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cpython/Lib/trace.py

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#!/usr/bin/env python
# portions copyright 2001, Autonomous Zones Industries, Inc., all rights...
# err... reserved and offered to the public under the terms of the
# Python 2.2 license.
# Author: Zooko O'Whielacronx
# http://zooko.com/
# mailto:zooko@zooko.com
#
# Copyright 2000, Mojam Media, Inc., all rights reserved.
# Author: Skip Montanaro
#
# Copyright 1999, Bioreason, Inc., all rights reserved.
# Author: Andrew Dalke
#
# Copyright 1995-1997, Automatrix, Inc., all rights reserved.
# Author: Skip Montanaro
#
# Copyright 1991-1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, all rights reserved.
#
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this Python software and
# its associated documentation for any purpose without fee is hereby
# granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies,
# and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
# supporting documentation, and that the name of neither Automatrix,
# Bioreason or Mojam Media be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
# distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.
#
"""program/module to trace Python program or function execution
Sample use, command line:
trace.py -c -f counts --ignore-dir '$prefix' spam.py eggs
trace.py -t --ignore-dir '$prefix' spam.py eggs
Sample use, programmatically
# create a Trace object, telling it what to ignore, and whether to
# do tracing or line-counting or both.
trace = trace.Trace(ignoredirs=[sys.prefix, sys.exec_prefix,], trace=0,
count=1)
# run the new command using the given trace
trace.run(coverage.globaltrace, 'main()')
# make a report, telling it where you want output
r = trace.results()
r.write_results(show_missing=1)
"""
import sys, os, tempfile, types, copy, operator, inspect, exceptions, marshal
try:
import cPickle
pickle = cPickle
except ImportError:
import pickle
# DEBUG_MODE=1 # make this true to get printouts which help you understand what's going on
def usage(outfile):
outfile.write("""Usage: %s [OPTIONS] <file> [ARGS]
Meta-options:
--help Display this help then exit.
--version Output version information then exit.
Otherwise, exactly one of the following three options must be given:
-t, --trace Print each line to sys.stdout before it is executed.
-c, --count Count the number of times each line is executed
and write the counts to <module>.cover for each
module executed, in the module's directory.
See also `--coverdir', `--file', `--no-report' below.
-r, --report Generate a report from a counts file; do not execute
any code. `--file' must specify the results file to
read, which must have been created in a previous run
with `--count --file=FILE'.
Modifiers:
-f, --file=<file> File to accumulate counts over several runs.
-R, --no-report Do not generate the coverage report files.
Useful if you want to accumulate over several runs.
-C, --coverdir=<dir> Directory where the report files. The coverage
report for <package>.<module> is written to file
<dir>/<package>/<module>.cover.
-m, --missing Annotate executable lines that were not executed
with '>>>>>> '.
-s, --summary Write a brief summary on stdout for each file.
(Can only be used with --count or --report.)
Filters, may be repeated multiple times:
--ignore-module=<mod> Ignore the given module and its submodules
(if it is a package).
--ignore-dir=<dir> Ignore files in the given directory (multiple
directories can be joined by os.pathsep).
""" % sys.argv[0])
class Ignore:
def __init__(self, modules = None, dirs = None):
self._mods = modules or []
self._dirs = dirs or []
self._dirs = map(os.path.normpath, self._dirs)
self._ignore = { '<string>': 1 }
def names(self, filename, modulename):
if self._ignore.has_key(modulename):
return self._ignore[modulename]
