mirror of https://github.com/python/cpython
readme.txt
Building Python using VC++ 9.0
------------------------------
This directory is used to build Python for Win32 platforms, e.g. Windows
2000, XP and Vista. It requires Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0
(a.k.a. Visual Studio .NET 2008).
(For other Windows platforms and compilers, see ../PC/readme.txt.)
All you need to do is open the workspace "pcbuild.sln" in Visual Studio,
select the desired combination of configuration and platform and eventually
build the solution. Unless you are going to debug a problem in the core or
you are going to create an optimized build you want to select "Release" as
configuration.
The PCbuild9 directory is compatible with all versions of Visual Studio from
VS C++ Express Edition over the standard edition up to the professional
edition. However the express edition does support features like solution
folders or profile guided optimization (PGO). The missing bits and pieces
won't stop you from building Python.
The solution is configured to build the projects in the correct order. "Build
Solution" or F6 takes care of dependencies except for x64 builds. To make
cross compiling x64 builds on a 32bit OS possible the x64 builds require a
32bit version of Python.
NOTE:
You probably don't want to build most of the other subprojects, unless
you're building an entire Python distribution from scratch, or
specifically making changes to the subsystems they implement, or are
running a Python core buildbot test slave; see SUBPROJECTS below)
When using the Debug setting, the output files have a _d added to
their name: python30_d.dll, python_d.exe, parser_d.pyd, and so on.
The 32bit builds end up in the solution folder PCbuild9 while the x64 builds
land in the amd64 subfolder. The PGI and PGO builds for profile guided
optimization end up in their own folders, too.
SUBPROJECTS
-----------
These subprojects should build out of the box. Subprojects other than the
main ones (pythoncore, python, pythonw) generally build a DLL (renamed to
.pyd) from a specific module so that users don't have to load the code
supporting that module unless they import the module.
pythoncore
.dll and .lib
python
.exe
pythonw
pythonw.exe, a variant of python.exe that doesn't pop up a DOS box
_socket
socketmodule.c
_testcapi
tests of the Python C API, run via Lib/test/test_capi.py, and
implemented by module Modules/_testcapimodule.c
pyexpat
Python wrapper for accelerated XML parsing, which incorporates stable
code from the Expat project: http://sourceforge.net/projects/expat/
select
selectmodule.c
unicodedata
large tables of Unicode data
winsound
play sounds (typically .wav files) under Windows
The following subprojects will generally NOT build out of the box. They
wrap code Python doesn't control, and you'll need to download the base
packages first and unpack them into siblings of PCbuilds's parent
directory; for example, if your PCbuild9 is ..\dist\py3k\PCbuild9\,
unpack into new subdirectories of ..\dist\.
_tkinter
Python wrapper for the Tk windowing system. Requires building
Tcl/Tk first. Following are instructions for Tcl/Tk 8.4.12.
NOTE: The 64 build builds must land in tcltk64 instead of tcltk.
Get source
----------
In the dist directory, run
svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/tcl8.4.12
svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/tk8.4.12
svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/tix-8.4.0
Build Tcl first (done here w/ MSVC 7.1 on Windows XP)
---------------
Use "Start -> All Programs -> Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003
-> Visual Studio .NET Tools -> Visual Studio .NET 2003 Command Prompt"
to get a shell window with the correct environment settings
cd dist\tcl8.4.12\win
nmake -f makefile.vc
nmake -f makefile.vc INSTALLDIR=..\..\tcltk install
XXX Should we compile with OPTS=threads?
Optional: run tests, via
nmake -f makefile.vc test
On WinXP Pro, wholly up to date as of 30-Aug-2004:
all.tcl: Total 10678 Passed 9969 Skipped 709 Failed 0
Sourced 129 Test Files.
Build Tk
--------
cd dist\tk8.4.12\win
nmake -f makefile.vc TCLDIR=..\..\tcl8.4.12
nmake -f makefile.vc TCLDIR=..\..\tcl8.4.12 INSTALLDIR=..\..\tcltk install
XXX Should we compile with OPTS=threads?
XXX Our installer copies a lot of stuff out of the Tcl/Tk install
XXX directory. Is all of that really needed for Python use of Tcl/Tk?
Optional: run tests, via
nmake -f makefile.vc TCLDIR=..\..\tcl8.4.12 test
On WinXP Pro, wholly up to date as of 30-Aug-2004:
all.tcl: Total 8420 Passed 6826 Skipped 1581 Failed 13
Sourced 91 Test Files.
Files with failing tests: canvImg.test scrollbar.test textWind.test winWm.test
Built Tix
---------
cd dist\tix-8.4.0\win
nmake -f python.mak
nmake -f python.mak install
bz2
Python wrapper for the libbz2 compression library. Homepage
http://sources.redhat.com/bzip2/
Download the source from the python.org copy into the dist
directory:
svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/bzip2-1.0.3
A custom pre-link step in the bz2 project settings should manage to
build bzip2-1.0.3\libbz2.lib by magic before bz2.pyd (or bz2_d.pyd) is
linked in PCbuild9\.
However, the bz2 project is not smart enough to remove anything under
bzip2-1.0.3\ when you do a clean, so if you want to rebuild bzip2.lib
you need to clean up bzip2-1.0.3\ by hand.
