mirror of https://github.com/python/cpython
656 lines
29 KiB
Python
656 lines
29 KiB
Python
"""
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Virtual environment (venv) package for Python. Based on PEP 405.
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Copyright (C) 2011-2014 Vinay Sajip.
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Licensed to the PSF under a contributor agreement.
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"""
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import logging
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import os
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import shutil
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import subprocess
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import sys
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import sysconfig
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import types
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CORE_VENV_DEPS = ('pip',)
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class EnvBuilder:
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"""
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This class exists to allow virtual environment creation to be
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customized. The constructor parameters determine the builder's
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behaviour when called upon to create a virtual environment.
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By default, the builder makes the system (global) site-packages dir
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*un*available to the created environment.
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If invoked using the Python -m option, the default is to use copying
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on Windows platforms but symlinks elsewhere. If instantiated some
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other way, the default is to *not* use symlinks.
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:param system_site_packages: If True, the system (global) site-packages
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dir is available to created environments.
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:param clear: If True, delete the contents of the environment directory if
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it already exists, before environment creation.
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:param symlinks: If True, attempt to symlink rather than copy files into
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virtual environment.
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:param upgrade: If True, upgrade an existing virtual environment.
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:param with_pip: If True, ensure pip is installed in the virtual
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environment
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:param prompt: Alternative terminal prefix for the environment.
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:param upgrade_deps: Update the base venv modules to the latest on PyPI
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:param scm_ignore_files: Create ignore files for the SCMs specified by the
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iterable.
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"""
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def __init__(self, system_site_packages=False, clear=False,
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symlinks=False, upgrade=False, with_pip=False, prompt=None,
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upgrade_deps=False, *, scm_ignore_files=frozenset()):
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self.system_site_packages = system_site_packages
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self.clear = clear
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self.symlinks = symlinks
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self.upgrade = upgrade
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self.with_pip = with_pip
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self.orig_prompt = prompt
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if prompt == '.': # see bpo-38901
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prompt = os.path.basename(os.getcwd())
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self.prompt = prompt
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self.upgrade_deps = upgrade_deps
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self.scm_ignore_files = frozenset(map(str.lower, scm_ignore_files))
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def create(self, env_dir):
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"""
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Create a virtual environment in a directory.
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:param env_dir: The target directory to create an environment in.
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"""
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env_dir = os.path.abspath(env_dir)
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context = self.ensure_directories(env_dir)
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for scm in self.scm_ignore_files:
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getattr(self, f"create_{scm}_ignore_file")(context)
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# See issue 24875. We need system_site_packages to be False
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# until after pip is installed.
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true_system_site_packages = self.system_site_packages
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self.system_site_packages = False
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self.create_configuration(context)
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self.setup_python(context)
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if self.with_pip:
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self._setup_pip(context)
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if not self.upgrade:
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self.setup_scripts(context)
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self.post_setup(context)
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if true_system_site_packages:
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# We had set it to False before, now
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# restore it and rewrite the configuration
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self.system_site_packages = True
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self.create_configuration(context)
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if self.upgrade_deps:
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self.upgrade_dependencies(context)
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def clear_directory(self, path):
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for fn in os.listdir(path):
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fn = os.path.join(path, fn)
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if os.path.islink(fn) or os.path.isfile(fn):
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os.remove(fn)
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elif os.path.isdir(fn):
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shutil.rmtree(fn)
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def _venv_path(self, env_dir, name):
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vars = {
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'base': env_dir,
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'platbase': env_dir,
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'installed_base': env_dir,
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'installed_platbase': env_dir,
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}
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return sysconfig.get_path(name, scheme='venv', vars=vars)
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@classmethod
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def _same_path(cls, path1, path2):
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"""Check whether two paths appear the same.
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Whether they refer to the same file is irrelevant; we're testing for
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whether a human reader would look at the path string and easily tell
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that they're the same file.
