Docs: Fix backtick errors found by sphinx-lint (#97998)

Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>

Doc/c-api/init.rst

@@ -1929,7 +1929,7 @@ is not possible due to its implementation being opaque at build time.
    Free the given *key* allocated by :c:func:`PyThread_tss_alloc`, after
    first calling :c:func:`PyThread_tss_delete` to ensure any associated
    thread locals have been unassigned. This is a no-op if the *key*
-   argument is `NULL`.
+   argument is ``NULL``.
 
    .. note::
       A freed key becomes a dangling pointer. You should reset the key to

Doc/c-api/type.rst

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Type Objects
 .. c:function:: unsigned long PyType_GetFlags(PyTypeObject* type)
 
    Return the :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_flags` member of *type*. This function is primarily
-   meant for use with `Py_LIMITED_API`; the individual flag bits are
+   meant for use with ``Py_LIMITED_API``; the individual flag bits are
    guaranteed to be stable across Python releases, but access to
    :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_flags` itself is not part of the limited API.
 

Doc/faq/design.rst

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ Why can't I use an assignment in an expression?
 
 Starting in Python 3.8, you can!
 
-Assignment expressions using the walrus operator `:=` assign a variable in an
+Assignment expressions using the walrus operator ``:=`` assign a variable in an
 expression::
 
    while chunk := fp.read(200):

Doc/howto/enum.rst

@@ -1109,7 +1109,7 @@ Enum Classes
 The :class:`EnumType` metaclass is responsible for providing the
 :meth:`__contains__`, :meth:`__dir__`, :meth:`__iter__` and other methods that
 allow one to do things with an :class:`Enum` class that fail on a typical
-class, such as `list(Color)` or `some_enum_var in Color`.  :class:`EnumType` is
+class, such as ``list(Color)`` or ``some_enum_var in Color``.  :class:`EnumType` is
 responsible for ensuring that various other methods on the final :class:`Enum`
 class are correct (such as :meth:`__new__`, :meth:`__getnewargs__`,
 :meth:`__str__` and :meth:`__repr__`).

Doc/howto/logging-cookbook.rst

@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ To run a logging listener in production, you may need to use a process-managemen
 such as `Supervisor <http://supervisord.org/>`_. `Here
 <https://gist.github.com/vsajip/4b227eeec43817465ca835ca66f75e2b>`_ is a Gist which
 provides the bare-bones files to run the above functionality using Supervisor: you
-will need to change the `/path/to/` parts in the Gist to reflect the actual paths you
+will need to change the ``/path/to/`` parts in the Gist to reflect the actual paths you
 want to use.
 
 
@@ -2774,7 +2774,7 @@ Formatting times using UTC (GMT) via configuration
 --------------------------------------------------
 
 Sometimes you want to format times using UTC, which can be done using a class
-such as `UTCFormatter`, shown below::
+such as ``UTCFormatter``, shown below::
 
     import logging
     import time

Doc/howto/logging.rst

@@ -555,14 +555,14 @@ raw message.  If there is no date format string, the default date format is:
 
     %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
 
-with the milliseconds tacked on at the end. The ``style`` is one of `%`, '{'
+with the milliseconds tacked on at the end. The ``style`` is one of ``'%'``,
-or '$'. If one of these is not specified, then '%' will be used.
+``'{'``, or ``'$'``. If one of these is not specified, then ``'%'`` will be used.
 
-If the ``style`` is '%', the message format string uses
+If the ``style`` is ``'%'``, the message format string uses
 ``%(<dictionary key>)s`` styled string substitution; the possible keys are
-documented in :ref:`logrecord-attributes`. If the style is '{', the message
+documented in :ref:`logrecord-attributes`. If the style is ``'{'``, the message
 format string is assumed to be compatible with :meth:`str.format` (using
-keyword arguments), while if the style is '$' then the message format string
+keyword arguments), while if the style is ``'$'`` then the message format string
 should conform to what is expected by :meth:`string.Template.substitute`.
 
