diff --git a/Lib/cgitb.py b/Lib/cgitb.py
index 8ce0e833a98..f6b97f25c59 100644
--- a/Lib/cgitb.py
+++ b/Lib/cgitb.py
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def lookup(name, frame, locals):
return 'global', frame.f_globals[name]
if '__builtins__' in frame.f_globals:
builtins = frame.f_globals['__builtins__']
- if type(builtins) is type({}):
+ if isinstance(builtins, dict):
if name in builtins:
return 'builtin', builtins[name]
else:
diff --git a/Lib/csv.py b/Lib/csv.py
index bb3ee269ae7..a0782705d5a 100644
--- a/Lib/csv.py
+++ b/Lib/csv.py
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ class Sniffer:
# on whether it's a header
hasHeader = 0
for col, colType in columnTypes.items():
- if type(colType) == type(0): # it's a length
+ if isinstance(colType, int): # it's a length
if len(header[col]) != colType:
hasHeader += 1
else:
diff --git a/Lib/curses/ascii.py b/Lib/curses/ascii.py
index 5b243be6811..95acff33925 100644
--- a/Lib/curses/ascii.py
+++ b/Lib/curses/ascii.py
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ controlnames = [
]
def _ctoi(c):
- if type(c) == type(""):
+ if isinstance(c, str):
return ord(c)
else:
return c
@@ -69,19 +69,19 @@ def isctrl(c): return 0 <= _ctoi(c) < 32
def ismeta(c): return _ctoi(c) > 127
def ascii(c):
- if type(c) == type(""):
+ if isinstance(c, str):
return chr(_ctoi(c) & 0x7f)
else:
return _ctoi(c) & 0x7f
def ctrl(c):
- if type(c) == type(""):
+ if isinstance(c, str):
return chr(_ctoi(c) & 0x1f)
else:
return _ctoi(c) & 0x1f
def alt(c):
- if type(c) == type(""):
+ if isinstance(c, str):
return chr(_ctoi(c) | 0x80)
else:
return _ctoi(c) | 0x80
diff --git a/Lib/distutils/command/register.py b/Lib/distutils/command/register.py
index 0fac94e9e54..170f5497141 100644
--- a/Lib/distutils/command/register.py
+++ b/Lib/distutils/command/register.py
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ Your selection [default 1]: ''', log.INFO)
body = io.StringIO()
for key, value in data.items():
# handle multiple entries for the same name
- if type(value) not in (type([]), type( () )):
+ if not isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
value = [value]
for value in value:
value = str(value)
diff --git a/Lib/ftplib.py b/Lib/ftplib.py
index 7c5a50715f6..dc9a8afbd8d 100644
--- a/Lib/ftplib.py
+++ b/Lib/ftplib.py
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ class FTP:
LIST command. (This *should* only be used for a pathname.)'''
cmd = 'LIST'
func = None
- if args[-1:] and type(args[-1]) != type(''):
+ if args[-1:] and not isinstance(args[-1], str):
args, func = args[:-1], args[-1]
for arg in args:
if arg:
diff --git a/Lib/getopt.py b/Lib/getopt.py
index 9d4cab1bac3..5419d77f5d7 100644
--- a/Lib/getopt.py
+++ b/Lib/getopt.py
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ def getopt(args, shortopts, longopts = []):
"""
opts = []
- if type(longopts) == type(""):
+ if isinstance(longopts, str):
longopts = [longopts]
else:
longopts = list(longopts)
diff --git a/Lib/idlelib/browser.py b/Lib/idlelib/browser.py
index 3c3a53a6599..4da2d4071ac 100644
--- a/Lib/idlelib/browser.py
+++ b/Lib/idlelib/browser.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def transform_children(child_dict, modname=None):
