cpython/Mac/Tools/bundlebuilder.py

#! /usr/bin/env python

"""\
bundlebuilder.py -- Tools to assemble MacOS X (application) bundles.

This module contains two classes to build so called "bundles" for
MacOS X. BundleBuilder is a general tool, AppBuilder is a subclass
specialized in building application bundles.

[Bundle|App]Builder objects are instantiated with a bunch of keyword
arguments, and have a build() method that will do all the work. See
the class doc strings for a description of the constructor arguments.

The module contains a main program that can be used in two ways:

  % python bundlebuilder.py [options] build
  % python buildapp.py [options] build

Where "buildapp.py" is a user-supplied setup.py-like script following
this model:

  from bundlebuilder import buildapp
  buildapp(<lots-of-keyword-args>)

"""


__all__ = ["BundleBuilder", "BundleBuilderError", "AppBuilder", "buildapp"]


import sys
import os, errno, shutil
import imp, marshal
import re
from copy import deepcopy
import getopt
from plistlib import Plist
from types import FunctionType as function

class BundleBuilderError(Exception): pass


class Defaults:

    """Class attributes that don't start with an underscore and are
    not functions or classmethods are (deep)copied to self.__dict__.
    This allows for mutable default values.
    """

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        defaults = self._getDefaults()
        defaults.update(kwargs)
        self.__dict__.update(defaults)

    def _getDefaults(cls):
        defaults = {}
        for base in cls.__bases__:
            if hasattr(base, "_getDefaults"):
                defaults.update(base._getDefaults())
        for name, value in list(cls.__dict__.items()):
            if name[0] != "_" and not isinstance(value,
                    (function, classmethod)):
                defaults[name] = deepcopy(value)
        return defaults
    _getDefaults = classmethod(_getDefaults)


class BundleBuilder(Defaults):

    """BundleBuilder is a barebones class for assembling bundles. It
    knows nothing about executables or icons, it only copies files
    and creates the PkgInfo and Info.plist files.
    """

    # (Note that Defaults.__init__ (deep)copies these values to
    # instance variables. Mutable defaults are therefore safe.)

    # Name of the bundle, with or without extension.
    name = None

    # The property list ("plist")
    plist = Plist(CFBundleDevelopmentRegion = "English",
                  CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion = "6.0")

    # The type of the bundle.
    type = "BNDL"
    # The creator code of the bundle.
    creator = None

    # the CFBundleIdentifier (this is used for the preferences file name)
    bundle_id = None

    # List of files that have to be copied to <bundle>/Contents/Resources.
    resources = []

    # List of (src, dest) tuples; dest should be a path relative to the bundle
    # (eg. "Contents/Resources/MyStuff/SomeFile.ext).
    files = []

    # List of shared libraries (dylibs, Frameworks) to bundle with the app
    # will be placed in Contents/Frameworks
    libs = []

    # Directory where the bundle will be assembled.
    builddir = "build"

    # Make symlinks instead copying files. This is handy during debugging, but
    # makes the bundle non-distributable.
    symlink = 0

    # Verbosity level.
    verbosity = 1

    # Destination root directory
    destroot = ""

    def setup(self):
        # XXX rethink self.name munging, this is brittle.
        self.name, ext = os.path.splitext(self.name)
        if not ext:
            ext = ".bundle"
        bundleextension = ext
        # misc (derived) attributes
        self.bundlepath = pathjoin(self.builddir, self.name + bundleextension)

        plist = self.plist
        plist.CFBundleName = self.name
        plist.CFBundlePackageType = self.type
        if self.creator is None:
            if hasattr(plist, "CFBundleSignature"):
                self.creator = plist.CFBundleSignature
            else:
                self.creator = "????"
        plist.CFBundleSignature = self.creator
        if self.bundle_id:
            plist.CFBundleIdentifier = self.bundle_id
        elif not hasattr(plist, "CFBundleIdentifier"):
            plist.CFBundleIdentifier = self.name

    def build(self):
        """Build the bundle."""
        builddir = self.builddir
        if builddir and not os.path.exists(builddir):
            os.mkdir(builddir)
        self.message("Building %s" % repr(self.bundlepath), 1)
        if os.path.exists(self.bundlepath):
            shutil.rmtree(self.bundlepath)
        if os.path.exists(self.bundlepath + '~'):
            shutil.rmtree(self.bundlepath + '~')
        bp = self.bundlepath