# haven't seen this one before, so see if the module name is
# on the ignore list. Need to take some care since ignoring
# "cmp" musn't mean ignoring "cmpcache" but ignoring
# "Spam" must also mean ignoring "Spam.Eggs".
for mod in self._mods:
if mod == modulename: # Identical names, so ignore
self._ignore[modulename] = 1
return 1
# check if the module is a proper submodule of something on
# the ignore list
n = len(mod)
# (will not overflow since if the first n characters are the
# same and the name has not already occured, then the size
# of "name" is greater than that of "mod")
if mod == modulename[:n] and modulename[n] == '.':
self._ignore[modulename] = 1
return 1
# Now check that __file__ isn't in one of the directories
if filename is None:
# must be a built-in, so we must ignore
self._ignore[modulename] = 1
return 1
# Ignore a file when it contains one of the ignorable paths
for d in self._dirs:
# The '+ os.sep' is to ensure that d is a parent directory,
# as compared to cases like:
# d = "/usr/local"
# filename = "/usr/local.py"
# or
# d = "/usr/local.py"
# filename = "/usr/local.py"
if filename.startswith(d + os.sep):
self._ignore[modulename] = 1
return 1
# Tried the different ways, so we don't ignore this module
self._ignore[modulename] = 0
return 0
class CoverageResults:
def __init__(self, counts=None, calledfuncs=None, infile=None,
outfile=None):
self.counts = counts
if self.counts is None:
self.counts = {}
self.counter = self.counts.copy() # map (filename, lineno) to count
self.calledfuncs = calledfuncs
if self.calledfuncs is None:
self.calledfuncs = {}
self.calledfuncs = self.calledfuncs.copy()
self.infile = infile
self.outfile = outfile
if self.infile:
# try and merge existing counts file
try:
thingie = pickle.load(open(self.infile, 'r'))
if type(thingie) is types.DictType:
# backwards compatibility for old trace.py after
# Zooko touched it but before calledfuncs --Zooko
# 2001-10-24
self.update(self.__class__(thingie))
elif type(thingie) is types.TupleType and len(thingie) == 2:
counts, calledfuncs = thingie
self.update(self.__class__(counts, calledfuncs))
except (IOError, EOFError):
pass
except pickle.UnpicklingError:
# backwards compatibility for old trace.py before
# Zooko touched it --Zooko 2001-10-24
self.update(self.__class__(marshal.load(open(self.infile))))
def update(self, other):
"""Merge in the data from another CoverageResults"""
counts = self.counts
calledfuncs = self.calledfuncs
other_counts = other.counts
other_calledfuncs = other.calledfuncs
for key in other_counts.keys():
if key != 'calledfuncs':
# backwards compatibility for abortive attempt to
# stuff calledfuncs into self.counts, by Zooko
# --Zooko 2001-10-24
counts[key] = counts.get(key, 0) + other_counts[key]
for key in other_calledfuncs.keys():
calledfuncs[key] = 1
def write_results(self, show_missing = 1, summary = 0, coverdir = None):
"""
@param coverdir
"""
for filename, modulename, funcname in self.calledfuncs.keys():
print ("filename: %s, modulename: %s, funcname: %s"
% (filename, modulename, funcname))
import re
# turn the counts data ("(filename, lineno) = count") into something
# accessible on a per-file basis
per_file = {}
for thingie in self.counts.keys():
if thingie != "calledfuncs":
# backwards compatibility for abortive attempt to
# stuff calledfuncs into self.counts, by Zooko --Zooko
# 2001-10-24
filename, lineno = thingie
lines_hit = per_file[filename] = per_file.get(filename, {})
lines_hit[lineno] = self.counts[(filename, lineno)]
# there are many places where this is insufficient, like a blank
# line embedded in a multiline string.
blank = re.compile(r'^\s*(#.*)?$')
# accumulate summary info, if needed
sums = {}
# generate file paths for the coverage files we are going to write...
fnlist = []
tfdir = tempfile.gettempdir()
for key in per_file.keys():
filename = key
# skip some "files" we don't care about...
if filename == "<string>":
continue
# are these caused by code compiled using exec or something?
if filename.startswith(tfdir):
continue
modulename = inspect.getmodulename(filename)
if filename.endswith(".pyc") or filename.endswith(".pyo"):
filename = filename[:-1]
if coverdir:
thiscoverdir = coverdir
else:
thiscoverdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(filename))
# the code from here to "<<<" is the contents of the `fileutil.make_dirs()' function in the Mojo Nation project. --Zooko 2001-10-14
# http://cvs.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/mojonation/evil/common/fileutil.py?rev=HEAD&content-type=text/vnd.viewcvs-markup
tx = None
try:
os.makedirs(thiscoverdir)
except OSError, x:
tx = x
if not os.path.isdir(thiscoverdir):
if tx:
raise tx
raise exceptions.IOError, "unknown error prevented creation of directory: %s" % thiscoverdir # careful not to construct an IOError with a 2-tuple, as that has a special meaning...