 .. versionchanged:: 3.2

Doc/howto/perf_profiling.rst

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ Enabling perf profiling mode
 ----------------------------
 
 There are two main ways to activate the perf profiling mode. If you want it to be
-active since the start of the Python interpreter, you can use the `-Xperf` option:
+active since the start of the Python interpreter, you can use the ``-Xperf`` option:
 
     $ python -Xperf my_script.py
 

Doc/install/index.rst

@@ -765,7 +765,7 @@ And on Windows, the configuration files are:
 +--------------+-------------------------------------------------+-------+
 
 On all platforms, the "personal" file can be temporarily disabled by
-passing the `--no-user-cfg` option.
+passing the ``--no-user-cfg`` option.
 
 Notes:
 

Doc/library/asyncio-protocol.rst

@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ accept factories that return streaming protocols.
    a connection is open.
 
    However, :meth:`protocol.eof_received() <Protocol.eof_received>`
-   is called at most once.  Once `eof_received()` is called,
+   is called at most once.  Once ``eof_received()`` is called,
    ``data_received()`` is not called anymore.
 
 .. method:: Protocol.eof_received()

Doc/library/asyncio-task.rst

@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ Timeouts
 
             Change the time the timeout will trigger.
 
-            If *when* is `None`, any current deadline will be removed, and the
+            If *when* is ``None``, any current deadline will be removed, and the
             context manager will wait indefinitely.
 
             If *when* is a float, it is set as the new deadline.
@@ -867,17 +867,17 @@ Running in Threads
        # blocking_io complete at 19:50:54
        # finished main at 19:50:54
 
-   Directly calling `blocking_io()` in any coroutine would block the event loop
+   Directly calling ``blocking_io()`` in any coroutine would block the event loop
    for its duration, resulting in an additional 1 second of run time. Instead,
-   by using `asyncio.to_thread()`, we can run it in a separate thread without
+   by using ``asyncio.to_thread()``, we can run it in a separate thread without
    blocking the event loop.
 
    .. note::
 
-      Due to the :term:`GIL`, `asyncio.to_thread()` can typically only be used
+      Due to the :term:`GIL`, ``asyncio.to_thread()`` can typically only be used
       to make IO-bound functions non-blocking. However, for extension modules
       that release the GIL or alternative Python implementations that don't
-      have one, `asyncio.to_thread()` can also be used for CPU-bound functions.
+      have one, ``asyncio.to_thread()`` can also be used for CPU-bound functions.
 
    .. versionadded:: 3.9
 

Doc/library/bdb.rst

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ The :mod:`bdb` module also defines two classes:
 
       For real file names, the canonical form is an operating-system-dependent,
       :func:`case-normalized <os.path.normcase>` :func:`absolute path
-      <os.path.abspath>`. A *filename* with angle brackets, such as `"<stdin>"`
+      <os.path.abspath>`. A *filename* with angle brackets, such as ``"<stdin>"``
       generated in interactive mode, is returned unchanged.
 
    .. method:: reset()

Doc/library/bz2.rst

@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ Incremental (de)compression
       will be set to ``True``.
 
       Attempting to decompress data after the end of stream is reached
-      raises an `EOFError`.  Any data found after the end of the
+      raises an :exc:`EOFError`.  Any data found after the end of the
       stream is ignored and saved in the :attr:`~.unused_data` attribute.
 
       .. versionchanged:: 3.5
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ Using :class:`BZ2Compressor` for incremental compression:
     >>> out = out + comp.flush()
 
 The example above uses a very "nonrandom" stream of data
-(a stream of `b"z"` chunks).  Random data tends to compress poorly,
+(a stream of ``b"z"`` chunks).  Random data tends to compress poorly,
 while ordered, repetitive data usually yields a high compression ratio.
 
 Writing and reading a bzip2-compressed file in binary mode:

Doc/library/concurrent.futures.rst

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ And::
 
    All threads enqueued to ``ThreadPoolExecutor`` will be joined before the
    interpreter can exit. Note that the exit handler which does this is
-   executed *before* any exit handlers added using `atexit`. This means
+   executed *before* any exit handlers added using ``atexit``. This means
    exceptions in the main thread must be caught and handled in order to
    signal threads to exit gracefully. For this reason, it is recommended
    that ``ThreadPoolExecutor`` not be used for long-running tasks.
@@ -411,13 +411,13 @@ The :class:`Future` class encapsulates the asynchronous execution of a callable.
        tests.
 