        # Create the app bundle in a temporary location and then
        # rename the completed bundle. This way the Finder will
        # never see an incomplete bundle (where it might pick up
        # and cache the wrong meta data)
        self.bundlepath = bp + '~'
        try:
            os.mkdir(self.bundlepath)
            self.preProcess()
            self._copyFiles()
            self._addMetaFiles()
            self.postProcess()
            os.rename(self.bundlepath, bp)
        finally:
            self.bundlepath = bp
        self.message("Done.", 1)

    def preProcess(self):
        """Hook for subclasses."""
        pass
    def postProcess(self):
        """Hook for subclasses."""
        pass

    def _addMetaFiles(self):
        contents = pathjoin(self.bundlepath, "Contents")
        makedirs(contents)
        #
        # Write Contents/PkgInfo
        assert len(self.type) == len(self.creator) == 4, \
                "type and creator must be 4-byte strings."
        pkginfo = pathjoin(contents, "PkgInfo")
        f = open(pkginfo, "wb")
        f.write((self.type + self.creator).encode('latin1'))
        f.close()
        #
        # Write Contents/Info.plist
        infoplist = pathjoin(contents, "Info.plist")
        self.plist.write(infoplist)

    def _copyFiles(self):
        files = self.files[:]
        for path in self.resources:
            files.append((path, pathjoin("Contents", "Resources",
                os.path.basename(path))))
        for path in self.libs:
            files.append((path, pathjoin("Contents", "Frameworks",
                os.path.basename(path))))
        if self.symlink:
            self.message("Making symbolic links", 1)
            msg = "Making symlink from"
        else:
            self.message("Copying files", 1)
            msg = "Copying"
        files.sort()
        for src, dst in files:
            if os.path.isdir(src):
                self.message("%s %s/ to %s/" % (msg, src, dst), 2)
            else:
                self.message("%s %s to %s" % (msg, src, dst), 2)
            dst = pathjoin(self.bundlepath, dst)
            if self.symlink:
                symlink(src, dst, mkdirs=1)
            else:
                copy(src, dst, mkdirs=1)

    def message(self, msg, level=0):
        if level <= self.verbosity:
            indent = ""
            if level > 1:
                indent = (level - 1) * "  "
            sys.stderr.write(indent + msg + "\n")

    def report(self):
        # XXX something decent
        pass


if __debug__:
    PYC_EXT = ".pyc"
else:
    PYC_EXT = ".pyo"

MAGIC = imp.get_magic()
USE_ZIPIMPORT = "zipimport" in sys.builtin_module_names

# For standalone apps, we have our own minimal site.py. We don't need
# all the cruft of the real site.py.
SITE_PY = """\
import sys
if not %(semi_standalone)s:
    del sys.path[1:]  # sys.path[0] is Contents/Resources/
"""

if USE_ZIPIMPORT:
    ZIP_ARCHIVE = "Modules.zip"
    SITE_PY += "sys.path.append(sys.path[0] + '/%s')\n" % ZIP_ARCHIVE
    def getPycData(fullname, code, ispkg):
        if ispkg:
            fullname += ".__init__"
        path = fullname.replace(".", os.sep) + PYC_EXT
        return path, MAGIC + '\0\0\0\0' + marshal.dumps(code)

#
# Extension modules can't be in the modules zip archive, so a placeholder
# is added instead, that loads the extension from a specified location.
#
EXT_LOADER = """\
def __load():
    import imp, sys, os
    for p in sys.path:
        path = os.path.join(p, "%(filename)s")
        if os.path.exists(path):
            break
    else:
        assert 0, "file not found: %(filename)s"
    mod = imp.load_dynamic("%(name)s", path)

__load()
del __load
"""

MAYMISS_MODULES = ['mac', 'os2', 'nt', 'ntpath', 'dos', 'dospath',
    'win32api', 'ce', '_winreg', 'nturl2path', 'sitecustomize',
    'org.python.core', 'riscos', 'riscosenviron', 'riscospath'
]

STRIP_EXEC = "/usr/bin/strip"

