a frozenset conversion when the initial search attempt fails with a
TypeError and the key is some type of set. Add a testcase.
* Eliminate a duplicate if-stmt.
s|=s, s&=s, s-=s, or s^=s). Add related tests.
* Improve names for several variables and functions.
* Provide alternate table access functions (next, contains, add, and discard)
that work with an entry argument instead of just a key. This improves
set-vs-set operations because we already have a hash value for each key
and can avoid unnecessary calls to PyObject_Hash(). Provides a 5% to 20%
speed-up for quick hashing elements like strings and integers. Provides
much more substantial improvements for slow hashing elements like tuples
or objects defining a custom __hash__() function.
* Have difference operations resize() when 1/5 of the elements are dummies.
Formerly, it was 1/6. The new ratio triggers less frequently and only
in cases that it can resize quicker and with greater benefit. The right
answer is probably either 1/4, 1/5, or 1/6. Picked the middle value for
an even trade-off between resize time and the space/time costs of dummy
entries.
* Bring in free list from dictionary code.
* Improve several comments.
* Differencing can leave many dummy entries. If more than
1/6 are dummies, then resize them away.
* Factor-out common code with new macro, PyAnySet_CheckExact.
* Give set_lookkey_string() a fast alternate path when no dummy entries
are present.
* Have set_swap_bodies() reset the hash field to -1 whenever either of
bodies is not a frozenset. Maintains the invariant of regular sets
always having -1 in the hash field; otherwise, any mutation would make
the hash value invalid.
* Use an entry pointer to simplify the code in frozenset_hash().
dictobject.c.
* Have frozenset_hash() use entry->hash instead of re-computing each
individual hash with PyObject_Hash(o);
* Finalize the dummy entry before a system exit.
- Handle both frozenset() and frozenset([]).
- Do not use singleton for frozenset subclasses.
- Finalize the singleton.
- Add test cases.
* Factor-out set_update_internal() from set_update(). Simplifies the
code for several internal callers.
* Factor constant expressions out of loop in set_merge_internal().
* Minor comment touch-ups.
tests which nicely highly highlight weaknesses).
* Initial value is now a large prime.
* Pre-multiply by the set length to add one more basis of differentiation.
* Work a bit harder inside the loop to scatter bits from sources that
may have closely spaced hash values.
All of this is necessary to make up for keep the hash function commutative.
Fortunately, the hash value is cached so the call to frozenset_hash() will
only occur once per set.
* Non-zero initial value so that hash(frozenset()) != hash(0).
* Final permutation to differentiate nested sets.
* Add logic to make sure that -1 is not a possible hash value.
* Add more tests
* Refactor and neaten the code a bit.
* Rename union_update() to update().
* Improve the algorithms (making them a closer to sets.py).
function.
* Add a better test for deepcopying.
* Add tests to show the __init__() function works like it does for list
and tuple. Add related test.
* Have shallow copies of frozensets return self. Add related test.
* Have frozenset(f) return f if f is already a frozenset. Add related test.
* Beefed-up some existing tests.
* Improve the hash function to increase the chance that distinct sets will
have distinct xor'd hash totals.
* Use PyDict_Merge where possible (it is faster than an equivalent iter/set
pair).
* Don't rebuild dictionaries where the input already has one.
* Install the unittests, docs, newsitem, include file, and makefile update.
* Exercise the new functions whereever sets.py was being used.
Includes the docs for libfuncs.tex. Separate docs for the types are
forthcoming.
Raymond Hettinger
Hye-Shik Chang
Nicholas Bastin
Guido van Rossum