* gh-106320: Re-add _PyLong_FromByteArray(), _PyLong_AsByteArray() and _PyLong_GCD() to the public header files since they are used by third-party packages and there is no efficient replacement.
See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111140
See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111139
* gh-111262: Re-add _PyDict_Pop() to have a C-API until a new public one is designed.
There were a few things I did in gh-110565 that need to be fixed. I also forgot to add tests in that PR.
(Note that this PR exposes a refleak introduced by gh-110246. I'll take care of that separately.)
In a few places we switch to another interpreter without knowing if it has a thread state associated with the current thread. For the main interpreter there wasn't much of a problem, but for subinterpreters we were *mostly* okay re-using the tstate created with the interpreter (located via PyInterpreterState_ThreadHead()). There was a good chance that tstate wasn't actually in use by another thread.
However, there are no guarantees of that. Furthermore, re-using an already used tstate is currently fragile. To address this, now we create a new thread state in each of those places and use it.
One consequence of this change is that PyInterpreterState_ThreadHead() may not return NULL (though that won't happen for the main interpreter).
The existence of background threads running on a subinterpreter was preventing interpreters from getting properly destroyed, as well as impacting the ability to run the interpreter again. It also affected how we wait for non-daemon threads to finish.
We add PyInterpreterState.threads.main, with some internal C-API functions.
Fix _thread.start_new_thread() race condition. If a thread is created
during Python finalization, the newly spawned thread now exits
immediately instead of trying to access freed memory and lead to a
crash.
thread_run() calls PyEval_AcquireThread() which checks if the thread
must exit. The problem was that tstate was dereferenced earlier in
_PyThreadState_Bind() which leads to a crash most of the time.
Move _PyThreadState_CheckConsistency() from thread_run() to
_PyThreadState_Bind().
thread_run() of _threadmodule.c now calls
_PyThreadState_CheckConsistency() to check if tstate is a dangling
pointer when Python is built in debug mode.
Rename ceval_gil.c is_tstate_valid() to
_PyThreadState_CheckConsistency() to reuse it in _threadmodule.c.
Move the private _PyErr_WriteUnraisableMsg() functions to the
internal C API (pycore_pyerrors.h).
Move write_unraisable_exc() from _testcapi to _testinternalcapi.
Move private functions to the internal C API (pycore_sysmodule.h):
* _PySys_GetAttr()
* _PySys_GetSizeOf()
No longer export most of these functions.
Fix also a typo in Include/cpython/optimizer.h: add a missing space.
Move private functions to the internal C API (pycore_dict.h):
* _PyDictView_Intersect()
* _PyDictView_New()
* _PyDict_ContainsId()
* _PyDict_DelItemId()
* _PyDict_DelItem_KnownHash()
* _PyDict_GetItemIdWithError()
* _PyDict_GetItem_KnownHash()
* _PyDict_HasSplitTable()
* _PyDict_NewPresized()
* _PyDict_Next()
* _PyDict_Pop()
* _PyDict_SetItemId()
* _PyDict_SetItem_KnownHash()
* _PyDict_SizeOf()
No longer export most of these functions.
Move also the _PyDictViewObject structure to the internal C API.
Move dict_getitem_knownhash() function from _testcapi to the
_testinternalcapi extension. Update test_capi.test_dict for this
change.
Move private _PyEval functions to the internal C API
(pycore_ceval.h):
* _PyEval_GetBuiltin()
* _PyEval_GetBuiltinId()
* _PyEval_GetSwitchInterval()
* _PyEval_MakePendingCalls()
* _PyEval_SetProfile()
* _PyEval_SetSwitchInterval()
* _PyEval_SetTrace()
No longer export most of these functions.
Hold a strong reference on the object, rather than using a borrowed reference:
replace PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT() with PyWeakref_GetRef() and
_PyWeakref_GET_REF().
