2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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What's New in Python 2.0?
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2000-10-16 17:27:25 -03:00
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=========================
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1997-08-14 23:50:47 -03:00
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2000-09-01 19:34:33 -03:00
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Below is a list of all relevant changes since release 1.6. Older
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2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
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changes are in the file HISTORY. If you are making the jump directly
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from Python 1.5.2 to 2.0, make sure to read the section for 1.6 in the
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HISTORY file! Many important changes listed there.
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1997-08-14 23:50:47 -03:00
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2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
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Alternatively, a good overview of the changes between 1.5.2 and 2.0 is
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the document "What's New in Python 2.0" by Kuchling and Moshe Zadka:
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http://starship.python.net/crew/amk/python/writing/new-python/.
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1997-10-06 18:04:35 -03:00
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2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
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--Guido van Rossum (home page: http://www.pythonlabs.com/~guido/)
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1998-10-17 16:43:13 -03:00
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======================================================================
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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What's new in 2.0 (since release candidate 1)?
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==============================================
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Standard library
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- The copy_reg module was modified to clarify its intended use: to
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register pickle support for extension types, not for classes.
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pickle() will raise a TypeError if it is passed a class.
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- Fixed a bug in gettext's "normalize and expand" code that prevented
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it from finding an existing .mo file.
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- Restored support for HTTP/0.9 servers in httplib.
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2000-10-16 17:24:53 -03:00
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- The math module was changed to stop raising OverflowError in case of
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underflow, and return 0 instead in underflow cases. Whether Python
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used to raise OverflowError in case of underflow was platform-
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dependent (it did when the platform math library set errno to ERANGE
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on underflow).
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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- Fixed a bug in StringIO that occurred when the file position was not
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at the end of the file and write() was called with enough data to
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extend past the end of the file.
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- Fixed a bug that caused Tkinter error messages to get lost on
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Windows. The bug was fixed by replacing direct use of
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interp->result with Tcl_GetStringResult(interp).
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- Fixed bug in urllib2 that caused it to fail when it received an HTTP
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redirect response.
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- Several changes were made to distutils: Some debugging code was
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removed from util. Fixed the installer used when an external zip
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program (like WinZip) is not found; the source code for this
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installer is in Misc/distutils. check_lib() was modified to behave
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more like AC_CHECK_LIB by add other_libraries() as a parameter. The
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test for whether installed modules are on sys.path was changed to
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use both normcase() and normpath().
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2000-10-16 17:41:38 -03:00
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- Several minor bugs were fixed in the xml package (the minidom,
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pulldom, expatreader, and saxutils modules).
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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- The regression test driver (regrtest.py) behavior when invoked with
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-l changed: It now reports a count of objects that are recognized as
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garbage but not freed by the garbage collector.
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2000-10-16 17:24:53 -03:00
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- The regression test for the math module was changed to test
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exceptional behavior when the test is run in verbose mode. Python
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cannot yet guarantee consistent exception behavior across platforms,
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so the exception part of test_math is run only in verbose mode, and
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may fail on your platform.
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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Internals
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- PyOS_CheckStack() has been disabled on Win64, where it caused
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test_sre to fail.
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Build issues
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- Changed compiler flags, so that gcc is always invoked with -Wall and
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-Wstrict-prototypes. Users compiling Python with GCC should see
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exactly one warning, except if they have passed configure the
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2000-10-16 17:24:53 -03:00
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--with-pydebug flag. The expected warning is for getopt() in
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2000-10-16 17:51:33 -03:00
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Modules/main.c. This warning will be fixed for Python 2.1.
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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- Fixed configure to add -threads argument during linking on OSF1.
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Tools and other miscellany
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- The compiler in Tools/compiler was updated to support the new
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language features introduced in 2.0: extended print statement, list
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comprehensions, and augmented assignments. The new compiler should
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also be backwards compatible with Python 1.5.2; the compiler will
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always generate code for the version of the interpreter it runs
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under.
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2000-10-09 15:26:42 -03:00
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What's new in 2.0 release candidate 1 (since beta 2)?
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=====================================================
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2000-10-09 18:27:22 -03:00
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What is release candidate 1?
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We believe that release candidate 1 will fix all known bugs that we
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intend to fix for the 2.0 final release. This release should be a bit
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more stable than the previous betas. We would like to see even more
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widespread testing before the final release, so we are producing this
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release candidate. The final release will be exactly the same unless
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any show-stopping (or brown bag) bugs are found by testers of the
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release candidate.
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2000-10-09 15:26:42 -03:00
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All the changes since the last beta release are bug fixes or changes
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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to support building Python for specific platforms.
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2000-10-09 15:26:42 -03:00
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Core language, builtins, and interpreter
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- A bug that caused crashes when __coerce__ was used with augmented
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assignment, e.g. +=, was fixed.
