gh-125900: Clean-up logic around immortalization in free-threading (#125901)

* Remove `@suppress_immortalization` decorator
* Make suppression flag per-thread instead of per-interpreter
* Suppress immortalization in `eval()` to avoid refleaks in three tests
  (test_datetime.test_roundtrip, test_logging.test_config8_ok, and
   test_random.test_after_fork).
* frozenset() is constant, but not a singleton. When run multiple times,
  the test could fail due to constant interning.

Include/internal/pycore_gc.h

@@ -342,14 +342,6 @@ struct _gc_runtime_state {
        collections, and are awaiting to undergo a full collection for
        the first time. */
     Py_ssize_t long_lived_pending;
-
-    /* gh-117783: Deferred reference counting is not fully implemented yet, so
-       as a temporary measure we treat objects using deferred reference
-       counting as immortal. The value may be zero, one, or a negative number:
-        0: immortalize deferred RC objects once the first thread is created
-        1: immortalize all deferred RC objects immediately
-        <0: suppressed; don't immortalize objects */
-    int immortalize;
 #endif
 };
 

Include/internal/pycore_tstate.h

@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ typedef struct _PyThreadStateImpl {
         // If set, don't use per-thread refcounts
         int is_finalized;
     } refcounts;
+
+    // When >1, code objects do not immortalize their non-string constants.
+    int suppress_co_const_immortalization;
 #endif
 
 #if defined(Py_REF_DEBUG) && defined(Py_GIL_DISABLED)

Lib/test/libregrtest/main.py

@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ import sysconfig
 import time
 import trace
 
-from test.support import (os_helper, MS_WINDOWS, flush_std_streams,
+from test.support import os_helper, MS_WINDOWS, flush_std_streams
-                          suppress_immortalization)
 
 from .cmdline import _parse_args, Namespace
 from .findtests import findtests, split_test_packages, list_cases
@@ -535,9 +534,6 @@ class Regrtest:
             if self.num_workers:
                 self._run_tests_mp(runtests, self.num_workers)
             else:
-                # gh-117783: don't immortalize deferred objects when tracking
-                # refleaks. Only relevant for the free-threaded build.
-                with suppress_immortalization(runtests.hunt_refleak):
                 self.run_tests_sequentially(runtests)
 
             coverage = self.results.get_coverage_results()

Lib/test/libregrtest/single.py

@@ -304,9 +304,6 @@ def run_single_test(test_name: TestName, runtests: RunTests) -> TestResult:
     result = TestResult(test_name)
     pgo = runtests.pgo
     try:
-        # gh-117783: don't immortalize deferred objects when tracking
-        # refleaks. Only relevant for the free-threaded build.
-        with support.suppress_immortalization(runtests.hunt_refleak):
         _runtest(result, runtests)
     except:
         if not pgo:

Lib/test/seq_tests.py

@@ -426,7 +426,6 @@ class CommonTest(unittest.TestCase):
             self.assertEqual(lst2, lst)
             self.assertNotEqual(id(lst2), id(lst))
 
-    @support.suppress_immortalization()
     def test_free_after_iterating(self):
         support.check_free_after_iterating(self, iter, self.type2test)
         support.check_free_after_iterating(self, reversed, self.type2test)

Lib/test/support/__init__.py

@@ -512,33 +512,6 @@ def has_no_debug_ranges():
 def requires_debug_ranges(reason='requires co_positions / debug_ranges'):
     return unittest.skipIf(has_no_debug_ranges(), reason)
 
-@contextlib.contextmanager
-def suppress_immortalization(suppress=True):
-    """Suppress immortalization of deferred objects."""
-    try:
-        import _testinternalcapi
-    except ImportError:
-        yield
-        return
-
-    if not suppress:
-        yield
-        return
-
-    _testinternalcapi.suppress_immortalization(True)
-    try:
-        yield
-    finally:
-        _testinternalcapi.suppress_immortalization(False)
-
-def skip_if_suppress_immortalization():
-    try:
-        import _testinternalcapi
-    except ImportError:
-        return
-    return unittest.skipUnless(_testinternalcapi.get_immortalize_deferred(),
-                                "requires immortalization of deferred objects")
-
 
 MS_WINDOWS = (sys.platform == 'win32')
 