# <<<
# build list file name by appending a ".cover" to the module name
# and sticking it into the specified directory
if "." in modulename:
# A module in a package
finalname = modulename.split(".")[-1]
listfilename = os.path.join(thiscoverdir, finalname + ".cover")
else:
listfilename = os.path.join(thiscoverdir, modulename + ".cover")
# Get the original lines from the .py file
try:
lines = open(filename, 'r').readlines()
except IOError, err:
sys.stderr.write("trace: Could not open %s for reading because: %s - skipping\n" % (`filename`, err))
continue
try:
outfile = open(listfilename, 'w')
except IOError, err:
sys.stderr.write(
'%s: Could not open %s for writing because: %s" \
"- skipping\n' % ("trace", `listfilename`, err))
continue
# If desired, get a list of the line numbers which represent
# executable content (returned as a dict for better lookup speed)
if show_missing:
executable_linenos = find_executable_linenos(filename)
else:
executable_linenos = {}
n_lines = 0
n_hits = 0
lines_hit = per_file[key]
for i in range(len(lines)):
line = lines[i]
# do the blank/comment match to try to mark more lines
# (help the reader find stuff that hasn't been covered)
if lines_hit.has_key(i+1):
# count precedes the lines that we captured
outfile.write('%5d: ' % lines_hit[i+1])
n_hits = n_hits + 1
n_lines = n_lines + 1
elif blank.match(line):
# blank lines and comments are preceded by dots
outfile.write(' . ')
else:
# lines preceded by no marks weren't hit
# Highlight them if so indicated, unless the line contains
# '#pragma: NO COVER' (it is possible to embed this into
# the text as a non-comment; no easy fix)
if executable_linenos.has_key(i+1) and \
lines[i].find(' '.join(['#pragma', 'NO COVER'])) == -1:
outfile.write('>>>>>> ')
else:
outfile.write(' '*7)
n_lines = n_lines + 1
outfile.write(lines[i].expandtabs(8))
outfile.close()
if summary and n_lines:
percent = int(100 * n_hits / n_lines)
sums[modulename] = n_lines, percent, modulename, filename
if summary and sums:
mods = sums.keys()
mods.sort()
print "lines cov% module (path)"
for m in mods:
n_lines, percent, modulename, filename = sums[m]
print "%5d %3d%% %s (%s)" % sums[m]
if self.outfile:
# try and store counts and module info into self.outfile
try:
pickle.dump((self.counts, self.calledfuncs),
open(self.outfile, 'w'), 1)
except IOError, err:
sys.stderr.write("cannot save counts files because %s" % err)
def _find_LINENO_from_code(code):
"""return the numbers of the lines containing the source code that
was compiled into code"""
linenos = {}
line_increments = [ord(c) for c in code.co_lnotab[1::2]]
table_length = len(line_increments)
lineno = code.co_firstlineno
for li in line_increments:
linenos[lineno] = 1
lineno += li
linenos[lineno] = 1
return linenos
def _find_LINENO(code):
"""return all of the lineno information from a code object"""
import types
# get all of the lineno information from the code of this scope level
linenos = _find_LINENO_from_code(code)
# and check the constants for references to other code objects
for c in code.co_consts:
if type(c) == types.CodeType:
# find another code object, so recurse into it
linenos.update(_find_LINENO(c))
return linenos
def find_executable_linenos(filename):
"""return a dict of the line numbers from executable statements in a file
"""
import parser
assert filename.endswith('.py')
prog = open(filename).read()
ast = parser.suite(prog)
code = parser.compileast(ast, filename)
return _find_LINENO(code)
### XXX because os.path.commonprefix seems broken by my way of thinking...
def commonprefix(dirs):
"Given a list of pathnames, returns the longest common leading component"
if not dirs: return ''
n = copy.copy(dirs)
for i in range(len(n)):
n[i] = n[i].split(os.sep)
prefix = n[0]
for item in n:
for i in range(len(prefix)):
if prefix[:i+1] <> item[:i+1]:
prefix = prefix[:i]
if i == 0: return ''
break
return os.sep.join(prefix)
class Trace:
def __init__(self, count=1, trace=1, countfuncs=0, ignoremods=(),
ignoredirs=(), infile=None, outfile=None):
"""
@param count true iff it should count number of times each
line is executed
@param trace true iff it should print out each line that is
being counted
@param countfuncs true iff it should just output a list of
(filename, modulename, funcname,) for functions
that were called at least once; This overrides
`count' and `trace'
@param ignoremods a list of the names of modules to ignore
@param ignoredirs a list of the names of directories to ignore
all of the (recursive) contents of
@param infile file from which to read stored counts to be
added into the results
@param outfile file in which to write the results
"""
self.infile = infile
self.outfile = outfile
self.ignore = Ignore(ignoremods, ignoredirs)
self.counts = {} # keys are (filename, linenumber)
self.blabbed = {} # for debugging
self.pathtobasename = {} # for memoizing os.path.basename
self.donothing = 0
self.trace = trace
self._calledfuncs = {}
if countfuncs:
self.globaltrace = self.globaltrace_countfuncs
elif trace and count:
self.globaltrace = self.globaltrace_lt
self.localtrace = self.localtrace_trace_and_count
elif trace:
self.globaltrace = self.globaltrace_lt
self.localtrace = self.localtrace_trace
elif count:
self.globaltrace = self.globaltrace_lt
self.localtrace = self.localtrace_count
else:
# Ahem -- do nothing? Okay.
self.donothing = 1
def run(self, cmd):
import __main__
dict = __main__.__dict__
if not self.donothing:
sys.settrace(self.globaltrace)
try:
exec cmd in dict, dict
finally:
if not self.donothing:
sys.settrace(None)
def runctx(self, cmd, globals=None, locals=None):
if globals is None: globals = {}
if locals is None: locals = {}
if not self.donothing:
sys.settrace(self.globaltrace)
try:
exec cmd in globals, locals
finally:
if not self.donothing:
sys.settrace(None)
def runfunc(self, func, *args, **kw):
result = None
if not self.donothing:
sys.settrace(self.globaltrace)
try:
result = func(*args, **kw)
finally:
if not self.donothing:
sys.settrace(None)
return result
def globaltrace_countfuncs(self, frame, why, arg):
"""
Handles `call' events (why == 'call') and adds the (filename, modulename, funcname,) to the self._calledfuncs dict.
"""
if why == 'call':
filename, lineno, funcname, context, lineindex = \
inspect.getframeinfo(frame, 0)
if filename:
modulename = inspect.getmodulename(filename)
else:
modulename = None
self._calledfuncs[(filename, modulename, funcname,)] = 1
def globaltrace_lt(self, frame, why, arg):
"""
Handles `call' events (why == 'call') and if the code block being entered is to be ignored then it returns `None', else it returns `self.localtrace'.
"""
if why == 'call':
filename, lineno, funcname, context, lineindex = \
inspect.getframeinfo(frame, 0)
if filename:
modulename = inspect.getmodulename(filename)
if modulename is not None:
ignore_it = self.ignore.names(filename, modulename)
if not ignore_it:
if self.trace:
print (" --- modulename: %s, funcname: %s"
% (modulename, funcname))
return self.localtrace
else:
# XXX why no filename?
return None
def localtrace_trace_and_count(self, frame, why, arg):
if why == 'line':
# record the file name and line number of every trace
# XXX I wish inspect offered me an optimized
# `getfilename(frame)' to use in place of the presumably
# heavier `getframeinfo()'. --Zooko 2001-10-14
filename, lineno, funcname, context, lineindex = \
inspect.getframeinfo(frame, 1)
key = filename, lineno
self.counts[key] = self.counts.get(key, 0) + 1
# XXX not convinced that this memoizing is a performance
# win -- I don't know enough about Python guts to tell.
# --Zooko 2001-10-14
bname = self.pathtobasename.get(filename)
if bname is None:
# Using setdefault faster than two separate lines?
# --Zooko 2001-10-14
bname = self.pathtobasename.setdefault(filename,
os.path.basename(filename))
try:
print "%s(%d): %s" % (bname, lineno, context[lineindex]),
except IndexError:
# Uh.. sometimes getframeinfo gives me a context of
# length 1 and a lineindex of -2. Oh well.
pass
return self.localtrace
def localtrace_trace(self, frame, why, arg):
if why == 'line':
# XXX shouldn't do the count increment when arg is
# exception? But be careful to return self.localtrace
# when arg is exception! ? --Zooko 2001-10-14
# record the file name and line number of every trace XXX
# I wish inspect offered me an optimized
# `getfilename(frame)' to use in place of the presumably
# heavier `getframeinfo()'. --Zooko 2001-10-14
filename, lineno, funcname, context, lineindex = \
inspect.getframeinfo(frame)
