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cpython/Lib/pstats.py

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"""Class for printing reports on profiled python code."""
# Written by James Roskind
# Based on prior profile module by Sjoerd Mullender...
# which was hacked somewhat by: Guido van Rossum
# Copyright Disney Enterprises, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
# Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
# either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
# governing permissions and limitations under the License.
import sys
import os
import time
import marshal
import re
from enum import StrEnum, _simple_enum
from functools import cmp_to_key
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Dict
__all__ = ["Stats", "SortKey", "FunctionProfile", "StatsProfile"]
@_simple_enum(StrEnum)
class SortKey:
CALLS = 'calls', 'ncalls'
CUMULATIVE = 'cumulative', 'cumtime'
FILENAME = 'filename', 'module'
LINE = 'line'
NAME = 'name'
NFL = 'nfl'
PCALLS = 'pcalls'
STDNAME = 'stdname'
TIME = 'time', 'tottime'
def __new__(cls, *values):
value = values[0]
obj = str.__new__(cls, value)
obj._value_ = value
for other_value in values[1:]:
cls._value2member_map_[other_value] = obj
obj._all_values = values
return obj
@dataclass(unsafe_hash=True)
class FunctionProfile:
ncalls: str
tottime: float
percall_tottime: float
cumtime: float
percall_cumtime: float
file_name: str
line_number: int
@dataclass(unsafe_hash=True)
class StatsProfile:
'''Class for keeping track of an item in inventory.'''
total_tt: float
func_profiles: Dict[str, FunctionProfile]
class Stats:
"""This class is used for creating reports from data generated by the
Profile class. It is a "friend" of that class, and imports data either
by direct access to members of Profile class, or by reading in a dictionary
that was emitted (via marshal) from the Profile class.
The big change from the previous Profiler (in terms of raw functionality)
is that an "add()" method has been provided to combine Stats from
several distinct profile runs. Both the constructor and the add()
method now take arbitrarily many file names as arguments.
All the print methods now take an argument that indicates how many lines
to print. If the arg is a floating-point number between 0 and 1.0, then
it is taken as a decimal percentage of the available lines to be printed
(e.g., .1 means print 10% of all available lines). If it is an integer,
it is taken to mean the number of lines of data that you wish to have
printed.
The sort_stats() method now processes some additional options (i.e., in
addition to the old -1, 0, 1, or 2 that are respectively interpreted as
'stdname', 'calls', 'time', and 'cumulative'). It takes either an
arbitrary number of quoted strings or SortKey enum to select the sort
order.
For example sort_stats('time', 'name') or sort_stats(SortKey.TIME,
SortKey.NAME) sorts on the major key of 'internal function time', and on
the minor key of 'the name of the function'. Look at the two tables in
sort_stats() and get_sort_arg_defs(self) for more examples.
All methods return self, so you can string together commands like:
Stats('foo', 'goo').strip_dirs().sort_stats('calls').\
print_stats(5).print_callers(5)
"""
def __init__(self, *args, stream=None):
self.stream = stream or sys.stdout
if not len(args):
arg = None
else:
arg = args[0]
args = args[1:]
self.init(arg)
self.add(*args)
def init(self, arg):
self.all_callees = None # calc only if needed
self.files = []
self.fcn_list = None
self.total_tt = 0
self.total_calls = 0
self.prim_calls = 0
self.max_name_len = 0
self.top_level = set()
self.stats = {}
self.sort_arg_dict = {}
self.load_stats(arg)
try:
self.get_top_level_stats()
except Exception:
print("Invalid timing data %s" %
(self.files[-1] if self.files else ''), file=self.stream)
raise
def load_stats(self, arg):
if arg is None:
self.stats = {}
return
elif isinstance(arg, str):
with open(arg, 'rb') as f:
self.stats = marshal.load(f)
try:
file_stats = os.stat(arg)
arg = time.ctime(file_stats.st_mtime) + " " + arg
except: # in case this is not unix
pass
self.files = [arg]
elif hasattr(arg, 'create_stats'):
arg.create_stats()
self.stats = arg.stats
arg.stats = {}
if not self.stats:
raise TypeError("Cannot create or construct a %r object from %r"
% (self.__class__, arg))
return
def get_top_level_stats(self):
for func, (cc, nc, tt, ct, callers) in self.stats.items():
self.total_calls += nc
self.prim_calls += cc
self.total_tt += tt
if ("jprofile", 0, "profiler") in callers:
self.top_level.add(func)
if len(func_std_string(func)) > self.max_name_len:
self.max_name_len = len(func_std_string(func))
def add(self, *arg_list):
if not arg_list:
return self
for item in reversed(arg_list):
if type(self) != type(item):
item = Stats(item)
self.files += item.files
self.total_calls += item.total_calls
self.prim_calls += item.prim_calls
self.total_tt += item.total_tt
for func in item.top_level:
self.top_level.add(func)
if self.max_name_len < item.max_name_len:
self.max_name_len = item.max_name_len
self.fcn_list = None
for func, stat in item.stats.items():
if func in self.stats:
old_func_stat = self.stats[func]
else:
old_func_stat = (0, 0, 0, 0, {},)
self.stats[func] = add_func_stats(old_func_stat, stat)
return self
def dump_stats(self, filename):
"""Write the profile data to a file we know how to load back."""
