gh-94673: More Per-Interpreter Fields for Builtin Static Types (gh-103912)

his involves moving tp_dict, tp_bases, and tp_mro to PyInterpreterState, in the same way we did for tp_subclasses.  Those three fields are effectively const for builtin static types (unlike tp_subclasses).  In theory we only need to make their values immortal, along with their contents.  However, that isn't such a simple proposition.  (See gh-103823.)  In the meantime the simplest solution is to move the fields into the interpreter.

One alternative is to statically allocate the values, but that's its own can of worms.

Include/internal/pycore_typeobject.h

@@ -44,6 +44,13 @@ struct type_cache {
 
 typedef struct {
     PyTypeObject *type;
+    int readying;
+    int ready;
+    // XXX tp_dict, tp_bases, and tp_mro can probably be statically
+    // allocated, instead of dynamically and stored on the interpreter.
+    PyObject *tp_dict;
+    PyObject *tp_bases;
+    PyObject *tp_mro;
     PyObject *tp_subclasses;
     /* We never clean up weakrefs for static builtin types since
        they will effectively never get triggered.  However, there

Modules/_abc.c

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "pycore_moduleobject.h"  // _PyModule_GetState()
 #include "pycore_object.h"        // _PyType_GetSubclasses()
 #include "pycore_runtime.h"       // _Py_ID()
+#include "pycore_typeobject.h"    // _PyType_GetMRO()
 #include "clinic/_abc.c.h"
 
 /*[clinic input]

Modules/gcmodule.c

@@ -2174,23 +2174,6 @@ _PyGC_DumpShutdownStats(PyInterpreterState *interp)
 }
 
 
-static void
-gc_fini_untrack(PyGC_Head *list)
-{
-    PyGC_Head *gc;
-    for (gc = GC_NEXT(list); gc != list; gc = GC_NEXT(list)) {
-        PyObject *op = FROM_GC(gc);
-        _PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(op);
-        // gh-92036: If a deallocator function expect the object to be tracked
-        // by the GC (ex: func_dealloc()), it can crash if called on an object
-        // which is no longer tracked by the GC. Leak one strong reference on
-        // purpose so the object is never deleted and its deallocator is not
-        // called.
-        Py_INCREF(op);
-    }
-}
-
-
 void
 _PyGC_Fini(PyInterpreterState *interp)
 {
@@ -2198,17 +2181,9 @@ _PyGC_Fini(PyInterpreterState *interp)
     Py_CLEAR(gcstate->garbage);
     Py_CLEAR(gcstate->callbacks);
 
-    if (!_Py_IsMainInterpreter(interp)) {
+    /* We expect that none of this interpreters objects are shared
-        // bpo-46070: Explicitly untrack all objects currently tracked by the
+       with other interpreters.
-        // GC. Otherwise, if an object is used later by another interpreter,
+       See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/90228. */
-        // calling PyObject_GC_UnTrack() on the object crashs if the previous
-        // or the next object of the PyGC_Head structure became a dangling
-        // pointer.
-        for (int i = 0; i < NUM_GENERATIONS; i++) {
-            PyGC_Head *gen = GEN_HEAD(gcstate, i);
-            gc_fini_untrack(gen);
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 /* for debugging */

Objects/structseq.c

@@ -511,7 +511,6 @@ _PyStructSequence_InitBuiltinWithFlags(PyInterpreterState *interp,
     Py_ssize_t n_members = count_members(desc, &n_unnamed_members);
     PyMemberDef *members = NULL;
 
-    int initialized = 1;
     if ((type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_READY) == 0) {
         assert(type->tp_name == NULL);
         assert(type->tp_members == NULL);
@@ -524,7 +523,6 @@ _PyStructSequence_InitBuiltinWithFlags(PyInterpreterState *interp,
         initialize_static_fields(type, desc, members, tp_flags);
 
         _Py_SetImmortal(type);
-        initialized = 0;
     }
 #ifndef NDEBUG
     else {
@@ -543,13 +541,10 @@ _PyStructSequence_InitBuiltinWithFlags(PyInterpreterState *interp,
                      desc->name);
         goto error;
     }
-    // This should be dropped if tp_dict is made per-interpreter.
-    if (initialized) {
-        return 0;
-    }
 
     if (initialize_structseq_dict(
-            desc, _PyType_GetDict(type), n_members, n_unnamed_members) < 0) {
+            desc, _PyType_GetDict(type), n_members, n_unnamed_members) < 0)
+    {
         goto error;
     }
 