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"""
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if sys.platform == 'win32':
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if os.path.normcase(path1) == os.path.normcase(path2):
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return True
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# gh-90329: Don't display a warning for short/long names
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import _winapi
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try:
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path1 = _winapi.GetLongPathName(os.fsdecode(path1))
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except OSError:
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pass
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try:
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path2 = _winapi.GetLongPathName(os.fsdecode(path2))
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except OSError:
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pass
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if os.path.normcase(path1) == os.path.normcase(path2):
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return True
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return False
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else:
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return path1 == path2
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def ensure_directories(self, env_dir):
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"""
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Create the directories for the environment.
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Returns a context object which holds paths in the environment,
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for use by subsequent logic.
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"""
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def create_if_needed(d):
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if not os.path.exists(d):
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os.makedirs(d)
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elif os.path.islink(d) or os.path.isfile(d):
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raise ValueError('Unable to create directory %r' % d)
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if os.pathsep in os.fspath(env_dir):
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raise ValueError(f'Refusing to create a venv in {env_dir} because '
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f'it contains the PATH separator {os.pathsep}.')
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if os.path.exists(env_dir) and self.clear:
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self.clear_directory(env_dir)
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context = types.SimpleNamespace()
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context.env_dir = env_dir
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context.env_name = os.path.split(env_dir)[1]
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context.prompt = self.prompt if self.prompt is not None else context.env_name
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create_if_needed(env_dir)
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executable = sys._base_executable
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if not executable: # see gh-96861
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raise ValueError('Unable to determine path to the running '
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'Python interpreter. Provide an explicit path or '
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'check that your PATH environment variable is '
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'correctly set.')
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dirname, exename = os.path.split(os.path.abspath(executable))
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if sys.platform == 'win32':
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# Always create the simplest name in the venv. It will either be a
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# link back to executable, or a copy of the appropriate launcher
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_d = '_d' if os.path.splitext(exename)[0].endswith('_d') else ''
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exename = f'python{_d}.exe'
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context.executable = executable
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context.python_dir = dirname
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context.python_exe = exename
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binpath = self._venv_path(env_dir, 'scripts')
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incpath = self._venv_path(env_dir, 'include')
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libpath = self._venv_path(env_dir, 'purelib')
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context.inc_path = incpath
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create_if_needed(incpath)
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context.lib_path = libpath
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create_if_needed(libpath)
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# Issue 21197: create lib64 as a symlink to lib on 64-bit non-OS X POSIX
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if ((sys.maxsize > 2**32) and (os.name == 'posix') and
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(sys.platform != 'darwin')):
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link_path = os.path.join(env_dir, 'lib64')
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if not os.path.exists(link_path): # Issue #21643
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os.symlink('lib', link_path)
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context.bin_path = binpath
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context.bin_name = os.path.relpath(binpath, env_dir)
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context.env_exe = os.path.join(binpath, exename)
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create_if_needed(binpath)
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# Assign and update the command to use when launching the newly created
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# environment, in case it isn't simply the executable script (e.g. bpo-45337)
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context.env_exec_cmd = context.env_exe
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if sys.platform == 'win32':
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# bpo-45337: Fix up env_exec_cmd to account for file system redirections.
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# Some redirects only apply to CreateFile and not CreateProcess
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real_env_exe = os.path.realpath(context.env_exe)
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if not self._same_path(real_env_exe, context.env_exe):
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logger.warning('Actual environment location may have moved due to '
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'redirects, links or junctions.\n'
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' Requested location: "%s"\n'
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' Actual location: "%s"',
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context.env_exe, real_env_exe)
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context.env_exec_cmd = real_env_exe
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return context
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def create_configuration(self, context):
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"""
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Create a configuration file indicating where the environment's Python
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was copied from, and whether the system site-packages should be made
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available in the environment.
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:param context: The information for the environment creation request
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being processed.
