cpython/Doc/library/pydoc.rst

:mod:`pydoc` --- Documentation generator and online help system
===============================================================

.. module:: pydoc
   :synopsis: Documentation generator and online help system.
.. moduleauthor:: Ka-Ping Yee <ping@lfw.org>
.. sectionauthor:: Ka-Ping Yee <ping@lfw.org>


.. versionadded:: 2.1

.. index::
   single: documentation; generation
   single: documentation; online
   single: help; online

**Source code:** :source:`Lib/pydoc.py`

--------------

The :mod:`pydoc` module automatically generates documentation from Python
modules.  The documentation can be presented as pages of text on the console,
served to a Web browser, or saved to HTML files.

For modules, classes, functions and methods, the displayed documentation is
derived from the docstring (i.e. the :attr:`__doc__` attribute) of the object,
and recursively of its documentable members.  If there is no docstring,
:mod:`pydoc` tries to obtain a description from the block of comment lines just
above the definition of the class, function or method in the source file, or at
the top of the module (see :func:`inspect.getcomments`).

The built-in function :func:`help` invokes the online help system in the
interactive interpreter, which uses :mod:`pydoc` to generate its documentation
as text on the console.  The same text documentation can also be viewed from
outside the Python interpreter by running :program:`pydoc` as a script at the
operating system's command prompt. For example, running ::

   pydoc sys

at a shell prompt will display documentation on the :mod:`sys` module, in a
style similar to the manual pages shown by the Unix :program:`man` command.  The
argument to :program:`pydoc` can be the name of a function, module, or package,
or a dotted reference to a class, method, or function within a module or module
in a package.  If the argument to :program:`pydoc` looks like a path (that is,
it contains the path separator for your operating system, such as a slash in
Unix), and refers to an existing Python source file, then documentation is
produced for that file.

.. note::

   In order to find objects and their documentation, :mod:`pydoc` imports the
   module(s) to be documented.  Therefore, any code on module level will be
   executed on that occasion.  Use an ``if __name__ == '__main__':`` guard to
   only execute code when a file is invoked as a script and not just imported.

When printing output to the console, :program:`pydoc` attempts to paginate the
output for easier reading.  If the :envvar:`PAGER` environment variable is set,
:program:`pydoc` will use its value as a pagination program.

Specifying a ``-w`` flag before the argument will cause HTML documentation
to be written out to a file in the current directory, instead of displaying text
on the console.

Specifying a ``-k`` flag before the argument will search the synopsis
lines of all available modules for the keyword given as the argument, again in a
manner similar to the Unix :program:`man` command.  The synopsis line of a
module is the first line of its documentation string.

You can also use :program:`pydoc` to start an HTTP server on the local machine
that will serve documentation to visiting Web browsers. :program:`pydoc -p 1234`
will start a HTTP server on port 1234, allowing you to browse
the documentation at ``http://localhost:1234/`` in your preferred Web browser.
:program:`pydoc -g` will start the server and additionally bring up a
small :mod:`Tkinter`\ -based graphical interface to help you search for
documentation pages.

When :program:`pydoc` generates documentation, it uses the current environment
and path to locate modules.  Thus, invoking :program:`pydoc spam`
documents precisely the version of the module you would get if you started the
Python interpreter and typed ``import spam``.

Module docs for core modules are assumed to reside in
https://docs.python.org/library/.  This can be overridden by setting the
:envvar:`PYTHONDOCS` environment variable to a different URL or to a local
directory containing the Library Reference Manual pages.