cpython/Lib/compiler/pycodegen.py

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import os
import marshal
import stat
import struct
import types
from cStringIO import StringIO
from compiler import ast, parse, walk
from compiler import pyassem, misc
from compiler.pyassem import CO_VARARGS, CO_VARKEYWORDS, TupleArg
callfunc_opcode_info = {
# (Have *args, Have **args) : opcode
(0,0) : "CALL_FUNCTION",
(1,0) : "CALL_FUNCTION_VAR",
(0,1) : "CALL_FUNCTION_KW",
(1,1) : "CALL_FUNCTION_VAR_KW",
}
def compile(filename):
f = open(filename)
buf = f.read()
f.close()
mod = Module(buf, filename)
mod.compile()
f = open(filename + "c", "wb")
mod.dump(f)
f.close()
class Module:
def __init__(self, source, filename):
self.filename = filename
self.source = source
self.code = None
def compile(self):
ast = parse(self.source)
root, filename = os.path.split(self.filename)
gen = ModuleCodeGenerator(filename)
walk(ast, gen, 1)
self.code = gen.getCode()
def dump(self, f):
f.write(self.getPycHeader())
marshal.dump(self.code, f)
MAGIC = (20121 | (ord('\r')<<16) | (ord('\n')<<24))
def getPycHeader(self):
# compile.c uses marshal to write a long directly, with
# calling the interface that would also generate a 1-byte code
# to indicate the type of the value. simplest way to get the
# same effect is to call marshal and then skip the code.
magic = marshal.dumps(self.MAGIC)[1:]
mtime = os.stat(self.filename)[stat.ST_MTIME]
mtime = struct.pack('i', mtime)
return magic + mtime
class CodeGenerator:
optimized = 0 # is namespace access optimized?
def __init__(self, filename):
## Subclasses must define a constructor that intializes self.graph
## before calling this init function
## self.graph = pyassem.PyFlowGraph()
self.filename = filename
self.locals = misc.Stack()
self.loops = misc.Stack()
self.curStack = 0
self.maxStack = 0
self._setupGraphDelegation()
def _setupGraphDelegation(self):
self.emit = self.graph.emit
self.newBlock = self.graph.newBlock
self.startBlock = self.graph.startBlock
self.nextBlock = self.graph.nextBlock
self.setDocstring = self.graph.setDocstring
def getCode(self):
"""Return a code object"""
return self.graph.getCode()
# Next five methods handle name access
def isLocalName(self, name):
return self.locals.top().has_elt(name)
def storeName(self, name):
self._nameOp('STORE', name)
def loadName(self, name):
self._nameOp('LOAD', name)
def delName(self, name):
self._nameOp('DELETE', name)
def _nameOp(self, prefix, name):
if not self.optimized:
self.emit(prefix + '_NAME', name)
return
if self.isLocalName(name):
self.emit(prefix + '_FAST', name)
else:
self.emit(prefix + '_GLOBAL', name)
# The first few visitor methods handle nodes that generator new
# code objects
def visitModule(self, node):
lnf = walk(node.node, LocalNameFinder(), 0)
self.locals.push(lnf.getLocals())
self.setDocstring(node.doc)
self.visit(node.node)
self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
self.emit('RETURN_VALUE')
def visitFunction(self, node):
self._visitFuncOrLambda(node, isLambda=0)
self.storeName(node.name)
def visitLambda(self, node):
self._visitFuncOrLambda(node, isLambda=1)
## self.storeName("<lambda>")
def _visitFuncOrLambda(self, node, isLambda):
gen = FunctionCodeGenerator(node, self.filename, isLambda)
walk(node.code, gen)
gen.finish()
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
for default in node.defaults:
self.visit(default)
self.emit('LOAD_CONST', gen.getCode())
self.emit('MAKE_FUNCTION', len(node.defaults))
def visitClass(self, node):
gen = ClassCodeGenerator(node, self.filename)
walk(node.code, gen)
gen.finish()
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.emit('LOAD_CONST', node.name)