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
marshal.dump(self.stats, f)
# list the tuple indices and directions for sorting,
# along with some printable description
sort_arg_dict_default = {
"calls" : (((1,-1), ), "call count"),
"ncalls" : (((1,-1), ), "call count"),
"cumtime" : (((3,-1), ), "cumulative time"),
"cumulative": (((3,-1), ), "cumulative time"),
"filename" : (((4, 1), ), "file name"),
"line" : (((5, 1), ), "line number"),
"module" : (((4, 1), ), "file name"),
"name" : (((6, 1), ), "function name"),
"nfl" : (((6, 1),(4, 1),(5, 1),), "name/file/line"),
"pcalls" : (((0,-1), ), "primitive call count"),
"stdname" : (((7, 1), ), "standard name"),
"time" : (((2,-1), ), "internal time"),
"tottime" : (((2,-1), ), "internal time"),
}
def get_sort_arg_defs(self):
"""Expand all abbreviations that are unique."""
if not self.sort_arg_dict:
self.sort_arg_dict = dict = {}
bad_list = {}
for word, tup in self.sort_arg_dict_default.items():
fragment = word
while fragment:
if fragment in dict:
bad_list[fragment] = 0
break
dict[fragment] = tup
fragment = fragment[:-1]
for word in bad_list:
del dict[word]
return self.sort_arg_dict
def sort_stats(self, *field):
if not field:
self.fcn_list = 0
return self
if len(field) == 1 and isinstance(field[0], int):
# Be compatible with old profiler
field = [ {-1: "stdname",
0: "calls",
1: "time",
2: "cumulative"}[field[0]] ]
elif len(field) >= 2:
for arg in field[1:]:
if type(arg) != type(field[0]):
raise TypeError("Can't have mixed argument type")
sort_arg_defs = self.get_sort_arg_defs()
sort_tuple = ()
self.sort_type = ""
connector = ""
for word in field:
if isinstance(word, SortKey):
word = word.value
sort_tuple = sort_tuple + sort_arg_defs[word][0]
self.sort_type += connector + sort_arg_defs[word][1]
connector = ", "
stats_list = []
for func, (cc, nc, tt, ct, callers) in self.stats.items():
stats_list.append((cc, nc, tt, ct) + func +
(func_std_string(func), func))
stats_list.sort(key=cmp_to_key(TupleComp(sort_tuple).compare))
self.fcn_list = fcn_list = []
for tuple in stats_list:
fcn_list.append(tuple[-1])
return self
def reverse_order(self):
if self.fcn_list:
self.fcn_list.reverse()
return self
def strip_dirs(self):
oldstats = self.stats
self.stats = newstats = {}
max_name_len = 0
for func, (cc, nc, tt, ct, callers) in oldstats.items():
newfunc = func_strip_path(func)
if len(func_std_string(newfunc)) > max_name_len:
max_name_len = len(func_std_string(newfunc))
newcallers = {}
for func2, caller in callers.items():
newcallers[func_strip_path(func2)] = caller
if newfunc in newstats:
newstats[newfunc] = add_func_stats(
newstats[newfunc],
(cc, nc, tt, ct, newcallers))
else:
newstats[newfunc] = (cc, nc, tt, ct, newcallers)
old_top = self.top_level
self.top_level = new_top = set()
for func in old_top:
new_top.add(func_strip_path(func))
self.max_name_len = max_name_len
self.fcn_list = None
self.all_callees = None
return self
def calc_callees(self):
if self.all_callees:
return
self.all_callees = all_callees = {}
for func, (cc, nc, tt, ct, callers) in self.stats.items():
if not func in all_callees:
all_callees[func] = {}
for func2, caller in callers.items():
if not func2 in all_callees:
all_callees[func2] = {}
all_callees[func2][func] = caller
return
#******************************************************************
# The following functions support actual printing of reports
#******************************************************************
# Optional "amount" is either a line count, or a percentage of lines.
def eval_print_amount(self, sel, list, msg):
new_list = list
if isinstance(sel, str):
try:
rex = re.compile(sel)
except re.PatternError:
msg += " <Invalid regular expression %r>\n" % sel
return new_list, msg
new_list = []
for func in list:
if rex.search(func_std_string(func)):
new_list.append(func)
else:
count = len(list)
if isinstance(sel, float) and 0.0 <= sel < 1.0:
count = int(count * sel + .5)
new_list = list[:count]
elif isinstance(sel, int) and 0 <= sel < count:
count = sel
new_list = list[:count]
if len(list) != len(new_list):
msg += " List reduced from %r to %r due to restriction <%r>\n" % (
len(list), len(new_list), sel)
return new_list, msg
def get_stats_profile(self):
"""This method returns an instance of StatsProfile, which contains a mapping
of function names to instances of FunctionProfile. Each FunctionProfile
instance holds information related to the function's profile such as how
long the function took to run, how many times it was called, etc...
"""
func_list = self.fcn_list[:] if self.fcn_list else list(self.stats.keys())
if not func_list:
return StatsProfile(0, {})
total_tt = float(f8(self.total_tt))
func_profiles = {}
stats_profile = StatsProfile(total_tt, func_profiles)
for func in func_list:
cc, nc, tt, ct, callers = self.stats[func]
file_name, line_number, func_name = func
ncalls = str(nc) if nc == cc else (str(nc) + '/' + str(cc))
tottime = float(f8(tt))
percall_tottime = -1 if nc == 0 else float(f8(tt/nc))
cumtime = float(f8(ct))
percall_cumtime = -1 if cc == 0 else float(f8(ct/cc))
func_profile = FunctionProfile(
ncalls,
tottime, # time spent in this function alone
percall_tottime,
cumtime, # time spent in the function plus all functions that this function called,
percall_cumtime,
file_name,
line_number
)
func_profiles[func_name] = func_profile
return stats_profile
def get_print_list(self, sel_list):
width = self.max_name_len
if self.fcn_list:
stat_list = self.fcn_list[:]
msg = " Ordered by: " + self.sort_type + '\n'
else:
stat_list = list(self.stats.keys())
msg = " Random listing order was used\n"
for selection in sel_list:
stat_list, msg = self.eval_print_amount(selection, stat_list, msg)
count = len(stat_list)
if not stat_list:
return 0, stat_list
print(msg, file=self.stream)
if count < len(self.stats):
width = 0
for func in stat_list:
if len(func_std_string(func)) > width:
width = len(func_std_string(func))
return width+2, stat_list
def print_stats(self, *amount):
for filename in self.files:
print(filename, file=self.stream)
if self.files:
print(file=self.stream)
indent = ' ' * 8
for func in self.top_level:
print(indent, func_get_function_name(func), file=self.stream)
print(indent, self.total_calls, "function calls", end=' ', file=self.stream)
if self.total_calls != self.prim_calls:
print("(%d primitive calls)" % self.prim_calls, end=' ', file=self.stream)
print("in %.3f seconds" % self.total_tt, file=self.stream)
print(file=self.stream)
width, list = self.get_print_list(amount)
if list:
self.print_title()
for func in list:
self.print_line(func)
print(file=self.stream)
print(file=self.stream)
return self
def print_callees(self, *amount):
width, list = self.get_print_list(amount)
if list:
self.calc_callees()
self.print_call_heading(width, "called...")
for func in list:
if func in self.all_callees:
self.print_call_line(width, func, self.all_callees[func])
else:
self.print_call_line(width, func, {})
print(file=self.stream)
print(file=self.stream)
return self
def print_callers(self, *amount):
width, list = self.get_print_list(amount)
if list:
self.print_call_heading(width, "was called by...")
