cpython/Objects/sliceobject.c

/*
Written by Jim Hugunin and Chris Chase.

This includes both the singular ellipsis object and slice objects.

Guido, feel free to do whatever you want in the way of copyrights
for this file.
*/

/*
Py_Ellipsis encodes the '...' rubber index token. It is similar to
the Py_NoneStruct in that there is no way to create other objects of
this type and there is exactly one in existence.
*/

#include "Python.h"
#include "structmember.h"

static PyObject *
ellipsis_repr(PyObject *op)
{
    return PyString_FromString("Ellipsis");
}

PyTypeObject PyEllipsis_Type = {
    PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type, 0)
    "ellipsis",                         /* tp_name */
    0,                                  /* tp_basicsize */
    0,                                  /* tp_itemsize */
    0, /*never called*/                 /* tp_dealloc */
    0,                                  /* tp_print */
    0,                                  /* tp_getattr */
    0,                                  /* tp_setattr */
    0,                                  /* tp_compare */
    ellipsis_repr,                      /* tp_repr */
    0,                                  /* tp_as_number */
    0,                                  /* tp_as_sequence */
    0,                                  /* tp_as_mapping */
    0,                                  /* tp_hash */
    0,                                  /* tp_call */
    0,                                  /* tp_str */
    PyObject_GenericGetAttr,            /* tp_getattro */
    0,                                  /* tp_setattro */
    0,                                  /* tp_as_buffer */
    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,                 /* tp_flags */
};

PyObject _Py_EllipsisObject = {
    _PyObject_EXTRA_INIT
    1, &PyEllipsis_Type
};


/* Slice object implementation

   start, stop, and step are python objects with None indicating no
   index is present.
*/

PyObject *
PySlice_New(PyObject *start, PyObject *stop, PyObject *step)
{
    PySliceObject *obj = PyObject_GC_New(PySliceObject, &PySlice_Type);

    if (obj == NULL)
        return NULL;

    if (step == NULL) step = Py_None;
    Py_INCREF(step);
    if (start == NULL) start = Py_None;
    Py_INCREF(start);
    if (stop == NULL) stop = Py_None;
    Py_INCREF(stop);

    obj->step = step;
    obj->start = start;
    obj->stop = stop;

    _PyObject_GC_TRACK(obj);
    return (PyObject *) obj;
}

PyObject *
_PySlice_FromIndices(Py_ssize_t istart, Py_ssize_t istop)
{
    PyObject *start, *end, *slice;
    start = PyInt_FromSsize_t(istart);
    if (!start)
        return NULL;
    end = PyInt_FromSsize_t(istop);
    if (!end) {
        Py_DECREF(start);
        return NULL;
    }

    slice = PySlice_New(start, end, NULL);
    Py_DECREF(start);
    Py_DECREF(end);
    return slice;
}

int
PySlice_GetIndices(PySliceObject *r, Py_ssize_t length,
                   Py_ssize_t *start, Py_ssize_t *stop, Py_ssize_t *step)
{
    /* XXX support long ints */
    if (r->step == Py_None) {
        *step = 1;
    } else {
        if (!PyInt_Check(r->step) && !PyLong_Check(r->step)) return -1;
        *step = PyInt_AsSsize_t(r->step);
    }
    if (r->start == Py_None) {
        *start = *step < 0 ? length-1 : 0;
    } else {
        if (!PyInt_Check(r->start) && !PyLong_Check(r->step)) return -1;
        *start = PyInt_AsSsize_t(r->start);
        if (*start < 0) *start += length;
    }
    if (r->stop == Py_None) {
        *stop = *step < 0 ? -1 : length;
    } else {
        if (!PyInt_Check(r->stop) && !PyLong_Check(r->step)) return -1;
        *stop = PyInt_AsSsize_t(r->stop);
        if (*stop < 0) *stop += length;
    }
    if (*stop > length) return -1;
    if (*start >= length) return -1;
    if (*step == 0) return -1;
    return 0;
}

int
_PySlice_Unpack(PyObject *_r,
                Py_ssize_t *start, Py_ssize_t *stop, Py_ssize_t *step)
{
    PySliceObject *r = (PySliceObject *)_r;
    /* this is harder to get right than you might think */