for base in node.bases:
self.visit(base)
self.emit('BUILD_TUPLE', len(node.bases))
self.emit('LOAD_CONST', gen.getCode())
self.emit('MAKE_FUNCTION', 0)
self.emit('CALL_FUNCTION', 0)
self.emit('BUILD_CLASS')
self.storeName(node.name)
# The rest are standard visitor methods
# The next few implement control-flow statements
def visitIf(self, node):
end = self.newBlock()
numtests = len(node.tests)
for i in range(numtests):
test, suite = node.tests[i]
if hasattr(test, 'lineno'):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', test.lineno)
self.visit(test)
## if i == numtests - 1 and not node.else_:
## nextTest = end
## else:
## nextTest = self.newBlock()
nextTest = self.newBlock()
self.emit('JUMP_IF_FALSE', nextTest)
self.nextBlock()
self.emit('POP_TOP')
self.visit(suite)
self.emit('JUMP_FORWARD', end)
self.nextBlock(nextTest)
self.emit('POP_TOP')
if node.else_:
self.visit(node.else_)
self.nextBlock(end)
def visitWhile(self, node):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
loop = self.newBlock()
else_ = self.newBlock()
after = self.newBlock()
self.emit('SETUP_LOOP', after)
self.nextBlock(loop)
self.loops.push(loop)
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.visit(node.test)
self.emit('JUMP_IF_FALSE', else_ or after)
self.nextBlock()
self.emit('POP_TOP')
self.visit(node.body)
self.emit('JUMP_ABSOLUTE', loop)
self.startBlock(else_) # or just the POPs if not else clause
self.emit('POP_TOP')
self.emit('POP_BLOCK')
if node.else_:
self.visit(node.else_)
self.loops.pop()
self.nextBlock(after)
def visitFor(self, node):
start = self.newBlock()
anchor = self.newBlock()
after = self.newBlock()
self.loops.push(start)
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.emit('SETUP_LOOP', after)
self.visit(node.list)
self.visit(ast.Const(0))
self.nextBlock(start)
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.emit('FOR_LOOP', anchor)
self.visit(node.assign)
self.visit(node.body)
self.emit('JUMP_ABSOLUTE', start)
self.nextBlock(anchor)
self.emit('POP_BLOCK')
if node.else_:
self.visit(node.else_)
self.loops.pop()
self.nextBlock(after)
def visitBreak(self, node):
if not self.loops:
raise SyntaxError, "'break' outside loop (%s, %d)" % \
(self.filename, node.lineno)
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.emit('BREAK_LOOP')
def visitContinue(self, node):
if not self.loops:
raise SyntaxError, "'continue' outside loop (%s, %d)" % \
(self.filename, node.lineno)
l = self.loops.top()
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.emit('JUMP_ABSOLUTE', l)
self.nextBlock()
def visitTest(self, node, jump):
end = self.newBlock()
for child in node.nodes[:-1]:
self.visit(child)
self.emit(jump, end)
self.nextBlock()
self.emit('POP_TOP')
self.visit(node.nodes[-1])
self.nextBlock(end)
def visitAnd(self, node):
self.visitTest(node, 'JUMP_IF_FALSE')
def visitOr(self, node):
self.visitTest(node, 'JUMP_IF_TRUE')
def visitCompare(self, node):
self.visit(node.expr)
cleanup = self.newBlock()
for op, code in node.ops[:-1]:
self.visit(code)
self.emit('DUP_TOP')
self.emit('ROT_THREE')
self.emit('COMPARE_OP', op)
self.emit('JUMP_IF_FALSE', cleanup)
self.nextBlock()
self.emit('POP_TOP')
# now do the last comparison
if node.ops:
op, code = node.ops[-1]
self.visit(code)
self.emit('COMPARE_OP', op)
if len(node.ops) > 1:
end = self.newBlock()
self.emit('JUMP_FORWARD', end)
self.nextBlock(cleanup)
self.emit('ROT_TWO')
self.emit('POP_TOP')
self.nextBlock(end)
# exception related
def visitAssert(self, node):
# XXX would be interesting to implement this via a
# transformation of the AST before this stage
end = self.newBlock()
