mirror of https://github.com/python/cpython
126 lines
4.6 KiB
TeX
126 lines
4.6 KiB
TeX
\section{\module{trace} ---
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Trace or track Python statement execution}
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\declaremodule{standard}{trace}
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\modulesynopsis{Trace or track Python statement execution.}
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The \module{trace} module allows you to trace program execution, generate
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annotated statement coverage listings, print caller/callee relationships and
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list functions executed during a program run. It can be used in another
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program or from the command line.
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\subsection{Command Line Usage\label{trace-cli}}
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The \module{trace} module can be invoked from the command line. It can be
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as simple as
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\begin{verbatim}
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python -m trace --count somefile.py ...
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\end{verbatim}
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The above will generate annotated listings of all Python modules imported
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during the execution of \file{somefile.py}.
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The following command-line arguments are supported:
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\begin{description}
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\item[\longprogramopt{trace}, \programopt{-t}]
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Display lines as they are executed.
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\item[\longprogramopt{count}, \programopt{-c}]
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Produce a set of annotated listing files upon program
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completion that shows how many times each statement was executed.
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\item[\longprogramopt{report}, \programopt{-r}]
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Produce an annotated list from an earlier program run that
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used the \longprogramopt{count} and \longprogramopt{file} arguments.
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\item[\longprogramopt{no-report}, \programopt{-R}]
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Do not generate annotated listings. This is useful if you intend to make
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several runs with \longprogramopt{count} then produce a single set
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of annotated listings at the end.
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\item[\longprogramopt{listfuncs}, \programopt{-l}]
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List the functions executed by running the program.
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\item[\longprogramopt{trackcalls}, \programopt{-T}]
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Generate calling relationships exposed by running the program.
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\item[\longprogramopt{file}, \programopt{-f}]
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Name a file containing (or to contain) counts.
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\item[\longprogramopt{coverdir}, \programopt{-C}]
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Name a directory in which to save annotated listing files.
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\item[\longprogramopt{missing}, \programopt{-m}]
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When generating annotated listings, mark lines which
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were not executed with \code{>}\code{>}\code{>}\code{>}\code{>}\code{>}.
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\item[\longprogramopt{summary}, \programopt{-s}]
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When using \longprogramopt{count} or \longprogramopt{report}, write a
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brief summary to stdout for each file processed.
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\item[\longprogramopt{ignore-module}]
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Ignore the named module and its submodules (if it is
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a package). May be given multiple times.
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\item[\longprogramopt{ignore-dir}]
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Ignore all modules and packages in the named directory
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and subdirectories. May be given multiple times.
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\end{description}
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\subsection{Programming Interface\label{trace-api}}
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\begin{classdesc}{Trace}{\optional{count=1\optional{, trace=1\optional{,
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countfuncs=0\optional{, countcallers=0\optional{,
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ignoremods=()\optional{, ignoredirs=()\optional{,
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infile=None\optional{, outfile=None}}}}}}}}}
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Create an object to trace execution of a single statement or expression.
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All parameters are optional. \var{count} enables counting of line numbers.
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\var{trace} enables line execution tracing. \var{countfuncs} enables
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listing of the functions called during the run. \var{countcallers} enables
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call relationship tracking. \var{ignoremods} is a list of modules or
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packages to ignore. \var{ignoredirs} is a list of directories whose modules
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or packages should be ignored. \var{infile} is the file from which to read
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stored count information. \var{outfile} is a file in which to write updated
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count information.
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\end{classdesc}
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\begin{methoddesc}[Trace]{run}{cmd}
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Run \var{cmd} under control of the Trace object with the current tracing
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parameters.
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\end{methoddesc}
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\begin{methoddesc}[Trace]{runctx}{cmd\optional{, globals=None\optional{,
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locals=None}}}
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Run \var{cmd} under control of the Trace object with the current tracing
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parameters in the defined global and local environments. If not defined,
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\var{globals} and \var{locals} default to empty dictionaries.
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\end{methoddesc}
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\begin{methoddesc}[Trace]{runfunc}{func, *args, **kwds}
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Call \var{func} with the given arguments under control of the
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\class{Trace} object with the current tracing parameters.
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\end{methoddesc}
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This is a simple example showing the use of this module:
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\begin{verbatim}
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import sys
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import trace
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# create a Trace object, telling it what to ignore, and whether to
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# do tracing or line-counting or both.
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tracer = trace.Trace(
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ignoredirs=[sys.prefix, sys.exec_prefix],
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trace=0,
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count=1)
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# run the new command using the given tracer
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tracer.run('main()')
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# make a report, placing output in /tmp
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r = tracer.results()
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r.write_results(show_missing=True, coverdir="/tmp")
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\end{verbatim}
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