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cpython/Lib/unittest.py

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#!/usr/bin/env python
'''
Python unit testing framework, based on Erich Gamma's JUnit and Kent Beck's
Smalltalk testing framework.
This module contains the core framework classes that form the basis of
specific test cases and suites (TestCase, TestSuite etc.), and also a
text-based utility class for running the tests and reporting the results
(TextTestRunner).
Simple usage:
import unittest
class IntegerArithmenticTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def testAdd(self): ## test method names begin 'test*'
self.assertEquals((1 + 2), 3)
self.assertEquals(0 + 1, 1)
def testMultiply(self):
self.assertEquals((0 * 10), 0)
self.assertEquals((5 * 8), 40)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
Further information is available in the bundled documentation, and from
http://docs.python.org/lib/module-unittest.html
Copyright (c) 1999-2003 Steve Purcell
This module is free software, and you may redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Python itself, so long as this copyright message
and disclaimer are retained in their original form.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT,
SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
THIS CODE, EVEN IF THE AUTHOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.
THE AUTHOR SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE CODE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS" BASIS,
AND THERE IS NO OBLIGATION WHATSOEVER TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE,
SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
'''
__author__ = "Steve Purcell"
__email__ = "stephen_purcell at yahoo dot com"
__version__ = "#Revision: 1.63 $"[11:-2]
import time
import sys
import traceback
import os
import types
##############################################################################
# Exported classes and functions
##############################################################################
__all__ = ['TestResult', 'TestCase', 'TestSuite', 'TextTestRunner',
'TestLoader', 'FunctionTestCase', 'main', 'defaultTestLoader']
# Expose obsolete functions for backwards compatibility
__all__.extend(['getTestCaseNames', 'makeSuite', 'findTestCases'])
##############################################################################
# Test framework core
##############################################################################
def _strclass(cls):
return "%s.%s" % (cls.__module__, cls.__name__)
__unittest = 1
class TestResult(object):
"""Holder for test result information.
Test results are automatically managed by the TestCase and TestSuite
classes, and do not need to be explicitly manipulated by writers of tests.
Each instance holds the total number of tests run, and collections of
failures and errors that occurred among those test runs. The collections
contain tuples of (testcase, exceptioninfo), where exceptioninfo is the
formatted traceback of the error that occurred.
"""
def __init__(self):
self.failures = []
self.errors = []
self.testsRun = 0
self.shouldStop = False
def startTest(self, test):
"Called when the given test is about to be run"
self.testsRun = self.testsRun + 1
def stopTest(self, test):
"Called when the given test has been run"
pass
def addError(self, test, err):
"""Called when an error has occurred. 'err' is a tuple of values as
returned by sys.exc_info().
"""
self.errors.append((test, self._exc_info_to_string(err, test)))
def addFailure(self, test, err):
"""Called when an error has occurred. 'err' is a tuple of values as
returned by sys.exc_info()."""
self.failures.append((test, self._exc_info_to_string(err, test)))
def addSuccess(self, test):
"Called when a test has completed successfully"
pass
def wasSuccessful(self):
"Tells whether or not this result was a success"
return len(self.failures) == len(self.errors) == 0
def stop(self):
"Indicates that the tests should be aborted"
self.shouldStop = True
def _exc_info_to_string(self, err, test):
"""Converts a sys.exc_info()-style tuple of values into a string."""