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"""
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context.cfg_path = path = os.path.join(context.env_dir, 'pyvenv.cfg')
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with open(path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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f.write('home = %s\n' % context.python_dir)
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if self.system_site_packages:
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incl = 'true'
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else:
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incl = 'false'
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f.write('include-system-site-packages = %s\n' % incl)
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f.write('version = %d.%d.%d\n' % sys.version_info[:3])
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if self.prompt is not None:
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f.write(f'prompt = {self.prompt!r}\n')
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f.write('executable = %s\n' % os.path.realpath(sys.executable))
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args = []
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nt = os.name == 'nt'
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if nt and self.symlinks:
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args.append('--symlinks')
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if not nt and not self.symlinks:
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args.append('--copies')
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if not self.with_pip:
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args.append('--without-pip')
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if self.system_site_packages:
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args.append('--system-site-packages')
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if self.clear:
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args.append('--clear')
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if self.upgrade:
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args.append('--upgrade')
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if self.upgrade_deps:
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args.append('--upgrade-deps')
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if self.orig_prompt is not None:
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args.append(f'--prompt="{self.orig_prompt}"')
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if not self.scm_ignore_files:
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args.append('--without-scm-ignore-files')
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args.append(context.env_dir)
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args = ' '.join(args)
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f.write(f'command = {sys.executable} -m venv {args}\n')
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def symlink_or_copy(self, src, dst, relative_symlinks_ok=False):
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"""
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Try symlinking a file, and if that fails, fall back to copying.
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(Unused on Windows, because we can't just copy a failed symlink file: we
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switch to a different set of files instead.)
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"""
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assert os.name != 'nt'
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force_copy = not self.symlinks
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if not force_copy:
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try:
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if not os.path.islink(dst): # can't link to itself!
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if relative_symlinks_ok:
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assert os.path.dirname(src) == os.path.dirname(dst)
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os.symlink(os.path.basename(src), dst)
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else:
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os.symlink(src, dst)
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except Exception: # may need to use a more specific exception
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logger.warning('Unable to symlink %r to %r', src, dst)
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force_copy = True
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if force_copy:
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shutil.copyfile(src, dst)
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def create_git_ignore_file(self, context):
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"""
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Create a .gitignore file in the environment directory.
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The contents of the file cause the entire environment directory to be
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ignored by git.
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"""
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gitignore_path = os.path.join(context.env_dir, '.gitignore')
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with open(gitignore_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
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file.write('# Created by venv; '
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'see https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html\n')
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file.write('*\n')
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if os.name != 'nt':
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def setup_python(self, context):
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"""
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Set up a Python executable in the environment.
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:param context: The information for the environment creation request
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being processed.
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"""
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binpath = context.bin_path
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path = context.env_exe
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copier = self.symlink_or_copy
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dirname = context.python_dir
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copier(context.executable, path)
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if not os.path.islink(path):
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os.chmod(path, 0o755)
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for suffix in ('python', 'python3',
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f'python3.{sys.version_info[1]}'):
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path = os.path.join(binpath, suffix)
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if not os.path.exists(path):
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# Issue 18807: make copies if
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# symlinks are not wanted
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copier(context.env_exe, path, relative_symlinks_ok=True)
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if not os.path.islink(path):
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os.chmod(path, 0o755)
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else:
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def setup_python(self, context):
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"""
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Set up a Python executable in the environment.
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:param context: The information for the environment creation request
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being processed.
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"""
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binpath = context.bin_path
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dirname = context.python_dir
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exename = os.path.basename(context.env_exe)
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exe_stem = os.path.splitext(exename)[0]
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exe_d = '_d' if os.path.normcase(exe_stem).endswith('_d') else ''
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if sysconfig.is_python_build():
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scripts = dirname
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else:
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scripts = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
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'scripts', 'nt')
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if not sysconfig.get_config_var("Py_GIL_DISABLED"):