Lib/test/test_ast/test_ast.py

@@ -2259,7 +2259,7 @@ class ConstantTests(unittest.TestCase):
                          "got an invalid type in Constant: list")
 
     def test_singletons(self):
-        for const in (None, False, True, Ellipsis, b'', frozenset()):
+        for const in (None, False, True, Ellipsis, b''):
             with self.subTest(const=const):
                 value = self.compile_constant(const)
                 self.assertIs(value, const)

Lib/test/test_capi/test_misc.py

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ from test.support import import_helper
 from test.support import threading_helper
 from test.support import warnings_helper
 from test.support import requires_limited_api
-from test.support import suppress_immortalization
 from test.support import expected_failure_if_gil_disabled
 from test.support import Py_GIL_DISABLED
 from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_failure, assert_python_ok, run_python_until_end
@@ -481,7 +480,6 @@ class CAPITest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_null_type_doc(self):
         self.assertEqual(_testcapi.NullTpDocType.__doc__, None)
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_subclass_of_heap_gc_ctype_with_tpdealloc_decrefs_once(self):
         class HeapGcCTypeSubclass(_testcapi.HeapGcCType):
             def __init__(self):
@@ -499,7 +497,6 @@ class CAPITest(unittest.TestCase):
         del subclass_instance
         self.assertEqual(type_refcnt - 1, sys.getrefcount(HeapGcCTypeSubclass))
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_subclass_of_heap_gc_ctype_with_del_modifying_dunder_class_only_decrefs_once(self):
         class A(_testcapi.HeapGcCType):
             def __init__(self):

Lib/test/test_capi/test_watchers.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import contextvars
 from contextlib import contextmanager, ExitStack
 from test.support import (
     catch_unraisable_exception, import_helper,
-    gc_collect, suppress_immortalization)
+    gc_collect)
 
 
 # Skip this test if the _testcapi module isn't available.
@@ -404,7 +404,6 @@ class TestCodeObjectWatchers(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(
             exp_destroyed_1, _testcapi.get_code_watcher_num_destroyed_events(1))
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_code_object_events_dispatched(self):
         # verify that all counts are zero before any watchers are registered
         self.assert_event_counts(0, 0, 0, 0)
@@ -451,7 +450,6 @@ class TestCodeObjectWatchers(unittest.TestCase):
                 self.assertIsNone(cm.unraisable.object)
                 self.assertEqual(str(cm.unraisable.exc_value), "boom!")
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_dealloc_error(self):
         co = _testcapi.code_newempty("test_watchers", "dummy0", 0)
         with self.code_watcher(2):

Lib/test/test_code.py

@@ -141,9 +141,7 @@ except ImportError:
     ctypes = None
 from test.support import (cpython_only,
                           check_impl_detail, requires_debug_ranges,
-                          gc_collect, Py_GIL_DISABLED,
+                          gc_collect, Py_GIL_DISABLED)
-                          suppress_immortalization,
-                          skip_if_suppress_immortalization)
 from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_ok
 from test.support import threading_helper, import_helper
 from test.support.bytecode_helper import instructions_with_positions
@@ -579,7 +577,6 @@ class CodeConstsTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
     @cpython_only
     @unittest.skipUnless(Py_GIL_DISABLED, "does not intern all constants")
-    @skip_if_suppress_immortalization()
     def test_interned_constants(self):
         # compile separately to avoid compile time de-duping
 
@@ -599,7 +596,6 @@ class CodeConstsTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
 class CodeWeakRefTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_basic(self):
         # Create a code object in a clean environment so that we know we have
         # the only reference to it left.
@@ -850,7 +846,6 @@ if check_impl_detail(cpython=True) and ctypes is not None:
             self.assertEqual(GetExtra(f.__code__, FREE_INDEX+100,
                               ctypes.c_voidp(100)), 0)
 
-        @suppress_immortalization()
         def test_free_called(self):
             # Verify that the provided free function gets invoked
             # when the code object is cleaned up.
@@ -878,7 +873,6 @@ if check_impl_detail(cpython=True) and ctypes is not None:
             del f
 
         @threading_helper.requires_working_threading()
-        @suppress_immortalization()
         def test_free_different_thread(self):
             # Freeing a code object on a different thread then
             # where the co_extra was set should be safe.