exctype, value, tb = err
# Skip test runner traceback levels
while tb and self._is_relevant_tb_level(tb):
tb = tb.tb_next
if exctype is test.failureException:
# Skip assert*() traceback levels
length = self._count_relevant_tb_levels(tb)
return ''.join(traceback.format_exception(exctype, value,
tb, length))
return ''.join(traceback.format_exception(exctype, value, tb))
def _is_relevant_tb_level(self, tb):
return '__unittest' in tb.tb_frame.f_globals
def _count_relevant_tb_levels(self, tb):
length = 0
while tb and not self._is_relevant_tb_level(tb):
length += 1
tb = tb.tb_next
return length
def __repr__(self):
return "<%s run=%i errors=%i failures=%i>" % \
(_strclass(self.__class__), self.testsRun, len(self.errors),
len(self.failures))
class AssertRaisesContext(object):
def __init__(self, expected, test_case, callable_obj=None):
self.expected = expected
self.failureException = test_case.failureException
if callable_obj is not None:
try:
self.obj_name = callable_obj.__name__
except AttributeError:
self.obj_name = str(callable_obj)
else:
self.obj_name = None
def __enter__(self):
pass
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
if exc_type is None:
try:
exc_name = self.expected.__name__
except AttributeError:
exc_name = str(self.expected)
if self.obj_name:
raise self.failureException("{0} not raised by {1}"
.format(exc_name, self.obj_name))
else:
raise self.failureException("{0} not raised"
.format(exc_name))
if issubclass(exc_type, self.expected):
return True
# Let unexpected exceptions skip through
return False
class TestCase(object):
"""A class whose instances are single test cases.
By default, the test code itself should be placed in a method named
'runTest'.
If the fixture may be used for many test cases, create as
many test methods as are needed. When instantiating such a TestCase
subclass, specify in the constructor arguments the name of the test method
that the instance is to execute.
Test authors should subclass TestCase for their own tests. Construction
and deconstruction of the test's environment ('fixture') can be
implemented by overriding the 'setUp' and 'tearDown' methods respectively.
If it is necessary to override the __init__ method, the base class
__init__ method must always be called. It is important that subclasses
should not change the signature of their __init__ method, since instances
of the classes are instantiated automatically by parts of the framework
in order to be run.
"""
# This attribute determines which exception will be raised when
# the instance's assertion methods fail; test methods raising this
# exception will be deemed to have 'failed' rather than 'errored'
failureException = AssertionError
def __init__(self, methodName='runTest'):
"""Create an instance of the class that will use the named test
method when executed. Raises a ValueError if the instance does
not have a method with the specified name.
"""
try:
self._testMethodName = methodName
testMethod = getattr(self, methodName)
self._testMethodDoc = testMethod.__doc__
except AttributeError:
raise ValueError("no such test method in %s: %s" % \
(self.__class__, methodName))
def setUp(self):
"Hook method for setting up the test fixture before exercising it."
pass
def tearDown(self):
"Hook method for deconstructing the test fixture after testing it."
pass
def countTestCases(self):
return 1
def defaultTestResult(self):
return TestResult()
def shortDescription(self):
"""Returns a one-line description of the test, or None if no
description has been provided.
The default implementation of this method returns the first line of
the specified test method's docstring.
"""
doc = self._testMethodDoc
return doc and doc.split("\n")[0].strip() or None
def id(self):
return "%s.%s" % (_strclass(self.__class__), self._testMethodName)
def __eq__(self, other):
if type(self) is not type(other):
return False
return self._testMethodName == other._testMethodName
def __ne__(self, other):
return not self == other
def __hash__(self):
return hash((type(self), self._testMethodName))
def __str__(self):
return "%s (%s)" % (self._testMethodName, _strclass(self.__class__))
def __repr__(self):
return "<%s testMethod=%s>" % \
(_strclass(self.__class__), self._testMethodName)
def run(self, result=None):
if result is None: result = self.defaultTestResult()
result.startTest(self)
testMethod = getattr(self, self._testMethodName)
try:
try:
self.setUp()
except Exception:
result.addError(self, self._exc_info())
return
ok = False
try:
testMethod()
ok = True
except self.failureException:
result.addFailure(self, self._exc_info())
except Exception:
result.addError(self, self._exc_info())
try:
self.tearDown()
except Exception:
result.addError(self, self._exc_info())
ok = False
if ok: result.addSuccess(self)
finally:
result.stopTest(self)
def __call__(self, *args, **kwds):
return self.run(*args, **kwds)
def debug(self):
"""Run the test without collecting errors in a TestResult"""
self.setUp()
getattr(self, self._testMethodName)()
self.tearDown()
def _exc_info(self):
"""Return a version of sys.exc_info() with the traceback frame
minimised; usually the top level of the traceback frame is not
needed.