        If the method returns ``False`` then the :class:`Future` was cancelled,
-       i.e. :meth:`Future.cancel` was called and returned `True`.  Any threads
+       i.e. :meth:`Future.cancel` was called and returned ``True``.  Any threads
        waiting on the :class:`Future` completing (i.e. through
        :func:`as_completed` or :func:`wait`) will be woken up.
 
        If the method returns ``True`` then the :class:`Future` was not cancelled
        and has been put in the running state, i.e. calls to
-       :meth:`Future.running` will return `True`.
+       :meth:`Future.running` will return ``True``.
 
        This method can only be called once and cannot be called after
        :meth:`Future.set_result` or :meth:`Future.set_exception` have been

Doc/library/ctypes.rst

@@ -1948,7 +1948,7 @@ Utility functions
 .. function:: GetLastError()
 
    Windows only: Returns the last error code set by Windows in the calling thread.
-   This function calls the Windows `GetLastError()` function directly,
+   This function calls the Windows ``GetLastError()`` function directly,
    it does not return the ctypes-private copy of the error code.
 
 .. function:: get_errno()

Doc/library/curses.rst

@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ The module :mod:`curses` defines the following functions:
    Change the definition of a color, taking the number of the color to be changed
    followed by three RGB values (for the amounts of red, green, and blue
    components).  The value of *color_number* must be between ``0`` and
-   `COLORS - 1`.  Each of *r*, *g*, *b*, must be a value between ``0`` and
+   ``COLORS - 1``.  Each of *r*, *g*, *b*, must be a value between ``0`` and
    ``1000``.  When :func:`init_color` is used, all occurrences of that color on the
    screen immediately change to the new definition.  This function is a no-op on
    most terminals; it is active only if :func:`can_change_color` returns ``True``.

Doc/library/datetime.rst

@@ -1769,7 +1769,7 @@ Other constructor:
    ISO 8601 format, with the following exceptions:
 
    1. Time zone offsets may have fractional seconds.
-   2. The leading `T`, normally required in cases where there may be ambiguity between
+   2. The leading ``T``, normally required in cases where there may be ambiguity between
       a date and a time, is not required.
    3. Fractional seconds may have any number of digits (anything beyond 6 will
       be truncated).
@@ -2265,7 +2265,7 @@ where historical changes have been made to civil time.
   two digits of ``offset.hours`` and ``offset.minutes`` respectively.
 
   .. versionchanged:: 3.6
-     Name generated from ``offset=timedelta(0)`` is now plain `'UTC'`, not
+     Name generated from ``offset=timedelta(0)`` is now plain ``'UTC'``, not
      ``'UTC+00:00'``.
 
 

Doc/library/decimal.rst

@@ -576,11 +576,11 @@ Decimal objects
       Alternative constructor that only accepts instances of :class:`float` or
       :class:`int`.
 
-      Note `Decimal.from_float(0.1)` is not the same as `Decimal('0.1')`.
+      Note ``Decimal.from_float(0.1)`` is not the same as ``Decimal('0.1')``.
       Since 0.1 is not exactly representable in binary floating point, the
       value is stored as the nearest representable value which is
-      `0x1.999999999999ap-4`.  That equivalent value in decimal is
+      ``0x1.999999999999ap-4``.  That equivalent value in decimal is
-      `0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625`.
+      ``0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625``.
 
       .. note:: From Python 3.2 onwards, a :class:`Decimal` instance
          can also be constructed directly from a :class:`float`.
@@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@ In addition to the three supplied contexts, new contexts can be created with the
 
    .. method:: exp(x)
 
-      Returns `e ** x`.
+      Returns ``e ** x``.
 
 
    .. method:: fma(x, y, z)

Doc/library/dis.rst

@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ details of bytecode instructions as :class:`Instruction` instances:
 
 .. class:: Positions
 
-   In case the information is not available, some fields might be `None`.
+   In case the information is not available, some fields might be ``None``.
 
    .. data:: lineno
    .. data:: end_lineno

Doc/library/email.compat32-message.rst

@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ Here are the methods of the :class:`Message` class:
    In a model generated from bytes, any header values that (in contravention of
    the RFCs) contain non-ASCII bytes will, when retrieved through this
    interface, be represented as :class:`~email.header.Header` objects with
-   a charset of `unknown-8bit`.
+   a charset of ``unknown-8bit``.
 