Remove assert(PyWeakref_CheckRef(localweakref)) since it's already
tested by _PyWeakref_GET_REF().
For a while now, pending calls only run in the main thread (in the main interpreter). This PR changes things to allow any thread run a pending call, unless the pending call was explicitly added for the main thread to run.
Disallow thread creation and fork at interpreter finalization.
in the following functions, check if interpreter is finalizing and raise `RuntimeError` with appropriate message:
* `_thread.start_new_thread` and thus `threading`
* `posix.fork`
* `posix.fork1`
* `posix.forkpty`
* `_posixsubprocess.fork_exec` when a `preexec_fn=` is supplied.
---------
Co-authored-by: blurb-it[bot] <43283697+blurb-it[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <greg@krypto.org>
Here we are doing no more than adding the value for Py_mod_multiple_interpreters and using it for stdlib modules. We will start checking for it in gh-104206 (once PyInterpreterState.ceval.own_gil is added in gh-104204).
A PyThreadState can be in one of many states in its lifecycle, represented by some status value. Those statuses haven't been particularly clear, so we're addressing that here. Specifically:
* made the distinct lifecycle statuses clear on PyThreadState
* identified expectations of how various lifecycle-related functions relate to status
* noted the various places where those expectations don't match the actual behavior
At some point we'll need to address the mismatches.
(This change also includes some cleanup.)
https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/59956
The objective of this change is to help make the GILState-related code easier to understand. This mostly involves moving code around and some semantically equivalent refactors. However, there are a also a small number of slight changes in structure and behavior:
* tstate_current is moved out of _PyRuntimeState.gilstate
* autoTSSkey is moved out of _PyRuntimeState.gilstate
* autoTSSkey is initialized earlier
* autoTSSkey is re-initialized (after fork) earlier
https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/59956
builtins and extension module functions and methods that expect boolean values for parameters now accept any Python object rather than just a bool or int type. This is more consistent with how native Python code itself behaves.
Previously, the optional restrictions on subinterpreters were: disallow fork, subprocess, and threads. By default, we were disallowing all three for "isolated" interpreters. We always allowed all three for the main interpreter and those created through the legacy `Py_NewInterpreter()` API.
Those settings were a bit conservative, so here we've adjusted the optional restrictions to: fork, exec, threads, and daemon threads. The default for "isolated" interpreters disables fork, exec, and daemon threads. Regular threads are allowed by default. We continue always allowing everything For the main interpreter and the legacy API.
In the code, we add `_PyInterpreterConfig.allow_exec` and `_PyInterpreterConfig.allow_daemon_threads`. We also add `Py_RTFLAGS_DAEMON_THREADS` and `Py_RTFLAGS_EXEC`.
(see https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/98608)
This change does the following:
1. change the argument to a new `_PyInterpreterConfig` struct
2. rename the function to `_Py_NewInterpreterFromConfig()`, inspired by `Py_InitializeFromConfig()` (takes a `_PyInterpreterConfig` instead of `isolated_subinterpreter`)
3. split up the boolean `isolated_subinterpreter` into the corresponding multiple granular settings
* allow_fork
* allow_subprocess
* allow_threads
4. add `PyInterpreterState.feature_flags` to store those settings
5. add a function for checking if a feature is enabled on an opaque `PyInterpreterState *`
6. drop `PyConfig._isolated_interpreter`
The existing default (see `Py_NewInterpeter()` and `Py_Initialize*()`) allows fork, subprocess, and threads and the optional "isolated" interpreter (see the `_xxsubinterpreters` module) disables all three. None of that changes here; the defaults are preserved.
Note that the given `_PyInterpreterConfig` will not be used outside `_Py_NewInterpreterFromConfig()`, nor preserved. This contrasts with how `PyConfig` is currently preserved, used, and even modified outside `Py_InitializeFromConfig()`. I'd rather just avoid that mess from the start for `_PyInterpreterConfig`. We can preserve it later if we find an actual need.