"""
return sys.exc_info()
def fail(self, msg=None):
"""Fail immediately, with the given message."""
raise self.failureException(msg)
def failIf(self, expr, msg=None):
"Fail the test if the expression is true."
if expr: raise self.failureException(msg)
def failUnless(self, expr, msg=None):
"""Fail the test unless the expression is true."""
if not expr: raise self.failureException(msg)
def failUnlessRaises(self, excClass, callableObj=None, *args, **kwargs):
"""Fail unless an exception of class excClass is thrown
by callableObj when invoked with arguments args and keyword
arguments kwargs. If a different type of exception is
thrown, it will not be caught, and the test case will be
deemed to have suffered an error, exactly as for an
unexpected exception.
If called with callableObj omitted or None, will return a
context object used like this::
with self.failUnlessRaises(some_error_class):
do_something()
"""
context = AssertRaisesContext(excClass, self, callableObj)
if callableObj is None:
return context
with context:
callableObj(*args, **kwargs)
def failUnlessEqual(self, first, second, msg=None):
"""Fail if the two objects are unequal as determined by the '=='
operator.
"""
if not first == second:
raise self.failureException(msg or '%r != %r' % (first, second))
def failIfEqual(self, first, second, msg=None):
"""Fail if the two objects are equal as determined by the '=='
operator.
"""
if first == second:
raise self.failureException(msg or '%r == %r' % (first, second))
def failUnlessAlmostEqual(self, first, second, *, places=7, msg=None):
"""Fail if the two objects are unequal as determined by their
difference rounded to the given number of decimal places
(default 7) and comparing to zero.
Note that decimal places (from zero) are usually not the same
as significant digits (measured from the most signficant digit).
"""
if round(abs(second-first), places) != 0:
raise self.failureException(
msg or '%r != %r within %r places' % (first, second, places))
def failIfAlmostEqual(self, first, second, *, places=7, msg=None):
"""Fail if the two objects are equal as determined by their
difference rounded to the given number of decimal places
(default 7) and comparing to zero.
Note that decimal places (from zero) are usually not the same
as significant digits (measured from the most signficant digit).
"""
if round(abs(second-first), places) == 0:
raise self.failureException(
msg or '%r == %r within %r places' % (first, second, places))
# Synonyms for assertion methods
assertEqual = assertEquals = failUnlessEqual
assertNotEqual = assertNotEquals = failIfEqual
assertAlmostEqual = assertAlmostEquals = failUnlessAlmostEqual
assertNotAlmostEqual = assertNotAlmostEquals = failIfAlmostEqual
assertRaises = failUnlessRaises
assert_ = assertTrue = failUnless
assertFalse = failIf
class TestSuite(object):
"""A test suite is a composite test consisting of a number of TestCases.
For use, create an instance of TestSuite, then add test case instances.
When all tests have been added, the suite can be passed to a test
runner, such as TextTestRunner. It will run the individual test cases
in the order in which they were added, aggregating the results. When
subclassing, do not forget to call the base class constructor.
"""
def __init__(self, tests=()):
self._tests = []
self.addTests(tests)
def __repr__(self):
return "<%s tests=%s>" % (_strclass(self.__class__), self._tests)
__str__ = __repr__
def __eq__(self, other):
if type(self) is not type(other):
return False
return self._tests == other._tests
def __ne__(self, other):
return not self == other
def __iter__(self):
return iter(self._tests)
def countTestCases(self):
cases = 0
for test in self._tests:
cases += test.countTestCases()
return cases
def addTest(self, test):
# sanity checks
if not hasattr(test, '__call__'):
raise TypeError("the test to add must be callable")
if isinstance(test, type) and issubclass(test, (TestCase, TestSuite)):
raise TypeError("TestCases and TestSuites must be instantiated "
"before passing them to addTest()")
self._tests.append(test)
def addTests(self, tests):
if isinstance(tests, str):
raise TypeError("tests must be an iterable of tests, not a string")
for test in tests:
self.addTest(test)
def run(self, result):
for test in self._tests:
if result.shouldStop:
break
test(result)
return result
def __call__(self, *args, **kwds):
return self.run(*args, **kwds)
def debug(self):
"""Run the tests without collecting errors in a TestResult"""
for test in self._tests: test.debug()
class FunctionTestCase(TestCase):
"""A test case that wraps a test function.
