diff --git a/Doc/library/importlib.resources.rst b/Doc/library/importlib.resources.rst
index 399191301a3..4c6aa59bf9f 100644
--- a/Doc/library/importlib.resources.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/importlib.resources.rst
@@ -14,12 +14,13 @@ This module leverages Python's import system to provide access to *resources*
 within *packages*.
 
 "Resources" are file-like resources associated with a module or package in
-Python. The resources may be contained directly in a package or within a
-subdirectory contained in that package. Resources may be text or binary. As a
-result, Python module sources (.py) of a package and compilation artifacts
-(pycache) are technically de-facto resources of that package. In practice,
-however, resources are primarily those non-Python artifacts exposed
-specifically by the package author.
+Python. The resources may be contained directly in a package, within a
+subdirectory contained in that package, or adjacent to modules outside a
+package. Resources may be text or binary. As a result, Python module sources
+(.py) of a package and compilation artifacts (pycache) are technically
+de-facto resources of that package. In practice, however, resources are
+primarily those non-Python artifacts exposed specifically by the package
+author.
 
 Resources can be opened or read in either binary or text mode.
 
@@ -49,27 +50,35 @@ for example, a package and its resources can be imported from a zip file using
 ``get_resource_reader(fullname)`` method as specified by
 :class:`importlib.resources.abc.ResourceReader`.
 
-.. data:: Package
+.. data:: Anchor
 
-    Whenever a function accepts a ``Package`` argument, you can pass in
-    either a :class:`module object <types.ModuleType>` or a module name
-    as a string.  You can only pass module objects whose
-    ``__spec__.submodule_search_locations`` is not ``None``.
+    Represents an anchor for resources, either a :class:`module object
+    <types.ModuleType>` or a module name as a string. Defined as
+    ``Union[str, ModuleType]``.
 
-    The ``Package`` type is defined as ``Union[str, ModuleType]``.
-
-.. function:: files(package)
+.. function:: files(anchor: Optional[Anchor] = None)
 
     Returns a :class:`~importlib.resources.abc.Traversable` object
-    representing the resource container for the package (think directory)
-    and its resources (think files). A Traversable may contain other
-    containers (think subdirectories).
+    representing the resource container (think directory) and its resources
+    (think files). A Traversable may contain other containers (think
+    subdirectories).
 
-    *package* is either a name or a module object which conforms to the
-    :data:`Package` requirements.
+    *anchor* is an optional :data:`Anchor`. If the anchor is a
+    package, resources are resolved from that package. If a module,
+    resources are resolved adjacent to that module (in the same package
+    or the package root). If the anchor is omitted, the caller's module
+    is used.
 
     .. versionadded:: 3.9
 
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.12
+       "package" parameter was renamed to "anchor". "anchor" can now
+       be a non-package module and if omitted will default to the caller's
+       module. "package" is still accepted for compatibility but will raise
+       a DeprecationWarning. Consider passing the anchor positionally or
+       using ``importlib_resources >= 5.10`` for a compatible interface
+       on older Pythons.
+
 .. function:: as_file(traversable)
 
     Given a :class:`~importlib.resources.abc.Traversable` object representing
@@ -86,6 +95,7 @@ for example, a package and its resources can be imported from a zip file using
 
     .. versionadded:: 3.9
 
+
 Deprecated functions
 --------------------
 
@@ -94,6 +104,18 @@ scheduled for removal in a future version of Python.
 The main drawback of these functions is that they do not support
 directories: they assume all resources are located directly within a *package*.
 
+.. data:: Package
+
+    Whenever a function accepts a ``Package`` argument, you can pass in
+    either a :class:`module object <types.ModuleType>` or a module name
+    as a string.  You can only pass module objects whose
+    ``__spec__.submodule_search_locations`` is not ``None``.
+
+    The ``Package`` type is defined as ``Union[str, ModuleType]``.
+
+   .. deprecated:: 3.12
+
+
 .. data:: Resource
 
     For *resource* arguments of the functions below, you can pass in
@@ -102,6 +124,7 @@ directories: they assume all resources are located directly within a *package*.
 
     The ``Resource`` type is defined as ``Union[str, os.PathLike]``.
 