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- Raise ZeroDivisionError when raising zero to a negative number,
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e.g. 0.0 ** -2.0. Note that math.pow is unrelated to the builtin
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power operator and the result of math.pow(0.0, -2.0) will vary by
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platform. On Linux, it raises a ValueError.
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- A bug in Unicode string interpolation was fixed that occasionally
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caused errors with formats including "%%". For example, the
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following expression "%% %s" % u"abc" no longer raises a TypeError.
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- Compilation of deeply nested expressions raises MemoryError instead
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of SyntaxError, e.g. eval("[" * 50 + "]" * 50).
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- In 2.0b2 on Windows, the interpreter wrote .pyc files in text mode,
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rendering them useless. They are now written in binary mode again.
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Standard library
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- Keyword arguments are now accepted for most pattern and match object
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methods in SRE, the standard regular expression engine.
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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- In SRE, fixed error with negative lookahead and lookbehind that
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2000-10-09 16:48:11 -03:00
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manifested itself as a runtime error in patterns like "(?<!abc)(def)".
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2000-10-09 15:26:42 -03:00
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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- Several bugs in the Unicode handling and error handling in _tkinter
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were fixed.
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2000-10-09 15:26:42 -03:00
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- Fix memory management errors in Merge() and Tkapp_Call() routines.
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- Several changes were made to cStringIO to make it compatible with
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the file-like object interface and with StringIO. If operations are
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performed on a closed object, an exception is raised. The truncate
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method now accepts a position argument and readline accepts a size
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argument.
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- There were many changes made to the linuxaudiodev module and its
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test suite; as a result, a short, unexpected audio sample should now
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play when the regression test is run.
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Note that this module is named poorly, because it should work
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correctly on any platform that supports the Open Sound System
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(OSS).
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The module now raises exceptions when errors occur instead of
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crashing. It also defines the AFMT_A_LAW format (logarithmic A-law
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audio) and defines a getptr() method that calls the
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SNDCTL_DSP_GETxPTR ioctl defined in the OSS Programmer's Guide.
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- The library_version attribute, introduced in an earlier beta, was
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removed because it can not be supported with early versions of the C
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readline library, which provides no way to determine the version at
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compile-time.
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- The binascii module is now enabled on Win64.
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2000-10-09 18:19:31 -03:00
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- tokenize.py no longer suffers "recursion depth" errors when parsing
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programs with very long string literals.
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2000-10-09 15:26:42 -03:00
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Internals
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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- Fixed several buffer overflow vulnerabilities in calculate_path(),
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2000-10-09 15:26:42 -03:00
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which is called when the interpreter starts up to determine where
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the standard library is installed. These vulnerabilities affect all
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previous versions of Python and can be exploited by setting very
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long values for PYTHONHOME or argv[0]. The risk is greatest for a
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setuid Python script, although use of the wrapper in
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Misc/setuid-prog.c will eliminate the vulnerability.
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- Fixed garbage collection bugs in instance creation that were
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triggered when errors occurred during initialization. The solution,
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applied in cPickle and in PyInstance_New(), is to call
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PyObject_GC_Init() after the initialization of the object's
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container attributes is complete.
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- pyexpat adds definitions of PyModule_AddStringConstant and
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PyModule_AddObject if the Python version is less than 2.0, which
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provides compatibility with PyXML on Python 1.5.2.
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- If the platform has a bogus definition for LONG_BIT (the number of
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bits in a long), an error will be reported at compile time.
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- Fix bugs in _PyTuple_Resize() which caused hard-to-interpret garbage
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collection crashes and possibly other, unreported crashes.
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- Fixed a memory leak in _PyUnicode_Fini().
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Build issues
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- configure now accepts a --with-suffix option that specifies the
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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executable suffix. This is useful for builds on Cygwin and Mac OS
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X, for example.
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2000-10-09 15:26:42 -03:00
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- The mmap.PAGESIZE constant is now initialized using sysconf when
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possible, which eliminates a dependency on -lucb for Reliant UNIX.
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- The md5 file should now compile on all platforms.
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- The select module now compiles on platforms that do not define
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POLLRDNORM and related constants.
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- Darwin (Mac OS X): Initial support for static builds on this
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platform.
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2000-10-09 15:34:12 -03:00
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- BeOS: A number of changes were made to the build and installation
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process. ar-fake now operates on a directory of object files.
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dl_export.h is gone, and its macros now appear on the mwcc command
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line during build on PPC BeOS.
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2000-10-16 17:08:38 -03:00
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- Platform directory in lib/python2.0 is "plat-beos5" (or
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2000-10-09 15:34:12 -03:00
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"plat-beos4", if building on BeOS 4.5), rather than "plat-beos".
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2000-10-09 15:26:42 -03:00
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- Cygwin: Support for shared libraries, Tkinter, and sockets.
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- SunOS 4.1.4_JL: Fix test for directory existence in configure.
