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Merge for issue #28705

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Brett Cannon 2016-11-18 10:42:10 -08:00
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@ -366,33 +366,11 @@ is exactly the same type of object that a lambda expression yields) is assigned!
Can Python be compiled to machine code, C or some other language?
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Practical answer:
`Cython <http://cython.org/>`_ and `Pyrex <https://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/>`_
compile a modified version of Python with optional annotations into C
extensions. `Weave <https://scipy.github.io/devdocs/tutorial/weave.html>`_ makes it easy to
intermingle Python and C code in various ways to increase performance.
`Nuitka <http://www.nuitka.net/>`_ is an up-and-coming compiler of Python
into C++ code, aiming to support the full Python language.
Theoretical answer:
.. XXX not sure what to make of this
Not trivially. Python's high level data types, dynamic typing of objects and
run-time invocation of the interpreter (using :func:`eval` or :func:`exec`)
together mean that a naïvely "compiled" Python program would probably consist
mostly of calls into the Python run-time system, even for seemingly simple
operations like ``x+1``.
Several projects described in the Python newsgroup or at past `Python
conferences <https://www.python.org/community/workshops/>`_ have shown that this
approach is feasible, although the speedups reached so far are only modest
(e.g. 2x). Jython uses the same strategy for compiling to Java bytecode. (Jim
Hugunin has demonstrated that in combination with whole-program analysis,
speedups of 1000x are feasible for small demo programs. See the proceedings
from the `1997 Python conference
<http://legacy.python.org/workshops/1997-10/proceedings/>`_ for more information.)
`Cython <http://cython.org/>`_ compiles a modified version of Python with
optional annotations into C extensions. `Nuitka <http://www.nuitka.net/>`_ is
an up-and-coming compiler of Python into C++ code, aiming to support the full
Python language. For compiling to Java you can consider
`VOC <https://voc.readthedocs.io>`_.
How does Python manage memory?