# If obj.name != key, it has already been suffixed.
supers = []
for sup in obj.super:
- if type(sup) is type(''):
+ if isinstance(sup, str):
sname = sup
else:
sname = sup.name
diff --git a/Lib/lib2to3/pgen2/token.py b/Lib/lib2to3/pgen2/token.py
index 5f6612f5b30..2a55138e482 100755
--- a/Lib/lib2to3/pgen2/token.py
+++ b/Lib/lib2to3/pgen2/token.py
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ NT_OFFSET = 256
tok_name = {}
for _name, _value in list(globals().items()):
- if type(_value) is type(0):
+ if isinstance(_value, int):
tok_name[_value] = _name
diff --git a/Lib/plistlib.py b/Lib/plistlib.py
index 4862355b225..d03c75dfab9 100644
--- a/Lib/plistlib.py
+++ b/Lib/plistlib.py
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ class _PlistParser:
def add_object(self, value):
if self.current_key is not None:
- if not isinstance(self.stack[-1], type({})):
+ if not isinstance(self.stack[-1], dict):
raise ValueError("unexpected element at line %d" %
self.parser.CurrentLineNumber)
self.stack[-1][self.current_key] = value
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ class _PlistParser:
# this is the root object
self.root = value
else:
- if not isinstance(self.stack[-1], type([])):
+ if not isinstance(self.stack[-1], list):
raise ValueError("unexpected element at line %d" %
self.parser.CurrentLineNumber)
self.stack[-1].append(value)
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ class _PlistParser:
self.stack.pop()
def end_key(self):
- if self.current_key or not isinstance(self.stack[-1], type({})):
+ if self.current_key or not isinstance(self.stack[-1], dict):
raise ValueError("unexpected key at line %d" %
self.parser.CurrentLineNumber)
self.current_key = self.get_data()
diff --git a/Lib/pty.py b/Lib/pty.py
index 8d8ce40df54..03073f07c92 100644
--- a/Lib/pty.py
+++ b/Lib/pty.py
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ def _copy(master_fd, master_read=_read, stdin_read=_read):
def spawn(argv, master_read=_read, stdin_read=_read):
"""Create a spawned process."""
- if type(argv) == type(''):
+ if isinstance(argv, str):
argv = (argv,)
sys.audit('pty.spawn', argv)
diff --git a/Lib/pydoc.py b/Lib/pydoc.py
index 297ff967a2c..cec9ac89f1c 100755
--- a/Lib/pydoc.py
+++ b/Lib/pydoc.py
@@ -727,7 +727,7 @@ class HTMLDoc(Doc):
"""Produce HTML for a class tree as given by inspect.getclasstree()."""
result = ''
for entry in tree:
- if type(entry) is type(()):
+ if isinstance(entry, tuple):
c, bases = entry
result = result + ''
result = result + self.classlink(c, modname)
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ class HTMLDoc(Doc):
parents.append(self.classlink(base, modname))
result = result + '(' + ', '.join(parents) + ')'
result = result + '\n'
- elif type(entry) is type([]):
+ elif isinstance(entry, list):
result = result + '\n%s\n' % self.formattree(
entry, modname, c)
return '\n%s
\n' % result
@@ -1190,14 +1190,14 @@ class TextDoc(Doc):
"""Render in text a class tree as returned by inspect.getclasstree()."""
result = ''
for entry in tree:
- if type(entry) is type(()):
+ if isinstance(entry, tuple):
c, bases = entry
result = result + prefix + classname(c, modname)
if bases and bases != (parent,):
parents = (classname(c, modname) for c in bases)
result = result + '(%s)' % ', '.join(parents)
result = result + '\n'
- elif type(entry) is type([]):
+ elif isinstance(entry, list):
result = result + self.formattree(
entry, modname, c, prefix + ' ')
return result
@@ -2044,7 +2044,7 @@ has the same effect as typing a particular string at the help> prompt.
return self.input.readline()
def help(self, request):
- if type(request) is type(''):
+ if isinstance(request, str):
request = request.strip()
if request == 'keywords': self.listkeywords()
elif request == 'symbols': self.listsymbols()
@@ -2129,7 +2129,7 @@ module "pydoc_data.topics" could not be found.
if not target:
self.output.write('no documentation found for %s\n' % repr(topic))
return
- if type(target) is type(''):
+ if isinstance(target, str):
return self.showtopic(target, more_xrefs)
label, xrefs = target
diff --git a/Lib/sunau.py b/Lib/sunau.py
index 94c42f1582c..c6caab959ab 100644
--- a/Lib/sunau.py
+++ b/Lib/sunau.py
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ def _write_u32(file, x):
class Au_read:
def __init__(self, f):
- if type(f) == type(''):
+ if isinstance(f, str):
import builtins
f = builtins.open(f, 'rb')
self._opened = True
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ class Au_read:
class Au_write:
def __init__(self, f):
- if type(f) == type(''):
+ if isinstance(f, str):
import builtins
f = builtins.open(f, 'wb')
self._opened = True
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_copyreg.py b/Lib/test/test_copyreg.py
index e3f1cd81aab..e158c19db2d 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_copyreg.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_copyreg.py
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ from test.pickletester import ExtensionSaver
class C:
pass
+def pickle_C(c):
+ return C, ()
+
class WithoutSlots(object):
pass
@@ -32,16 +35,15 @@ class WithInherited(WithSingleString):
class CopyRegTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def test_class(self):