 
    .. method:: __len__()

Doc/library/email.headerregistry.rst

@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ headers.
       specified as ``-0000`` (indicating it is in UTC but contains no
       information about the source timezone), then :attr:`.datetime` will be a
       naive :class:`~datetime.datetime`.  If a specific timezone offset is
-      found (including `+0000`), then :attr:`.datetime` will contain an aware
+      found (including ``+0000``), then :attr:`.datetime` will contain an aware
       ``datetime`` that uses :class:`datetime.timezone` to record the timezone
       offset.
 

Doc/library/fractions.rst

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ another rational number, or from a string.
       ``typing.SupportsInt`` instance checks.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.12
-      Space is allowed around the slash for string inputs: `Fraction('2 / 3')`.
+      Space is allowed around the slash for string inputs: ``Fraction('2 / 3')``.
 
    .. attribute:: numerator
 

Doc/library/hashlib.rst

@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ Constructor functions also accept the following tree hashing parameters:
   BLAKE2s, 0 in sequential mode).
 
 * *last_node*: boolean indicating whether the processed node is the last
-  one (`False` for sequential mode).
+  one (``False`` for sequential mode).
 
 .. figure:: hashlib-blake2-tree.png
    :alt: Explanation of tree mode parameters.

Doc/library/io.rst

@@ -1055,10 +1055,10 @@ Text I/O
    The initial value of the buffer can be set by providing *initial_value*.
    If newline translation is enabled, newlines will be encoded as if by
    :meth:`~TextIOBase.write`.  The stream is positioned at the start of the
-   buffer which emulates opening an existing file in a `w+` mode, making it
+   buffer which emulates opening an existing file in a ``w+`` mode, making it
    ready for an immediate write from the beginning or for a write that
-   would overwrite the initial value.  To emulate opening a file in an `a+`
+   would overwrite the initial value.  To emulate opening a file in an ``a+``
-   mode ready for appending, use `f.seek(0, io.SEEK_END)` to reposition the
+   mode ready for appending, use ``f.seek(0, io.SEEK_END)`` to reposition the
    stream at the end of the buffer.
 
    The *newline* argument works like that of :class:`TextIOWrapper`,

Doc/library/lzma.rst

@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ Compressing and decompressing data in memory
       will be set to ``True``.
 
       Attempting to decompress data after the end of stream is reached
-      raises an `EOFError`.  Any data found after the end of the
+      raises an :exc:`EOFError`.  Any data found after the end of the
       stream is ignored and saved in the :attr:`~.unused_data` attribute.
 
       .. versionchanged:: 3.5

Doc/library/os.rst

@@ -3194,7 +3194,7 @@ features:
    system records access and modification times; see :func:`~os.stat`. The best
    way to preserve exact times is to use the *st_atime_ns* and *st_mtime_ns*
    fields from the :func:`os.stat` result object with the *ns* parameter to
-   `utime`.
+   :func:`utime`.
 
    This function can support :ref:`specifying a file descriptor <path_fd>`,
    :ref:`paths relative to directory descriptors <dir_fd>` and :ref:`not
@@ -4094,7 +4094,7 @@ written in Python, such as a mail server's external command delivery program.
    library :c:data:`POSIX_SPAWN_RESETIDS` flag.
 
    If the *setsid* argument is ``True``, it will create a new session ID
-   for `posix_spawn`. *setsid* requires :c:data:`POSIX_SPAWN_SETSID`
+   for ``posix_spawn``. *setsid* requires :c:data:`POSIX_SPAWN_SETSID`
    or :c:data:`POSIX_SPAWN_SETSID_NP` flag. Otherwise, :exc:`NotImplementedError`
    is raised.
 

Doc/library/select.rst

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ The module defines the following:
    events.
 
    *sizehint* informs epoll about the expected number of events to be
-   registered.  It must be positive, or `-1` to use the default. It is only
+   registered.  It must be positive, or ``-1`` to use the default. It is only
    used on older systems where :c:func:`epoll_create1` is not available;
    otherwise it has no effect (though its value is still checked).
 