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python_exe = os.path.join(dirname, f'python{exe_d}.exe')
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pythonw_exe = os.path.join(dirname, f'pythonw{exe_d}.exe')
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link_sources = {
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'python.exe': python_exe,
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f'python{exe_d}.exe': python_exe,
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'pythonw.exe': pythonw_exe,
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f'pythonw{exe_d}.exe': pythonw_exe,
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}
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python_exe = os.path.join(scripts, f'venvlauncher{exe_d}.exe')
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pythonw_exe = os.path.join(scripts, f'venvwlauncher{exe_d}.exe')
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copy_sources = {
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'python.exe': python_exe,
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f'python{exe_d}.exe': python_exe,
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'pythonw.exe': pythonw_exe,
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f'pythonw{exe_d}.exe': pythonw_exe,
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}
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else:
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exe_t = f'3.{sys.version_info[1]}t'
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python_exe = os.path.join(dirname, f'python{exe_t}{exe_d}.exe')
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pythonw_exe = os.path.join(dirname, f'pythonw{exe_t}{exe_d}.exe')
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link_sources = {
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'python.exe': python_exe,
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f'python{exe_d}.exe': python_exe,
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f'python{exe_t}.exe': python_exe,
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f'python{exe_t}{exe_d}.exe': python_exe,
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'pythonw.exe': pythonw_exe,
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f'pythonw{exe_d}.exe': pythonw_exe,
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f'pythonw{exe_t}.exe': pythonw_exe,
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f'pythonw{exe_t}{exe_d}.exe': pythonw_exe,
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}
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python_exe = os.path.join(scripts, f'venvlaunchert{exe_d}.exe')
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pythonw_exe = os.path.join(scripts, f'venvwlaunchert{exe_d}.exe')
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copy_sources = {
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'python.exe': python_exe,
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f'python{exe_d}.exe': python_exe,
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f'python{exe_t}.exe': python_exe,
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f'python{exe_t}{exe_d}.exe': python_exe,
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'pythonw.exe': pythonw_exe,
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f'pythonw{exe_d}.exe': pythonw_exe,
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f'pythonw{exe_t}.exe': pythonw_exe,
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f'pythonw{exe_t}{exe_d}.exe': pythonw_exe,
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}
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do_copies = True
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if self.symlinks:
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do_copies = False
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# For symlinking, we need all the DLLs to be available alongside
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# the executables.
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link_sources.update({
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f: os.path.join(dirname, f) for f in os.listdir(dirname)
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if os.path.normcase(f).startswith(('python', 'vcruntime'))
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and os.path.normcase(os.path.splitext(f)[1]) == '.dll'
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})
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to_unlink = []
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for dest, src in link_sources.items():
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dest = os.path.join(binpath, dest)
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try:
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os.symlink(src, dest)
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to_unlink.append(dest)
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except OSError:
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logger.warning('Unable to symlink %r to %r', src, dst)
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do_copies = True
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for f in to_unlink:
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try:
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os.unlink(f)
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except OSError:
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logger.warning('Failed to clean up symlink %r',
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f)
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logger.warning('Retrying with copies')
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break
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if do_copies:
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for dest, src in copy_sources.items():
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dest = os.path.join(binpath, dest)
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try:
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shutil.copy2(src, dest)
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except OSError:
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logger.warning('Unable to copy %r to %r', src, dest)
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if sysconfig.is_python_build():
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# copy init.tcl
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for root, dirs, files in os.walk(context.python_dir):
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if 'init.tcl' in files:
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tcldir = os.path.basename(root)
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tcldir = os.path.join(context.env_dir, 'Lib', tcldir)
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if not os.path.exists(tcldir):
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os.makedirs(tcldir)
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src = os.path.join(root, 'init.tcl')
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dst = os.path.join(tcldir, 'init.tcl')
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shutil.copyfile(src, dst)
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break
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def _call_new_python(self, context, *py_args, **kwargs):
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"""Executes the newly created Python using safe-ish options"""
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# gh-98251: We do not want to just use '-I' because that masks
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# legitimate user preferences (such as not writing bytecode). All we
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# really need is to ensure that the path variables do not overrule
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# normal venv handling.
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args = [context.env_exec_cmd, *py_args]
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kwargs['env'] = env = os.environ.copy()
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env['VIRTUAL_ENV'] = context.env_dir
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env.pop('PYTHONHOME', None)
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env.pop('PYTHONPATH', None)
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kwargs['cwd'] = context.env_dir
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kwargs['executable'] = context.env_exec_cmd
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subprocess.check_output(args, **kwargs)
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def _setup_pip(self, context):
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"""Installs or upgrades pip in a virtual environment"""
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self._call_new_python(context, '-m', 'ensurepip', '--upgrade',
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'--default-pip', stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
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def setup_scripts(self, context):
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"""
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Set up scripts into the created environment from a directory.
