mirror of https://github.com/python/cpython
374 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
374 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
Building Python using VC++ 9.0
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------------------------------
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This directory is used to build Python for Win32 platforms, e.g. Windows
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2000, XP and Vista. It requires Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0
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(a.k.a. Visual Studio .NET 2008).
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(For other Windows platforms and compilers, see ../PC/readme.txt.)
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All you need to do is open the workspace "pcbuild.sln" in Visual Studio,
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select the desired combination of configuration and platform and eventually
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build the solution. Unless you are going to debug a problem in the core or
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you are going to create an optimized build you want to select "Release" as
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configuration.
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The PCbuild directory is compatible with all versions of Visual Studio from
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VS C++ Express Edition over the standard edition up to the professional
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edition. However the express edition does support features like solution
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folders or profile guided optimization (PGO). The missing bits and pieces
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won't stop you from building Python.
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The solution is configured to build the projects in the correct order. "Build
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Solution" or F7 takes care of dependencies except for x64 builds. To make
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cross compiling x64 builds on a 32bit OS possible the x64 builds require a
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32bit version of Python.
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NOTE:
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You probably don't want to build most of the other subprojects, unless
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you're building an entire Python distribution from scratch, or
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specifically making changes to the subsystems they implement, or are
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running a Python core buildbot test slave; see SUBPROJECTS below)
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When using the Debug setting, the output files have a _d added to
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their name: python30_d.dll, python_d.exe, parser_d.pyd, and so on. Both
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the build and rt batch files accept a -d option for debug builds.
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The 32bit builds end up in the solution folder PCbuild while the x64 builds
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land in the amd64 subfolder. The PGI and PGO builds for profile guided
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optimization end up in their own folders, too.
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Legacy support
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--------------
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You can find build directories for older versions of Visual Studio and
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Visual C++ in the PC directory. The legacy build directories are no longer
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actively maintained and may not work out of the box.
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PC/VC6/
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Visual C++ 6.0
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PC/VS7.1/
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Visual Studio 2003 (7.1)
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PCbuild8/
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Visual Studio 2005 (8.0)
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C RUNTIME
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---------
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Visual Studio 2008 uses version 9 of the C runtime (MSVCRT9). The executables
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are linked to a CRT "side by side" assembly which must be present on the target
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machine. This is avalible under the VC/Redist folder of your visual studio
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distribution. On XP and later operating systems that support
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side-by-side assemblies it is not enough to have the msvcrt80.dll present,
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it has to be there as a whole assembly, that is, a folder with the .dll
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and a .manifest. Also, a check is made for the correct version.
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Therefore, one should distribute this assembly with the dlls, and keep
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it in the same directory. For compatibility with older systems, one should
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also set the PATH to this directory so that the dll can be found.
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For more info, see the Readme in the VC/Redist folder.
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SUBPROJECTS
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-----------
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These subprojects should build out of the box. Subprojects other than the
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main ones (pythoncore, python, pythonw) generally build a DLL (renamed to
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.pyd) from a specific module so that users don't have to load the code
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supporting that module unless they import the module.
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pythoncore
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.dll and .lib
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python
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.exe
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pythonw
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pythonw.exe, a variant of python.exe that doesn't pop up a DOS box
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_socket
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socketmodule.c
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_testcapi
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tests of the Python C API, run via Lib/test/test_capi.py, and
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implemented by module Modules/_testcapimodule.c
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pyexpat
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Python wrapper for accelerated XML parsing, which incorporates stable
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code from the Expat project: http://sourceforge.net/projects/expat/
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select
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selectmodule.c
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unicodedata
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large tables of Unicode data
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winsound
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play sounds (typically .wav files) under Windows
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The following subprojects will generally NOT build out of the box. They
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wrap code Python doesn't control, and you'll need to download the base
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packages first and unpack them into siblings of PCbuilds's parent
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directory; for example, if your PCbuild is ..\dist\py3k\PCbuild\,
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unpack into new subdirectories of ..\dist\.
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_tkinter
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Python wrapper for the Tk windowing system. Requires building
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Tcl/Tk first. Following are instructions for Tcl/Tk 8.4.16.
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NOTE: The 64 build builds must land in tcltk64 instead of tcltk.
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Get source
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----------
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In the dist directory, run
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svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/tcl8.4.16
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svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/tk8.4.16
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svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/tix-8.4.0
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Build with build_tkinter.py
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---------------------------
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The PCbuild directory contains a Python script which automates all
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steps. Run the script in a Visual Studio 2008 command prompt with
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python build_tkinter.py Win32
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Use x64 instead of Win32 for the x64 platform.
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NOTE: Tcl/Tk 8.4 doesn't compile for x64.