Doc/library/socket.rst

@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@ The following functions all create :ref:`socket objects <socket-objects>`.
       When :const:`SOCK_NONBLOCK` or :const:`SOCK_CLOEXEC`
       bit flags are applied to *type* they are cleared, and
       :attr:`socket.type` will not reflect them.  They are still passed
-      to the underlying system `socket()` call.  Therefore,
+      to the underlying system ``socket()`` call.  Therefore,
 
       ::
 

Doc/library/statistics.rst

@@ -839,7 +839,7 @@ of applications in statistics.
        The relative likelihood is computed as the probability of a sample
        occurring in a narrow range divided by the width of the range (hence
        the word "density").  Since the likelihood is relative to other points,
-       its value can be greater than `1.0`.
+       its value can be greater than ``1.0``.
 
     .. method:: NormalDist.cdf(x)
 

Doc/library/sys.rst

@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ always available.
    Print low-level information to stderr about the state of CPython's memory
    allocator.
 
-   If Python is `built in debug mode <debug-build>` (:option:`configure
+   If Python is :ref:`built in debug mode <debug-build>` (:option:`configure
    --with-pydebug option <--with-pydebug>`), it also performs some expensive
    internal consistency checks.
 
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ always available.
    files to (and read them from) a parallel directory tree rooted at this
    directory, rather than from ``__pycache__`` directories in the source code
    tree. Any ``__pycache__`` directories in the source code tree will be ignored
-   and new `.pyc` files written within the pycache prefix. Thus if you use
+   and new ``.pyc`` files written within the pycache prefix. Thus if you use
    :mod:`compileall` as a pre-build step, you must ensure you run it with the
    same pycache prefix (if any) that you will use at runtime.
 
@@ -874,7 +874,7 @@ always available.
 .. function:: get_asyncgen_hooks()
 
    Returns an *asyncgen_hooks* object, which is similar to a
-   :class:`~collections.namedtuple` of the form `(firstiter, finalizer)`,
+   :class:`~collections.namedtuple` of the form ``(firstiter, finalizer)``,
    where *firstiter* and *finalizer* are expected to be either ``None`` or
    functions which take an :term:`asynchronous generator iterator` as an
    argument, and are used to schedule finalization of an asynchronous

Doc/library/unittest.mock-examples.rst

@@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ on first use).
 That aside there is a way to use ``mock`` to affect the results of an import.
 Importing fetches an *object* from the :data:`sys.modules` dictionary. Note that it
 fetches an *object*, which need not be a module. Importing a module for the
-first time results in a module object being put in `sys.modules`, so usually
+first time results in a module object being put in ``sys.modules``, so usually
 when you import something you get a module back. This need not be the case
 however.
 

Doc/library/xml.dom.minidom.rst

@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ module documentation.  This section lists the differences between the API and
    Similarly, explicitly stating the *standalone* argument causes the
    standalone document declarations to be added to the prologue of the XML
    document.
-   If the value is set to `True`, `standalone="yes"` is added,
+   If the value is set to ``True``, ``standalone="yes"`` is added,
-   otherwise it is set to `"no"`.
+   otherwise it is set to ``"no"``.
    Not stating the argument will omit the declaration from the document.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.8

Doc/library/xmlrpc.client.rst

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ between conformable Python objects and XML on the wire.
    may be passed to calls.
    The *headers* parameter is an optional sequence of HTTP headers to send with
    each request, expressed as a sequence of 2-tuples representing the header
-   name and value. (e.g. `[('Header-Name', 'value')]`).
+   name and value. (e.g. ``[('Header-Name', 'value')]``).
    The obsolete *use_datetime* flag is similar to *use_builtin_types* but it
    applies only to date/time values.
 

Doc/library/xmlrpc.server.rst

@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ This ExampleService demo can be invoked from the command line::
 
 
 The client that interacts with the above server is included in
-`Lib/xmlrpc/client.py`::
+``Lib/xmlrpc/client.py``::
 
     server = ServerProxy("http://localhost:8000")
 

Doc/reference/expressions.rst

@@ -1562,7 +1562,7 @@ built-in types.
     true).
 
 * Mappings (instances of :class:`dict`) compare equal if and only if they have
-  equal `(key, value)` pairs. Equality comparison of the keys and values
+  equal ``(key, value)`` pairs. Equality comparison of the keys and values
   enforces reflexivity.
 
   Order comparisons (``<``, ``>``, ``<=``, and ``>=``) raise :exc:`TypeError`.