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This method installs the default scripts into the environment
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being created. You can prevent the default installation by overriding
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this method if you really need to, or if you need to specify
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a different location for the scripts to install. By default, the
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'scripts' directory in the venv package is used as the source of
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scripts to install.
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"""
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path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
|
|
path = os.path.join(path, 'scripts')
|
|
self.install_scripts(context, path)
|
|
|
|
def post_setup(self, context):
|
|
"""
|
|
Hook for post-setup modification of the venv. Subclasses may install
|
|
additional packages or scripts here, add activation shell scripts, etc.
|
|
|
|
:param context: The information for the environment creation request
|
|
being processed.
|
|
"""
|
|
pass
|
|
|
|
def replace_variables(self, text, context):
|
|
"""
|
|
Replace variable placeholders in script text with context-specific
|
|
variables.
|
|
|
|
Return the text passed in , but with variables replaced.
|
|
|
|
:param text: The text in which to replace placeholder variables.
|
|
:param context: The information for the environment creation request
|
|
being processed.
|
|
"""
|
|
text = text.replace('__VENV_DIR__', context.env_dir)
|
|
text = text.replace('__VENV_NAME__', context.env_name)
|
|
text = text.replace('__VENV_PROMPT__', context.prompt)
|
|
text = text.replace('__VENV_BIN_NAME__', context.bin_name)
|
|
text = text.replace('__VENV_PYTHON__', context.env_exe)
|
|
return text
|
|
|
|
def install_scripts(self, context, path):
|
|
"""
|
|
Install scripts into the created environment from a directory.
|
|
|
|
:param context: The information for the environment creation request
|
|
being processed.
|
|
:param path: Absolute pathname of a directory containing script.
|
|
Scripts in the 'common' subdirectory of this directory,
|
|
and those in the directory named for the platform
|
|
being run on, are installed in the created environment.
|
|
Placeholder variables are replaced with environment-
|
|
specific values.
|
|
"""
|
|
binpath = context.bin_path
|
|
plen = len(path)
|
|
if os.name == 'nt':
|
|
def skip_file(f):
|
|
f = os.path.normcase(f)
|
|
return (f.startswith(('python', 'venv'))
|
|
and f.endswith(('.exe', '.pdb')))
|
|
else:
|
|
def skip_file(f):
|
|
return False
|
|
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
|
|
if root == path: # at top-level, remove irrelevant dirs
|
|
for d in dirs[:]:
|
|
if d not in ('common', os.name):
|
|
dirs.remove(d)
|
|
continue # ignore files in top level
|
|
for f in files:
|
|
if skip_file(f):
|
|
continue
|
|
srcfile = os.path.join(root, f)
|
|
suffix = root[plen:].split(os.sep)[2:]
|
|
if not suffix:
|
|
dstdir = binpath
|
|
else:
|
|
dstdir = os.path.join(binpath, *suffix)
|
|
if not os.path.exists(dstdir):
|
|
os.makedirs(dstdir)
|
|
dstfile = os.path.join(dstdir, f)
|
|
if os.name == 'nt' and srcfile.endswith(('.exe', '.pdb')):
|
|
shutil.copy2(srcfile, dstfile)
|
|
continue
|
|
with open(srcfile, 'rb') as f:
|
|
data = f.read()
|
|
try:
|
|
new_data = (
|
|
self.replace_variables(data.decode('utf-8'), context)
|
|
.encode('utf-8')
|
|
)
|
|
except UnicodeError as e:
|
|
logger.warning('unable to copy script %r, '
|
|
'may be binary: %s', srcfile, e)
|
|
continue
|
|
if new_data == data:
|
|
shutil.copy2(srcfile, dstfile)
|
|
else:
|
|
with open(dstfile, 'wb') as f:
|
|
f.write(new_data)
|
|
shutil.copymode(srcfile, dstfile)
|
|
|
|
def upgrade_dependencies(self, context):
|
|
logger.debug(
|
|
f'Upgrading {CORE_VENV_DEPS} packages in {context.bin_path}'
|
|
)
|
|
self._call_new_python(context, '-m', 'pip', 'install', '--upgrade',
|
|
*CORE_VENV_DEPS)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def create(env_dir, system_site_packages=False, clear=False,
|
|
symlinks=False, with_pip=False, prompt=None, upgrade_deps=False,
|
|
*, scm_ignore_files=frozenset()):
|
|
"""Create a virtual environment in a directory."""