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Build Tcl first
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---------------
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Use "Start -> All Programs -> Microsoft Visual Studio 2008
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-> Visual Studio Tools -> Visual Studio 2008 Command Prompt"
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to get a shell window with the correct environment settings
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cd dist\tcl8.4.16\win
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nmake -f makefile.vc
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nmake -f makefile.vc INSTALLDIR=..\..\tcltk install
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XXX Should we compile with OPTS=threads?
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Optional: run tests, via
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nmake -f makefile.vc test
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On WinXP Pro, wholly up to date as of 30-Aug-2004:
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all.tcl: Total 10678 Passed 9969 Skipped 709 Failed 0
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Sourced 129 Test Files.
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Build Tk
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--------
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cd dist\tk8.4.16\win
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nmake -f makefile.vc TCLDIR=..\..\tcl8.4.16
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nmake -f makefile.vc TCLDIR=..\..\tcl8.4.16 INSTALLDIR=..\..\tcltk install
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XXX Should we compile with OPTS=threads?
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XXX Our installer copies a lot of stuff out of the Tcl/Tk install
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XXX directory. Is all of that really needed for Python use of Tcl/Tk?
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Optional: run tests, via
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nmake -f makefile.vc TCLDIR=..\..\tcl8.4.16 test
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On WinXP Pro, wholly up to date as of 30-Aug-2004:
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all.tcl: Total 8420 Passed 6826 Skipped 1581 Failed 13
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Sourced 91 Test Files.
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Files with failing tests: canvImg.test scrollbar.test textWind.test winWm.test
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Built Tix
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---------
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cd dist\tix-8.4.0\win
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nmake -f python9.mak
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nmake -f python9.mak install
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bz2
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Python wrapper for the libbz2 compression library. Homepage
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http://sources.redhat.com/bzip2/
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Download the source from the python.org copy into the dist
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directory:
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svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/bzip2-1.0.3
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A custom pre-link step in the bz2 project settings should manage to
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build bzip2-1.0.3\libbz2.lib by magic before bz2.pyd (or bz2_d.pyd) is
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linked in PCbuild\.
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However, the bz2 project is not smart enough to remove anything under
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bzip2-1.0.3\ when you do a clean, so if you want to rebuild bzip2.lib
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you need to clean up bzip2-1.0.3\ by hand.
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All of this managed to build libbz2.lib in
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bzip2-1.0.3\$platform-$configuration\, which the Python project links in.
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_bsddb
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To use the version of bsddb that Python is built with by default, invoke
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(in the dist directory)
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svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/db-4.4.20
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Next open the solution file db-4.4.20\build_win32\Berkeley_DB.sln with
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Visual Studio and convert the projects to the new format. VS 2008
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builds the necessary libraries in a pre-link step of _bsddb. You
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have to add "$(VCInstallDir)vcpackages" to the search path first
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(Tools -> Options -> Projects and Solutions -> VC++ Directories,
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Platform: Win32, Show directories for: Executable files).
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The _bsddb subprojects depends only on the db_static project of
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Berkeley DB. You have to choose either "Release", "Release AMD64", "Debug"
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or "Debug AMD64" as configuration. For the AND64 builds, you need to
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create the "x64" platform first (in Solution Platforms\Configuration
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Manager...)
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Alternatively, if you want to start with the original sources,
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go to Sleepycat's download page:
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http://www.sleepycat.com/downloads/releasehistorybdb.html
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and download version 4.4.20.
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With or without strong cryptography? You can choose either with or
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without strong cryptography, as per the instructions below. By
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default, Python is built and distributed WITHOUT strong crypto.
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Unpack the sources; if you downloaded the non-crypto version, rename
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the directory from db-4.4.20.NC to db-4.4.20.
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Now apply any patches that apply to your version.
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Open
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db-4.4.20\docs\ref\build_win\intro.html
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and follow the "Windows->Building Berkeley DB with Visual C++ .NET"
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instructions for building the Sleepycat
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software. Note that Berkeley_DB.dsw is in the build_win32 subdirectory.
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Build the "db_static" project, for "Release" mode.
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To run extensive tests, pass "-u bsddb" to regrtest.py. test_bsddb3.py
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is then enabled. Running in verbose mode may be helpful.
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_sqlite3
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Python wrapper for SQLite library.
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Get the source code through
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svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/sqlite-source-3.3.4
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To use the extension module in a Python build tree, copy sqlite3.dll into
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the PCbuild folder. The source directory in svn also contains a .def file
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from the binary release of sqlite3.
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_ssl
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Python wrapper for the secure sockets library.
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Get the source code through
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svn export http://svn.python.org/projects/external/openssl-0.9.8g
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Alternatively, get the latest version from http://www.openssl.org.
