mirror of https://github.com/python/cpython
140 lines
4.9 KiB
Python
140 lines
4.9 KiB
Python
"""Module getopt -- Parser for command line options.
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This module helps scripts to parse the command line arguments in
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sys.argv. It supports the same conventions as the Unix getopt()
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function (including the special meanings of arguments of the form `-'
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and `--'). Long options similar to those supported by GNU software
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may be used as well via an optional third argument. This module
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provides a single function and an exception:
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Gerrit Holl <gerrit@nl.linux.org> moved the string-based exceptions
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to class-based exceptions.
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getopt() -- Parse command line options
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GetoptError -- exception (class) raised with 'opt' attribute, which is the
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option involved with the exception.
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"""
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# Long option support added by Lars Wirzenius <liw@iki.fi>.
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import string
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class GetoptError(Exception):
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opt = ''
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msg = ''
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def __init__(self, *args):
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self.args = args
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if len(args) == 1:
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self.msg = args[0]
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elif len(args) == 2:
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self.msg = args[0]
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self.opt = args[1]
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def __str__(self):
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return self.msg
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error = GetoptError # backward compatibility
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def getopt(args, shortopts, longopts = []):
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"""getopt(args, options[, long_options]) -> opts, args
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Parses command line options and parameter list. args is the
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argument list to be parsed, without the leading reference to the
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running program. Typically, this means "sys.argv[1:]". shortopts
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is the string of option letters that the script wants to
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recognize, with options that require an argument followed by a
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colon (i.e., the same format that Unix getopt() uses). If
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specified, longopts is a list of strings with the names of the
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long options which should be supported. The leading '--'
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characters should not be included in the option name. Options
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which require an argument should be followed by an equal sign
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('=').
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The return value consists of two elements: the first is a list of
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(option, value) pairs; the second is the list of program arguments
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left after the option list was stripped (this is a trailing slice
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of the first argument). Each option-and-value pair returned has
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the option as its first element, prefixed with a hyphen (e.g.,
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'-x'), and the option argument as its second element, or an empty
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string if the option has no argument. The options occur in the
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list in the same order in which they were found, thus allowing
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multiple occurrences. Long and short options may be mixed.
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"""
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opts = []
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if type(longopts) == type(""):
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longopts = [longopts]
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else:
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longopts = list(longopts)
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longopts.sort()
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while args and args[0][:1] == '-' and args[0] != '-':
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if args[0] == '--':
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args = args[1:]
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break
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if args[0][:2] == '--':
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opts, args = do_longs(opts, args[0][2:], longopts, args[1:])
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else:
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opts, args = do_shorts(opts, args[0][1:], shortopts, args[1:])
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return opts, args
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def do_longs(opts, opt, longopts, args):
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try:
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i = string.index(opt, '=')
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opt, optarg = opt[:i], opt[i+1:]
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except ValueError:
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optarg = None
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has_arg, opt = long_has_args(opt, longopts)
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if has_arg:
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if optarg is None:
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if not args:
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raise GetoptError('option --%s requires argument' % opt, opt)
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optarg, args = args[0], args[1:]
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elif optarg:
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raise GetoptError('option --%s must not have an argument' % opt, opt)
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opts.append(('--' + opt, optarg or ''))
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return opts, args
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# Return:
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# has_arg?
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# full option name
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def long_has_args(opt, longopts):
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optlen = len(opt)
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for i in range(len(longopts)):
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x, y = longopts[i][:optlen], longopts[i][optlen:]
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if opt != x:
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continue
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if y != '' and y != '=' and i+1 < len(longopts):
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if opt == longopts[i+1][:optlen]:
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raise GetoptError('option --%s not a unique prefix' % opt, opt)
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if longopts[i][-1:] in ('=', ):
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return 1, longopts[i][:-1]
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return 0, longopts[i]
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raise GetoptError('option --%s not recognized' % opt, opt)
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def do_shorts(opts, optstring, shortopts, args):
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while optstring != '':
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opt, optstring = optstring[0], optstring[1:]
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if short_has_arg(opt, shortopts):
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if optstring == '':
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if not args:
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raise GetoptError('option -%s requires argument' % opt, opt)
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optstring, args = args[0], args[1:]
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optarg, optstring = optstring, ''
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else:
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optarg = ''
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opts.append(('-' + opt, optarg))
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return opts, args
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def short_has_arg(opt, shortopts):
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for i in range(len(shortopts)):
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if opt == shortopts[i] != ':':
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return shortopts[i+1:i+2] == ':'
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raise GetoptError('option -%s not recognized' % opt, opt)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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import sys
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print getopt(sys.argv[1:], "a:b", ["alpha=", "beta"])
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