#
# We're using a stock interpreter to run the app, yet we need
# a way to pass the Python main program to the interpreter. The
# bootstrapping script fires up the interpreter with the right
# arguments. os.execve() is used as OSX doesn't like us to
# start a real new process. Also, the executable name must match
# the CFBundleExecutable value in the Info.plist, so we lie
# deliberately with argv[0]. The actual Python executable is
# passed in an environment variable so we can "repair"
# sys.executable later.
#
BOOTSTRAP_SCRIPT = """\
#!%(hashbang)s

import sys, os
execdir = os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])
executable = os.path.join(execdir, "%(executable)s")
resdir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(execdir), "Resources")
libdir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(execdir), "Frameworks")
mainprogram = os.path.join(resdir, "%(mainprogram)s")

sys.argv.insert(1, mainprogram)
if %(standalone)s or %(semi_standalone)s:
    os.environ["PYTHONPATH"] = resdir
    if %(standalone)s:
        os.environ["PYTHONHOME"] = resdir
else:
    pypath = os.getenv("PYTHONPATH", "")
    if pypath:
        pypath = ":" + pypath
    os.environ["PYTHONPATH"] = resdir + pypath
os.environ["PYTHONEXECUTABLE"] = executable
os.environ["DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH"] = libdir
os.environ["DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH"] = libdir
os.execve(executable, sys.argv, os.environ)
"""


#
# Optional wrapper that converts "dropped files" into sys.argv values.
#
ARGV_EMULATOR = """\
import argvemulator, os

argvemulator.ArgvCollector().mainloop()
execfile(os.path.join(os.path.split(__file__)[0], "%(realmainprogram)s"))
"""

#
# When building a standalone app with Python.framework, we need to copy
# a subset from Python.framework to the bundle. The following list
# specifies exactly what items we'll copy.
#
PYTHONFRAMEWORKGOODIES = [
    "Python",  # the Python core library
    "Resources/English.lproj",
    "Resources/Info.plist",
    "Resources/version.plist",
]

def isFramework():
    return sys.exec_prefix.find("Python.framework") > 0


LIB = os.path.join(sys.prefix, "lib", "python" + sys.version[:3])
SITE_PACKAGES = os.path.join(LIB, "site-packages")


class AppBuilder(BundleBuilder):

    # Override type of the bundle.
    type = "APPL"

    # platform, name of the subfolder of Contents that contains the executable.
    platform = "MacOS"

    # A Python main program. If this argument is given, the main
    # executable in the bundle will be a small wrapper that invokes
    # the main program. (XXX Discuss why.)
    mainprogram = None

    # The main executable. If a Python main program is specified
    # the executable will be copied to Resources and be invoked
    # by the wrapper program mentioned above. Otherwise it will
    # simply be used as the main executable.
    executable = None

    # The name of the main nib, for Cocoa apps. *Must* be specified
    # when building a Cocoa app.
    nibname = None

    # The name of the icon file to be copied to Resources and used for
    # the Finder icon.
    iconfile = None

    # Symlink the executable instead of copying it.
    symlink_exec = 0

    # If True, build standalone app.
    standalone = 0

    # If True, build semi-standalone app (only includes third-party modules).
    semi_standalone = 0

    # If set, use this for #! lines in stead of sys.executable
    python = None

    # If True, add a real main program that emulates sys.argv before calling
    # mainprogram
    argv_emulation = 0

    # The following attributes are only used when building a standalone app.

    # Exclude these modules.
    excludeModules = []

    # Include these modules.
    includeModules = []

    # Include these packages.
    includePackages = []

    # Strip binaries from debug info.
    strip = 0

    # Found Python modules: [(name, codeobject, ispkg), ...]
    pymodules = []

    # Modules that modulefinder couldn't find:
    missingModules = []
    maybeMissingModules = []

    def setup(self):
        if ((self.standalone or self.semi_standalone)
            and self.mainprogram is None):
            raise BundleBuilderError("must specify 'mainprogram' when "
                    "building a standalone application.")
        if self.mainprogram is None and self.executable is None:
            raise BundleBuilderError("must specify either or both of "
                    "'executable' and 'mainprogram'")

        self.execdir = pathjoin("Contents", self.platform)

        if self.name is not None:
            pass
        elif self.mainprogram is not None:
            self.name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(self.mainprogram))[0]
        elif executable is not None:
            self.name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(self.executable))[0]
        if self.name[-4:] != ".app":
            self.name += ".app"

        if self.executable is None:
            if not self.standalone and not isFramework():
                self.symlink_exec = 1
            if self.python:
                self.executable = self.python
            else:
                self.executable = sys.executable

        if self.nibname:
            self.plist.NSMainNibFile = self.nibname
            if not hasattr(self.plist, "NSPrincipalClass"):
                self.plist.NSPrincipalClass = "NSApplication"

        if self.standalone and isFramework():
            self.addPythonFramework()