|
|
builder = EnvBuilder(system_site_packages=system_site_packages,
|
|
clear=clear, symlinks=symlinks, with_pip=with_pip,
|
|
prompt=prompt, upgrade_deps=upgrade_deps,
|
|
scm_ignore_files=scm_ignore_files)
|
|
builder.create(env_dir)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def main(args=None):
|
|
import argparse
|
|
|
|
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog=__name__,
|
|
description='Creates virtual Python '
|
|
'environments in one or '
|
|
'more target '
|
|
'directories.',
|
|
epilog='Once an environment has been '
|
|
'created, you may wish to '
|
|
'activate it, e.g. by '
|
|
'sourcing an activate script '
|
|
'in its bin directory.')
|
|
parser.add_argument('dirs', metavar='ENV_DIR', nargs='+',
|
|
help='A directory to create the environment in.')
|
|
parser.add_argument('--system-site-packages', default=False,
|
|
action='store_true', dest='system_site',
|
|
help='Give the virtual environment access to the '
|
|
'system site-packages dir.')
|
|
if os.name == 'nt':
|
|
use_symlinks = False
|
|
else:
|
|
use_symlinks = True
|
|
group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
|
|
group.add_argument('--symlinks', default=use_symlinks,
|
|
action='store_true', dest='symlinks',
|
|
help='Try to use symlinks rather than copies, '
|
|
'when symlinks are not the default for '
|
|
'the platform.')
|
|
group.add_argument('--copies', default=not use_symlinks,
|
|
action='store_false', dest='symlinks',
|
|
help='Try to use copies rather than symlinks, '
|
|
'even when symlinks are the default for '
|
|
'the platform.')
|
|
parser.add_argument('--clear', default=False, action='store_true',
|
|
dest='clear', help='Delete the contents of the '
|
|
'environment directory if it '
|
|
'already exists, before '
|
|
'environment creation.')
|
|
parser.add_argument('--upgrade', default=False, action='store_true',
|
|
dest='upgrade', help='Upgrade the environment '
|
|
'directory to use this version '
|
|
'of Python, assuming Python '
|
|
'has been upgraded in-place.')
|
|
parser.add_argument('--without-pip', dest='with_pip',
|
|
default=True, action='store_false',
|
|
help='Skips installing or upgrading pip in the '
|
|
'virtual environment (pip is bootstrapped '
|
|
'by default)')
|
|
parser.add_argument('--prompt',
|
|
help='Provides an alternative prompt prefix for '
|
|
'this environment.')
|
|
parser.add_argument('--upgrade-deps', default=False, action='store_true',
|
|
dest='upgrade_deps',
|
|
help=f'Upgrade core dependencies ({", ".join(CORE_VENV_DEPS)}) '
|
|
'to the latest version in PyPI')
|
|
parser.add_argument('--without-scm-ignore-files', dest='scm_ignore_files',
|
|
action='store_const', const=frozenset(),
|
|
default=frozenset(['git']),
|
|
help='Skips adding SCM ignore files to the environment '
|
|
'directory (Git is supported by default).')
|
|
options = parser.parse_args(args)
|
|
if options.upgrade and options.clear:
|
|
raise ValueError('you cannot supply --upgrade and --clear together.')
|
|
builder = EnvBuilder(system_site_packages=options.system_site,
|
|
clear=options.clear,
|
|
symlinks=options.symlinks,
|
|
upgrade=options.upgrade,
|
|
with_pip=options.with_pip,
|
|
prompt=options.prompt,
|
|
upgrade_deps=options.upgrade_deps,
|
|
scm_ignore_files=options.scm_ignore_files)
|
|
for d in options.dirs:
|
|
builder.create(d)
|
|
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
|
rc = 1
|
|
try:
|
|
main()
|
|
rc = 0
|
|
except Exception as e:
|
|
print('Error: %s' % e, file=sys.stderr)
|
|
sys.exit(rc)
|