px4-firmware/EKF/mag_control.cpp

355 lines
11 KiB
C++

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* Copyright (c) 2019 Estimation and Control Library (ECL). All rights reserved.
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/**
* @file mag_control.cpp
* Control functions for ekf magnetic field fusion
*/
#include "ekf.h"
#include <mathlib/mathlib.h>
void Ekf::controlMagFusion()
{
updateMagFilter();
checkMagFieldStrength();
// If we are on ground, store the local position and time to use as a reference
// Also reset the flight alignment flag so that the mag fields will be re-initialised next time we achieve flight altitude
if (!_control_status.flags.in_air) {
_last_on_ground_posD = _state.pos(2);
_control_status.flags.mag_aligned_in_flight = false;
_num_bad_flight_yaw_events = 0;
}
if ((_params.mag_fusion_type >= MAG_FUSE_TYPE_NONE)
|| _control_status.flags.mag_fault
|| !_control_status.flags.yaw_align) {
stopMagFusion();
return;
}
if (canRunMagFusion()) {
if (_control_status.flags.in_air) {
checkHaglYawResetReq();
runInAirYawReset();
runVelPosReset();
} else {
runOnGroundYawReset();
}
// Determine if we should use simple magnetic heading fusion which works better when
// there are large external disturbances or the more accurate 3-axis fusion
switch (_params.mag_fusion_type) {
case MAG_FUSE_TYPE_AUTO:
selectMagAuto();
break;
case MAG_FUSE_TYPE_INDOOR:
/* fallthrough */
case MAG_FUSE_TYPE_HEADING:
startMagHdgFusion();
break;
case MAG_FUSE_TYPE_3D:
startMag3DFusion();
break;
default:
selectMagAuto();
break;
}
checkMagDeclRequired();
checkMagInhibition();
runMagAndMagDeclFusions();
}
}
void Ekf::updateMagFilter()
{
if (_mag_data_ready) {
_mag_lpf.update(_mag_sample_delayed.mag);
}
}
bool Ekf::canRunMagFusion() const
{
// check for new magnetometer data that has fallen behind the fusion time horizon
// If we are using external vision data or GPS-heading for heading then no magnetometer fusion is used
return !_control_status.flags.ev_yaw && !_control_status.flags.gps_yaw && _mag_data_ready;
}
void Ekf::checkHaglYawResetReq()
{
// We need to reset the yaw angle after climbing away from the ground to enable
// recovery from ground level magnetic interference.
if (!_control_status.flags.mag_aligned_in_flight) {
// Check if height has increased sufficiently to be away from ground magnetic anomalies
// and request a yaw reset if not already requested.
static constexpr float mag_anomalies_max_hagl = 1.5f;
const bool above_mag_anomalies = (getTerrainVPos() - _state.pos(2)) > mag_anomalies_max_hagl;
_mag_yaw_reset_req = _mag_yaw_reset_req || above_mag_anomalies;
}
}
float Ekf::getTerrainVPos() const
{
return isTerrainEstimateValid() ? _terrain_vpos : _last_on_ground_posD;
}
void Ekf::runOnGroundYawReset()
{
if (_mag_yaw_reset_req && isYawResetAuthorized()) {
const bool has_realigned_yaw = canResetMagHeading()
? resetMagHeading(_mag_lpf.getState())
: false;
_mag_yaw_reset_req = !has_realigned_yaw;
}
}
bool Ekf::isYawResetAuthorized() const
{
return !_mag_use_inhibit;
}
bool Ekf::canResetMagHeading() const
{
return !isStrongMagneticDisturbance();
}
void Ekf::runInAirYawReset()
{
if (_mag_yaw_reset_req && isYawResetAuthorized()) {
bool has_realigned_yaw = false;
if (canRealignYawUsingGps()) { has_realigned_yaw = realignYawGPS(); }
else if (canResetMagHeading()) { has_realigned_yaw = resetMagHeading(_mag_lpf.getState()); }
_mag_yaw_reset_req = !has_realigned_yaw;
_control_status.flags.mag_aligned_in_flight = has_realigned_yaw;
}
}
bool Ekf::canRealignYawUsingGps() const
{
return _control_status.flags.fixed_wing;
}
void Ekf::runVelPosReset()
{
if (_velpos_reset_request) {
resetVelocity();
resetPosition();
_velpos_reset_request = false;
}
}
void Ekf::selectMagAuto()
{
check3DMagFusionSuitability();
canUse3DMagFusion() ? startMag3DFusion() : startMagHdgFusion();
}
void Ekf::check3DMagFusionSuitability()
{
checkYawAngleObservability();
checkMagBiasObservability();
if (isMagBiasObservable() || isYawAngleObservable()) {
_time_last_mov_3d_mag_suitable = _imu_sample_delayed.time_us;
}
}
void Ekf::checkYawAngleObservability()
{
// Check if there has been enough change in horizontal velocity to make yaw observable
// Apply hysteresis to check to avoid rapid toggling
_yaw_angle_observable = _yaw_angle_observable
? _accel_lpf_NE.norm() > _params.mag_acc_gate
: _accel_lpf_NE.norm() > 2.0f * _params.mag_acc_gate;
_yaw_angle_observable = _yaw_angle_observable
&& (_control_status.flags.gps || _control_status.flags.ev_pos); // Do we have to add ev_vel here?