This is useful for slipping pre-existing test functions into the
unittest framework. Optionally, set-up and tidy-up functions can be
supplied. As with TestCase, the tidy-up ('tearDown') function will
always be called if the set-up ('setUp') function ran successfully.
"""
def __init__(self, testFunc, setUp=None, tearDown=None,
description=None):
TestCase.__init__(self)
self.__setUpFunc = setUp
self.__tearDownFunc = tearDown
self.__testFunc = testFunc
self.__description = description
def setUp(self):
if self.__setUpFunc is not None:
self.__setUpFunc()
def tearDown(self):
if self.__tearDownFunc is not None:
self.__tearDownFunc()
def runTest(self):
self.__testFunc()
def id(self):
return self.__testFunc.__name__
def __eq__(self, other):
if type(self) is not type(other):
return False
return self.__setUpFunc == other.__setUpFunc and \
self.__tearDownFunc == other.__tearDownFunc and \
self.__testFunc == other.__testFunc and \
self.__description == other.__description
def __ne__(self, other):
return not self == other
def __hash__(self):
return hash((type(self), self.__setUpFunc, self.__tearDownFunc,
self.__testFunc, self.__description))
def __str__(self):
return "%s (%s)" % (_strclass(self.__class__),
self.__testFunc.__name__)
def __repr__(self):
return "<%s testFunc=%s>" % (_strclass(self.__class__),
self.__testFunc)
def shortDescription(self):
if self.__description is not None: return self.__description
doc = self.__testFunc.__doc__
return doc and doc.split("\n")[0].strip() or None
##############################################################################
# Locating and loading tests
##############################################################################
def CmpToKey(mycmp):
'Convert a cmp= function into a key= function'
class K(object):
def __init__(self, obj, *args):
self.obj = obj
def __lt__(self, other):
return mycmp(self.obj, other.obj) == -1
return K
class TestLoader(object):
"""This class is responsible for loading tests according to various
criteria and returning them wrapped in a TestSuite
"""
testMethodPrefix = 'test'
sortTestMethodsUsing = cmp
suiteClass = TestSuite
def loadTestsFromTestCase(self, testCaseClass):
"""Return a suite of all tests cases contained in testCaseClass"""
if issubclass(testCaseClass, TestSuite):
raise TypeError("Test cases should not be derived from TestSuite."
"Maybe you meant to derive from TestCase?")
testCaseNames = self.getTestCaseNames(testCaseClass)
if not testCaseNames and hasattr(testCaseClass, 'runTest'):
testCaseNames = ['runTest']
return self.suiteClass(map(testCaseClass, testCaseNames))
def loadTestsFromModule(self, module):
"""Return a suite of all tests cases contained in the given module"""
tests = []
for name in dir(module):
obj = getattr(module, name)
if isinstance(obj, type) and issubclass(obj, TestCase):
tests.append(self.loadTestsFromTestCase(obj))
return self.suiteClass(tests)
def loadTestsFromName(self, name, module=None):
"""Return a suite of all tests cases given a string specifier.
The name may resolve either to a module, a test case class, a
test method within a test case class, or a callable object which
returns a TestCase or TestSuite instance.
The method optionally resolves the names relative to a given module.
"""
parts = name.split('.')
