cpython/Modules/threadmodule.c

/***********************************************************
Copyright 1991-1995 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam,
The Netherlands.

                        All Rights Reserved

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
supporting documentation, and that the names of Stichting Mathematisch
Centrum or CWI or Corporation for National Research Initiatives or
CNRI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
distribution of the software without specific, written prior
permission.

While CWI is the initial source for this software, a modified version
is made available by the Corporation for National Research Initiatives
(CNRI) at the Internet address ftp://ftp.python.org.

STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM AND CNRI DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES WITH
REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH
CENTRUM OR CNRI BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER
TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

******************************************************************/

/* Thread module */
/* Interface to Sjoerd's portable C thread library */

#include "Python.h"

#ifndef WITH_THREAD
#error "Error!  The rest of Python is not compiled with thread support."
#error "Rerun configure, adding a --with-thread option."
#error "Then run `make clean' followed by `make'."
#endif

#include "pythread.h"

static PyObject *ThreadError;


/* Lock objects */

typedef struct {
	PyObject_HEAD
	type_lock lock_lock;
} lockobject;

staticforward PyTypeObject Locktype;

static lockobject *
newlockobject()
{
	lockobject *self;
	self = PyObject_NEW(lockobject, &Locktype);
	if (self == NULL)
		return NULL;
	self->lock_lock = allocate_lock();
	if (self->lock_lock == NULL) {
		PyMem_DEL(self);
		self = NULL;
		PyErr_SetString(ThreadError, "can't allocate lock");
	}
	return self;
}

static void
lock_dealloc(self)
	lockobject *self;
{
	/* Unlock the lock so it's safe to free it */
	acquire_lock(self->lock_lock, 0);
	release_lock(self->lock_lock);
	
	free_lock(self->lock_lock);
	PyMem_DEL(self);
}

static PyObject *
lock_acquire_lock(self, args)
	lockobject *self;
	PyObject *args;
{
	int i;

	if (args != NULL) {
		if (!PyArg_Parse(args, "i", &i))
			return NULL;
	}
	else
		i = 1;

	Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
	i = acquire_lock(self->lock_lock, i);
	Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS

	if (args == NULL) {
		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
		return Py_None;
	}
	else
		return PyInt_FromLong((long)i);
}

static char acquire_doc[] =
"acquire([wait]) -> None or Boolean\n\
(acquire_lock() is an obsolete synonym)\n\
\n\
Lock the lock.  Without argument, this blocks if the lock is already\n\
locked (even by the same thread), waiting for another thread to release\n\
the lock, and return None when the lock is acquired.\n\
With a Boolean argument, this will only block if the argument is true,\n\
and the return value reflects whether the lock is acquired.\n\
The blocking operation is not interruptible.";

static PyObject *
lock_release_lock(self, args)
	lockobject *self;
	PyObject *args;
{
	if (!PyArg_NoArgs(args))
		return NULL;

	/* Sanity check: the lock must be locked */
	if (acquire_lock(self->lock_lock, 0)) {
		release_lock(self->lock_lock);
		PyErr_SetString(ThreadError, "release unlocked lock");
		return NULL;
	}

	release_lock(self->lock_lock);
	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
	return Py_None;
}

static char release_doc[] =
"release()\n\
(release_lock() is an obsolete synonym)\n\
\n\
Release the lock, allowing another thread that is blocked waiting for\n\
the lock to acquire the lock.  The lock must be in the locked state,\n\
but it needn't be locked by the same thread that unlocks it.";

static PyObject *
lock_locked_lock(self, args)
	lockobject *self;
	PyObject *args;
{
	if (!PyArg_NoArgs(args))
		return NULL;

	if (acquire_lock(self->lock_lock, 0)) {
		release_lock(self->lock_lock);
		return PyInt_FromLong(0L);
	}
	return PyInt_FromLong(1L);
}

static char locked_doc[] =
"locked() -> Boolean\n\
(locked_lock() is an obsolete synonym)\n\
\n\
Return whether the lock is in the locked state.";