Objects/typeobject.c

@@ -167,29 +167,93 @@ static_builtin_state_clear(PyInterpreterState *interp, PyTypeObject *self)
 /* end static builtin helpers */
 
 
+static inline void
+start_readying(PyTypeObject *type)
+{
+    if (type->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = static_builtin_state_get(interp, type);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        assert(!state->readying);
+        state->readying = 1;
+        return;
+    }
+    assert((type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_READYING) == 0);
+    type->tp_flags |= Py_TPFLAGS_READYING;
+}
+
+static inline void
+stop_readying(PyTypeObject *type)
+{
+    if (type->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = static_builtin_state_get(interp, type);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        assert(state->readying);
+        state->readying = 0;
+        return;
+    }
+    assert(type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_READYING);
+    type->tp_flags &= ~Py_TPFLAGS_READYING;
+}
+
+static inline int
+is_readying(PyTypeObject *type)
+{
+    if (type->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = static_builtin_state_get(interp, type);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        return state->readying;
+    }
+    return (type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_READYING) != 0;
+}
+
+
 /* accessors for objects stored on PyTypeObject */
 
 static inline PyObject *
 lookup_tp_dict(PyTypeObject *self)
 {
+    if (self->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = _PyStaticType_GetState(interp, self);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        return state->tp_dict;
+    }
     return self->tp_dict;
 }
 
 PyObject *
 _PyType_GetDict(PyTypeObject *self)
 {
+    /* It returns a borrowed reference. */
     return lookup_tp_dict(self);
 }
 
 static inline void
 set_tp_dict(PyTypeObject *self, PyObject *dict)
 {
+    if (self->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = _PyStaticType_GetState(interp, self);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        state->tp_dict = dict;
+        return;
+    }
     self->tp_dict = dict;
 }
 
 static inline void
 clear_tp_dict(PyTypeObject *self)
 {
+    if (self->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = _PyStaticType_GetState(interp, self);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        Py_CLEAR(state->tp_dict);
+        return;
+    }
     Py_CLEAR(self->tp_dict);
 }
 
@@ -197,24 +261,45 @@ clear_tp_dict(PyTypeObject *self)
 static inline PyObject *
 lookup_tp_bases(PyTypeObject *self)
 {
+    if (self->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = _PyStaticType_GetState(interp, self);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        return state->tp_bases;
+    }
     return self->tp_bases;
 }
 
 PyObject *
 _PyType_GetBases(PyTypeObject *self)
 {
+    /* It returns a borrowed reference. */
     return lookup_tp_bases(self);
 }
 
 static inline void
 set_tp_bases(PyTypeObject *self, PyObject *bases)
 {
+    if (self->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = _PyStaticType_GetState(interp, self);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        state->tp_bases = bases;
+        return;
+    }
     self->tp_bases = bases;
 }
 
 static inline void
 clear_tp_bases(PyTypeObject *self)
 {
+    if (self->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = _PyStaticType_GetState(interp, self);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        Py_CLEAR(state->tp_bases);
+        return;
+    }
     Py_CLEAR(self->tp_bases);
 }
 
@@ -222,24 +307,45 @@ clear_tp_bases(PyTypeObject *self)
 static inline PyObject *
 lookup_tp_mro(PyTypeObject *self)
 {
+    if (self->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = _PyStaticType_GetState(interp, self);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        return state->tp_mro;
+    }
     return self->tp_mro;
 }
 
 PyObject *
 _PyType_GetMRO(PyTypeObject *self)
 {
+    /* It returns a borrowed reference. */
     return lookup_tp_mro(self);
 }
 
 static inline void
 set_tp_mro(PyTypeObject *self, PyObject *mro)
 {
+    if (self->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = _PyStaticType_GetState(interp, self);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        state->tp_mro = mro;
+        return;
+    }
     self->tp_mro = mro;
 }
 
 static inline void
 clear_tp_mro(PyTypeObject *self)
 {
+    if (self->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN) {
+        PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+        static_builtin_state *state = _PyStaticType_GetState(interp, self);
+        assert(state != NULL);
+        Py_CLEAR(state->tp_mro);
+        return;
+    }
     Py_CLEAR(self->tp_mro);
 }
 
@@ -408,7 +514,7 @@ _PyType_CheckConsistency(PyTypeObject *type)
     CHECK(Py_REFCNT(type) >= 1);
     CHECK(PyType_Check(type));
 