        BundleBuilder.setup(self)

        self.plist.CFBundleExecutable = self.name

        if self.standalone or self.semi_standalone:
            self.findDependencies()

    def preProcess(self):
        resdir = "Contents/Resources"
        if self.executable is not None:
            if self.mainprogram is None:
                execname = self.name
            else:
                execname = os.path.basename(self.executable)
            execpath = pathjoin(self.execdir, execname)
            if not self.symlink_exec:
                self.files.append((self.destroot + self.executable, execpath))
            self.execpath = execpath

        if self.mainprogram is not None:
            mainprogram = os.path.basename(self.mainprogram)
            self.files.append((self.mainprogram, pathjoin(resdir, mainprogram)))
            if self.argv_emulation:
                # Change the main program, and create the helper main program (which
                # does argv collection and then calls the real main).
                # Also update the included modules (if we're creating a standalone
                # program) and the plist
                realmainprogram = mainprogram
                mainprogram = '__argvemulator_' + mainprogram
                resdirpath = pathjoin(self.bundlepath, resdir)
                mainprogrampath = pathjoin(resdirpath, mainprogram)
                makedirs(resdirpath)
                open(mainprogrampath, "w").write(ARGV_EMULATOR % locals())
                if self.standalone or self.semi_standalone:
                    self.includeModules.append("argvemulator")
                    self.includeModules.append("os")
                if "CFBundleDocumentTypes" not in self.plist:
                    self.plist["CFBundleDocumentTypes"] = [
                        { "CFBundleTypeOSTypes" : [
                            "****",
                            "fold",
                            "disk"],
                          "CFBundleTypeRole": "Viewer"}]
            # Write bootstrap script
            executable = os.path.basename(self.executable)
            execdir = pathjoin(self.bundlepath, self.execdir)
            bootstrappath = pathjoin(execdir, self.name)
            makedirs(execdir)
            if self.standalone or self.semi_standalone:
                # XXX we're screwed when the end user has deleted
                # /usr/bin/python
                hashbang = "/usr/bin/python"
            elif self.python:
                hashbang = self.python
            else:
                hashbang = os.path.realpath(sys.executable)
            standalone = self.standalone
            semi_standalone = self.semi_standalone
            open(bootstrappath, "w").write(BOOTSTRAP_SCRIPT % locals())
            os.chmod(bootstrappath, 0o775)

        if self.iconfile is not None:
            iconbase = os.path.basename(self.iconfile)
            self.plist.CFBundleIconFile = iconbase
            self.files.append((self.iconfile, pathjoin(resdir, iconbase)))

    def postProcess(self):
        if self.standalone or self.semi_standalone:
            self.addPythonModules()
        if self.strip and not self.symlink:
            self.stripBinaries()

        if self.symlink_exec and self.executable:
            self.message("Symlinking executable %s to %s" % (self.executable,
                    self.execpath), 2)
            dst = pathjoin(self.bundlepath, self.execpath)
            makedirs(os.path.dirname(dst))
            os.symlink(os.path.abspath(self.executable), dst)

        if self.missingModules or self.maybeMissingModules:
            self.reportMissing()

    def addPythonFramework(self):
        # If we're building a standalone app with Python.framework,
        # include a minimal subset of Python.framework, *unless*
        # Python.framework was specified manually in self.libs.
        for lib in self.libs:
            if os.path.basename(lib) == "Python.framework":
                # a Python.framework was specified as a library
                return

        frameworkpath = sys.exec_prefix[:sys.exec_prefix.find(
            "Python.framework") + len("Python.framework")]

        version = sys.version[:3]
        frameworkpath = pathjoin(frameworkpath, "Versions", version)
        destbase = pathjoin("Contents", "Frameworks", "Python.framework",
                            "Versions", version)
        for item in PYTHONFRAMEWORKGOODIES:
            src = pathjoin(frameworkpath, item)
            dst = pathjoin(destbase, item)
            self.files.append((src, dst))

    def _getSiteCode(self):
        return compile(SITE_PY % {"semi_standalone": self.semi_standalone},
                     "<-bundlebuilder.py->", "exec")