+
 .. function:: open_binary(package, resource)
 
     Open for binary reading the *resource* within *package*.
diff --git a/Lib/importlib/resources/_common.py b/Lib/importlib/resources/_common.py
index 92a37e2c12b..a3902535342 100644
--- a/Lib/importlib/resources/_common.py
+++ b/Lib/importlib/resources/_common.py
@@ -5,25 +5,58 @@ import functools
 import contextlib
 import types
 import importlib
+import inspect
+import warnings
+import itertools
 
-from typing import Union, Optional
+from typing import Union, Optional, cast
 from .abc import ResourceReader, Traversable
 
 from ._adapters import wrap_spec
 
 Package = Union[types.ModuleType, str]
+Anchor = Package
 
 
-def files(package):
-    # type: (Package) -> Traversable
+def package_to_anchor(func):
     """
-    Get a Traversable resource from a package
+    Replace 'package' parameter as 'anchor' and warn about the change.
+
+    Other errors should fall through.
+
+    >>> files('a', 'b')
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    TypeError: files() takes from 0 to 1 positional arguments but 2 were given
     """
-    return from_package(get_package(package))
+    undefined = object()
+
+    @functools.wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(anchor=undefined, package=undefined):
+        if package is not undefined:
+            if anchor is not undefined:
+                return func(anchor, package)
+            warnings.warn(
+                "First parameter to files is renamed to 'anchor'",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            return func(package)
+        elif anchor is undefined:
+            return func()
+        return func(anchor)
+
+    return wrapper
 
 
-def get_resource_reader(package):
-    # type: (types.ModuleType) -> Optional[ResourceReader]
+@package_to_anchor
+def files(anchor: Optional[Anchor] = None) -> Traversable:
+    """
+    Get a Traversable resource for an anchor.
+    """
+    return from_package(resolve(anchor))
+
+
+def get_resource_reader(package: types.ModuleType) -> Optional[ResourceReader]:
     """
     Return the package's loader if it's a ResourceReader.
     """
@@ -39,24 +72,39 @@ def get_resource_reader(package):
     return reader(spec.name)  # type: ignore
 
 
-def resolve(cand):
-    # type: (Package) -> types.ModuleType
-    return cand if isinstance(cand, types.ModuleType) else importlib.import_module(cand)
+@functools.singledispatch
+def resolve(cand: Optional[Anchor]) -> types.ModuleType:
+    return cast(types.ModuleType, cand)
 
 
-def get_package(package):
-    # type: (Package) -> types.ModuleType
-    """Take a package name or module object and return the module.
+@resolve.register
+def _(cand: str) -> types.ModuleType:
+    return importlib.import_module(cand)
 
-    Raise an exception if the resolved module is not a package.
+
+@resolve.register
+def _(cand: None) -> types.ModuleType:
+    return resolve(_infer_caller().f_globals['__name__'])
+
+
+def _infer_caller():
     """
-    resolved = resolve(package)
-    if wrap_spec(resolved).submodule_search_locations is None:
-        raise TypeError(f'{package!r} is not a package')
-    return resolved
+    Walk the stack and find the frame of the first caller not in this module.
+    """
+
+    def is_this_file(frame_info):
+        return frame_info.filename == __file__
+
+    def is_wrapper(frame_info):
+        return frame_info.function == 'wrapper'
+
+    not_this_file = itertools.filterfalse(is_this_file, inspect.stack())
+    # also exclude 'wrapper' due to singledispatch in the call stack
+    callers = itertools.filterfalse(is_wrapper, not_this_file)
+    return next(callers).frame
 
 
-def from_package(package):
+def from_package(package: types.ModuleType):
     """
     Return a Traversable object for the given package.
 
diff --git a/Lib/importlib/resources/_legacy.py b/Lib/importlib/resources/_legacy.py
index 1d5d3f1fbb1..b1ea8105dad 100644
--- a/Lib/importlib/resources/_legacy.py
+++ b/Lib/importlib/resources/_legacy.py
@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@ def deprecated(func):
     return wrapper
 
 
-def normalize_path(path):
-    # type: (Any) -> str
+def normalize_path(path: Any) -> str:
     """Normalize a path by ensuring it is a string.
 