This change allows us to follow up with a number of improvements (e.g. stop disallowing subprocess and support disallowing exec instead).
(Note that this PR adds "private" symbols. We'll probably make them public, and add docs, in a separate change.)
Replace "(PyCFunction)(void(*)(void))func" cast with
_PyCFunction_CAST(func).
Change generated by the command:
sed -i -e \
's!(PyCFunction)(void(\*)(void)) *\([A-Za-z0-9_]\+\)!_PyCFunction_CAST(\1)!g' \
$(find -name "*.c")
We're no longer using _Py_IDENTIFIER() (or _Py_static_string()) in any core CPython code. It is still used in a number of non-builtin stdlib modules.
The replacement is: PyUnicodeObject (not pointer) fields under _PyRuntimeState, statically initialized as part of _PyRuntime. A new _Py_GET_GLOBAL_IDENTIFIER() macro facilitates lookup of the fields (along with _Py_GET_GLOBAL_STRING() for non-identifier strings).
https://bugs.python.org/issue46541#msg411799 explains the rationale for this change.
The core of the change is in:
* (new) Include/internal/pycore_global_strings.h - the declarations for the global strings, along with the macros
* Include/internal/pycore_runtime_init.h - added the static initializers for the global strings
* Include/internal/pycore_global_objects.h - where the struct in pycore_global_strings.h is hooked into _PyRuntimeState
* Tools/scripts/generate_global_objects.py - added generation of the global string declarations and static initializers
I've also added a --check flag to generate_global_objects.py (along with make check-global-objects) to check for unused global strings. That check is added to the PR CI config.
The remainder of this change updates the core code to use _Py_GET_GLOBAL_IDENTIFIER() instead of _Py_IDENTIFIER() and the related _Py*Id functions (likewise for _Py_GET_GLOBAL_STRING() instead of _Py_static_string()). This includes adding a few functions where there wasn't already an alternative to _Py*Id(), replacing the _Py_Identifier * parameter with PyObject *.
The following are not changed (yet):
* stop using _Py_IDENTIFIER() in the stdlib modules
* (maybe) get rid of _Py_IDENTIFIER(), etc. entirely -- this may not be doable as at least one package on PyPI using this (private) API
* (maybe) intern the strings during runtime init
https://bugs.python.org/issue46541
Cast PY_TIMEOUT_MAX to double, not to _PyTime_t.
Fix the clang warning:
Modules/_threadmodule.c:1648:26: warning: implicit conversion from
'_PyTime_t' (aka 'long') to 'double' changes value from
9223372036854775 to 9223372036854776
[-Wimplicit-const-int-float-conversion]
double timeout_max = (_PyTime_t)PY_TIMEOUT_MAX * 1e-6;
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~
This simplifies new_threadstate(). We also rename _PyThreadState_Init() to _PyThreadState_SetCurrent() to reflect what it actually does.
https://bugs.python.org/issue46008
This parallels _PyRuntimeState.interpreters. Doing this helps make it more clear what part of PyInterpreterState relates to its threads.
https://bugs.python.org/issue46008
Redefining the PyThreadState_GET() macro in pycore_pystate.h is
useless since it doesn't affect files not including it. Either use
_PyThreadState_GET() directly, or don't use pycore_pystate.h internal
C API. For example, the _testcapi extension don't use the internal C
API, but use the public PyThreadState_Get() function instead.
Replace PyThreadState_Get() with _PyThreadState_GET(). The
_PyThreadState_GET() macro is more efficient than PyThreadState_Get()
and PyThreadState_GET() function calls which call fail with a fatal
Python error.
posixmodule.c and _ctypes extension now include <windows.h> before
pycore header files (like pycore_call.h).
_PyTraceback_Add() now uses _PyErr_Fetch()/_PyErr_Restore() instead
of PyErr_Fetch()/PyErr_Restore().