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Tools and other miscellany
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- Removed debugging prints from main used with freeze.
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2000-10-09 18:19:31 -03:00
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- IDLE auto-indent no longer crashes when it encounters Unicode
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characters.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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What's new in 2.0 beta 2 (since beta 1)?
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========================================
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Core language, builtins, and interpreter
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2000-09-26 03:33:09 -03:00
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- Add support for unbounded ints in %d,i,u,x,X,o formats; for example
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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"%d" % 2L**64 == "18446744073709551616".
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- Add -h and -V command line options to print the usage message and
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Python version number and exit immediately.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
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- eval() and exec accept Unicode objects as code parameters.
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- getattr() and setattr() now also accept Unicode objects for the
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attribute name, which are converted to strings using the default
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encoding before lookup.
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- Multiplication on string and Unicode now does proper bounds
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checking; e.g. 'a' * 65536 * 65536 will raise ValueError, "repeated
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string is too long."
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- Better error message when continue is found in try statement in a
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loop.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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Standard library and extensions
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- array: reverse() method of array now works. buffer_info() now does
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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argument checking; it still takes no arguments.
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- asyncore/asynchat: Included most recent version from Sam Rushing.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- cgi: Accept '&' or ';' as separator characters when parsing form data.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- CGIHTTPServer: Now works on Windows (and perhaps even Mac).
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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- ConfigParser: When reading the file, options spelled in upper case
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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letters are now correctly converted to lowercase.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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- copy: Copy Unicode objects atomically.
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- cPickle: Fail gracefully when copy_reg can't be imported.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- cStringIO: Implemented readlines() method.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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2000-09-26 13:40:27 -03:00
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- dbm: Add get() and setdefault() methods to dbm object. Add constant
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`library' to module that names the library used. Added doc strings
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and method names to error messages. Uses configure to determine
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which ndbm.h file to include; Berkeley DB's nbdm and GDBM's ndbm is
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now available options.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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- distutils: Update to version 0.9.3.
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- dl: Add several dl.RTLD_ constants.
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- fpectl: Now supported on FreeBSD.
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- gc: Add DEBUG_SAVEALL option. When enabled all garbage objects
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found by the collector will be saved in gc.garbage. This is useful
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for debugging a program that creates reference cycles.
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- httplib: Three changes: Restore support for set_debuglevel feature
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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of HTTP class. Do not close socket on zero-length response. Do not
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crash when server sends invalid content-length header.
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- mailbox: Mailbox class conforms better to qmail specifications.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
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- marshal: When reading a short, sign-extend on platforms where shorts
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are bigger than 16 bits. When reading a long, repair the unportable
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sign extension that was being done for 64-bit machines. (It assumed
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that signed right shift sign-extends.)
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- operator: Add contains(), invert(), __invert__() as aliases for
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__contains__(), inv(), and __inv__() respectively.
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- os: Add support for popen2() and popen3() on all platforms where
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fork() exists. (popen4() is still in the works.)
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2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
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2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
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- os: (Windows only:) Add startfile() function that acts like double-
|
2000-09-26 03:33:09 -03:00
|
|
|
clicking on a file in Explorer (or passing the file name to the
|
|
|
|
DOS "start" command).
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
- os.path: (Windows, DOS:) Treat trailing colon correctly in
|
2000-09-26 03:33:09 -03:00
|
|
|
os.path.join. os.path.join("a:", "b") yields "a:b".
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- pickle: Now raises ValueError when an invalid pickle that contains
|
|
|
|
a non-string repr where a string repr was expected. This behavior
|
|
|
|
matches cPickle.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
- posixfile: Remove broken __del__() method.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
- py_compile: support CR+LF line terminators in source file.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- readline: Does not immediately exit when ^C is hit when readline and
|
2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
|
|
|
threads are configured. Adds definition of rl_library_version. (The
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
latter addition requires GNU readline 2.2 or later.)
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- rfc822: Domain literals returned by AddrlistClass method
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
getdomainliteral() are now properly wrapped in brackets.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- site: sys.setdefaultencoding() should only be called in case the
|
2000-09-26 03:33:09 -03:00
|
|
|
standard default encoding ("ascii") is changed. This saves quite a
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
few cycles during startup since the first call to
|
|
|
|
setdefaultencoding() will initialize the codec registry and the
|
|
|
|
encodings package.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
- socket: Support for size hint in readlines() method of object returned
|
|
|
|
by makefile().
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
- sre: Added experimental expand() method to match objects. Does not
|
2000-10-02 10:43:33 -03:00
|
|
|
use buffer interface on Unicode strings. Does not hang if group id
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
is followed by whitespace.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:21:35 -03:00
|
|
|
- StringIO: Size hint in readlines() is now supported as documented.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- struct: Check ranges for bytes and shorts.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- urllib: Improved handling of win32 proxy settings. Fixed quote and
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
quote_plus functions so that the always encode a comma.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Tkinter: Image objects are now guaranteed to have unique ids. Set
|
|
|
|
event.delta to zero if Tk version doesn't support mousewheel.
|
|
|
|
Removed some debugging prints.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
- UserList: now implements __contains__().