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
# XXX __debug__ and AssertionError appear to be special cases
# -- they are always loaded as globals even if there are local
# names. I guess this is a sort of renaming op.
self.emit('LOAD_GLOBAL', '__debug__')
self.emit('JUMP_IF_FALSE', end)
self.nextBlock()
self.emit('POP_TOP')
self.visit(node.test)
self.emit('JUMP_IF_TRUE', end)
self.nextBlock()
self.emit('LOAD_GLOBAL', 'AssertionError')
self.visit(node.fail)
self.emit('RAISE_VARARGS', 2)
self.nextBlock(end)
self.emit('POP_TOP')
def visitRaise(self, node):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
n = 0
if node.expr1:
self.visit(node.expr1)
n = n + 1
if node.expr2:
self.visit(node.expr2)
n = n + 1
if node.expr3:
self.visit(node.expr3)
n = n + 1
self.emit('RAISE_VARARGS', n)
def visitTryExcept(self, node):
handlers = self.newBlock()
end = self.newBlock()
if node.else_:
lElse = self.newBlock()
else:
lElse = end
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.emit('SETUP_EXCEPT', handlers)
self.visit(node.body)
self.emit('POP_BLOCK')
self.emit('JUMP_FORWARD', lElse)
self.nextBlock(handlers)
last = len(node.handlers) - 1
for i in range(len(node.handlers)):
expr, target, body = node.handlers[i]
if hasattr(expr, 'lineno'):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', expr.lineno)
if expr:
self.emit('DUP_TOP')
self.visit(expr)
self.emit('COMPARE_OP', 'exception match')
next = self.newBlock()
self.emit('JUMP_IF_FALSE', next)
self.nextBlock()
self.emit('POP_TOP')
self.emit('POP_TOP')
if target:
self.visit(target)
else:
self.emit('POP_TOP')
self.emit('POP_TOP')
self.visit(body)
self.emit('JUMP_FORWARD', end)
if expr:
self.nextBlock(next)
self.emit('POP_TOP')
self.emit('END_FINALLY')
if node.else_:
self.nextBlock(lElse)
self.visit(node.else_)
self.nextBlock(end)
def visitTryFinally(self, node):
final = self.newBlock()
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.emit('SETUP_FINALLY', final)
self.visit(node.body)
self.emit('POP_BLOCK')
self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
self.nextBlock(final)
self.visit(node.final)
self.emit('END_FINALLY')
# misc
## def visitStmt(self, node):
## # nothing to do except walk the children
## pass
def visitDiscard(self, node):
self.visit(node.expr)
self.emit('POP_TOP')
def visitConst(self, node):
self.emit('LOAD_CONST', node.value)
def visitKeyword(self, node):
self.emit('LOAD_CONST', node.name)
self.visit(node.expr)
def visitGlobal(self, node):
# no code to generate
pass
def visitName(self, node):
self.loadName(node.name)
def visitPass(self, node):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
def visitImport(self, node):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
for name in node.names:
self.emit('IMPORT_NAME', name)
self.storeName(name)
def visitFrom(self, node):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.emit('IMPORT_NAME', node.modname)
for name in node.names:
if name == '*':
self.namespace = 0
self.emit('IMPORT_FROM', name)
self.emit('POP_TOP')
def visitGetattr(self, node):
self.visit(node.expr)
self.emit('LOAD_ATTR', node.attrname)
# next five implement assignments
def visitAssign(self, node):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.visit(node.expr)
dups = len(node.nodes) - 1
for i in range(len(node.nodes)):
elt = node.nodes[i]
if i < dups:
self.emit('DUP_TOP')
if isinstance(elt, ast.Node):
self.visit(elt)
def visitAssName(self, node):
if node.flags == 'OP_ASSIGN':
self.storeName(node.name)
elif node.flags == 'OP_DELETE':
self.delName(node.name)
else:
print "oops", node.flags
def visitAssAttr(self, node):
self.visit(node.expr)
if node.flags == 'OP_ASSIGN':
self.emit('STORE_ATTR', node.attrname)
elif node.flags == 'OP_DELETE':
self.emit('DELETE_ATTR', node.attrname)
else:
print "warning: unexpected flags:", node.flags
print node
def visitAssTuple(self, node):
if findOp(node) != 'OP_DELETE':
self.emit('UNPACK_TUPLE', len(node.nodes))
for child in node.nodes:
self.visit(child)
visitAssList = visitAssTuple
def visitExec(self, node):