for func in list:
cc, nc, tt, ct, callers = self.stats[func]
self.print_call_line(width, func, callers, "<-")
print(file=self.stream)
print(file=self.stream)
return self
def print_call_heading(self, name_size, column_title):
print("Function ".ljust(name_size) + column_title, file=self.stream)
# print sub-header only if we have new-style callers
subheader = False
for cc, nc, tt, ct, callers in self.stats.values():
if callers:
value = next(iter(callers.values()))
subheader = isinstance(value, tuple)
break
if subheader:
print(" "*name_size + " ncalls tottime cumtime", file=self.stream)
def print_call_line(self, name_size, source, call_dict, arrow="->"):
print(func_std_string(source).ljust(name_size) + arrow, end=' ', file=self.stream)
if not call_dict:
print(file=self.stream)
return
clist = sorted(call_dict.keys())
indent = ""
for func in clist:
name = func_std_string(func)
value = call_dict[func]
if isinstance(value, tuple):
nc, cc, tt, ct = value
if nc != cc:
substats = '%d/%d' % (nc, cc)
else:
substats = '%d' % (nc,)
substats = '%s %s %s %s' % (substats.rjust(7+2*len(indent)),
f8(tt), f8(ct), name)
left_width = name_size + 1
else:
substats = '%s(%r) %s' % (name, value, f8(self.stats[func][3]))
left_width = name_size + 3
print(indent*left_width + substats, file=self.stream)
indent = " "
def print_title(self):
print(' ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall', end=' ', file=self.stream)
print('filename:lineno(function)', file=self.stream)
def print_line(self, func): # hack: should print percentages
cc, nc, tt, ct, callers = self.stats[func]
c = str(nc)
if nc != cc:
c = c + '/' + str(cc)
print(c.rjust(9), end=' ', file=self.stream)
print(f8(tt), end=' ', file=self.stream)
if nc == 0:
print(' '*8, end=' ', file=self.stream)
else:
print(f8(tt/nc), end=' ', file=self.stream)
print(f8(ct), end=' ', file=self.stream)
if cc == 0:
print(' '*8, end=' ', file=self.stream)
else:
print(f8(ct/cc), end=' ', file=self.stream)
print(func_std_string(func), file=self.stream)
class TupleComp:
"""This class provides a generic function for comparing any two tuples.
Each instance records a list of tuple-indices (from most significant
to least significant), and sort direction (ascending or descending) for
each tuple-index. The compare functions can then be used as the function
argument to the system sort() function when a list of tuples need to be
sorted in the instances order."""
def __init__(self, comp_select_list):
self.comp_select_list = comp_select_list
def compare (self, left, right):
for index, direction in self.comp_select_list:
l = left[index]
r = right[index]
if l < r:
return -direction
if l > r:
return direction
return 0
#**************************************************************************
# func_name is a triple (file:string, line:int, name:string)
def func_strip_path(func_name):
filename, line, name = func_name
return os.path.basename(filename), line, name
def func_get_function_name(func):
return func[2]
def func_std_string(func_name): # match what old profile produced
if func_name[:2] == ('~', 0):
# special case for built-in functions
name = func_name[2]
if name.startswith('<') and name.endswith('>'):
return '{%s}' % name[1:-1]
else:
return name
else:
return "%s:%d(%s)" % func_name
#**************************************************************************
# The following functions combine statistics for pairs functions.
# The bulk of the processing involves correctly handling "call" lists,
# such as callers and callees.
#**************************************************************************
def add_func_stats(target, source):
"""Add together all the stats for two profile entries."""
cc, nc, tt, ct, callers = source
t_cc, t_nc, t_tt, t_ct, t_callers = target
return (cc+t_cc, nc+t_nc, tt+t_tt, ct+t_ct,
add_callers(t_callers, callers))
def add_callers(target, source):
"""Combine two caller lists in a single list."""
new_callers = {}
for func, caller in target.items():
new_callers[func] = caller
for func, caller in source.items():
if func in new_callers:
if isinstance(caller, tuple):
# format used by cProfile
new_callers[func] = tuple(i + j for i, j in zip(caller, new_callers[func]))
else:
# format used by profile
new_callers[func] += caller
else:
new_callers[func] = caller
return new_callers
def count_calls(callers):
"""Sum the caller statistics to get total number of calls received."""