if module is None:
parts_copy = parts[:]
while parts_copy:
try:
module = __import__('.'.join(parts_copy))
break
except ImportError:
del parts_copy[-1]
if not parts_copy: raise
parts = parts[1:]
obj = module
for part in parts:
parent, obj = obj, getattr(obj, part)
if isinstance(obj, types.ModuleType):
return self.loadTestsFromModule(obj)
elif isinstance(obj, type) and issubclass(obj, TestCase):
return self.loadTestsFromTestCase(obj)
elif (isinstance(obj, types.FunctionType) and
isinstance(parent, type) and
issubclass(parent, TestCase)):
name = obj.__name__
inst = parent(name)
# static methods follow a different path
if not isinstance(getattr(inst, name), types.FunctionType):
return TestSuite([inst])
elif isinstance(obj, TestSuite):
return obj
if hasattr(obj, '__call__'):
test = obj()
if isinstance(test, TestSuite):
return test
elif isinstance(test, TestCase):
return TestSuite([test])
else:
raise TypeError("calling %s returned %s, not a test" %
(obj, test))
else:
raise TypeError("don't know how to make test from: %s" % obj)
def loadTestsFromNames(self, names, module=None):
"""Return a suite of all tests cases found using the given sequence
of string specifiers. See 'loadTestsFromName()'.
"""
suites = [self.loadTestsFromName(name, module) for name in names]
return self.suiteClass(suites)
def getTestCaseNames(self, testCaseClass):
"""Return a sorted sequence of method names found within testCaseClass
"""
def isTestMethod(attrname, testCaseClass=testCaseClass,
prefix=self.testMethodPrefix):
return attrname.startswith(prefix) \
and hasattr(getattr(testCaseClass, attrname), '__call__')
testFnNames = list(filter(isTestMethod, dir(testCaseClass)))
if self.sortTestMethodsUsing:
testFnNames.sort(key=CmpToKey(self.sortTestMethodsUsing))
return testFnNames
defaultTestLoader = TestLoader()
##############################################################################
# Patches for old functions: these functions should be considered obsolete
##############################################################################
def _makeLoader(prefix, sortUsing, suiteClass=None):
loader = TestLoader()
loader.sortTestMethodsUsing = sortUsing
loader.testMethodPrefix = prefix
if suiteClass: loader.suiteClass = suiteClass
return loader
def getTestCaseNames(testCaseClass, prefix, sortUsing=cmp):
return _makeLoader(prefix, sortUsing).getTestCaseNames(testCaseClass)
def makeSuite(testCaseClass, prefix='test', sortUsing=cmp, suiteClass=TestSuite):
return _makeLoader(prefix, sortUsing, suiteClass).loadTestsFromTestCase(testCaseClass)
def findTestCases(module, prefix='test', sortUsing=cmp, suiteClass=TestSuite):
return _makeLoader(prefix, sortUsing, suiteClass).loadTestsFromModule(module)
##############################################################################
# Text UI
##############################################################################
class _WritelnDecorator(object):
"""Used to decorate file-like objects with a handy 'writeln' method"""
def __init__(self,stream):
self.stream = stream
def __getattr__(self, attr):
return getattr(self.stream,attr)
def writeln(self, arg=None):
if arg: self.write(arg)
self.write('\n') # text-mode streams translate to \r\n if needed
class _TextTestResult(TestResult):
"""A test result class that can print formatted text results to a stream.
Used by TextTestRunner.
"""
separator1 = '=' * 70
separator2 = '-' * 70
def __init__(self, stream, descriptions, verbosity):
TestResult.__init__(self)
self.stream = stream
self.showAll = verbosity > 1
self.dots = verbosity == 1
self.descriptions = descriptions
def getDescription(self, test):
if self.descriptions:
return test.shortDescription() or str(test)
else:
return str(test)
def startTest(self, test):
TestResult.startTest(self, test)
if self.showAll:
self.stream.write(self.getDescription(test))
self.stream.write(" ... ")
self.stream.flush()
def addSuccess(self, test):
TestResult.addSuccess(self, test)
if self.showAll:
self.stream.writeln("ok")
elif self.dots:
self.stream.write('.')
self.stream.flush()
def addError(self, test, err):
TestResult.addError(self, test, err)
if self.showAll:
self.stream.writeln("ERROR")
elif self.dots:
self.stream.write('E')
self.stream.flush()
def addFailure(self, test, err):
TestResult.addFailure(self, test, err)
if self.showAll:
self.stream.writeln("FAIL")
elif self.dots:
self.stream.write('F')
self.stream.flush()
def printErrors(self):
if self.dots or self.showAll:
self.stream.writeln()
self.printErrorList('ERROR', self.errors)
self.printErrorList('FAIL', self.failures)
def printErrorList(self, flavour, errors):
for test, err in errors:
self.stream.writeln(self.separator1)
self.stream.writeln("%s: %s" % (flavour,self.getDescription(test)))
self.stream.writeln(self.separator2)
self.stream.writeln("%s" % err)
class TextTestRunner(object):
"""A test runner class that displays results in textual form.