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You can (theoretically) use any version of OpenSSL you like - the
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build process will automatically select the latest version.
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You must install the NASM assembler from
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http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/devel/nasm/binaries/win32/
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for x86 builds. Put nasmw.exe anywhere in your PATH.
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You can also install ActivePerl from
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http://www.activestate.com/Products/ActivePerl/
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if you like to use the official sources instead of the files from
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python's subversion repository. The svn version contains pre-build
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makefiles and assembly files.
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The build process makes sure that no patented algorithms are included.
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For now RC5, MDC2 and IDEA are excluded from the build. You may have
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to manually remove $(OBJ_D)\i_*.obj from ms\nt.mak if the build process
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complains about missing files or forbidden IDEA. Again the files provided
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in the subversion repository are already fixed.
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The MSVC project simply invokes PCBuild/build_ssl.py to perform
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the build. This Python script locates and builds your OpenSSL
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installation, then invokes a simple makefile to build the final .pyd.
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build_ssl.py attempts to catch the most common errors (such as not
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being able to find OpenSSL sources, or not being able to find a Perl
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that works with OpenSSL) and give a reasonable error message.
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If you have a problem that doesn't seem to be handled correctly
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(eg, you know you have ActivePerl but we can't find it), please take
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a peek at build_ssl.py and suggest patches. Note that build_ssl.py
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should be able to be run directly from the command-line.
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build_ssl.py/MSVC isn't clever enough to clean OpenSSL - you must do
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this by hand.
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Building for Itanium
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--------------------
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NOTE:
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Official support for Itanium builds have been dropped from the build. Please
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contact us and provide patches if you are interested in Itanium builds.
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The project files support a ReleaseItanium configuration which creates
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Win64/Itanium binaries. For this to work, you need to install the Platform
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SDK, in particular the 64-bit support. This includes an Itanium compiler
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(future releases of the SDK likely include an AMD64 compiler as well).
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In addition, you need the Visual Studio plugin for external C compilers,
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from http://sf.net/projects/vsextcomp. The plugin will wrap cl.exe, to
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locate the proper target compiler, and convert compiler options
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accordingly. The project files require atleast version 0.9.
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Building for AMD64
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------------------
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The build process for AMD64 / x64 is very similar to standard builds. You just
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have to set x64 as platform. In addition, the HOST_PYTHON environment variable
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must point to a Python interpreter (at least 2.4), to support cross-compilation.
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Building Python Using the free MS Toolkit Compiler
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--------------------------------------------------
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Microsoft has withdrawn the free MS Toolkit Compiler, so this can no longer
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be considered a supported option. Instead you can use the free VS C++ Express
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Edition.
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Profile Guided Optimization
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---------------------------
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The solution has two configurations for PGO. The PGInstrument
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configuration must be build first. The PGInstrument binaries are
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lniked against a profiling library and contain extra debug
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information. The PGUpdate configuration takes the profiling data and
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generates optimized binaries.
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The build_pgo.bat script automates the creation of optimized binaries. It
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creates the PGI files, runs the unit test suite or PyBench with the PGI
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python and finally creates the optimized files.
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http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/e7k32f4k(VS.90).aspx
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Static library
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--------------
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The solution has no configuration for static libraries. However it is easy
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it build a static library instead of a DLL. You simply have to set the
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"Configuration Type" to "Static Library (.lib)" and alter the preprocessor
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macro "Py_ENABLE_SHARED" to "Py_NO_ENABLE_SHARED". You may also have to
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change the "Runtime Library" from "Multi-threaded DLL (/MD)" to
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"Multi-threaded (/MT)".
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Visual Studio properties
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------------------------
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The PCbuild solution makes heavy use of Visual Studio property files
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(*.vsprops). The properties can be viewed and altered in the Property
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Manager (View -> Other Windows -> Property Manager).
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* debug (debug macro: _DEBUG)
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* pginstrument (PGO)
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* pgupdate (PGO)
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+-- pginstrument
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* pyd (python extension, release build)
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+-- release
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+-- pyproject
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* pyd_d (python extension, debug build)
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+-- debug
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+-- pyproject
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* pyproject (base settings for all projects, user macros like PyDllName)
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* release (release macro: NDEBUG)
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* x64 (AMD64 / x64 platform specific settings)
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The pyproject propertyfile defines _WIN32 and x64 defines _WIN64 and _M_X64
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although the macros are set by the compiler, too. The GUI doesn't always know
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about the macros and confuse the user with false information.
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YOUR OWN EXTENSION DLLs
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-----------------------
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If you want to create your own extension module DLL, there's an example
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with easy-to-follow instructions in ../PC/example/; read the file
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readme.txt there first.
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