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:40:27 -03:00
|
|
|
- webbrowser: On Windows, use os.startfile() instead of os.popen(),
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
which works around a bug in Norton AntiVirus 2000 that leads directly
|
|
|
|
to a Blue Screen freeze.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- xml: New version detection code allows PyXML to override standard
|
|
|
|
XML package if PyXML version is greater than 0.6.1.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:21:35 -03:00
|
|
|
- xml.dom: DOM level 1 support for basic XML. Includes xml.dom.minidom
|
|
|
|
(conventional DOM), and xml.dom.pulldom, which allows building the DOM
|
|
|
|
tree only for nodes which are sufficiently interesting to a specific
|
|
|
|
application. Does not provide the HTML-specific extensions. Still
|
|
|
|
undocumented.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:21:35 -03:00
|
|
|
- xml.sax: SAX 2 support for Python, including all the handler
|
|
|
|
interfaces needed to process XML 1.0 compliant XML. Some
|
|
|
|
documentation is already available.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:21:35 -03:00
|
|
|
- pyexpat: Renamed to xml.parsers.expat since this is part of the new,
|
|
|
|
packagized XML support.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
C API
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Add three new convenience functions for module initialization --
|
|
|
|
PyModule_AddObject(), PyModule_AddIntConstant(), and
|
|
|
|
PyModule_AddStringConstant().
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
|
|
|
- Cleaned up definition of NULL in C source code; all definitions were
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
removed and add #error to Python.h if NULL isn't defined after
|
|
|
|
#include of stdio.h.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
- Py_PROTO() macros that were removed in 2.0b1 have been restored for
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
backwards compatibility (at the source level) with old extensions.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
- A wrapper API was added for signal() and sigaction(). Instead of
|
|
|
|
either function, always use PyOS_getsig() to get a signal handler
|
|
|
|
and PyOS_setsig() to set one. A new convenience typedef
|
|
|
|
PyOS_sighandler_t is defined for the type of signal handlers.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
- Add PyString_AsStringAndSize() function that provides access to the
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
internal data buffer and size of a string object -- or the default
|
|
|
|
encoded version of a Unicode object.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
|
|
|
- PyString_Size() and PyString_AsString() accept Unicode objects.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
- The standard header <limits.h> is now included by Python.h (if it
|
2000-09-26 13:21:35 -03:00
|
|
|
exists). INT_MAX and LONG_MAX will always be defined, even if
|
|
|
|
<limits.h> is not available.
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
|
|
|
- PyFloat_FromString takes a second argument, pend, that was
|
|
|
|
effectively useless. It is now officially useless but preserved for
|
|
|
|
backwards compatibility. If the pend argument is not NULL, *pend is
|
|
|
|
set to NULL.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- PyObject_GetAttr() and PyObject_SetAttr() now accept Unicode objects
|
|
|
|
for the attribute name. See note on getattr() above.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- A few bug fixes to argument processing for Unicode.
|
|
|
|
PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords() now accepts "es#" and "es".
|
|
|
|
PyArg_Parse() special cases "s#" for Unicode objects; it returns a
|
|
|
|
pointer to the default encoded string data instead of to the raw
|
|
|
|
UTF-16.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Py_BuildValue accepts B format (for bgen-generated code).
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
Internals
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- On Unix, fix code for finding Python installation directory so that
|
|
|
|
it works when argv[0] is a relative path.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
|
|
|
- Added a true tnicode_internal_encode() function and fixed the
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
unicode_internal_decode function() to support Unicode objects directly
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
rather than by generating a copy of the object.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 03:33:09 -03:00
|
|
|
- Several of the internal Unicode tables are much smaller now, and
|
|
|
|
the source code should be much friendlier to weaker compilers.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 14:42:51 -03:00
|
|
|
- In the garbage collector: Fixed bug in collection of tuples. Fixed
|
|
|
|
bug that caused some instances to be removed from the container set
|
|
|
|
while they were still live. Fixed parsing in gc.set_debug() for
|
|
|
|
platforms where sizeof(long) > sizeof(int).
|
2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Fixed refcount problem in instance deallocation that only occurred
|
|
|
|
when Py_REF_DEBUG was defined and Py_TRACE_REFS was not.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- On Windows, getpythonregpath is now protected against null data in
|
|
|
|
registry key.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- On Unix, create .pyc/.pyo files with O_EXCL flag to avoid a race
|
|
|
|
condition.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
Build and platform-specific issues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Better support of GNU Pth via --with-pth configure option.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
|
|
|
- Python/C API now properly exposed to dynamically-loaded extension
|
|
|
|
modules on Reliant UNIX.
