mirror of https://github.com/python/cpython
41 lines
1.3 KiB
Python
41 lines
1.3 KiB
Python
import sqlite3
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con = sqlite3.connect(":memory:")
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cur = con.cursor()
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AUSTRIA = u"\xd6sterreich"
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# by default, rows are returned as Unicode
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cur.execute("select ?", (AUSTRIA,))
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row = cur.fetchone()
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assert row[0] == AUSTRIA
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# but we can make sqlite3 always return bytestrings ...
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con.text_factory = str
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cur.execute("select ?", (AUSTRIA,))
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row = cur.fetchone()
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assert type(row[0]) is str
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# the bytestrings will be encoded in UTF-8, unless you stored garbage in the
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# database ...
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assert row[0] == AUSTRIA.encode("utf-8")
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# we can also implement a custom text_factory ...
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# here we implement one that will ignore Unicode characters that cannot be
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# decoded from UTF-8
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con.text_factory = lambda x: unicode(x, "utf-8", "ignore")
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cur.execute("select ?", ("this is latin1 and would normally create errors" +
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u"\xe4\xf6\xfc".encode("latin1"),))
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row = cur.fetchone()
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assert type(row[0]) is unicode
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# sqlite3 offers a built-in optimized text_factory that will return bytestring
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# objects, if the data is in ASCII only, and otherwise return unicode objects
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con.text_factory = sqlite3.OptimizedUnicode
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cur.execute("select ?", (AUSTRIA,))
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row = cur.fetchone()
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assert type(row[0]) is unicode
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cur.execute("select ?", ("Germany",))
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row = cur.fetchone()
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assert type(row[0]) is str
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