Lib/test/test_descr.py

@@ -5076,7 +5076,6 @@ class ClassPropertiesAndMethods(unittest.TestCase):
                 cls.lst = [2**i for i in range(10000)]
         X.descr
 
-    @support.suppress_immortalization()
     def test_remove_subclass(self):
         # bpo-46417: when the last subclass of a type is deleted,
         # remove_subclass() clears the internal dictionary of subclasses:

Lib/test/test_functools.py

@@ -1992,7 +1992,6 @@ class TestLRU:
             return 1
         self.assertEqual(f.cache_parameters(), {'maxsize': 1000, "typed": True})
 
-    @support.suppress_immortalization()
     def test_lru_cache_weakrefable(self):
         @self.module.lru_cache
         def test_function(x):

Lib/test/test_gc.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import unittest.mock
 from test import support
 from test.support import (verbose, refcount_test,
                           cpython_only, requires_subprocess,
-                          requires_gil_enabled, suppress_immortalization,
+                          requires_gil_enabled,
                           Py_GIL_DISABLED)
 from test.support.import_helper import import_module
 from test.support.os_helper import temp_dir, TESTFN, unlink
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ class GCTests(unittest.TestCase):
         del l
         self.assertEqual(gc.collect(), 2)
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_class(self):
         class A:
             pass
@@ -119,7 +118,6 @@ class GCTests(unittest.TestCase):
         del A
         self.assertNotEqual(gc.collect(), 0)
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_newstyleclass(self):
         class A(object):
             pass
@@ -136,7 +134,6 @@ class GCTests(unittest.TestCase):
         del a
         self.assertNotEqual(gc.collect(), 0)
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_newinstance(self):
         class A(object):
             pass
@@ -223,7 +220,6 @@ class GCTests(unittest.TestCase):
             self.fail("didn't find obj in garbage (finalizer)")
         gc.garbage.remove(obj)
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_function(self):
         # Tricky: f -> d -> f, code should call d.clear() after the exec to
         # break the cycle.
@@ -566,7 +562,6 @@ class GCTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(gc.get_referents(1, 'a', 4j), [])
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_is_tracked(self):
         # Atomic built-in types are not tracked, user-defined objects and
         # mutable containers are.
@@ -604,8 +599,6 @@ class GCTests(unittest.TestCase):
         class UserIntSlots(int):
             __slots__ = ()
 
-        if not Py_GIL_DISABLED:
-            # gh-117783: modules may be immortalized in free-threaded build
         self.assertTrue(gc.is_tracked(gc))
         self.assertTrue(gc.is_tracked(UserClass))
         self.assertTrue(gc.is_tracked(UserClass()))

Lib/test/test_inspect/test_inspect.py

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ try:
 except ImportError:
     ThreadPoolExecutor = None
 
-from test.support import cpython_only, import_helper, suppress_immortalization
+from test.support import cpython_only, import_helper
 from test.support import MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS, ALWAYS_EQ
 from test.support.import_helper import DirsOnSysPath, ready_to_import
 from test.support.os_helper import TESTFN, temp_cwd
@@ -771,7 +771,6 @@ class TestRetrievingSourceCode(GetSourceBase):
             inspect.getfile(list.append)
         self.assertIn('expected, got', str(e_append.exception))
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_getfile_class_without_module(self):
         class CM(type):
             @property
@@ -2576,7 +2575,6 @@ class TestGetattrStatic(unittest.TestCase):
 
         self.assertFalse(test.called)
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_cache_does_not_cause_classes_to_persist(self):
         # regression test for gh-118013:
         # check that the internal _shadowed_dict cache does not cause

Lib/test/test_module/__init__.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import unittest
 import weakref
 from test.support import gc_collect
 from test.support import import_helper
-from test.support import suppress_immortalization
 from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_ok
 
 import sys
@@ -104,7 +103,6 @@ class ModuleTests(unittest.TestCase):
         gc_collect()
         self.assertEqual(f().__dict__["bar"], 4)
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_clear_dict_in_ref_cycle(self):
         destroyed = []
         m = ModuleType("foo")
@@ -120,7 +118,6 @@ a = A(destroyed)"""
         gc_collect()
         self.assertEqual(destroyed, [1])
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_weakref(self):
         m = ModuleType("foo")
         wr = weakref.ref(m)