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Changes for the benefit of SunOS 4.1.4 (really!). mmapmodule.c:
|
|
|
|
Don't define MS_SYNC to be zero when it is undefined. Added missing
|
|
|
|
prototypes in posixmodule.c.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
|
|
|
- Improved support for HP-UX build. Threads should now be correctly
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
configured (on HP-UX 10.20 and 11.00).
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 13:31:30 -03:00
|
|
|
- Fix largefile support on older NetBSD systems and OpenBSD by adding
|
|
|
|
define for TELL64.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tools and other miscellany
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- ftpmirror: Call to main() is wrapped in if __name__ == "__main__".
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- freeze: The modulefinder now works with 2.0 opcodes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- IDLE:
|
|
|
|
Move hackery of sys.argv until after the Tk instance has been
|
|
|
|
created, which allows the application-specific Tkinter
|
|
|
|
initialization to be executed if present; also pass an explicit
|
|
|
|
className parameter to the Tk() constructor.
|
2000-09-26 13:21:35 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 02:32:36 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
What's new in 2.0 beta 1?
|
|
|
|
=========================
|
1998-10-17 16:43:13 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
Source Incompatibilities
|
|
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
None. Note that 1.6 introduced several incompatibilities with 1.5.2,
|
|
|
|
such as single-argument append(), connect() and bind(), and changes to
|
|
|
|
str(long) and repr(float).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Binary Incompatibilities
|
|
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Third party extensions built for Python 1.5.x or 1.6 cannot be used
|
|
|
|
with Python 2.0; these extensions will have to be rebuilt for Python
|
|
|
|
2.0.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- On Windows, attempting to import a third party extension built for
|
|
|
|
Python 1.5.x or 1.6 results in an immediate crash; there's not much we
|
|
|
|
can do about this. Check your PYTHONPATH environment variable!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Python bytecode files (*.pyc and *.pyo) are not compatible between
|
|
|
|
releases.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Overview of Changes Since 1.6
|
|
|
|
-----------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There are many new modules (including brand new XML support through
|
|
|
|
the xml package, and i18n support through the gettext module); a list
|
|
|
|
of all new modules is included below. Lots of bugs have been fixed.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
The process for making major new changes to the language has changed
|
|
|
|
since Python 1.6. Enhancements must now be documented by a Python
|
|
|
|
Enhancement Proposal (PEP) before they can be accepted.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
There are several important syntax enhancements, described in more
|
|
|
|
detail below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Augmented assignment, e.g. x += 1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- List comprehensions, e.g. [x**2 for x in range(10)]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Extended import statement, e.g. import Module as Name
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Extended print statement, e.g. print >> file, "Hello"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other important changes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Optional collection of cyclical garbage
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
Python Enhancement Proposal (PEP)
|
|
|
|
---------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PEP stands for Python Enhancement Proposal. A PEP is a design
|
|
|
|
document providing information to the Python community, or describing
|
|
|
|
a new feature for Python. The PEP should provide a concise technical
|
|
|
|
specification of the feature and a rationale for the feature.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We intend PEPs to be the primary mechanisms for proposing new
|
|
|
|
features, for collecting community input on an issue, and for
|
|
|
|
documenting the design decisions that have gone into Python. The PEP
|
|
|
|
author is responsible for building consensus within the community and
|
|
|
|
documenting dissenting opinions.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The PEPs are available at http://python.sourceforge.net/peps/.
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Augmented Assignment
|
|
|
|
--------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This must have been the most-requested feature of the past years!
|
|
|
|
Eleven new assignment operators were added:
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 09:42:46 -03:00
|
|
|
+= -= *= /= %= **= <<= >>= &= ^= |=
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For example,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A += B
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
is similar to
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A = A + B
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
except that A is evaluated only once (relevant when A is something
|
|
|
|
like dict[index].attr).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
However, if A is a mutable object, A may be modified in place. Thus,
|
|
|
|
if A is a number or a string, A += B has the same effect as A = A+B
|
|
|
|
(except A is only evaluated once); but if a is a list, A += B has the
|
|
|
|
same effect as A.extend(B)!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Classes and built-in object types can override the new operators in
|
|
|
|
order to implement the in-place behavior; the not-in-place behavior is
|
|
|
|
used automatically as a fallback when an object doesn't implement the
|
|
|
|
in-place behavior. For classes, the method name is derived from the
|
|
|
|
method name for the corresponding not-in-place operator by inserting
|
|
|
|
an 'i' in front of the name, e.g. __iadd__ implements in-place
|
|
|
|
__add__.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Augmented assignment was implemented by Thomas Wouters.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
List Comprehensions
|
|
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is a flexible new notation for lists whose elements are computed
|
|
|
|
from another list (or lists). The simplest form is:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<expression> for <variable> in <sequence>]
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-06 20:34:25 -03:00
|
|
|
For example, [i**2 for i in range(4)] yields the list [0, 1, 4, 9].