nc = 0
for calls in callers.values():
nc += calls
return nc
#**************************************************************************
# The following functions support printing of reports
#**************************************************************************
def f8(x):
return "%8.3f" % x
#**************************************************************************
# Statistics browser added by ESR, April 2001
#**************************************************************************
if __name__ == '__main__':
import cmd
try:
import readline
except ImportError:
pass
class ProfileBrowser(cmd.Cmd):
def __init__(self, profile=None):
cmd.Cmd.__init__(self)
self.prompt = "% "
self.stats = None
self.stream = sys.stdout
if profile is not None:
self.do_read(profile)
def generic(self, fn, line):
args = line.split()
processed = []
for term in args:
try:
processed.append(int(term))
continue
except ValueError:
pass
try:
frac = float(term)
if frac > 1 or frac < 0:
print("Fraction argument must be in [0, 1]", file=self.stream)
continue
processed.append(frac)
continue
except ValueError:
pass
processed.append(term)
if self.stats:
getattr(self.stats, fn)(*processed)
else:
print("No statistics object is loaded.", file=self.stream)
return 0
def generic_help(self):
print("Arguments may be:", file=self.stream)
print("* An integer maximum number of entries to print.", file=self.stream)
print("* A decimal fractional number between 0 and 1, controlling", file=self.stream)
print(" what fraction of selected entries to print.", file=self.stream)
print("* A regular expression; only entries with function names", file=self.stream)
print(" that match it are printed.", file=self.stream)
def do_add(self, line):
if self.stats:
try:
self.stats.add(line)
except OSError as e:
print("Failed to load statistics for %s: %s" % (line, e), file=self.stream)
else:
print("No statistics object is loaded.", file=self.stream)
return 0
def help_add(self):
print("Add profile info from given file to current statistics object.", file=self.stream)
def do_callees(self, line):
return self.generic('print_callees', line)
def help_callees(self):
print("Print callees statistics from the current stat object.", file=self.stream)
self.generic_help()
def do_callers(self, line):
return self.generic('print_callers', line)
def help_callers(self):
print("Print callers statistics from the current stat object.", file=self.stream)
self.generic_help()
def do_EOF(self, line):
print("", file=self.stream)
return 1
def help_EOF(self):
print("Leave the profile browser.", file=self.stream)
def do_quit(self, line):
return 1
def help_quit(self):
print("Leave the profile browser.", file=self.stream)
def do_read(self, line):
if line:
try:
self.stats = Stats(line)
except OSError as err:
print(err.args[1], file=self.stream)
return
except Exception as err:
print(err.__class__.__name__ + ':', err, file=self.stream)
return
self.prompt = line + "% "
elif len(self.prompt) > 2:
line = self.prompt[:-2]
self.do_read(line)
else:
print("No statistics object is current -- cannot reload.", file=self.stream)
return 0
def help_read(self):
print("Read in profile data from a specified file.", file=self.stream)
print("Without argument, reload the current file.", file=self.stream)
def do_reverse(self, line):
if self.stats:
self.stats.reverse_order()
else:
print("No statistics object is loaded.", file=self.stream)
return 0
def help_reverse(self):
print("Reverse the sort order of the profiling report.", file=self.stream)
def do_sort(self, line):
if not self.stats:
print("No statistics object is loaded.", file=self.stream)
return
abbrevs = self.stats.get_sort_arg_defs()
if line and all((x in abbrevs) for x in line.split()):
self.stats.sort_stats(*line.split())
else:
print("Valid sort keys (unique prefixes are accepted):", file=self.stream)
for (key, value) in Stats.sort_arg_dict_default.items():
print("%s -- %s" % (key, value[1]), file=self.stream)
return 0
def help_sort(self):
print("Sort profile data according to specified keys.", file=self.stream)
print("(Typing `sort' without arguments lists valid keys.)", file=self.stream)
def complete_sort(self, text, *args):
return [a for a in Stats.sort_arg_dict_default if a.startswith(text)]
def do_stats(self, line):
return self.generic('print_stats', line)
def help_stats(self):
print("Print statistics from the current stat object.", file=self.stream)
self.generic_help()
def do_strip(self, line):
if self.stats:
self.stats.strip_dirs()
else:
print("No statistics object is loaded.", file=self.stream)
def help_strip(self):
print("Strip leading path information from filenames in the report.", file=self.stream)
def help_help(self):
print("Show help for a given command.", file=self.stream)
def postcmd(self, stop, line):
if stop:
return stop
return None
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
initprofile = sys.argv[1]
else:
initprofile = None
try:
browser = ProfileBrowser(initprofile)
for profile in sys.argv[2:]:
browser.do_add(profile)
print("Welcome to the profile statistics browser.", file=browser.stream)
browser.cmdloop()
print("Goodbye.", file=browser.stream)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
# That's all, folks.
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