Lib/test/test_ordered_dict.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import unittest
 import weakref
 from collections.abc import MutableMapping
 from test import mapping_tests, support
-from test.support import import_helper, suppress_immortalization
+from test.support import import_helper
 
 
 py_coll = import_helper.import_fresh_module('collections',
@@ -669,7 +669,6 @@ class OrderedDictTests:
         dict.update(od, [('spam', 1)])
         self.assertNotIn('NULL', repr(od))
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_reference_loop(self):
         # Issue 25935
         OrderedDict = self.OrderedDict

Lib/test/test_struct.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import sys
 import weakref
 
 from test import support
-from test.support import import_helper, suppress_immortalization
+from test.support import import_helper
 from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_ok
 from test.support.testcase import ComplexesAreIdenticalMixin
 
@@ -697,7 +697,6 @@ class StructTest(ComplexesAreIdenticalMixin, unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIn(b"Exception ignored in:", stderr)
         self.assertIn(b"C.__del__", stderr)
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test__struct_reference_cycle_cleaned_up(self):
         # Regression test for python/cpython#94207.
 

Lib/test/test_trace.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import os
 from pickle import dump
 import sys
-from test.support import captured_stdout, requires_resource, requires_gil_enabled
+from test.support import captured_stdout, requires_resource
 from test.support.os_helper import (TESTFN, rmtree, unlink)
 from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_ok, assert_python_failure
 import textwrap
@@ -301,7 +301,6 @@ class TestFuncs(unittest.TestCase):
 
     @unittest.skipIf(hasattr(sys, 'gettrace') and sys.gettrace(),
                      'pre-existing trace function throws off measurements')
-    @requires_gil_enabled("gh-117783: immortalization of types affects traced method names")
     def test_inst_method_calling(self):
         obj = TracedClass(20)
         self.tracer.runfunc(obj.inst_method_calling, 1)
@@ -335,7 +334,6 @@ class TestCallers(unittest.TestCase):
 
     @unittest.skipIf(hasattr(sys, 'gettrace') and sys.gettrace(),
                      'pre-existing trace function throws off measurements')
-    @requires_gil_enabled("gh-117783: immortalization of types affects traced method names")
     def test_loop_caller_importing(self):
         self.tracer.runfunc(traced_func_importing_caller, 1)
 

Lib/test/test_weakref.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import random
 import textwrap
 
 from test import support
-from test.support import script_helper, ALWAYS_EQ, suppress_immortalization
+from test.support import script_helper, ALWAYS_EQ
 from test.support import gc_collect
 from test.support import import_helper
 from test.support import threading_helper
@@ -659,7 +659,6 @@ class ReferencesTestCase(TestBase):
         # deallocation of c2.
         del c2
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_callback_in_cycle(self):
         import gc
 
@@ -752,7 +751,6 @@ class ReferencesTestCase(TestBase):
         del c1, c2, C, D
         gc.collect()
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_callback_in_cycle_resurrection(self):
         import gc
 
@@ -888,7 +886,6 @@ class ReferencesTestCase(TestBase):
         # No exception should be raised here
         gc.collect()
 
-    @suppress_immortalization()
     def test_classes(self):
         # Check that classes are weakrefable.
         class A(object):

Lib/test/test_zoneinfo/test_zoneinfo.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import unittest
 from datetime import date, datetime, time, timedelta, timezone
 from functools import cached_property
 
-from test.support import MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS, requires_gil_enabled
+from test.support import MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS
 from test.test_zoneinfo import _support as test_support
 from test.test_zoneinfo._support import OS_ENV_LOCK, TZPATH_TEST_LOCK, ZoneInfoTestBase
 from test.support.import_helper import import_module, CleanImport
@@ -1931,7 +1931,6 @@ class ExtensionBuiltTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertFalse(hasattr(c_zoneinfo.ZoneInfo, "_weak_cache"))
         self.assertTrue(hasattr(py_zoneinfo.ZoneInfo, "_weak_cache"))
 
-    @requires_gil_enabled("gh-117783: types may be immortalized")
     def test_gc_tracked(self):
         import gc
 

Modules/_testinternalcapi.c

@@ -1965,32 +1965,6 @@ get_py_thread_id(PyObject *self, PyObject *Py_UNUSED(ignored))
 }
 #endif
 