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
This is more efficient than a for loop with a list.append() call.
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can also add a condition:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<expression> for <variable> in <sequence> if <condition>]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For example, [w for w in words if w == w.lower()] would yield the list
|
|
|
|
of words that contain no uppercase characters. This is more efficient
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
than a for loop with an if statement and a list.append() call.
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can also have nested for loops and more than one 'if' clause. For
|
|
|
|
example, here's a function that flattens a sequence of sequences::
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def flatten(seq):
|
|
|
|
return [x for subseq in seq for x in subseq]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flatten([[0], [1,2,3], [4,5], [6,7,8,9], []])
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This prints
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
List comprehensions originated as a patch set from Greg Ewing; Skip
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
Montanaro and Thomas Wouters also contributed. Described by PEP 202.
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Extended Import Statement
|
|
|
|
-------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Many people have asked for a way to import a module under a different
|
|
|
|
name. This can be accomplished like this:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
import foo
|
|
|
|
bar = foo
|
|
|
|
del foo
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
but this common idiom gets old quickly. A simple extension of the
|
|
|
|
import statement now allows this to be written as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
import foo as bar
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There's also a variant for 'from ... import':
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
from foo import bar as spam
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This also works with packages; e.g. you can write this:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
import test.regrtest as regrtest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note that 'as' is not a new keyword -- it is recognized only in this
|
|
|
|
context (this is only possible because the syntax for the import
|
|
|
|
statement doesn't involve expressions).
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
Implemented by Thomas Wouters. Described by PEP 221.
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Extended Print Statement
|
|
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Easily the most controversial new feature, this extension to the print
|
|
|
|
statement adds an option to make the output go to a different file
|
|
|
|
than the default sys.stdout.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For example, to write an error message to sys.stderr, you can now
|
|
|
|
write:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
print >> sys.stderr, "Error: bad dog!"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As a special feature, if the expression used to indicate the file
|
2000-09-29 14:09:11 -03:00
|
|
|
evaluates to None, the current value of sys.stdout is used. Thus:
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
print >> None, "Hello world"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
is equivalent to
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
print "Hello world"
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
Design and implementation by Barry Warsaw. Described by PEP 214.
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Optional Collection of Cyclical Garbage
|
|
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Python is now equipped with a garbage collector that can hunt down
|
|
|
|
cyclical references between Python objects. It's no replacement for
|
|
|
|
reference counting; in fact, it depends on the reference counts being
|
|
|
|
correct, and decides that a set of objects belong to a cycle if all
|
|
|
|
their reference counts can be accounted for from their references to
|
|
|
|
each other. This devious scheme was first proposed by Eric Tiedemann,
|
|
|
|
and brought to implementation by Neil Schemenauer.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There's a module "gc" that lets you control some parameters of the
|
|
|
|
garbage collection. There's also an option to the configure script
|
|
|
|
that lets you enable or disable the garbage collection. In 2.0b1,
|
|
|
|
it's on by default, so that we (hopefully) can collect decent user
|
|
|
|
experience with this new feature. There are some questions about its
|
2000-09-29 14:54:40 -03:00
|
|
|
performance. If it proves to be too much of a problem, we'll turn it
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
off by default in the final 2.0 release.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Smaller Changes
|
|
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A new function zip() was added. zip(seq1, seq2, ...) is equivalent to
|
|
|
|
map(None, seq1, seq2, ...) when the sequences have the same length;
|
|
|
|
i.e. zip([1,2,3], [10,20,30]) returns [(1,10), (2,20), (3,30)]. When
|
|
|
|
the lists are not all the same length, the shortest list wins:
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
zip([1,2,3], [10,20]) returns [(1,10), (2,20)]. See PEP 201.
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
sys.version_info is a tuple (major, minor, micro, level, serial).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dictionaries have an odd new method, setdefault(key, default).
|
|
|
|
dict.setdefault(key, default) returns dict[key] if it exists; if not,
|
|
|
|
it sets dict[key] to default and returns that value. Thus:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
dict.setdefault(key, []).append(item)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
does the same work as this common idiom:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if not dict.has_key(key):
|
|
|
|
dict[key] = []
|
|
|
|
dict[key].append(item)
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
There are two new variants of SyntaxError that are raised for
|
|
|
|
indentation-related errors: IndentationError and TabError.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changed \x to consume exactly two hex digits; see PEP 223. Added \U
|
|
|
|
escape that consumes exactly eight hex digits.
