cpython/Lib/ctypes/util.py

import sys, os
import ctypes

# find_library(name) returns the pathname of a library, or None.
if os.name == "nt":
    def find_library(name):
        # See MSDN for the REAL search order.
        for directory in os.environ['PATH'].split(os.pathsep):
            fname = os.path.join(directory, name)
            if os.path.exists(fname):
                return fname
            if fname.lower().endswith(".dll"):
                continue
            fname = fname + ".dll"
            if os.path.exists(fname):
                return fname
        return None

if os.name == "ce":
    # search path according to MSDN:
    # - absolute path specified by filename
    # - The .exe launch directory
    # - the Windows directory
    # - ROM dll files (where are they?)
    # - OEM specified search path: HKLM\Loader\SystemPath
    def find_library(name):
        return name

if os.name == "posix" and sys.platform == "darwin":
    from ctypes.macholib.dyld import dyld_find as _dyld_find
    def find_library(name):
        possible = ['lib%s.dylib' % name,
                    '%s.dylib' % name,
                    '%s.framework/%s' % (name, name)]
        for name in possible:
            try:
                return _dyld_find(name)
            except ValueError:
                continue
        return None

elif os.name == "posix":
    # Andreas Degert's find functions, using gcc, /sbin/ldconfig, objdump
    import re, tempfile

    def _findLib_gcc(name):
        expr = '[^\(\)\s]*lib%s\.[^\(\)\s]*' % name
        cmd = 'if type gcc &>/dev/null; then CC=gcc; else CC=cc; fi;' \
              '$CC -Wl,-t -o /dev/null 2>&1 -l' + name
        try:
            fdout, outfile =  tempfile.mkstemp()
            fd = os.popen(cmd)
            trace = fd.read()
            err = fd.close()
        finally:
            try:
                os.unlink(outfile)
            except OSError, e:
                if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
                    raise
        res = re.search(expr, trace)
        if not res:
            return None
        return res.group(0)

    def _findLib_ld(name):
        expr = '/[^\(\)\s]*lib%s\.[^\(\)\s]*' % name
        res = re.search(expr, os.popen('/sbin/ldconfig -p 2>/dev/null').read())
        if not res:
            # Hm, this works only for libs needed by the python executable.
            cmd = 'ldd %s 2>/dev/null' % sys.executable
            res = re.search(expr, os.popen(cmd).read())
            if not res:
                return None
        return res.group(0)

    def _get_soname(f):
        cmd = "objdump -p -j .dynamic 2>/dev/null " + f
        res = re.search(r'\sSONAME\s+([^\s]+)', os.popen(cmd).read())
        if not res:
            return None
        return res.group(1)

    def find_library(name):
        lib = _findLib_ld(name) or _findLib_gcc(name)
        if not lib:
            return None
        return _get_soname(lib)

################################################################
# test code

def test():
    from ctypes import cdll
    if os.name == "nt":
        print cdll.msvcrt
        print cdll.load("msvcrt")
        print find_library("msvcrt")

    if os.name == "posix":
        # find and load_version
        print find_library("m")
        print find_library("c")
        print find_library("bz2")

        # getattr
##        print cdll.m
##        print cdll.bz2

        # load
        if sys.platform == "darwin":
            print cdll.LoadLibrary("libm.dylib")
            print cdll.LoadLibrary("libcrypto.dylib")
            print cdll.LoadLibrary("libSystem.dylib")
            print cdll.LoadLibrary("System.framework/System")
        else:
            print cdll.LoadLibrary("libm.so")
            print cdll.LoadLibrary("libcrypt.so")
            print find_library("crypt")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    test()