Doc/reference/import.rst

@@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ The path based finder iterates over every entry in the search path, and
 for each of these, looks for an appropriate :term:`path entry finder`
 (:class:`~importlib.abc.PathEntryFinder`) for the
 path entry.  Because this can be an expensive operation (e.g. there may be
-`stat()` call overheads for this search), the path based finder maintains
+``stat()`` call overheads for this search), the path based finder maintains
 a cache mapping path entries to path entry finders.  This cache is maintained
 in :data:`sys.path_importer_cache` (despite the name, this cache actually
 stores finder objects rather than being limited to :term:`importer` objects).

Doc/reference/simple_stmts.rst

@@ -994,20 +994,12 @@ The :keyword:`!nonlocal` statement
 .. productionlist:: python-grammar
    nonlocal_stmt: "nonlocal" `identifier` ("," `identifier`)*
 
-.. XXX add when implemented
-                : ["=" (`target_list` "=")+ starred_expression]
-                : | "nonlocal" identifier augop expression_list
-
 The :keyword:`nonlocal` statement causes the listed identifiers to refer to
 previously bound variables in the nearest enclosing scope excluding globals.
 This is important because the default behavior for binding is to search the
 local namespace first.  The statement allows encapsulated code to rebind
 variables outside of the local scope besides the global (module) scope.
 
-.. XXX not implemented
-   The :keyword:`nonlocal` statement may prepend an assignment or augmented
-   assignment, but not an expression.
-
 Names listed in a :keyword:`nonlocal` statement, unlike those listed in a
 :keyword:`global` statement, must refer to pre-existing bindings in an
 enclosing scope (the scope in which a new binding should be created cannot

Doc/requirements.txt

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ blurb
 # sphinx-lint 0.6.2 yields many default role errors due to the new regular
 # expression used for default role detection, so we don't use the version
 # until the errors are fixed.
-sphinx-lint==0.6.1
+sphinx-lint==0.6.4
 
 # The theme used by the documentation is stored separately, so we need
 # to install that as well.

Doc/using/configure.rst

@@ -755,12 +755,12 @@ Compiler flags
 
    In particular, :envvar:`CFLAGS` should not contain:
 
-   * the compiler flag `-I` (for setting the search path for include files).
+   * the compiler flag ``-I`` (for setting the search path for include files).
-     The `-I` flags are processed from left to right, and any flags in
+     The ``-I`` flags are processed from left to right, and any flags in
-     :envvar:`CFLAGS` would take precedence over user- and package-supplied `-I`
+     :envvar:`CFLAGS` would take precedence over user- and package-supplied ``-I``
      flags.
 
-   * hardening flags such as `-Werror` because distributions cannot control
+   * hardening flags such as ``-Werror`` because distributions cannot control
      whether packages installed by users conform to such heightened
      standards.
 
@@ -878,9 +878,9 @@ Linker flags
 
    In particular, :envvar:`LDFLAGS` should not contain:
 
-   * the compiler flag `-L` (for setting the search path for libraries).
+   * the compiler flag ``-L`` (for setting the search path for libraries).
-     The `-L` flags are processed from left to right, and any flags in
+     The ``-L`` flags are processed from left to right, and any flags in
-     :envvar:`LDFLAGS` would take precedence over user- and package-supplied `-L`
+     :envvar:`LDFLAGS` would take precedence over user- and package-supplied ``-L``
      flags.
 
 .. envvar:: CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS_NODIST

Doc/using/unix.rst

@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ Custom OpenSSL
       $ popd
 
 3. Build Python with custom OpenSSL
-   (see the configure `--with-openssl` and `--with-openssl-rpath` options)
+   (see the configure ``--with-openssl`` and ``--with-openssl-rpath`` options)
 
    .. code-block:: shell-session
 

Doc/using/windows.rst

@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ of available options is shown below.
 +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+
 | Include_pip               | Install bundled pip and setuptools   | 1                        |
 +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+
-| Include_symbols           | Install debugging symbols (`*`.pdb)  | 0                        |
+| Include_symbols           | Install debugging symbols (``*.pdb``)| 0                        |
 +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+
 | Include_tcltk             | Install Tcl/Tk support and IDLE      | 1                        |
 +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+

Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst

@@ -717,13 +717,13 @@ This will produce the output::
 PEP 3101: Advanced String Formatting
 =====================================================
 
-In Python 3.0, the `%` operator is supplemented by a more powerful string
+In Python 3.0, the ``%`` operator is supplemented by a more powerful string
 formatting method, :meth:`format`.  Support for the :meth:`str.format` method
 has been backported to Python 2.6.
 