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The limits on the size of expressions and file in Python source code
|
|
|
|
have been raised from 2**16 to 2**32. Previous versions of Python
|
|
|
|
were limited because the maximum argument size the Python VM accepted
|
|
|
|
was 2**16. This limited the size of object constructor expressions,
|
|
|
|
e.g. [1,2,3] or {'a':1, 'b':2}, and the size of source files. This
|
|
|
|
limit was raised thanks to a patch by Charles Waldman that effectively
|
|
|
|
fixes the problem. It is now much more likely that you will be
|
|
|
|
limited by available memory than by an arbitrary limit in Python.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The interpreter's maximum recursion depth can be modified by Python
|
|
|
|
programs using sys.getrecursionlimit and sys.setrecursionlimit. This
|
|
|
|
limit is the maximum number of recursive calls that can be made by
|
|
|
|
Python code. The limit exists to prevent infinite recursion from
|
|
|
|
overflowing the C stack and causing a core dump. The default value is
|
|
|
|
1000. The maximum safe value for a particular platform can be found
|
|
|
|
by running Misc/find_recursionlimit.py.
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Modules and Packages
|
|
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
atexit - for registering functions to be called when Python exits.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
imputil - Greg Stein's alternative API for writing custom import
|
|
|
|
hooks.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pyexpat - an interface to the Expat XML parser, contributed by Paul
|
|
|
|
Prescod.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
xml - a new package with XML support code organized (so far) in three
|
|
|
|
subpackages: xml.dom, xml.sax, and xml.parsers. Describing these
|
|
|
|
would fill a volume. There's a special feature whereby a
|
|
|
|
user-installed package named _xmlplus overrides the standard
|
|
|
|
xmlpackage; this is intended to give the XML SIG a hook to distribute
|
|
|
|
backwards-compatible updates to the standard xml package.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
webbrowser - a platform-independent API to launch a web browser.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 09:42:46 -03:00
|
|
|
Changed Modules
|
|
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
array -- new methods for array objects: count, extend, index, pop, and
|
|
|
|
remove
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
binascii -- new functions b2a_hex and a2b_hex that convert between
|
|
|
|
binary data and its hex representation
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
calendar -- Many new functions that support features including control
|
|
|
|
over which day of the week is the first day, returning strings instead
|
|
|
|
of printing them. Also new symbolic constants for days of week,
|
|
|
|
e.g. MONDAY, ..., SUNDAY.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cgi -- FieldStorage objects have a getvalue method that works like a
|
|
|
|
dictionary's get method and returns the value attribute of the object.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ConfigParser -- The parser object has new methods has_option,
|
|
|
|
remove_section, remove_option, set, and write. They allow the module
|
|
|
|
to be used for writing config files as well as reading them.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ftplib -- ntransfercmd(), transfercmd(), and retrbinary() all now
|
2000-09-05 09:42:46 -03:00
|
|
|
optionally support the RFC 959 REST command.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
gzip -- readline and readlines now accept optional size arguments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
httplib -- New interfaces and support for HTTP/1.1 by Greg Stein. See
|
|
|
|
the module doc strings for details.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
locale -- implement getdefaultlocale for Win32 and Macintosh
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
marshal -- no longer dumps core when marshaling deeply nested or
|
|
|
|
recursive data structures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
os -- new functions isatty, seteuid, setegid, setreuid, setregid
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
os/popen2 -- popen2/popen3/popen4 support under Windows. popen2/popen3
|
|
|
|
support under Unix.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
os/pty -- support for openpty and forkpty
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
os.path -- fix semantics of os.path.commonprefix
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
smtplib -- support for sending very long messages
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
socket -- new function getfqdn()
|
2000-09-05 09:42:46 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
readline -- new functions to read, write and truncate history files.
|
|
|
|
The readline section of the library reference manual contains an
|
|
|
|
example.
|
2000-09-05 12:34:16 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
select -- add interface to poll system call
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
shutil -- new copyfileobj function
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SimpleHTTPServer, CGIHTTPServer -- Fix problems with buffering in the
|
|
|
|
HTTP server.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
Tkinter -- optimization of function flatten
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
urllib -- scans environment variables for proxy configuration,
|
2000-09-05 17:15:25 -03:00
|
|
|
e.g. http_proxy.
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
whichdb -- recognizes dumbdbm format
|
2000-09-05 09:42:46 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Obsolete Modules
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
None. However note that 1.6 made a whole slew of modules obsolete:
|
|
|
|
stdwin, soundex, cml, cmpcache, dircache, dump, find, grep, packmail,
|
|
|
|
poly, zmod, strop, util, whatsound.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changed, New, Obsolete Tools
|
|
|
|
----------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 17:15:25 -03:00
|
|
|
None.