     If the resulting string contains path separators, an exception is raised.
diff --git a/Lib/importlib/resources/abc.py b/Lib/importlib/resources/abc.py
index 67c78c07856..6750a7aaf14 100644
--- a/Lib/importlib/resources/abc.py
+++ b/Lib/importlib/resources/abc.py
@@ -142,7 +142,8 @@ class Traversable(Protocol):
         accepted by io.TextIOWrapper.
         """
 
-    @abc.abstractproperty
+    @property
+    @abc.abstractmethod
     def name(self) -> str:
         """
         The base name of this object without any parent references.
diff --git a/Lib/importlib/resources/simple.py b/Lib/importlib/resources/simple.py
index b85e4694ace..7770c922c84 100644
--- a/Lib/importlib/resources/simple.py
+++ b/Lib/importlib/resources/simple.py
@@ -16,31 +16,28 @@ class SimpleReader(abc.ABC):
     provider.
     """
 
-    @abc.abstractproperty
-    def package(self):
-        # type: () -> str
+    @property
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def package(self) -> str:
         """
         The name of the package for which this reader loads resources.
         """
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def children(self):
-        # type: () -> List['SimpleReader']
+    def children(self) -> List['SimpleReader']:
         """
         Obtain an iterable of SimpleReader for available
         child containers (e.g. directories).
         """
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def resources(self):
-        # type: () -> List[str]
+    def resources(self) -> List[str]:
         """
         Obtain available named resources for this virtual package.
         """
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def open_binary(self, resource):
-        # type: (str) -> BinaryIO
+    def open_binary(self, resource: str) -> BinaryIO:
         """
         Obtain a File-like for a named resource.
         """
@@ -50,13 +47,35 @@ class SimpleReader(abc.ABC):
         return self.package.split('.')[-1]
 
 
+class ResourceContainer(Traversable):
+    """
+    Traversable container for a package's resources via its reader.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, reader: SimpleReader):
+        self.reader = reader
+
+    def is_dir(self):
+        return True
+
+    def is_file(self):
+        return False
+
+    def iterdir(self):
+        files = (ResourceHandle(self, name) for name in self.reader.resources)
+        dirs = map(ResourceContainer, self.reader.children())
+        return itertools.chain(files, dirs)
+
+    def open(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        raise IsADirectoryError()
+
+
 class ResourceHandle(Traversable):
     """
     Handle to a named resource in a ResourceReader.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, parent, name):
-        # type: (ResourceContainer, str) -> None
+    def __init__(self, parent: ResourceContainer, name: str):
         self.parent = parent
         self.name = name  # type: ignore
 
@@ -76,30 +95,6 @@ class ResourceHandle(Traversable):
         raise RuntimeError("Cannot traverse into a resource")
 
 
-class ResourceContainer(Traversable):
-    """
-    Traversable container for a package's resources via its reader.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, reader):
-        # type: (SimpleReader) -> None
-        self.reader = reader
-
-    def is_dir(self):
-        return True
-
-    def is_file(self):
-        return False
-
-    def iterdir(self):
-        files = (ResourceHandle(self, name) for name in self.reader.resources)
-        dirs = map(ResourceContainer, self.reader.children())
-        return itertools.chain(files, dirs)
-
-    def open(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        raise IsADirectoryError()
-
-
 class TraversableReader(TraversableResources, SimpleReader):
     """
     A TraversableResources based on SimpleReader. Resource providers
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/_path.py b/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/_path.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c630e4d3d3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/_path.py
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import pathlib
+import functools
+
+
+####
+# from jaraco.path 3.4
+
+
+def build(spec, prefix=pathlib.Path()):
+    """
+    Build a set of files/directories, as described by the spec.
+
+    Each key represents a pathname, and the value represents
+    the content. Content may be a nested directory.
+
+    >>> spec = {
+    ...     'README.txt': "A README file",
+    ...     "foo": {
+    ...         "__init__.py": "",
+    ...         "bar": {
+    ...             "__init__.py": "",
+    ...         },
+    ...         "baz.py": "# Some code",
+    ...     }
+    ... }
+    >>> tmpdir = getfixture('tmpdir')
+    >>> build(spec, tmpdir)
+    """
+    for name, contents in spec.items():
+        create(contents, pathlib.Path(prefix) / name)
+
+
+@functools.singledispatch
+def create(content, path):
+    path.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+    build(content, prefix=path)  # type: ignore
+
+
+@create.register
+def _(content: bytes, path):
+    path.write_bytes(content)
+
+
+@create.register
+def _(content: str, path):
+    path.write_text(content)
+
+
+# end from jaraco.path
+####
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/test_files.py b/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/test_files.py
index 779e5a12b5d..fe813ae7d08 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/test_files.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/test_files.py
@@ -1,10 +1,24 @@
 import typing
+import textwrap
 import unittest
+import warnings
+import importlib
+import contextlib
 
 from importlib import resources
 from importlib.resources.abc import Traversable
 from . import data01
 from . import util
+from . import _path
+from test.support import os_helper
+from test.support import import_helper
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def suppress_known_deprecation():
+    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as ctx:
+        warnings.simplefilter('default', category=DeprecationWarning)
+        yield ctx
 
 
 class FilesTests:
@@ -25,6 +39,14 @@ class FilesTests:
     def test_traversable(self):
         assert isinstance(resources.files(self.data), Traversable)
 