}
void Ekf::checkMagBiasObservability()
{
// check if there is enough yaw rotation to make the mag bias states observable
if (!_mag_bias_observable && (fabsf(_yaw_rate_lpf_ef) > _params.mag_yaw_rate_gate)) {
// initial yaw motion is detected
_mag_bias_observable = true;
} else if (_mag_bias_observable) {
// require sustained yaw motion of 50% the initial yaw rate threshold
const float yaw_dt = 1e-6f * (float)(_imu_sample_delayed.time_us - _time_yaw_started);
const float min_yaw_change_req = 0.5f * _params.mag_yaw_rate_gate * yaw_dt;
_mag_bias_observable = fabsf(_yaw_delta_ef) > min_yaw_change_req;
}
_yaw_delta_ef = 0.0f;
_time_yaw_started = _imu_sample_delayed.time_us;
}
bool Ekf::isYawAngleObservable() const
{
return _yaw_angle_observable;
}
bool Ekf::isMagBiasObservable() const
{
return _mag_bias_observable;
}
bool Ekf::canUse3DMagFusion() const
{
// Use of 3D fusion requires an in-air heading alignment but it should not
// be used when the heading and mag biases are not observable for more than 2 seconds
return _control_status.flags.mag_aligned_in_flight
&& ((_imu_sample_delayed.time_us - _time_last_mov_3d_mag_suitable) < (uint64_t)2e6);
}
void Ekf::checkMagDeclRequired()
{
// if we are using 3-axis magnetometer fusion, but without external NE aiding,
// then the declination must be fused as an observation to prevent long term heading drift
// fusing declination when gps aiding is available is optional, but recommended to prevent
// problem if the vehicle is static for extended periods of time
const bool user_selected = (_params.mag_declination_source & MASK_FUSE_DECL);
const bool not_using_ne_aiding = !_control_status.flags.gps;
_control_status.flags.mag_dec = (_control_status.flags.mag_3D && (not_using_ne_aiding || user_selected));
}
void Ekf::checkMagInhibition()
{
_mag_use_inhibit = shouldInhibitMag();
if (!_mag_use_inhibit) {
_mag_use_not_inhibit_us = _imu_sample_delayed.time_us;
}
// If magnetometer use has been inhibited continuously then a yaw reset is required for a valid heading
if (uint32_t(_imu_sample_delayed.time_us - _mag_use_not_inhibit_us) > (uint32_t)5e6) {
_mag_inhibit_yaw_reset_req = true;
}
}
bool Ekf::shouldInhibitMag() const
{
// If the user has selected auto protection against indoor magnetic field errors, only use the magnetometer
// if a yaw angle relative to true North is required for navigation. If no GPS or other earth frame aiding
// is available, assume that we are operating indoors and the magnetometer should not be used.
// Also inhibit mag fusion when a strong magnetic field interference is detected
const bool user_selected = (_params.mag_fusion_type == MAG_FUSE_TYPE_INDOOR);
const bool heading_not_required_for_navigation = !_control_status.flags.gps
&& !_control_status.flags.ev_pos
&& !_control_status.flags.ev_vel;
return (user_selected && heading_not_required_for_navigation)
|| isStrongMagneticDisturbance();
}
void Ekf::checkMagFieldStrength()
{
if (_params.check_mag_strength) {
_control_status.flags.mag_field_disturbed = _NED_origin_initialised
? !isMeasuredMatchingGpsMagStrength()
: !isMeasuredMatchingAverageMagStrength();
} else {
_control_status.flags.mag_field_disturbed = false;
}
}
bool Ekf::isStrongMagneticDisturbance() const
{
return _control_status.flags.mag_field_disturbed;
}
bool Ekf::isMeasuredMatchingGpsMagStrength() const
{
constexpr float wmm_gate_size = 0.2f; // +/- Gauss
return isMeasuredMatchingExpected(_mag_sample_delayed.mag.length(), _mag_strength_gps, wmm_gate_size);
}
bool Ekf::isMeasuredMatchingAverageMagStrength() const
{
constexpr float average_earth_mag_field_strength = 0.45f; // Gauss
constexpr float average_earth_mag_gate_size = 0.40f; // +/- Gauss
return isMeasuredMatchingExpected(_mag_sample_delayed.mag.length(),
average_earth_mag_field_strength,
average_earth_mag_gate_size);
}
bool Ekf::isMeasuredMatchingExpected(const float measured, const float expected, const float gate)
{
return (measured >= expected - gate)
&& (measured <= expected + gate);
}
void Ekf::runMagAndMagDeclFusions()
{
if (_control_status.flags.mag_3D) {
run3DMagAndDeclFusions();
} else if (_control_status.flags.mag_hdg) {
fuseHeading();
}
}
void Ekf::run3DMagAndDeclFusions()
{
if (!_mag_decl_cov_reset) {
// After any magnetic field covariance reset event the earth field state
// covariances need to be corrected to incorporate knowledge of the declination
// before fusing magnetomer data to prevent rapid rotation of the earth field
// states for the first few observations.
fuseDeclination(0.02f);
_mag_decl_cov_reset = true;
fuseMag();
} else {
// The normal sequence is to fuse the magnetometer data first before fusing
// declination angle at a higher uncertainty to allow some learning of
// declination angle over time.
fuseMag();
if (_control_status.flags.mag_dec) {
fuseDeclination(0.5f);
}
}
}