All of this managed to build libbz2.lib in
bzip2-1.0.3\$platform-$configuration\, which the Python project links in.
_bsddb
To use the version of bsddb that Python is built with by default, invoke
(in the dist directory)
svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/db-4.4.20
Next open the solution file db-4.4.20\build_win32\Berkeley_DB.sln with
Visual Studio and convert the projects to the new format. The standard
and professional version of VS 2008 builds the necessary libraries
in a pre-link step of _bsddb. However the express edition is missing
some pieces and you have to build the libs yourself.
The _bsddb subprojects depends only on the db_static project of
Berkeley DB. You have to choose either "Release", "Release AMD64", "Debug"
or "Debug AMD64" as configuration.
Alternatively, if you want to start with the original sources,
go to Sleepycat's download page:
http://www.sleepycat.com/downloads/releasehistorybdb.html
and download version 4.4.20.
With or without strong cryptography? You can choose either with or
without strong cryptography, as per the instructions below. By
default, Python is built and distributed WITHOUT strong crypto.
Unpack the sources; if you downloaded the non-crypto version, rename
the directory from db-4.4.20.NC to db-4.4.20.
Now apply any patches that apply to your version.
Open
db-4.4.20\docs\ref\build_win\intro.html
and follow the "Windows->Building Berkeley DB with Visual C++ .NET"
instructions for building the Sleepycat
software. Note that Berkeley_DB.dsw is in the build_win32 subdirectory.
Build the "db_static" project, for "Release" mode.
To run extensive tests, pass "-u bsddb" to regrtest.py. test_bsddb3.py
is then enabled. Running in verbose mode may be helpful.
_sqlite3
Python wrapper for SQLite library.
Get the source code through
svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/sqlite-source-3.3.4
To use the extension module in a Python build tree, copy sqlite3.dll into
the PCbuild folder. The source directory in svn also contains a .def file
from the binary release of sqlite3.
_ssl
Python wrapper for the secure sockets library.
Get the source code through
svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/openssl-0.9.8g
Alternatively, get the latest version from http://www.openssl.org.
You can (theoretically) use any version of OpenSSL you like - the
build process will automatically select the latest version.
You must install the NASM assembler from
http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/devel/nasm/binaries/win32/
for x86 builds. Put nasmw.exe anywhere in your PATH.
You can also install ActivePerl from
http://www.activestate.com/Products/ActivePerl/
if you like to use the official sources instead of the files from
python's subversion repository. The svn version contains pre-build
makefiles and assembly files.
The build process makes sure that no patented algorithms are included.
For now RC5, MDC2 and IDEA are excluded from the build. You may have
to manually remove $(OBJ_D)\i_*.obj from ms\nt.mak if the build process
complains about missing files or forbidden IDEA. Again the files provided
in the subversion repository are already fixed.
The MSVC project simply invokes PCBuild/build_ssl.py to perform
the build. This Python script locates and builds your OpenSSL
installation, then invokes a simple makefile to build the final .pyd.
build_ssl.py attempts to catch the most common errors (such as not
being able to find OpenSSL sources, or not being able to find a Perl
that works with OpenSSL) and give a reasonable error message.
If you have a problem that doesn't seem to be handled correctly
(eg, you know you have ActivePerl but we can't find it), please take
a peek at build_ssl.py and suggest patches. Note that build_ssl.py
should be able to be run directly from the command-line.
build_ssl.py/MSVC isn't clever enough to clean OpenSSL - you must do
this by hand.
Building for Itanium
--------------------
NOTE:
Official support for Itanium builds have been dropped from the build. Please
contact as and provide patches if you are interested in Itanium builds.
The project files support a ReleaseItanium configuration which creates
Win64/Itanium binaries. For this to work, you need to install the Platform
SDK, in particular the 64-bit support. This includes an Itanium compiler
(future releases of the SDK likely include an AMD64 compiler as well).
In addition, you need the Visual Studio plugin for external C compilers,
from http://sf.net/projects/vsextcomp. The plugin will wrap cl.exe, to
locate the proper target compiler, and convert compiler options
accordingly. The project files require atleast version 0.9.
Building for AMD64
------------------
The build process for AMD64 / x64 is very similar to standard builds. You just
have to set x64 as platform.
Building Python Using the free MS Toolkit Compiler
--------------------------------------------------
Microsoft has withdrawn the free MS Toolkit Compiler, so this can no longer
be considered a supported option. Instead you can use the free VS C++ Express
Edition.
Profile Guided Optimization
---------------------------
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/e7k32f4k(VS.90).aspx
Static library
--------------
The solution has no configuration for static libraries. However it is easy
it build a static library instead of a DLL. You simply have to set the
"Configuration Type" to "Static Library (.lib)" and alter the preprocessor
macro "Py_ENABLE_SHARED" to "Py_NO_ENABLE_SHARED". You may also have to
change the "Runtime Library" from "Multi-threaded DLL (/MD)" to
"Multi-threaded (/MT)".
YOUR OWN EXTENSION DLLs
-----------------------
If you want to create your own extension module DLL, there's an example
with easy-to-follow instructions in ../PC/example/; read the file
readme.txt there first.