mirror of https://github.com/python/cpython
157 lines
5.3 KiB
Plaintext
157 lines
5.3 KiB
Plaintext
[See end for tips.]
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Click on the dotted line at the top of a menu to "tear it off": a
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separate window containing the menu is created.
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File menu:
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New window -- create a new editing window
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Open... -- open an existing file
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Open module... -- open an existing module (searches sys.path)
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Class browser -- show classes and methods in current file
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Path browser -- show sys.path directories, modules, classes
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and methods
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---
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Save -- save current window to the associated file (unsaved
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windows have a * before and after the window title)
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Save As... -- save current window to new file, which becomes
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the associated file
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Save Copy As... -- save current window to different file
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without changing the associated file
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---
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Close -- close current window (asks to save if unsaved)
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Exit -- close all windows and quit IDLE (asks to save if unsaved)
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Edit menu:
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Undo -- Undo last change to current window (max 1000 changes)
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Redo -- Redo last undone change to current window
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---
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Cut -- Copy selection into system-wide clipboard; then delete selection
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Copy -- Copy selection into system-wide clipboard
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Paste -- Insert system-wide clipboard into window
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Select All -- Select the entire contents of the edit buffer
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---
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Find... -- Open a search dialog box with many options
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Find again -- Repeat last search
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Find selection -- Search for the string in the selection
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Find in Files... -- Open a search dialog box for searching files
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Replace... -- Open a search-and-replace dialog box
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Go to line -- Ask for a line number and show that line
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---
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Indent region -- Shift selected lines right 4 spaces
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Dedent region -- Shift selected lines left 4 spaces
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Comment out region -- Insert ## in front of selected lines
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Uncomment region -- Remove leading # or ## from selected lines
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Tabify region -- Turns *leading* stretches of spaces into tabs
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Untabify region -- Turn *all* tabs into the right number of spaces
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Expand word -- Expand the word you have typed to match another
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word in the same buffer; repeat to get a different expansion
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Format Paragraph -- Reformat the current blank-line-separated paragraph
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---
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Import module -- Import or reload the current module
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Run script -- Execute the current file in the __main__ namespace
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Windows menu:
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Zoom Height -- toggles the window between normal size (24x80)
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and maximum height.
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---
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The rest of this menu lists the names of all open windows;
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select one to bring it to the foreground (deiconifying it if
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necessary).
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Debug menu (in the Python Shell window only):
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Go to file/line -- look around the insert point for a filename
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and linenumber, open the file, and show the line
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Open stack viewer -- show the stack traceback of the last exception
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Debugger toggle -- Run commands in the shell under the debugger
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JIT Stack viewer toggle -- Open stack viewer on traceback
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Basic editing and navigation:
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Backspace deletes to the left; DEL deletes to the right
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Arrow keys and Page Up/Down to move around
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Home/End go to begin/end of line
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Control-Home/End go to begin/end of file
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Some Emacs bindings may also work, e.g. ^B/^P/^A/^E/^D/^L
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Automatic indentation:
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After a block-opening statement, the next line is indented by
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4 spaces (in the Python Shell window by one tab). After
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certain keywords (break, return etc.) the next line is
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dedented. In leading indentation, Backspace deletes up to 4
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spaces if they are there. Tab inserts 1-4 spaces (in the
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Python Shell window one tab). See also the indent/dedent
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region commands in the edit menu.
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Python Shell window:
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^C interrupts executing command
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^D sends end-of-file; closes window if typed at >>> prompt
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Command history:
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Alt-p retrieves previous command matching what you have typed
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Alt-n retrieves next
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Return while on any previous command retrieves that command
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Alt-/ (Expand word) is also useful here
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Syntax colors:
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The coloring is applied in a background "thread", so you may
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occasionally see uncolorized text. To change the color
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scheme, edit the [Colors] section in config.txt (or add a
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[Colors] section to ~/.idle).
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Python syntax colors:
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Keywords orange
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Strings green
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Comments red
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Definitions blue
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Shell colors:
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Console output brown
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stdout blue
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stderr dark green
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stdin black
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Other preferences:
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To change the font on Windows, open EditorWindow.py and change
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text['font'] = ("lucida console", 8)
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to, e.g.,
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text['font'] = ("courier new", 10)
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To change keyboard bindings, edit Bindings.py
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Command line usage:
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idle.py [-c command] [-d] [-e] [-s] [-t title] [arg] ...
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-c command run this command
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-d enable debugger
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-e edit mode; arguments are files to be edited
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-s run $IDLESTARTUP or $PYTHONSTARTUP first
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-t title set title of shell window
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If there are arguments:
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If -e is used, arguments are files opened for editing and
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sys.argv reflects the arguments passed to IDLE itself.
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Otherwise, if -c is used, all arguments are placed in
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sys.argv[1:...], with sys.argv[0] set to '-c'.
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Otherwise, if neither -e nor -c is used, the first
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argument is a script which is executed with the remaining
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arguments in sys.argv[1:...] and sys.argv[0] set to the
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script name. If the script name is '-', no script is
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executed but an interactive Python session is started; the
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arguments are still available in sys.argv.
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