Future.set_result and Future.set_exception now raise InvalidStateError
if the futures are not pending or running. This mirrors the behavior
of asyncio.Future, and prevents AssertionErrors in asyncio.wrap_future
when set_result is called multiple times.
This implementation provides additional 10-20% speed boost for
asyncio programs.
The patch also fixes _asynciomodule.c to use Arguments Clinic, and
makes '_schedule_callbacks' an overridable method (as it was in 3.5).