|
2000-09-05 09:42:46 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
C-level Changes
|
|
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Several cleanup jobs were carried out throughout the source code.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All C code was converted to ANSI C; we got rid of all uses of the
|
|
|
|
Py_PROTO() macro, which makes the header files a lot more readable.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Most of the portability hacks were moved to a new header file,
|
|
|
|
pyport.h; several other new header files were added and some old
|
|
|
|
header files were removed, in an attempt to create a more rational set
|
|
|
|
of header files. (Few of these ever need to be included explicitly;
|
|
|
|
they are all included by Python.h.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trent Mick ensured portability to 64-bit platforms, under both Linux
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
and Win64, especially for the new Intel Itanium processor. Mick also
|
|
|
|
added large file support for Linux64 and Win64.
|
2000-09-05 01:38:34 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
The C APIs to return an object's size have been update to consistently
|
|
|
|
use the form PyXXX_Size, e.g. PySequence_Size and PyDict_Size. In
|
|
|
|
previous versions, the abstract interfaces used PyXXX_Length and the
|
|
|
|
concrete interfaces used PyXXX_Size. The old names,
|
|
|
|
e.g. PyObject_Length, are still available for backwards compatibility
|
|
|
|
at the API level, but are deprecated.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
The PyOS_CheckStack function has been implemented on Windows by
|
|
|
|
Fredrik Lundh. It prevents Python from failing with a stack overflow
|
|
|
|
on Windows.
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The GC changes resulted in creation of two new slots on object,
|
|
|
|
tp_traverse and tp_clear. The augmented assignment changes result in
|
2000-09-06 10:02:08 -03:00
|
|
|
the creation of a new slot for each in-place operator.
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The GC API creates new requirements for container types implemented in
|
2000-09-06 10:02:08 -03:00
|
|
|
C extension modules. See Include/objimpl.h for details.
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
PyErr_Format has been updated to automatically calculate the size of
|
|
|
|
the buffer needed to hold the formatted result string. This change
|
|
|
|
prevents crashes caused by programmer error.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New C API calls: PyObject_AsFileDescriptor, PyErr_WriteUnraisable.
|
2000-09-05 15:28:54 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
PyRun_AnyFileEx, PyRun_SimpleFileEx, PyRun_FileEx -- New functions
|
|
|
|
that are the same as their non-Ex counterparts except they take an
|
|
|
|
extra flag argument that tells them to close the file when done.
|
2000-09-05 09:42:46 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:36:26 -03:00
|
|
|
XXX There were other API changes that should be fleshed out here.
|
1998-08-10 19:01:13 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 17:15:25 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Windows Changes
|
|
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New popen2/popen3/peopen4 in os module (see Changed Modules above).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
os.popen is much more usable on Windows 95 and 98. See Microsoft
|
|
|
|
Knowledge Base article Q150956. The Win9x workaround described there
|
|
|
|
is implemented by the new w9xpopen.exe helper in the root of your
|
|
|
|
Python installation. Note that Python uses this internally; it is not
|
|
|
|
a standalone program.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Administrator privileges are no longer required to install Python
|
|
|
|
on Windows NT or Windows 2000. If you have administrator privileges,
|
|
|
|
Python's registry info will be written under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE.
|
|
|
|
Otherwise the installer backs off to writing Python's registry info
|
2000-09-06 10:02:08 -03:00
|
|
|
under HKEY_CURRENT_USER. The latter is sufficient for all "normal"
|
2000-09-05 17:15:25 -03:00
|
|
|
uses of Python, but will prevent some advanced uses from working
|
|
|
|
(for example, running a Python script as an NT service, or possibly
|
|
|
|
from CGI).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[This was new in 1.6] The installer no longer runs a separate Tcl/Tk
|
|
|
|
installer; instead, it installs the needed Tcl/Tk files directly in the
|
|
|
|
Python directory. If you already have a Tcl/Tk installation, this
|
|
|
|
wastes some disk space (about 4 Megs) but avoids problems with
|
|
|
|
conflicting Tcl/Tk installations, and makes it much easier for Python
|
|
|
|
to ensure that Tcl/Tk can find all its files.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[This was new in 1.6] The Windows installer now installs by default in
|
|
|
|
\Python20\ on the default volume, instead of \Program Files\Python-2.0\.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-26 08:16:10 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Updates to the changes between 1.5.2 and 1.6
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The 1.6 NEWS file can't be changed after the release is done, so here
|
|
|
|
is some late-breaking news:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New APIs in locale.py: normalize(), getdefaultlocale(), resetlocale(),
|
|
|
|
and changes to getlocale() and setlocale().
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The new module is now enabled per default.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It is not true that the encodings codecs cannot be used for normal
|
|
|
|
strings: the string.encode() (which is also present on 8-bit strings
|
|
|
|
!) allows using them for 8-bit strings too, e.g. to convert files from
|
|
|
|
cp1252 (Windows) to latin-1 or vice-versa.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japanese codecs are available from Tamito KAJIYAMA:
|
|
|
|
http://pseudo.grad.sccs.chukyo-u.ac.jp/~kajiyama/python/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1997-12-11 16:35:47 -04:00
|
|
|
======================================================================
|