It prints out the names of tests as they are run, errors as they
occur, and a summary of the results at the end of the test run.
"""
def __init__(self, stream=sys.stderr, descriptions=1, verbosity=1):
self.stream = _WritelnDecorator(stream)
self.descriptions = descriptions
self.verbosity = verbosity
def _makeResult(self):
return _TextTestResult(self.stream, self.descriptions, self.verbosity)
def run(self, test):
"Run the given test case or test suite."
result = self._makeResult()
startTime = time.time()
test(result)
stopTime = time.time()
timeTaken = stopTime - startTime
result.printErrors()
self.stream.writeln(result.separator2)
run = result.testsRun
self.stream.writeln("Ran %d test%s in %.3fs" %
(run, run != 1 and "s" or "", timeTaken))
self.stream.writeln()
if not result.wasSuccessful():
self.stream.write("FAILED (")
failed, errored = len(result.failures), len(result.errors)
if failed:
self.stream.write("failures=%d" % failed)
if errored:
if failed: self.stream.write(", ")
self.stream.write("errors=%d" % errored)
self.stream.writeln(")")
else:
self.stream.writeln("OK")
return result
##############################################################################
# Facilities for running tests from the command line
##############################################################################
class TestProgram(object):
"""A command-line program that runs a set of tests; this is primarily
for making test modules conveniently executable.
"""
USAGE = """\
Usage: %(progName)s [options] [test] [...]
Options:
-h, --help Show this message
-v, --verbose Verbose output
-q, --quiet Minimal output
Examples:
%(progName)s - run default set of tests
%(progName)s MyTestSuite - run suite 'MyTestSuite'
%(progName)s MyTestCase.testSomething - run MyTestCase.testSomething
%(progName)s MyTestCase - run all 'test*' test methods
in MyTestCase
"""
def __init__(self, module='__main__', defaultTest=None,
argv=None, testRunner=TextTestRunner,
testLoader=defaultTestLoader):
if isinstance(module, str):
self.module = __import__(module)
for part in module.split('.')[1:]:
self.module = getattr(self.module, part)
else:
self.module = module
if argv is None:
argv = sys.argv
self.verbosity = 1
self.defaultTest = defaultTest
self.testRunner = testRunner
self.testLoader = testLoader
self.progName = os.path.basename(argv[0])
self.parseArgs(argv)
self.runTests()
def usageExit(self, msg=None):
if msg: print(msg)
print(self.USAGE % self.__dict__)
sys.exit(2)
def parseArgs(self, argv):
import getopt
try:
options, args = getopt.getopt(argv[1:], 'hHvq',
['help','verbose','quiet'])
for opt, value in options:
if opt in ('-h','-H','--help'):
self.usageExit()
if opt in ('-q','--quiet'):
self.verbosity = 0
if opt in ('-v','--verbose'):
self.verbosity = 2
if len(args) == 0 and self.defaultTest is None:
self.test = self.testLoader.loadTestsFromModule(self.module)
return
if len(args) > 0:
self.testNames = args
else:
self.testNames = (self.defaultTest,)
self.createTests()
except getopt.error as msg:
self.usageExit(msg)
def createTests(self):
self.test = self.testLoader.loadTestsFromNames(self.testNames,
self.module)
def runTests(self):
if isinstance(self.testRunner, type):
try:
testRunner = self.testRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity)
except TypeError:
# didn't accept the verbosity argument
testRunner = self.testRunner()
else:
# it is assumed to be a TestRunner instance
testRunner = self.testRunner
result = testRunner.run(self.test)
sys.exit(not result.wasSuccessful())
main = TestProgram
##############################################################################
# Executing this module from the command line
##############################################################################
if __name__ == "__main__":
main(module=None)
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