static PyMethodDef lock_methods[] = {
	{"acquire_lock", (PyCFunction)lock_acquire_lock, 0, acquire_doc},
	{"acquire",      (PyCFunction)lock_acquire_lock, 0, acquire_doc},
	{"release_lock", (PyCFunction)lock_release_lock, 0, release_doc},
	{"release",      (PyCFunction)lock_release_lock, 0, release_doc},
	{"locked_lock",  (PyCFunction)lock_locked_lock,  0, locked_doc},
	{"locked",       (PyCFunction)lock_locked_lock,  0, locked_doc},
	{NULL,           NULL}		/* sentinel */
};

static PyObject *
lock_getattr(self, name)
	lockobject *self;
	char *name;
{
	return Py_FindMethod(lock_methods, (PyObject *)self, name);
}

static PyTypeObject Locktype = {
	PyObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type)
	0,				/*ob_size*/
	"lock",				/*tp_name*/
	sizeof(lockobject),		/*tp_size*/
	0,				/*tp_itemsize*/
	/* methods */
	(destructor)lock_dealloc,	/*tp_dealloc*/
	0,				/*tp_print*/
	(getattrfunc)lock_getattr,	/*tp_getattr*/
	0,				/*tp_setattr*/
	0,				/*tp_compare*/
	0,				/*tp_repr*/
};


/* Module functions */

struct bootstate {
	PyInterpreterState *interp;
	PyObject *func;
	PyObject *args;
	PyObject *keyw;
};

static void
t_bootstrap(boot_raw)
	void *boot_raw;
{
	struct bootstate *boot = (struct bootstate *) boot_raw;
	PyThreadState *tstate;
	PyObject *res;

	tstate = PyThreadState_New(boot->interp);
	PyEval_AcquireThread(tstate);
	res = PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords(
		boot->func, boot->args, boot->keyw);
	Py_DECREF(boot->func);
	Py_DECREF(boot->args);
	Py_XDECREF(boot->keyw);
	PyMem_DEL(boot_raw);
	if (res == NULL) {
		if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_SystemExit))
			PyErr_Clear();
		else {
			fprintf(stderr, "Unhandled exception in thread:\n");
			PyErr_PrintEx(0);
		}
	}
	else
		Py_DECREF(res);
	PyThreadState_Clear(tstate);
	PyEval_ReleaseThread(tstate);
	PyThreadState_Delete(tstate);
#ifdef __BEOS__
	/* Dunno if this will cause problems with other ports; the BeOS thread
	 * support features only 100% renamed functions. [cjh]
	 */
	PyThread_exit_thread();
#else
	exit_thread();
#endif
}

static PyObject *
thread_start_new_thread(self, fargs)
	PyObject *self; /* Not used */
	PyObject *fargs;
{
	PyObject *func, *args = NULL, *keyw = NULL;
	struct bootstate *boot;

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(fargs, "OO|O", &func, &args, &keyw))
		return NULL;
	if (!PyCallable_Check(func)) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
				"first arg must be callable");
		return NULL;
	}
	if (!PyTuple_Check(args)) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
				"optional 2nd arg must be a tuple");
		return NULL;
	}
	if (keyw != NULL && !PyDict_Check(keyw)) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
				"optional 3rd arg must be a dictionary");
		return NULL;
	}
	boot = PyMem_NEW(struct bootstate, 1);
	if (boot == NULL)
		return PyErr_NoMemory();
	boot->interp = PyThreadState_Get()->interp;
	boot->func = func;
	boot->args = args;
	boot->keyw = keyw;
	Py_INCREF(func);
	Py_INCREF(args);
	Py_XINCREF(keyw);
	PyEval_InitThreads(); /* Start the interpreter's thread-awareness */
	if (!start_new_thread(t_bootstrap, (void*) boot)) {
		PyErr_SetString(ThreadError, "can't start new thread\n");
		Py_DECREF(func);
		Py_DECREF(args);
		Py_XDECREF(keyw);
		PyMem_DEL(boot);
		return NULL;
	}
	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
	return Py_None;
}

static char start_new_doc[] =
"start_new_thread(functon, args[, kwargs])\n\
(start_new() is an obsolete synonym)\n\
\n\
Start a new thread.  The thread will call the function with positional\n\
arguments from the tuple args and keyword arguments taken from the optional\n\
dictionary kwargs.  The thread exits when the function returns; the return\n\
value is ignored.  The thread will also exit when the function raises an\n\
unhandled exception; a stack trace will be printed unless the exception is\n\
SystemExit.";

static PyObject *
thread_exit_thread(self, args)
	PyObject *self; /* Not used */
	PyObject *args;
{
	if (!PyArg_NoArgs(args))
		return NULL;
	PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_SystemExit);
	return NULL;
}

static char exit_doc[] =
"exit()\n\
(exit_thread() is an obsolete synonym)\n\
\n\
This is synonymous to ``raise SystemExit''.  It will cause the current\n\
thread to exit silently unless the exception is caught.";