    if (r->step == Py_None) {
        *step = 1;
    }
    else {
        if (!_PyEval_SliceIndex(r->step, step)) return -1;
        if (*step == 0) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
                            "slice step cannot be zero");
            return -1;
        }
        /* Here *step might be -PY_SSIZE_T_MAX-1; in this case we replace it
         * with -PY_SSIZE_T_MAX.  This doesn't affect the semantics, and it
         * guards against later undefined behaviour resulting from code that
         * does "step = -step" as part of a slice reversal.
         */
        if (*step < -PY_SSIZE_T_MAX)
            *step = -PY_SSIZE_T_MAX;
    }

    if (r->start == Py_None) {
        *start = *step < 0 ? PY_SSIZE_T_MAX-1 : 0;;
    }
    else {
        if (!_PyEval_SliceIndex(r->start, start)) return -1;
    }

    if (r->stop == Py_None) {
        *stop = *step < 0 ? -PY_SSIZE_T_MAX : PY_SSIZE_T_MAX;
    }
    else {
        if (!_PyEval_SliceIndex(r->stop, stop)) return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

Py_ssize_t
_PySlice_AdjustIndices(Py_ssize_t length,
                       Py_ssize_t *start, Py_ssize_t *stop, Py_ssize_t step)
{
    /* this is harder to get right than you might think */

    assert(step != 0);
    assert(step >= -PY_SSIZE_T_MAX);

    if (*start < 0) {
        *start += length;
        if (*start < 0) {
            *start = (step < 0) ? -1 : 0;
        }
    }
    else if (*start >= length) {
        *start = (step < 0) ? length - 1 : length;
    }

    if (*stop < 0) {
        *stop += length;
        if (*stop < 0) {
            *stop = (step < 0) ? -1 : 0;
        }
    }
    else  if (*stop >= length) {
        *stop = (step < 0) ? length - 1 : length;
    }

    if (step < 0) {
        if (*stop < *start) {
            return (*start - *stop - 1) / (-step) + 1;
        }
    }
    else {
        if (*start < *stop) {
            return (*stop - *start - 1) / step + 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

#undef PySlice_GetIndicesEx

int
PySlice_GetIndicesEx(PySliceObject *r, Py_ssize_t length,
                     Py_ssize_t *start, Py_ssize_t *stop, Py_ssize_t *step,
                     Py_ssize_t *slicelength)
{
    if (_PySlice_Unpack((PyObject *)r, start, stop, step) < 0)
        return -1;
    *slicelength = _PySlice_AdjustIndices(length, start, stop, *step);
    return 0;
}

static PyObject *
slice_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
{
    PyObject *start, *stop, *step;

    start = stop = step = NULL;

    if (!_PyArg_NoKeywords("slice()", kw))
        return NULL;

    if (!PyArg_UnpackTuple(args, "slice", 1, 3, &start, &stop, &step))
        return NULL;

    /* This swapping of stop and start is to maintain similarity with
       range(). */
    if (stop == NULL) {
        stop = start;
        start = NULL;
    }
    return PySlice_New(start, stop, step);
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(slice_doc,
"slice(stop)\n\
slice(start, stop[, step])\n\
\n\
Create a slice object.  This is used for extended slicing (e.g. a[0:10:2]).");

static void
slice_dealloc(PySliceObject *r)
{
    _PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(r);
    Py_DECREF(r->step);
    Py_DECREF(r->start);
    Py_DECREF(r->stop);
    PyObject_GC_Del(r);
}

static PyObject *
slice_repr(PySliceObject *r)
{
    PyObject *s, *comma;

    s = PyString_FromString("slice(");
    comma = PyString_FromString(", ");
    PyString_ConcatAndDel(&s, PyObject_Repr(r->start));
    PyString_Concat(&s, comma);
    PyString_ConcatAndDel(&s, PyObject_Repr(r->stop));
    PyString_Concat(&s, comma);
    PyString_ConcatAndDel(&s, PyObject_Repr(r->step));
    PyString_ConcatAndDel(&s, PyString_FromString(")"));
    Py_DECREF(comma);
    return s;
}