    def addPythonModules(self):
        self.message("Adding Python modules", 1)

        if USE_ZIPIMPORT:
            # Create a zip file containing all modules as pyc.
            import zipfile
            relpath = pathjoin("Contents", "Resources", ZIP_ARCHIVE)
            abspath = pathjoin(self.bundlepath, relpath)
            zf = zipfile.ZipFile(abspath, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
            for name, code, ispkg in self.pymodules:
                self.message("Adding Python module %s" % name, 2)
                path, pyc = getPycData(name, code, ispkg)
                zf.writestr(path, pyc)
            zf.close()
            # add site.pyc
            sitepath = pathjoin(self.bundlepath, "Contents", "Resources",
                    "site" + PYC_EXT)
            writePyc(self._getSiteCode(), sitepath)
        else:
            # Create individual .pyc files.
            for name, code, ispkg in self.pymodules:
                if ispkg:
                    name += ".__init__"
                path = name.split(".")
                path = pathjoin("Contents", "Resources", *path) + PYC_EXT

                if ispkg:
                    self.message("Adding Python package %s" % path, 2)
                else:
                    self.message("Adding Python module %s" % path, 2)

                abspath = pathjoin(self.bundlepath, path)
                makedirs(os.path.dirname(abspath))
                writePyc(code, abspath)

    def stripBinaries(self):
        if not os.path.exists(STRIP_EXEC):
            self.message("Error: can't strip binaries: no strip program at "
                "%s" % STRIP_EXEC, 0)
        else:
            import stat
            self.message("Stripping binaries", 1)
            def walk(top):
                for name in os.listdir(top):
                    path = pathjoin(top, name)
                    if os.path.islink(path):
                        continue
                    if os.path.isdir(path):
                        walk(path)
                    else:
                        mod = os.stat(path)[stat.ST_MODE]
                        if not (mod & 0o100):
                            continue
                        relpath = path[len(self.bundlepath):]
                        self.message("Stripping %s" % relpath, 2)
                        inf, outf = os.popen4("%s -S \"%s\"" %
                                              (STRIP_EXEC, path))
                        output = outf.read().strip()
                        if output:
                            # usually not a real problem, like when we're
                            # trying to strip a script
                            self.message("Problem stripping %s:" % relpath, 3)
                            self.message(output, 3)
            walk(self.bundlepath)

    def findDependencies(self):
        self.message("Finding module dependencies", 1)
        import modulefinder
        mf = modulefinder.ModuleFinder(excludes=self.excludeModules)
        if USE_ZIPIMPORT:
            # zipimport imports zlib, must add it manually
            mf.import_hook("zlib")
        # manually add our own site.py
        site = mf.add_module("site")
        site.__code__ = self._getSiteCode()
        mf.scan_code(site.__code__, site)

        # warnings.py gets imported implicitly from C
        mf.import_hook("warnings")

        includeModules = self.includeModules[:]
        for name in self.includePackages:
            includeModules.extend(list(findPackageContents(name).keys()))
        for name in includeModules:
            try:
                mf.import_hook(name)
            except ImportError:
                self.missingModules.append(name)

        mf.run_script(self.mainprogram)
        modules = list(mf.modules.items())
        modules.sort()
        for name, mod in modules:
            path = mod.__file__
            if path and self.semi_standalone:
                # skip the standard library
                if path.startswith(LIB) and not path.startswith(SITE_PACKAGES):
                    continue
            if path and mod.__code__ is None:
                # C extension
                filename = os.path.basename(path)
                pathitems = name.split(".")[:-1] + [filename]
                dstpath = pathjoin(*pathitems)
                if USE_ZIPIMPORT:
                    if name != "zlib":
                        # neatly pack all extension modules in a subdirectory,
                        # except zlib, since it's neccesary for bootstrapping.
                        dstpath = pathjoin("ExtensionModules", dstpath)
                    # Python modules are stored in a Zip archive, but put
                    # extensions in Contents/Resources/. Add a tiny "loader"
                    # program in the Zip archive. Due to Thomas Heller.
                    source = EXT_LOADER % {"name": name, "filename": dstpath}
                    code = compile(source, "<dynloader for %s>" % name, "exec")
                    mod.__code__ = code
                self.files.append((path, pathjoin("Contents", "Resources", dstpath)))
            if mod.__code__ is not None:
                ispkg = mod.__path__ is not None
                if not USE_ZIPIMPORT or name != "site":
                    # Our site.py is doing the bootstrapping, so we must
                    # include a real .pyc file if USE_ZIPIMPORT is True.
                    self.pymodules.append((name, mod.__code__, ispkg))