The _decimal and _xxsubinterpreters extensions are now built with the
Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE macro defined to get access to the internal C
API.
Add a private C API for deadlines: add _PyDeadline_Init() and
_PyDeadline_Get() functions.
* Add _PyTime_Add() and _PyTime_Mul() functions which compute t1+t2
and t1*t2 and clamp the result on overflow.
* _PyTime_MulDiv() now uses _PyTime_Add() and _PyTime_Mul().
PyThread_acquire_lock_timed() now clamps the timeout into the
[_PyTime_MIN; _PyTime_MAX] range (_PyTime_t type) if it is too large,
rather than calling Py_FatalError() which aborts the process.
PyThread_acquire_lock_timed() no longer uses
MICROSECONDS_TO_TIMESPEC() to compute sem_timedwait() argument, but
_PyTime_GetSystemClock() and _PyTime_AsTimespec_truncate().
Fix _thread.TIMEOUT_MAX value on Windows: the maximum timeout is
0x7FFFFFFF milliseconds (around 24.9 days), not 0xFFFFFFFF
milliseconds (around 49.7 days).
Set PY_TIMEOUT_MAX to 0x7FFFFFFF milliseconds, rather than 0xFFFFFFFF
milliseconds.
Fix PY_TIMEOUT_MAX overflow test: replace (us >= PY_TIMEOUT_MAX) with
(us > PY_TIMEOUT_MAX).
_thread.start_new_thread() no longer calls PyThread_exit_thread()
explicitly at the thread exit, the call was redundant.
On Linux with the glibc, pthread_cancel() loads dynamically the
libgcc_s.so.1 library. dlopen() can fail if there is no more
available file descriptor to open the file. In this case, the process
aborts with the error message:
"libgcc_s.so.1 must be installed for pthread_cancel to work"
pthread_cancel() unwinds back to the thread's wrapping function that
calls the thread entry point.
The unwind function is dynamically loaded from the libgcc_s library
since it is tightly coupled to the C compiler (GCC). The unwinder
depends on DWARF, the compiler generates DWARF, so the unwinder
belongs to the compiler.
Thanks Florian Weimer and Carlos O'Donell for their help on
investigating this issue.
* Make functools types immutable
* Multibyte codec types are now immutable
* pyexpat.xmlparser is now immutable
* array.arrayiterator is now immutable
* _thread types are now immutable
* _csv types are now immutable
* _queue.SimpleQueue is now immutable
* mmap.mmap is now immutable
* unicodedata.UCD is now immutable
* sqlite3 types are now immutable
* _lsprof.Profiler is now immutable
* _overlapped.Overlapped is now immutable
* _operator types are now immutable
* winapi__overlapped.Overlapped is now immutable
* _lzma types are now immutable
* _bz2 types are now immutable
* _dbm.dbm and _gdbm.gdbm are now immutable
Add pycore_moduleobject.h internal header file with static inline
functions to access module members:
* _PyModule_GetDict()
* _PyModule_GetDef()
* _PyModule_GetState()
These functions don't check at runtime if their argument has a valid
type and can be inlined even if Python is not built with LTO.
_PyType_GetModuleByDef() uses _PyModule_GetDef().
Replace PyModule_GetState() with _PyModule_GetState() in the
extension modules, considered as performance sensitive:
* _abc
* _functools
* _operator
* _pickle
* _queue
* _random
* _sre
* _struct
* _thread
* _winapi
* array
* posix
The following extensions are now built with the Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE
macro defined, to be able to use the internal pycore_moduleobject.h
header: _abc, array, _operator, _queue, _sre, _struct.
scoder
Eric Snow
Antoine Pitrou
Radislav Chugunov
Serhiy Storchaka
Victor Stinner
Alex Gaynor
Kumar Aditya
Steve Dower
Pablo Galindo Salgado
Petr Viktorin
Christian Clauss
Erlend Egeberg Aasland
Gabriele N. Tornetta