static PyMemberDef slice_members[] = {
    {"start", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PySliceObject, start), READONLY},
    {"stop", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PySliceObject, stop), READONLY},
    {"step", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PySliceObject, step), READONLY},
    {0}
};

static PyObject*
slice_indices(PySliceObject* self, PyObject* len)
{
    Py_ssize_t ilen, start, stop, step;

    ilen = PyNumber_AsSsize_t(len, PyExc_OverflowError);

    if (ilen == -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
        return NULL;
    }

    if (_PySlice_Unpack((PyObject *)self, &start, &stop, &step) < 0) {
        return NULL;
    }
    _PySlice_AdjustIndices(ilen, &start, &stop, step);

    return Py_BuildValue("(nnn)", start, stop, step);
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(slice_indices_doc,
"S.indices(len) -> (start, stop, stride)\n\
\n\
Assuming a sequence of length len, calculate the start and stop\n\
indices, and the stride length of the extended slice described by\n\
S. Out of bounds indices are clipped in a manner consistent with the\n\
handling of normal slices.");

static PyObject *
slice_reduce(PySliceObject* self)
{
    return Py_BuildValue("O(OOO)", Py_TYPE(self), self->start, self->stop, self->step);
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(reduce_doc, "Return state information for pickling.");

static PyMethodDef slice_methods[] = {
    {"indices",         (PyCFunction)slice_indices,
     METH_O,            slice_indices_doc},
    {"__reduce__",      (PyCFunction)slice_reduce,
     METH_NOARGS,       reduce_doc},
    {NULL, NULL}
};

static int
slice_compare(PySliceObject *v, PySliceObject *w)
{
    int result = 0;

    if (v == w)
        return 0;

    if (PyObject_Cmp(v->start, w->start, &result) < 0)
        return -2;
    if (result != 0)
        return result;
    if (PyObject_Cmp(v->stop, w->stop, &result) < 0)
        return -2;
    if (result != 0)
        return result;
    if (PyObject_Cmp(v->step, w->step, &result) < 0)
        return -2;
    return result;
}

static long
slice_hash(PySliceObject *v)
{
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "unhashable type");
    return -1L;
}

static int
slice_traverse(PySliceObject *v, visitproc visit, void *arg)
{
    Py_VISIT(v->start);
    Py_VISIT(v->stop);
    Py_VISIT(v->step);
    return 0;
}

PyTypeObject PySlice_Type = {
    PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type, 0)
    "slice",                    /* Name of this type */
    sizeof(PySliceObject),      /* Basic object size */
    0,                          /* Item size for varobject */
    (destructor)slice_dealloc,                  /* tp_dealloc */
    0,                                          /* tp_print */
    0,                                          /* tp_getattr */
    0,                                          /* tp_setattr */
    (cmpfunc)slice_compare,                     /* tp_compare */
    (reprfunc)slice_repr,                       /* tp_repr */
    0,                                          /* tp_as_number */
    0,                                          /* tp_as_sequence */
    0,                                          /* tp_as_mapping */
    (hashfunc)slice_hash,                       /* tp_hash */
    0,                                          /* tp_call */
    0,                                          /* tp_str */
    PyObject_GenericGetAttr,                    /* tp_getattro */
    0,                                          /* tp_setattro */
    0,                                          /* tp_as_buffer */
    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC,    /* tp_flags */
    slice_doc,                                  /* tp_doc */
    (traverseproc)slice_traverse,               /* tp_traverse */
    0,                                          /* tp_clear */
    0,                                          /* tp_richcompare */
    0,                                          /* tp_weaklistoffset */
    0,                                          /* tp_iter */
    0,                                          /* tp_iternext */
    slice_methods,                              /* tp_methods */
    slice_members,                              /* tp_members */
    0,                                          /* tp_getset */
    0,                                          /* tp_base */
    0,                                          /* tp_dict */
    0,                                          /* tp_descr_get */
    0,                                          /* tp_descr_set */
    0,                                          /* tp_dictoffset */
    0,                                          /* tp_init */
    0,                                          /* tp_alloc */
    slice_new,                                  /* tp_new */
};