-static PyObject *
-suppress_immortalization(PyObject *self, PyObject *value)
-{
-#ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
-    int suppress = PyObject_IsTrue(value);
-    if (suppress < 0) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    PyInterpreterState *interp = PyInterpreterState_Get();
-    // Subtract two to suppress immortalization (so that 1 -> -1)
-    _Py_atomic_add_int(&interp->gc.immortalize, suppress ? -2 : 2);
-#endif
-    Py_RETURN_NONE;
-}
-
-static PyObject *
-get_immortalize_deferred(PyObject *self, PyObject *Py_UNUSED(ignored))
-{
-#ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
-    PyInterpreterState *interp = PyInterpreterState_Get();
-    return PyBool_FromLong(_Py_atomic_load_int(&interp->gc.immortalize) >= 0);
-#else
-    Py_RETURN_FALSE;
-#endif
-}
-
 static PyObject *
 has_inline_values(PyObject *self, PyObject *obj)
 {
@@ -2137,8 +2111,6 @@ static PyMethodDef module_functions[] = {
 #ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
     {"py_thread_id", get_py_thread_id, METH_NOARGS},
 #endif
-    {"suppress_immortalization", suppress_immortalization, METH_O},
-    {"get_immortalize_deferred", get_immortalize_deferred, METH_NOARGS},
 #ifdef _Py_TIER2
     {"uop_symbols_test", _Py_uop_symbols_test, METH_NOARGS},
 #endif

Objects/codeobject.c

@@ -108,14 +108,8 @@ should_intern_string(PyObject *o)
 {
 #ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
     // The free-threaded build interns (and immortalizes) all string constants
-    // unless we've disabled immortalizing objects that use deferred reference
-    // counting.
-    PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
-    if (_Py_atomic_load_int(&interp->gc.immortalize) < 0) {
     return 1;
-    }
+#else
-#endif
-
     // compute if s matches [a-zA-Z0-9_]
     const unsigned char *s, *e;
 
@@ -129,6 +123,7 @@ should_intern_string(PyObject *o)
             return 0;
     }
     return 1;
+#endif
 }
 
 #ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
@@ -237,13 +232,10 @@ intern_constants(PyObject *tuple, int *modified)
             Py_DECREF(tmp);
         }
 
-        // Intern non-string constants in the free-threaded build, but only if
+        // Intern non-string constants in the free-threaded build
-        // we are also immortalizing objects that use deferred reference
+        _PyThreadStateImpl *tstate = (_PyThreadStateImpl *)_PyThreadState_GET();
-        // counting.
-        PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
         if (!_Py_IsImmortal(v) && !PyCode_Check(v) &&
-            !PyUnicode_CheckExact(v) &&
+            !PyUnicode_CheckExact(v) && !tstate->suppress_co_const_immortalization)
-            _Py_atomic_load_int(&tstate->interp->gc.immortalize) >= 0)
         {
             PyObject *interned = intern_one_constant(v);
             if (interned == NULL) {

Python/bltinmodule.c

@@ -867,18 +867,17 @@ builtin_compile_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *source, PyObject *filename,
         goto error;
 
 #ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
-    // gh-118527: Disable immortalization of code constants for explicit
+    // Disable immortalization of code constants for explicit
     // compile() calls to get consistent frozen outputs between the default
     // and free-threaded builds.
-    // Subtract two to suppress immortalization (so that 1 -> -1)
+    _PyThreadStateImpl *tstate = (_PyThreadStateImpl *)_PyThreadState_GET();
-    PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
+    tstate->suppress_co_const_immortalization++;
-    _Py_atomic_add_int(&interp->gc.immortalize, -2);
 #endif
 
     result = Py_CompileStringObject(str, filename, start[compile_mode], &cf, optimize);
 
 #ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
-    _Py_atomic_add_int(&interp->gc.immortalize, 2);
+    tstate->suppress_co_const_immortalization--;
 #endif
 
     Py_XDECREF(source_copy);
@@ -1024,7 +1023,16 @@ builtin_eval_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *source, PyObject *globals,
             str++;
 
         (void)PyEval_MergeCompilerFlags(&cf);
+#ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
+        // Don't immortalize code constants for explicit eval() calls
+        // to avoid memory leaks.
+        _PyThreadStateImpl *tstate = (_PyThreadStateImpl *)_PyThreadState_GET();
+        tstate->suppress_co_const_immortalization++;
+#endif
         result = PyRun_StringFlags(str, Py_eval_input, globals, locals, &cf);
+#ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
+        tstate->suppress_co_const_immortalization--;
+#endif
         Py_XDECREF(source_copy);
     }