-    CHECK(!(type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_READYING));
+    CHECK(!is_readying(type));
     CHECK(lookup_tp_dict(type) != NULL);
 
     if (type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC) {
@@ -809,7 +915,6 @@ static PyMemberDef type_members[] = {
     {"__base__", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyTypeObject, tp_base), READONLY},
     {"__dictoffset__", T_PYSSIZET,
      offsetof(PyTypeObject, tp_dictoffset), READONLY},
-    {"__mro__", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyTypeObject, tp_mro), READONLY},
     {0}
 };
 
@@ -1023,7 +1128,21 @@ type_set_abstractmethods(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *value, void *context)
 static PyObject *
 type_get_bases(PyTypeObject *type, void *context)
 {
-    return Py_NewRef(lookup_tp_bases(type));
+    PyObject *bases = lookup_tp_bases(type);
+    if (bases == NULL) {
+        Py_RETURN_NONE;
+    }
+    return Py_NewRef(bases);
+}
+
+static PyObject *
+type_get_mro(PyTypeObject *type, void *context)
+{
+    PyObject *mro = lookup_tp_mro(type);
+    if (mro == NULL) {
+        Py_RETURN_NONE;
+    }
+    return Py_NewRef(mro);
 }
 
 static PyTypeObject *best_base(PyObject *);
@@ -1402,6 +1521,7 @@ static PyGetSetDef type_getsets[] = {
     {"__name__", (getter)type_name, (setter)type_set_name, NULL},
     {"__qualname__", (getter)type_qualname, (setter)type_set_qualname, NULL},
     {"__bases__", (getter)type_get_bases, (setter)type_set_bases, NULL},
+    {"__mro__", (getter)type_get_mro, NULL, NULL},
     {"__module__", (getter)type_module, (setter)type_set_module, NULL},
     {"__abstractmethods__", (getter)type_abstractmethods,
      (setter)type_set_abstractmethods, NULL},
@@ -4342,7 +4462,7 @@ find_name_in_mro(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name, int *error)
     /* Look in tp_dict of types in MRO */
     PyObject *mro = lookup_tp_mro(type);
     if (mro == NULL) {
-        if ((type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_READYING) == 0) {
+        if (!is_readying(type)) {
             if (PyType_Ready(type) < 0) {
                 *error = -1;
                 return NULL;
@@ -4692,11 +4812,11 @@ static void
 clear_static_type_objects(PyInterpreterState *interp, PyTypeObject *type)
 {
     if (_Py_IsMainInterpreter(interp)) {
-        clear_tp_dict(type);
-        clear_tp_bases(type);
-        clear_tp_mro(type);
         Py_CLEAR(type->tp_cache);
     }
+    clear_tp_dict(type);
+    clear_tp_bases(type);
+    clear_tp_mro(type);
     clear_static_tp_subclasses(type);
 }
 
@@ -6684,6 +6804,10 @@ type_ready_pre_checks(PyTypeObject *type)
 static int
 type_ready_set_bases(PyTypeObject *type)
 {
+    if (lookup_tp_bases(type) != NULL) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
     /* Initialize tp_base (defaults to BaseObject unless that's us) */
     PyTypeObject *base = type->tp_base;
     if (base == NULL && type != &PyBaseObject_Type) {
@@ -6997,7 +7121,7 @@ type_ready_add_subclasses(PyTypeObject *type)
 // Set tp_new and the "__new__" key in the type dictionary.
 // Use the Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION flag.
 static int
-type_ready_set_new(PyTypeObject *type)
+type_ready_set_new(PyTypeObject *type, int rerunbuiltin)
 {
     PyTypeObject *base = type->tp_base;
     /* The condition below could use some explanation.
@@ -7019,10 +7143,12 @@ type_ready_set_new(PyTypeObject *type)
 
     if (!(type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION)) {
         if (type->tp_new != NULL) {
-            // If "__new__" key does not exists in the type dictionary,
+            if (!rerunbuiltin || base == NULL || type->tp_new != base->tp_new) {
-            // set it to tp_new_wrapper().
+                // If "__new__" key does not exists in the type dictionary,
-            if (add_tp_new_wrapper(type) < 0) {
+                // set it to tp_new_wrapper().
-                return -1;
+                if (add_tp_new_wrapper(type) < 0) {
+                    return -1;
+                }
             }
         }
         else {
@@ -7096,11 +7222,10 @@ type_ready_post_checks(PyTypeObject *type)
 