-In 2.6, both 8-bit and Unicode strings have a `.format()` method that
+In 2.6, both 8-bit and Unicode strings have a ``.format()`` method that
 treats the string as a template and takes the arguments to be formatted.
-The formatting template uses curly brackets (`{`, `}`) as special characters::
+The formatting template uses curly brackets (``{``, ``}``) as special characters::
 
      >>> # Substitute positional argument 0 into the string.
      >>> "User ID: {0}".format("root")

Doc/whatsnew/2.7.rst

@@ -2485,8 +2485,8 @@ In the standard library:
 
 * The ElementTree library, :mod:`xml.etree`, no longer escapes
   ampersands and angle brackets when outputting an XML processing
-  instruction (which looks like `<?xml-stylesheet href="#style1"?>`)
+  instruction (which looks like ``<?xml-stylesheet href="#style1"?>``)
-  or comment (which looks like `<!-- comment -->`).
+  or comment (which looks like ``<!-- comment -->``).
   (Patch by Neil Muller; :issue:`2746`.)
 
 * The :meth:`~StringIO.StringIO.readline` method of :class:`~StringIO.StringIO` objects now does

Doc/whatsnew/3.10.rst

@@ -1184,7 +1184,7 @@ and will be incorrect in some rare cases, including some ``_``-s in
 
 New in 3.10 maintenance releases.
 
-Apply syntax highlighting to `.pyi` files. (Contributed by Alex
+Apply syntax highlighting to ``.pyi`` files. (Contributed by Alex
 Waygood and Terry Jan Reedy in :issue:`45447`.)
 
 Include prompts when saving Shell with inputs and outputs.

Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst

@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ hashlib
 IDLE and idlelib
 ----------------
 
-* Apply syntax highlighting to `.pyi` files. (Contributed by Alex
+* Apply syntax highlighting to ``.pyi`` files. (Contributed by Alex
   Waygood and Terry Jan Reedy in :issue:`45447`.)
 
 * Include prompts when saving Shell with inputs and outputs.

Doc/whatsnew/3.12.rst

@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ Porting to Python 3.12
   ``tp_weaklistoffset``, respectively.
   The use of ``tp_dictoffset`` and ``tp_weaklistoffset`` is still
   supported, but does not fully support multiple inheritance
-  (:gh: `95589`), and performance may be worse.
+  (:gh:`95589`), and performance may be worse.
   Classes declaring :const:`Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT` should call
   :c:func:`_PyObject_VisitManagedDict` and :c:func:`_PyObject_ClearManagedDict`
   to traverse and clear their instance's dictionaries.

Doc/whatsnew/3.2.rst

@@ -1746,7 +1746,7 @@ names.
   instead of module names for running specific tests (:issue:`10620`).  The new
   test discovery can find tests within packages, locating any test importable
   from the top-level directory.  The top-level directory can be specified with
-  the `-t` option, a pattern for matching files with ``-p``, and a directory to
+  the ``-t`` option, a pattern for matching files with ``-p``, and a directory to
   start discovery with ``-s``:
 
   .. code-block:: shell-session
@@ -1857,7 +1857,7 @@ asyncore
 
 :class:`asyncore.dispatcher` now provides a
 :meth:`~asyncore.dispatcher.handle_accepted()` method
-returning a `(sock, addr)` pair which is called when a connection has actually
+returning a ``(sock, addr)`` pair which is called when a connection has actually
 been established with a new remote endpoint. This is supposed to be used as a
 replacement for old :meth:`~asyncore.dispatcher.handle_accept()` and avoids
 the user  to call :meth:`~asyncore.dispatcher.accept()` directly.

Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst

@@ -2389,10 +2389,10 @@ Porting Python code
   :attr:`sys.path_importer_cache` where it represents the use of implicit
   finders, but semantically it should not change anything.
 
-* :class:`importlib.abc.Finder` no longer specifies a `find_module()` abstract
+* :class:`importlib.abc.Finder` no longer specifies a ``find_module()`` abstract
   method that must be implemented. If you were relying on subclasses to
   implement that method, make sure to check for the method's existence first.
-  You will probably want to check for `find_loader()` first, though, in the
+  You will probably want to check for ``find_loader()`` first, though, in the
   case of working with :term:`path entry finders <path entry finder>`.
 