        if hasattr(mf, "any_missing_maybe"):
            missing, maybe = mf.any_missing_maybe()
        else:
            missing = mf.any_missing()
            maybe = []
        self.missingModules.extend(missing)
        self.maybeMissingModules.extend(maybe)

    def reportMissing(self):
        missing = [name for name in self.missingModules
                if name not in MAYMISS_MODULES]
        if self.maybeMissingModules:
            maybe = self.maybeMissingModules
        else:
            maybe = [name for name in missing if "." in name]
            missing = [name for name in missing if "." not in name]
        missing.sort()
        maybe.sort()
        if maybe:
            self.message("Warning: couldn't find the following submodules:", 1)
            self.message("    (Note that these could be false alarms -- "
                         "it's not always", 1)
            self.message("    possible to distinguish between \"from package "
                         "import submodule\" ", 1)
            self.message("    and \"from package import name\")", 1)
            for name in maybe:
                self.message("  ? " + name, 1)
        if missing:
            self.message("Warning: couldn't find the following modules:", 1)
            for name in missing:
                self.message("  ? " + name, 1)

    def report(self):
        # XXX something decent
        import pprint
        pprint.pprint(self.__dict__)
        if self.standalone or self.semi_standalone:
            self.reportMissing()

#
# Utilities.
#

SUFFIXES = [_suf for _suf, _mode, _tp in imp.get_suffixes()]
identifierRE = re.compile(r"[_a-zA-z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*$")

def findPackageContents(name, searchpath=None):
    head = name.split(".")[-1]
    if identifierRE.match(head) is None:
        return {}
    try:
        fp, path, (ext, mode, tp) = imp.find_module(head, searchpath)
    except ImportError:
        return {}
    modules = {name: None}
    if tp == imp.PKG_DIRECTORY and path:
        files = os.listdir(path)
        for sub in files:
            sub, ext = os.path.splitext(sub)
            fullname = name + "." + sub
            if sub != "__init__" and fullname not in modules:
                modules.update(findPackageContents(fullname, [path]))
    return modules

def writePyc(code, path):
    f = open(path, "wb")
    f.write(MAGIC)
    f.write("\0" * 4)  # don't bother about a time stamp
    marshal.dump(code, f)
    f.close()

def copy(src, dst, mkdirs=0):
    """Copy a file or a directory."""
    if mkdirs:
        makedirs(os.path.dirname(dst))
    if os.path.isdir(src):
        shutil.copytree(src, dst, symlinks=1)
    else:
        shutil.copy2(src, dst)

def copytodir(src, dstdir):
    """Copy a file or a directory to an existing directory."""
    dst = pathjoin(dstdir, os.path.basename(src))
    copy(src, dst)

def makedirs(dir):
    """Make all directories leading up to 'dir' including the leaf
    directory. Don't moan if any path element already exists."""
    try:
        os.makedirs(dir)
    except OSError as why:
        if why.errno != errno.EEXIST:
            raise

def symlink(src, dst, mkdirs=0):
    """Copy a file or a directory."""
    if not os.path.exists(src):
        raise IOError("No such file or directory: '%s'" % src)
    if mkdirs:
        makedirs(os.path.dirname(dst))
    os.symlink(os.path.abspath(src), dst)

def pathjoin(*args):
    """Safe wrapper for os.path.join: asserts that all but the first
    argument are relative paths."""
    for seg in args[1:]:
        assert seg[0] != "/"
    return os.path.join(*args)


cmdline_doc = """\
Usage:
  python bundlebuilder.py [options] command
  python mybuildscript.py [options] command

