obj:
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$(CPP) $(CPP_PROJ) $<
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.cxx{$(CPP_OBJS)}.obj:
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$(CPP) $(CPP_PROJ) $<
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.c{$(CPP_SBRS)}.sbr:
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$(CPP) $(CPP_PROJ) $<
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.cpp{$(CPP_SBRS)}.sbr:
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$(CPP) $(CPP_PROJ) $<
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.cxx{$(CPP_SBRS)}.sbr:
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$(CPP) $(CPP_PROJ) $<
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################################################################################
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# Begin Target
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# Name "example - Win32 Release"
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# Name "example - Win32 Debug"
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!IF "$(CFG)" == "example - Win32 Release"
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!ELSEIF "$(CFG)" == "example - Win32 Debug"
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!ENDIF
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################################################################################
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# Begin Source File
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SOURCE=.\example.c
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DEP_CPP_EXAMP=\
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".\../Include\Python.h"\
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"..\Include\allobjects.h"\
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".\../PC\config.h"\
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"..\Include\myproto.h"\
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"..\Include\object.h"\
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"..\Include\objimpl.h"\
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"..\Include\pydebug.h"\
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"..\Include\accessobject.h"\
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"..\Include\intobject.h"\
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"..\Include\longobject.h"\
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"..\Include\floatobject.h"\
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"..\Include\complexobject.h"\
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"..\Include\rangeobject.h"\
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"..\Include\stringobject.h"\
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"..\Include\tupleobject.h"\
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"..\Include\listobject.h"\
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"..\Include\mappingobject.h"\
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"..\Include\methodobject.h"\
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"..\Include\moduleobject.h"\
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"..\Include\funcobject.h"\
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"..\Include\classobject.h"\
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"..\Include\fileobject.h"\
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"..\Include\cobject.h"\
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"..\Include\traceback.h"\
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"..\Include\sliceobject.h"\
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"..\Include\pyerrors.h"\
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"..\Include\mymalloc.h"\
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"..\Include\modsupport.h"\
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"..\Include\ceval.h"\
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"..\Include\pythonrun.h"\
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"..\Include\sysmodule.h"\
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"..\Include\intrcheck.h"\
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"..\Include\import.h"\
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"..\Include\bltinmodule.h"\
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"..\Include\abstract.h"\
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"..\Include\rename2.h"\
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"..\Include\thread.h"\
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"$(INTDIR)\example.obj" : $(SOURCE) $(DEP_CPP_EXAMP) "$(INTDIR)"
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# End Source File
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################################################################################
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# Begin Source File
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SOURCE=.\example.def
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!IF "$(CFG)" == "example - Win32 Release"
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!ELSEIF "$(CFG)" == "example - Win32 Debug"
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!ENDIF
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# End Source File
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################################################################################
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# Begin Source File
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SOURCE=..\vc40\python14.lib
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!IF "$(CFG)" == "example - Win32 Release"
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!ELSEIF "$(CFG)" == "example - Win32 Debug"
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!ENDIF
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# End Source File
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################################################################################
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# Begin Source File
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SOURCE=.\readme.txt
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!IF "$(CFG)" == "example - Win32 Release"
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!ELSEIF "$(CFG)" == "example - Win32 Debug"
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!ENDIF
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# End Source File
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# End Target
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# End Project
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################################################################################
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@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
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Example Python extension for Windows NT
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=======================================
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This directory contains everything you need to build a Python
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extension module using Microsoft VC++ 4.x ("Developer Studio"), except
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for the Python distribution. It has only been tested with version
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4.0, but should work with higher versions.
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The "example" subdirectory should be an immediate subdirectory of the
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Python source directory -- a direct sibling of Include and PC, in
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particular, which are referenced as "..\Include" and "..\PC".
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In other words, it should *not* be used "as is". Copy or move it up
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one level or you will regret it! (This is done to keep all the PC
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specific files inside the PC subdirectory of the distribution, where
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they belong.)
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It is also assumed that the build results of Python are in the
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directory ..\vc40. In particular, the python14.lib file is referred
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to as "..\vc40\python14.lib".
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In order to use the example project from Developer Studio, use the
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"File->Open Workspace..." dialog (*not* the "File->Open..." dialog!).
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Change the pattern to "*.mak" and select the file "example.mak". Now
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choose "File->Save All" and the othe project files will be created.
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In order to check that everything is set up right, try building:
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choose "Build->Build example.dll". This creates all intermediate and
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result files in a subdirectory which is called either Debug or Release
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depending on which configuration you have chosen (as distributed,
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Debug is selected as the default configuration).
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Once the build has succeeded, test the resulting DLL. In a DOS
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command window, chdir to that directory. You should now be able to
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repeat the following session "(C>" is the DOS prompt, ">>>" is the
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Python prompt):
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C> ..\..\vc40\python.exe
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>>> import example
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>>> example.foo()
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Hello, world
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>>>
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Creating the project
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--------------------
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There are two ways to use this example to create a project for your
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own module. First, choose a name ("spam" is always a winner :-) and
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create a directory for it. Copy your C sources into it. Note that
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the module source file name does not necessarily have to match the
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module name, but the "init" function name should match the module name
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-- i.e. you can only import a module "spam" if its init function is
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called "initspam()", and it should call Py_InitModule with the string
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"spam" as its first argument. By convention, it lives in a file
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called "spam.c" or "spammodule.c". The output file should be called
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"spam.dll" or "spam.pyd" (the latter is supported to avoid confusion
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with a system library "spam.dll" to which your module could be a
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Python interface).
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Now your options are:
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1) Clone example.mak. Start by copying example\example.mak to
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spam\spam.mak. Do a global edit on spam.mak, replacing all
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occurrences of the string "example" by "spam", and all occurrences of
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"DEP_CPP_EXAMP" by something like "DEP_CPP_SPAM". You can now use
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this makefile to create a project file by opening it as a workspace
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(you have to change the pattern to *.mak first).
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2) Create a brand new project; instructions are below.
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In both cases, copy example\example.def to spam\spam.def, and edit
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spam\spam.def so its second line contains the string "initspam".
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If you created a new project yourself, add the file spam.def to the
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project now.
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You are now all set to build your extension, unless it requires other
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external libraries, include files, etc. See Python's Extending and
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Embedding manual for instructions on how to write an extension.
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Creating a brand new project
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----------------------------
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If you don't feel comfortable with editing Makefiles, you can create a
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brand new project from scratch easily.
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Use the "File->New..." dialog to create a new Project Workspace.
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Select Dynamic-Link Library, enter the name ("spam"), and make sure
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the "Location" is set to the spam directory you have created (which
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should be a direct subdirectory of the Python build tree). Select
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Win32 as the platform (in my version, this is the only choice). Click
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"Create".
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Now open the "Build->Settings..." dialog. (Impressive, isn't it? :-)
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You only need to change a few settings. Make sure you have both the
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Debug and the Release configuration selected when you make these
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changes. Select the "C/C++" tab. Choose the "Preprocessor" category
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in the popup menu at the top. Type the following text in the entry
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box labeled "Addditional include directories:"
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..\Include,..\PC
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You should now first create the file spam.def as instructed in the
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previous section.
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Now chose the "Insert->Files into Project..." dialog. Set the pattern
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to *.* and select both spam.c and spam.def and click OK. (Inserting
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them one by one is fine too.) Using the same dialog, choose the file
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..\vc40\python14.lib and insert it into the project.
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Reference in New Issue