+    def test_old_parameter(self):
+        """
+        Files used to take a 'package' parameter. Make sure anyone
+        passing by name is still supported.
+        """
+        with suppress_known_deprecation():
+            resources.files(package=self.data)
+
 
 class OpenDiskTests(FilesTests, unittest.TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
@@ -42,5 +64,50 @@ class OpenNamespaceTests(FilesTests, unittest.TestCase):
         self.data = namespacedata01
 
 
+class SiteDir:
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.fixtures = contextlib.ExitStack()
+        self.addCleanup(self.fixtures.close)
+        self.site_dir = self.fixtures.enter_context(os_helper.temp_dir())
+        self.fixtures.enter_context(import_helper.DirsOnSysPath(self.site_dir))
+        self.fixtures.enter_context(import_helper.CleanImport())
+
+
+class ModulesFilesTests(SiteDir, unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_module_resources(self):
+        """
+        A module can have resources found adjacent to the module.
+        """
+        spec = {
+            'mod.py': '',
+            'res.txt': 'resources are the best',
+        }
+        _path.build(spec, self.site_dir)
+        import mod
+
+        actual = resources.files(mod).joinpath('res.txt').read_text()
+        assert actual == spec['res.txt']
+
+
+class ImplicitContextFilesTests(SiteDir, unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_implicit_files(self):
+        """
+        Without any parameter, files() will infer the location as the caller.
+        """
+        spec = {
+            'somepkg': {
+                '__init__.py': textwrap.dedent(
+                    """
+                    import importlib.resources as res
+                    val = res.files().joinpath('res.txt').read_text()
+                    """
+                ),
+                'res.txt': 'resources are the best',
+            },
+        }
+        _path.build(spec, self.site_dir)
+        assert importlib.import_module('somepkg').val == 'resources are the best'
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/util.py b/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/util.py
index eb2291f15de..1e72b91ff6b 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/util.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_importlib/resources/util.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import importlib
 import io
 import sys
 import types
-from pathlib import Path, PurePath
+import pathlib
 
 from . import data01
 from . import zipdata01
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ class CommonTests(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
 
     def test_pathlib_path(self):
         # Passing in a pathlib.PurePath object for the path should succeed.
-        path = PurePath('utf-8.file')
+        path = pathlib.PurePath('utf-8.file')
         self.execute(data01, path)
 
     def test_importing_module_as_side_effect(self):
@@ -102,17 +102,6 @@ class CommonTests(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
         del sys.modules[data01.__name__]
         self.execute(data01.__name__, 'utf-8.file')
 
-    def test_non_package_by_name(self):
-        # The anchor package cannot be a module.
-        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
-            self.execute(__name__, 'utf-8.file')
-
-    def test_non_package_by_package(self):
-        # The anchor package cannot be a module.
-        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
-            module = sys.modules['test.test_importlib.resources.util']
-            self.execute(module, 'utf-8.file')
-
     def test_missing_path(self):
         # Attempting to open or read or request the path for a
         # non-existent path should succeed if open_resource
@@ -144,7 +133,7 @@ class ZipSetupBase:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpClass(cls):
-        data_path = Path(cls.ZIP_MODULE.__file__)
+        data_path = pathlib.Path(cls.ZIP_MODULE.__file__)
         data_dir = data_path.parent
         cls._zip_path = str(data_dir / 'ziptestdata.zip')
         sys.path.append(cls._zip_path)
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-12-29-11-45-22.gh-issue-97930.hrtmJe.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-12-29-11-45-22.gh-issue-97930.hrtmJe.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1fe4a9d6b77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-12-29-11-45-22.gh-issue-97930.hrtmJe.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+``importlib.resources.files`` now accepts a module as an anchor instead of
+only accepting packages. If a module is passed, resources are resolved
+adjacent to that module (in the same package or at the package root). The
+parameter was renamed from ``package`` to ``anchor`` with a compatibility
+shim for those passing by keyword. Additionally, the new ``anchor``
+parameter is now optional and will default to the caller's module.