Commands:
  build      build the application
  report     print a report

Options:
  -b, --builddir=DIR     the build directory; defaults to "build"
  -n, --name=NAME        application name
  -r, --resource=FILE    extra file or folder to be copied to Resources
  -f, --file=SRC:DST     extra file or folder to be copied into the bundle;
                         DST must be a path relative to the bundle root
  -e, --executable=FILE  the executable to be used
  -m, --mainprogram=FILE the Python main program
  -a, --argv             add a wrapper main program to create sys.argv
  -p, --plist=FILE       .plist file (default: generate one)
      --nib=NAME         main nib name
  -c, --creator=CCCC     4-char creator code (default: '????')
      --iconfile=FILE    filename of the icon (an .icns file) to be used
                         as the Finder icon
      --bundle-id=ID     the CFBundleIdentifier, in reverse-dns format
                         (eg. org.python.BuildApplet; this is used for
                         the preferences file name)
  -l, --link             symlink files/folder instead of copying them
      --link-exec        symlink the executable instead of copying it
      --standalone       build a standalone application, which is fully
                         independent of a Python installation
      --semi-standalone  build a standalone application, which depends on
                         an installed Python, yet includes all third-party
                         modules.
      --python=FILE      Python to use in #! line in stead of current Python
      --lib=FILE         shared library or framework to be copied into
                         the bundle
  -x, --exclude=MODULE   exclude module (with --(semi-)standalone)
  -i, --include=MODULE   include module (with --(semi-)standalone)
      --package=PACKAGE  include a whole package (with --(semi-)standalone)
      --strip            strip binaries (remove debug info)
  -v, --verbose          increase verbosity level
  -q, --quiet            decrease verbosity level
  -h, --help             print this message
"""

def usage(msg=None):
    if msg:
        print(msg)
    print(cmdline_doc)
    sys.exit(1)

def main(builder=None):
    if builder is None:
        builder = AppBuilder(verbosity=1)

    shortopts = "b:n:r:f:e:m:c:p:lx:i:hvqa"
    longopts = ("builddir=", "name=", "resource=", "file=", "executable=",
        "mainprogram=", "creator=", "nib=", "plist=", "link",
        "link-exec", "help", "verbose", "quiet", "argv", "standalone",
        "exclude=", "include=", "package=", "strip", "iconfile=",
        "lib=", "python=", "semi-standalone", "bundle-id=", "destroot=")

    try:
        options, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], shortopts, longopts)
    except getopt.error:
        usage()

    for opt, arg in options:
        if opt in ('-b', '--builddir'):
            builder.builddir = arg
        elif opt in ('-n', '--name'):
            builder.name = arg
        elif opt in ('-r', '--resource'):
            builder.resources.append(os.path.normpath(arg))
        elif opt in ('-f', '--file'):
            srcdst = arg.split(':')
            if len(srcdst) != 2:
                usage("-f or --file argument must be two paths, "
                      "separated by a colon")
            builder.files.append(srcdst)
        elif opt in ('-e', '--executable'):
            builder.executable = arg
        elif opt in ('-m', '--mainprogram'):
            builder.mainprogram = arg
        elif opt in ('-a', '--argv'):
            builder.argv_emulation = 1
        elif opt in ('-c', '--creator'):
            builder.creator = arg
        elif opt == '--bundle-id':
            builder.bundle_id = arg
        elif opt == '--iconfile':
            builder.iconfile = arg
        elif opt == "--lib":
            builder.libs.append(os.path.normpath(arg))
        elif opt == "--nib":
            builder.nibname = arg
        elif opt in ('-p', '--plist'):
            builder.plist = Plist.fromFile(arg)
        elif opt in ('-l', '--link'):
            builder.symlink = 1
        elif opt == '--link-exec':
            builder.symlink_exec = 1
        elif opt in ('-h', '--help'):
            usage()
        elif opt in ('-v', '--verbose'):
            builder.verbosity += 1
        elif opt in ('-q', '--quiet'):
            builder.verbosity -= 1
        elif opt == '--standalone':
            builder.standalone = 1
        elif opt == '--semi-standalone':
            builder.semi_standalone = 1
        elif opt == '--python':
            builder.python = arg
        elif opt in ('-x', '--exclude'):
            builder.excludeModules.append(arg)
        elif opt in ('-i', '--include'):
            builder.includeModules.append(arg)
        elif opt == '--package':
            builder.includePackages.append(arg)
        elif opt == '--strip':
            builder.strip = 1
        elif opt == '--destroot':
            builder.destroot = arg

    if len(args) != 1:
        usage("Must specify one command ('build', 'report' or 'help')")
    command = args[0]

    if command == "build":
        builder.setup()
        builder.build()
    elif command == "report":
        builder.setup()
        builder.report()
    elif command == "help":
        usage()
    else:
        usage("Unknown command '%s'" % command)


def buildapp(**kwargs):
    builder = AppBuilder(**kwargs)
    main(builder)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()