#ifndef NO_EXIT_PROG
static PyObject *
thread_exit_prog(self, args)
	PyObject *self; /* Not used */
	PyObject *args;
{
	int sts;
	if (!PyArg_Parse(args, "i", &sts))
		return NULL;
	Py_Exit(sts); /* Calls exit_prog(sts) or _exit_prog(sts) */
	for (;;) { } /* Should not be reached */
}
#endif

static PyObject *
thread_allocate_lock(self, args)
	PyObject *self; /* Not used */
	PyObject *args;
{
	if (!PyArg_NoArgs(args))
		return NULL;
	return (PyObject *) newlockobject();
}

static char allocate_doc[] =
"allocate_lock() -> lock object\n\
(allocate() is an obsolete synonym)\n\
\n\
Create a new lock object.  See LockType.__doc__ for information about locks.";

static PyObject *
thread_get_ident(self, args)
	PyObject *self; /* Not used */
	PyObject *args;
{
	long ident;
	if (!PyArg_NoArgs(args))
		return NULL;
	ident = get_thread_ident();
	if (ident == -1) {
		PyErr_SetString(ThreadError, "no current thread ident");
		return NULL;
	}
	return PyInt_FromLong(ident);
}

static char get_ident_doc[] =
"get_ident() -> integer\n\
\n\
Return a non-zero integer that uniquely identifies the current thread\n\
amongst other threads that exist simultaneously.\n\
This may be used to identify per-thread resources.\n\
Even though on some platforms threads identities may appear to be\n\
allocated consecutive numbers starting at 1, this behavior should not\n\
be relied upon, and the number should be seen purely as a magic cookie.\n\
A thread's identity may be reused for another thread after it exits.";

static PyMethodDef thread_methods[] = {
	{"start_new_thread",	(PyCFunction)thread_start_new_thread, 1,
				start_new_doc},
	{"start_new",		(PyCFunction)thread_start_new_thread, 1,
				start_new_doc},
	{"allocate_lock",	(PyCFunction)thread_allocate_lock, 0,
				allocate_doc},
	{"allocate",		(PyCFunction)thread_allocate_lock, 0,
				allocate_doc},
	{"exit_thread",		(PyCFunction)thread_exit_thread, 0,
				exit_doc},
	{"exit",		(PyCFunction)thread_exit_thread, 0,
				exit_doc},
	{"get_ident",		(PyCFunction)thread_get_ident, 0,
				get_ident_doc},
#ifndef NO_EXIT_PROG
	{"exit_prog",		(PyCFunction)thread_exit_prog},
#endif
	{NULL,			NULL}		/* sentinel */
};


/* Initialization function */

static char thread_doc[] =
"This module provides primitive operations to write multi-threaded programs.\n\
The 'threading' module provides a more convenient interface.";

static char lock_doc[] =
"A lock object is a synchronization primitive.  To create a lock,\n\
call the allocate_lock() function.  Methods are:\n\
\n\
acquire() -- lock the lock, possibly blocking until it can be obtained\n\
release() -- unlock of the lock\n\
locked() -- test whether the lock is currently locked\n\
\n\
A lock is not owned by the thread that locked it; another thread may\n\
unlock it.  A thread attempting to lock a lock that it has already locked\n\
will block until another thread unlocks it.  Deadlocks may ensue.";

DL_EXPORT(void)
initthread()
{
	PyObject *m, *d;

	/* Create the module and add the functions */
	m = Py_InitModule3("thread", thread_methods, thread_doc);

	/* Add a symbolic constant */
	d = PyModule_GetDict(m);
	ThreadError = PyErr_NewException("thread.error", NULL, NULL);
	PyDict_SetItemString(d, "error", ThreadError);
	Locktype.tp_doc = lock_doc;
	Py_INCREF(&Locktype);
	PyDict_SetItemString(d, "LockType", (PyObject *)&Locktype);

	/* Initialize the C thread library */
	init_thread();
}