# XXX not convinced that this memoizing is a performance
# win -- I don't know enough about Python guts to tell.
# --Zooko 2001-10-14
bname = self.pathtobasename.get(filename)
if bname is None:
# Using setdefault faster than two separate lines?
# --Zooko 2001-10-14
bname = self.pathtobasename.setdefault(filename, os.path.basename(filename))
if context is not None:
try:
print "%s(%d): %s" % (bname, lineno, context[lineindex]),
except IndexError:
# Uh.. sometimes getframeinfo gives me a context of length 1 and a lineindex of -2. Oh well.
pass
else:
print "%s(???): ???" % bname
return self.localtrace
def localtrace_count(self, frame, why, arg):
if why == 'line':
filename = frame.f_code.co_filename
lineno = frame.f_lineno
key = filename, lineno
self.counts[key] = self.counts.get(key, 0) + 1
return self.localtrace
def results(self):
return CoverageResults(self.counts, infile=self.infile,
outfile=self.outfile,
calledfuncs=self._calledfuncs)
def _err_exit(msg):
sys.stderr.write("%s: %s\n" % (sys.argv[0], msg))
sys.exit(1)
def main(argv=None):
import getopt
if argv is None:
argv = sys.argv
try:
opts, prog_argv = getopt.getopt(argv[1:], "tcrRf:d:msC:l",
["help", "version", "trace", "count",
"report", "no-report", "summary",
"file=", "missing",
"ignore-module=", "ignore-dir=",
"coverdir=", "listfuncs",])
except getopt.error, msg:
sys.stderr.write("%s: %s\n" % (sys.argv[0], msg))
sys.stderr.write("Try `%s --help' for more information\n"
% sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(1)
trace = 0
count = 0
report = 0
no_report = 0
counts_file = None
missing = 0
ignore_modules = []
ignore_dirs = []
coverdir = None
summary = 0
listfuncs = False
for opt, val in opts:
if opt == "--help":
usage(sys.stdout)
sys.exit(0)
if opt == "--version":
sys.stdout.write("trace 2.0\n")
sys.exit(0)
if opt == "-l" or opt == "--listfuncs":
listfuncs = True
continue
if opt == "-t" or opt == "--trace":
trace = 1
continue
if opt == "-c" or opt == "--count":
count = 1
continue
if opt == "-r" or opt == "--report":
report = 1
continue
if opt == "-R" or opt == "--no-report":
no_report = 1
continue
if opt == "-f" or opt == "--file":
counts_file = val
continue
if opt == "-m" or opt == "--missing":
missing = 1
continue
if opt == "-C" or opt == "--coverdir":
coverdir = val
continue
if opt == "-s" or opt == "--summary":
summary = 1
continue
if opt == "--ignore-module":
ignore_modules.append(val)
continue
if opt == "--ignore-dir":
for s in val.split(os.pathsep):
s = os.path.expandvars(s)
# should I also call expanduser? (after all, could use $HOME)
s = s.replace("$prefix",
os.path.join(sys.prefix, "lib",
"python" + sys.version[:3]))
s = s.replace("$exec_prefix",
os.path.join(sys.exec_prefix, "lib",
"python" + sys.version[:3]))
s = os.path.normpath(s)
ignore_dirs.append(s)
continue
assert 0, "Should never get here"
if listfuncs and (count or trace):
_err_exit("cannot specify both --listfuncs and (--trace or --count)")
if not count and not trace and not report and not listfuncs:
_err_exit("must specify one of --trace, --count, --report or --listfuncs")
if report and no_report:
_err_exit("cannot specify both --report and --no-report")
if report and not counts_file:
_err_exit("--report requires a --file")
if no_report and len(prog_argv) == 0:
_err_exit("missing name of file to run")
# everything is ready
if report:
results = CoverageResults(infile=counts_file, outfile=counts_file)
results.write_results(missing, summary=summary, coverdir=coverdir)
else:
sys.argv = prog_argv
progname = prog_argv[0]
sys.path[0] = os.path.split(progname)[0]
t = Trace(count, trace, countfuncs=listfuncs,
ignoremods=ignore_modules, ignoredirs=ignore_dirs,
infile=counts_file, outfile=counts_file)
try:
t.run('execfile(' + `progname` + ')')
except IOError, err:
_err_exit("Cannot run file %s because: %s" % (`sys.argv[0]`, err))
except SystemExit:
pass
results = t.results()
if not no_report:
results.write_results(missing, summary=summary, coverdir=coverdir)
if __name__=='__main__':
main()
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