 * :mod:`pkgutil` has been converted to use :mod:`importlib` internally. This

Doc/whatsnew/3.5.rst

@@ -2469,11 +2469,11 @@ Changes in the Python API
   ``opt-`` tag in ``.pyc`` file names. The
   :func:`importlib.util.cache_from_source` has gained an *optimization*
   parameter to help control the ``opt-`` tag. Because of this, the
-  *debug_override* parameter of the function is now deprecated. `.pyo` files
+  *debug_override* parameter of the function is now deprecated. ``.pyo`` files
   are also no longer supported as a file argument to the Python interpreter and
   thus serve no purpose when distributed on their own (i.e. sourceless code
   distribution). Due to the fact that the magic number for bytecode has changed
-  in Python 3.5, all old `.pyo` files from previous versions of Python are
+  in Python 3.5, all old ``.pyo`` files from previous versions of Python are
   invalid regardless of this PEP.
 
 * The :mod:`socket` module now exports the :data:`~socket.CAN_RAW_FD_FRAMES`

Doc/whatsnew/3.6.rst

@@ -960,8 +960,8 @@ contextlib
 
 The :class:`contextlib.AbstractContextManager` class has been added to
 provide an abstract base class for context managers.  It provides a
-sensible default implementation for `__enter__()` which returns
+sensible default implementation for ``__enter__()`` which returns
-``self`` and leaves `__exit__()` an abstract method.  A matching
+``self`` and leaves ``__exit__()`` an abstract method.  A matching
 class has been added to the :mod:`typing` module as
 :class:`typing.ContextManager`.
 (Contributed by Brett Cannon in :issue:`25609`.)
@@ -1388,7 +1388,7 @@ are treated as punctuation.
 site
 ----
 
-When specifying paths to add to :attr:`sys.path` in a `.pth` file,
+When specifying paths to add to :attr:`sys.path` in a ``.pth`` file,
 you may now specify file paths on top of directories (e.g. zip files).
 (Contributed by Wolfgang Langner in :issue:`26587`).
 

Doc/whatsnew/3.7.rst

@@ -2497,7 +2497,7 @@ number of other issues). Some known details affected:
 
 * :c:func:`PySys_AddWarnOptionUnicode` is not currently usable by embedding
   applications due to the requirement to create a Unicode object prior to
-  calling `Py_Initialize`. Use :c:func:`PySys_AddWarnOption` instead.
+  calling ``Py_Initialize``. Use :c:func:`PySys_AddWarnOption` instead.
 
 * warnings filters added by an embedding application with
   :c:func:`PySys_AddWarnOption` should now more consistently take precedence

Doc/whatsnew/3.9.rst

@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ Reedy in :issue:`40468`.)  Move the indent space setting from the Font tab to
 the new Windows tab.  (Contributed by Mark Roseman and Terry Jan Reedy in
 :issue:`33962`.)
 
-Apply syntax highlighting to `.pyi` files. (Contributed by Alex
+Apply syntax highlighting to ``.pyi`` files. (Contributed by Alex
 Waygood and Terry Jan Reedy in :issue:`45447`.)
 
 imaplib

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2022-10-01-08-55-09.gh-issue-97591.pw6kkH.rst

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-Fixed a missing incref/decref pair in `Exception.__setstate__()`.
+Fixed a missing incref/decref pair in ``Exception.__setstate__()``.
 Patch by Ofey Chan.

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2022-09-01-17-03-04.gh-issue-96432.1EJ1-4.rst

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 Fraction literals now support whitespace around the forward slash,
-`Fraction('2 / 3')`.
+``Fraction('2 / 3')``.

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-05-09-21-31-41.gh-issue-92445.tJosdm.rst

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-Fix a bug in :mod:`argparse` where `nargs="*"` would raise an error instead of returning
+Fix a bug in :mod:`argparse` where ``nargs="*"`` would raise an error instead of returning
 an empty list when 0 arguments were supplied if choice was also defined in
 ``parser.add_argument``.

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-07-06-14-57-33.gh-issue-94619.PRqKVX.rst

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Remove the long-deprecated `module_repr()` from `importlib`.
+Remove the long-deprecated ``module_repr()`` from :mod:`importlib`.