- self.assertRaises(TypeError, copyreg.pickle,
- C, None, None)
+ copyreg.pickle(C, pickle_C)
def test_noncallable_reduce(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, copyreg.pickle,
- type(1), "not a callable")
+ C, "not a callable")
def test_noncallable_constructor(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, copyreg.pickle,
- type(1), int, "not a callable")
+ C, pickle_C, "not a callable")
def test_bool(self):
import copy
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_descr.py b/Lib/test/test_descr.py
index afe0f7e9c7f..9a09d8a9e3f 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_descr.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_descr.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ class ClassPropertiesAndMethods(unittest.TestCase):
def __getitem__(self, key):
return self.get(key, 0)
def __setitem__(self_local, key, value):
- self.assertIsInstance(key, type(0))
+ self.assertIsInstance(key, int)
dict.__setitem__(self_local, key, value)
def setstate(self, state):
self.state = state
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@ class ClassPropertiesAndMethods(unittest.TestCase):
self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 10)
class D(dict, C):
def __init__(self):
- type({}).__init__(self)
+ dict.__init__(self)
C.__init__(self)
d = D()
self.assertEqual(list(d.keys()), [])
@@ -3288,7 +3288,7 @@ order (MRO) for bases """
cant(True, int)
cant(2, bool)
o = object()
- cant(o, type(1))
+ cant(o, int)
cant(o, type(None))
del o
class G(object):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_pprint.py b/Lib/test/test_pprint.py
index c7b98939434..6ea7e7db2ce 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_pprint.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_pprint.py
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ class QueryTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def test_unreadable(self):
# Not recursive but not readable anyway
pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter()
- for unreadable in type(3), pprint, pprint.isrecursive:
+ for unreadable in object(), int, pprint, pprint.isrecursive:
# module-level convenience functions
self.assertFalse(pprint.isrecursive(unreadable),
"expected not isrecursive for %r" % (unreadable,))
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_timeout.py b/Lib/test/test_timeout.py
index fa85c7e6cd8..30e843a423a 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_timeout.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_timeout.py
@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ class CreationTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def testReturnType(self):
# Test return type of gettimeout()
self.sock.settimeout(1)
- self.assertEqual(type(self.sock.gettimeout()), type(1.0))
+ self.assertIs(type(self.sock.gettimeout()), float)
self.sock.settimeout(3.9)
- self.assertEqual(type(self.sock.gettimeout()), type(1.0))
+ self.assertIs(type(self.sock.gettimeout()), float)
def testTypeCheck(self):
# Test type checking by settimeout()
diff --git a/Lib/xmlrpc/client.py b/Lib/xmlrpc/client.py
index a614cef6ab2..bef23f4505e 100644
--- a/Lib/xmlrpc/client.py
+++ b/Lib/xmlrpc/client.py
@@ -850,9 +850,9 @@ class MultiCallIterator:
def __getitem__(self, i):
item = self.results[i]
- if type(item) == type({}):
+ if isinstance(item, dict):
raise Fault(item['faultCode'], item['faultString'])
- elif type(item) == type([]):
+ elif isinstance(item, list):
return item[0]
else:
raise ValueError("unexpected type in multicall result")
diff --git a/Mac/BuildScript/build-installer.py b/Mac/BuildScript/build-installer.py
index 91e2dd6191e..b5bffaff4ed 100755
--- a/Mac/BuildScript/build-installer.py
+++ b/Mac/BuildScript/build-installer.py
@@ -1351,7 +1351,7 @@ def buildPython():
build_time_vars = l_dict['build_time_vars']
vars = {}
for k, v in build_time_vars.items():
- if type(v) == type(''):
+ if isinstance(v, str):
for p in (include_path, lib_path):
v = v.replace(' ' + p, '')
v = v.replace(p + ' ', '')
diff --git a/Tools/scripts/mailerdaemon.py b/Tools/scripts/mailerdaemon.py
index 635e5482e63..9595ee4a015 100755
--- a/Tools/scripts/mailerdaemon.py
+++ b/Tools/scripts/mailerdaemon.py
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ emparse_list_list = [
# compile the re's in the list and store them in-place.
for i in range(len(emparse_list_list)):
x = emparse_list_list[i]
- if type(x) is type(''):
+ if isinstance(x, str):
x = re.compile(x, re.MULTILINE)
else:
xl = []
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ def emparse_list(fp, sub):
emails = []
reason = None
for regexp in emparse_list_list:
- if type(regexp) is type(()):
+ if isinstance(regexp, tuple):
res = regexp[0].search(data, 0, from_index)
if res is not None:
try:
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ def emparse_list(fp, sub):
if reason[:15] == 'returned mail: ':
reason = reason[15:]
for regexp in emparse_list_reason:
- if type(regexp) is type(''):
+ if isinstance(regexp, str):
for i in range(len(emails)-1,-1,-1):
email = emails[i]
exp = re.compile(re.escape(email).join(regexp.split('<>')), re.MULTILINE)