self.visit(node.expr)
if node.locals is None:
self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
else:
self.visit(node.locals)
if node.globals is None:
self.emit('DUP_TOP')
else:
self.visit(node.globals)
self.emit('EXEC_STMT')
def visitCallFunc(self, node):
pos = 0
kw = 0
if hasattr(node, 'lineno'):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.visit(node.node)
for arg in node.args:
self.visit(arg)
if isinstance(arg, ast.Keyword):
kw = kw + 1
else:
pos = pos + 1
if node.star_args is not None:
self.visit(node.star_args)
if node.dstar_args is not None:
self.visit(node.dstar_args)
have_star = node.star_args is not None
have_dstar = node.dstar_args is not None
opcode = callfunc_opcode_info[have_star, have_dstar]
self.emit(opcode, kw << 8 | pos)
def visitPrint(self, node):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
for child in node.nodes:
self.visit(child)
self.emit('PRINT_ITEM')
def visitPrintnl(self, node):
self.visitPrint(node)
self.emit('PRINT_NEWLINE')
def visitReturn(self, node):
self.emit('SET_LINENO', node.lineno)
self.visit(node.value)
self.emit('RETURN_VALUE')
# slice and subscript stuff
def visitSlice(self, node):
self.visit(node.expr)
slice = 0
if node.lower:
self.visit(node.lower)
slice = slice | 1
if node.upper:
self.visit(node.upper)
slice = slice | 2
if node.flags == 'OP_APPLY':
self.emit('SLICE+%d' % slice)
elif node.flags == 'OP_ASSIGN':
self.emit('STORE_SLICE+%d' % slice)
elif node.flags == 'OP_DELETE':
self.emit('DELETE_SLICE+%d' % slice)
else:
print "weird slice", node.flags
raise
def visitSubscript(self, node):
self.visit(node.expr)
for sub in node.subs:
self.visit(sub)
if len(node.subs) > 1:
self.emit('BUILD_TUPLE', len(node.subs))
if node.flags == 'OP_APPLY':
self.emit('BINARY_SUBSCR')
elif node.flags == 'OP_ASSIGN':
self.emit('STORE_SUBSCR')
elif node.flags == 'OP_DELETE':
self.emit('DELETE_SUBSCR')
# binary ops
def binaryOp(self, node, op):
self.visit(node.left)
self.visit(node.right)
self.emit(op)
def visitAdd(self, node):
return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_ADD')
def visitSub(self, node):
return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_SUBTRACT')
def visitMul(self, node):
return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_MULTIPLY')
def visitDiv(self, node):
return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_DIVIDE')
def visitMod(self, node):
return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_MODULO')
def visitPower(self, node):
return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_POWER')
def visitLeftShift(self, node):
return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_LSHIFT')
def visitRightShift(self, node):
return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_RSHIFT')
# unary ops
def unaryOp(self, node, op):
self.visit(node.expr)
self.emit(op)
def visitInvert(self, node):
return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_INVERT')
def visitUnarySub(self, node):
return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_NEGATIVE')
def visitUnaryAdd(self, node):
return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_POSITIVE')
def visitUnaryInvert(self, node):
return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_INVERT')
def visitNot(self, node):
return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_NOT')
def visitBackquote(self, node):
return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_CONVERT')
# bit ops
def bitOp(self, nodes, op):
self.visit(nodes[0])
for node in nodes[1:]:
self.visit(node)
self.emit(op)
def visitBitand(self, node):
return self.bitOp(node.nodes, 'BINARY_AND')
def visitBitor(self, node):
return self.bitOp(node.nodes, 'BINARY_OR')
def visitBitxor(self, node):
return self.bitOp(node.nodes, 'BINARY_XOR')
# object constructors
def visitEllipsis(self, node):
self.emit('LOAD_CONST', Ellipsis)
def visitTuple(self, node):
for elt in node.nodes:
self.visit(elt)
self.emit('BUILD_TUPLE', len(node.nodes))
def visitList(self, node):
for elt in node.nodes:
self.visit(elt)
self.emit('BUILD_LIST', len(node.nodes))
def visitSliceobj(self, node):
for child in node.nodes:
self.visit(child)
self.emit('BUILD_SLICE', len(node.nodes))
def visitDict(self, node):
# XXX is this a good general strategy? could it be done
# separately from the general visitor
lineno = getattr(node, 'lineno', None)
if lineno:
self.emit('SET_LINENO', lineno)
self.emit('BUILD_MAP', 0)
for k, v in node.items:
lineno2 = getattr(node, 'lineno', None)
if lineno != lineno2:
self.emit('SET_LINENO', lineno2)
lineno = lineno2
self.emit('DUP_TOP')
self.visit(v)
self.emit('ROT_TWO')
self.visit(k)
self.emit('STORE_SUBSCR')
class ModuleCodeGenerator(CodeGenerator):
super_init = CodeGenerator.__init__
def __init__(self, filename):
# XXX <module> is ? in compile.c
self.graph = pyassem.PyFlowGraph("<module>", filename)
self.super_init(filename)
class FunctionCodeGenerator(CodeGenerator):
super_init = CodeGenerator.__init__
optimized = 1
lambdaCount = 0
def __init__(self, func, filename, isLambda=0):
if isLambda:
klass = FunctionCodeGenerator
name = "<lambda.%d>" % klass.lambdaCount
klass.lambdaCount = klass.lambdaCount + 1
else:
name = func.name
args, hasTupleArg = generateArgList(func.argnames)
self.graph = pyassem.PyFlowGraph(name, filename, args,
optimized=1)
self.isLambda = isLambda
self.super_init(filename)
lnf = walk(func.code, LocalNameFinder(args), 0)
self.locals.push(lnf.getLocals())
if func.varargs:
self.graph.setFlag(CO_VARARGS)
if func.kwargs:
self.graph.setFlag(CO_VARKEYWORDS)
self.emit('SET_LINENO', func.lineno)
if hasTupleArg:
self.generateArgUnpack(func.argnames)
def finish(self):
self.graph.startExitBlock()
if not self.isLambda:
self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
self.emit('RETURN_VALUE')
def generateArgUnpack(self, args):
count = 0
for arg in args:
if type(arg) == types.TupleType:
self.emit('LOAD_FAST', '.nested%d' % count)
count = count + 1
self.unpackTuple(arg)
def unpackTuple(self, tup):
self.emit('UNPACK_TUPLE', len(tup))
for elt in tup:
if type(elt) == types.TupleType:
self.unpackTuple(elt)
else:
self.emit('STORE_FAST', elt)
class ClassCodeGenerator(CodeGenerator):
super_init = CodeGenerator.__init__
def __init__(self, klass, filename):
self.graph = pyassem.PyFlowGraph(klass.name, filename,
optimized=0)
self.super_init(filename)
lnf = walk(klass.code, LocalNameFinder(), 0)
self.locals.push(lnf.getLocals())
def finish(self):
self.graph.startExitBlock()
self.emit('LOAD_LOCALS')
self.emit('RETURN_VALUE')
def generateArgList(arglist):
"""Generate an arg list marking TupleArgs"""
args = []
extra = []
count = 0
for elt in arglist:
if type(elt) == types.StringType:
args.append(elt)
elif type(elt) == types.TupleType:
args.append(TupleArg(count, elt))
count = count + 1
extra.extend(misc.flatten(elt))
else:
raise ValueError, "unexpect argument type:", elt
return args + extra, count
class LocalNameFinder:
"""Find local names in scope"""
def __init__(self, names=()):
self.names = misc.Set()
self.globals = misc.Set()
for name in names:
self.names.add(name)
def getLocals(self):
for elt in self.globals.elements():
if self.names.has_elt(elt):
self.names.remove(elt)
return self.names
def visitDict(self, node):
pass
def visitGlobal(self, node):
for name in node.names:
self.globals.add(name)
def visitFunction(self, node):
self.names.add(node.name)
def visitLambda(self, node):
pass
def visitImport(self, node):
for name in node.names:
self.names.add(name)
def visitFrom(self, node):
for name in node.names:
self.names.add(name)
def visitClass(self, node):
self.names.add(node.name)
def visitAssName(self, node):
self.names.add(node.name)
def findOp(node):
"""Find the op (DELETE, LOAD, STORE) in an AssTuple tree"""
v = OpFinder()
walk(node, v, 0)
return v.op
class OpFinder:
def __init__(self):
self.op = None
def visitAssName(self, node):
if self.op is None:
self.op = node.flags
elif self.op != node.flags:
raise ValueError, "mixed ops in stmt"
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
for file in sys.argv[1:]:
compile(file)