 
 static int
-type_ready(PyTypeObject *type)
+type_ready(PyTypeObject *type, int rerunbuiltin)
 {
-    _PyObject_ASSERT((PyObject *)type,
+    _PyObject_ASSERT((PyObject *)type, !is_readying(type));
-                     (type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_READYING) == 0);
+    start_readying(type);
-    type->tp_flags |= Py_TPFLAGS_READYING;
 
     if (type_ready_pre_checks(type) < 0) {
         goto error;
@@ -7125,17 +7250,19 @@ type_ready(PyTypeObject *type)
     if (type_ready_mro(type) < 0) {
         goto error;
     }
-    if (type_ready_set_new(type) < 0) {
+    if (type_ready_set_new(type, rerunbuiltin) < 0) {
         goto error;
     }
     if (type_ready_fill_dict(type) < 0) {
         goto error;
     }
-    if (type_ready_inherit(type) < 0) {
+    if (!rerunbuiltin) {
-        goto error;
+        if (type_ready_inherit(type) < 0) {
-    }
+            goto error;
-    if (type_ready_preheader(type) < 0) {
+        }
-        goto error;
+        if (type_ready_preheader(type) < 0) {
+            goto error;
+        }
     }
     if (type_ready_set_hash(type) < 0) {
         goto error;
@@ -7143,21 +7270,24 @@ type_ready(PyTypeObject *type)
     if (type_ready_add_subclasses(type) < 0) {
         goto error;
     }
-    if (type_ready_managed_dict(type) < 0) {
+    if (!rerunbuiltin) {
-        goto error;
+        if (type_ready_managed_dict(type) < 0) {
-    }
+            goto error;
-    if (type_ready_post_checks(type) < 0) {
+        }
-        goto error;
+        if (type_ready_post_checks(type) < 0) {
+            goto error;
+        }
     }
 
     /* All done -- set the ready flag */
-    type->tp_flags = (type->tp_flags & ~Py_TPFLAGS_READYING) | Py_TPFLAGS_READY;
+    type->tp_flags = type->tp_flags | Py_TPFLAGS_READY;
+    stop_readying(type);
 
     assert(_PyType_CheckConsistency(type));
     return 0;
 
 error:
-    type->tp_flags &= ~Py_TPFLAGS_READYING;
+    stop_readying(type);
     return -1;
 }
 
@@ -7175,7 +7305,7 @@ PyType_Ready(PyTypeObject *type)
         type->tp_flags |= Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE;
     }
 
-    return type_ready(type);
+    return type_ready(type, 0);
 }
 
 int
@@ -7186,35 +7316,26 @@ _PyStaticType_InitBuiltin(PyInterpreterState *interp, PyTypeObject *self)
     assert(!(self->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT));
     assert(!(self->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_WEAKREF));
 
-#ifndef NDEBUG
     int ismain = _Py_IsMainInterpreter(interp);
-#endif
+    if ((self->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_READY) == 0) {
-    if (self->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_READY) {
+        assert(ismain);
+
+        self->tp_flags |= _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN;
+        self->tp_flags |= Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE;
+
+        assert(NEXT_GLOBAL_VERSION_TAG <= _Py_MAX_GLOBAL_TYPE_VERSION_TAG);
+        self->tp_version_tag = NEXT_GLOBAL_VERSION_TAG++;
+        self->tp_flags |= Py_TPFLAGS_VALID_VERSION_TAG;
+    }
+    else {
         assert(!ismain);
         assert(self->tp_flags & _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN);
         assert(self->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_VALID_VERSION_TAG);
-
-        static_builtin_state_init(interp, self);
-
-        /* Per-interpreter tp_subclasses is done lazily.
-           Otherwise we would initialize it here. */
-
-        assert(_PyType_CheckConsistency(self));
-        return 0;
     }
 
-    assert(ismain);
-
-    self->tp_flags |= _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN;
-    self->tp_flags |= Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE;
-
-    assert(NEXT_GLOBAL_VERSION_TAG <= _Py_MAX_GLOBAL_TYPE_VERSION_TAG);
-    self->tp_version_tag = NEXT_GLOBAL_VERSION_TAG++;
-    self->tp_flags |= Py_TPFLAGS_VALID_VERSION_TAG;
-
     static_builtin_state_init(interp, self);
 
-    int res = type_ready(self);
+    int res = type_ready(self, !ismain);
     if (res < 0) {
         static_builtin_state_clear(interp, self);
     }