mirror of https://github.com/python/cpython
bpo-37759: Polish What's New in Python 3.8. (#16769)
This commit is contained in:
Serhiy Storchaka
Łukasz Langa
parent
19d6842c15
commit
298439ce3f
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@ -212,6 +212,7 @@ subdirectories).
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(Contributed by Carl Meyer in :issue:`33499`.)
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Debug build uses the same ABI as release build
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-----------------------------------------------
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@ -285,6 +286,7 @@ calculations can be shown::
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(Contributed by Eric V. Smith and Larry Hastings in :issue:`36817`.)
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PEP 587: Python Initialization Configuration
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--------------------------------------------
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@ -411,7 +413,8 @@ Other Language Changes
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* The syntax allowed for keyword names in function calls was further
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restricted. In particular, ``f((keyword)=arg)`` is no longer allowed. It was
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never intended to permit more than a bare name on the left-hand side of a
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keyword argument assignment term. See :issue:`34641`.
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keyword argument assignment term.
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(Contributed by Benjamin Peterson in :issue:`34641`.)
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* Generalized iterable unpacking in :keyword:`yield` and
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:keyword:`return` statements no longer requires enclosing parentheses.
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@ -425,7 +428,6 @@ Other Language Changes
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>>> parse('simpsons homer marge bart lisa sally')
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('SIMPSONS', 'homer', 'marge', 'bart', 'lisa', 'sally')
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(Contributed by David Cuthbert and Jordan Chapman in :issue:`32117`.)
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* When a comma is missed in code such as ``[(10, 20) (30, 40)]``, the
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@ -521,6 +523,8 @@ Other Language Changes
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'łukasz langa': 'Łukasz Langa',
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'walter dörwald': 'Walter Dörwald'}
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(Contributed by Jörn Heissler in :issue:`35224`.)
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New Modules
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===========
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@ -544,13 +548,12 @@ New Modules
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PackagePath('requests-2.22.0.dist-info/RECORD'),
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PackagePath('requests-2.22.0.dist-info/WHEEL')]
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(Contributed in :issue:`34632` by Barry Warsaw and Jason R. Coombs.)
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(Contributed by Barry Warsaw and Jason R. Coombs in :issue:`34632`.)
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Improved Modules
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================
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ast
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---
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@ -558,6 +561,11 @@ AST nodes now have ``end_lineno`` and ``end_col_offset`` attributes,
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which give the precise location of the end of the node. (This only
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applies to nodes that have ``lineno`` and ``col_offset`` attributes.)
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New function :func:`ast.get_source_segment` returns the source code
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for a specific AST node.
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(Contributed by Ivan Levkivskyi in :issue:`33416`.)
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The :func:`ast.parse` function has some new flags:
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* ``type_comments=True`` causes it to return the text of :pep:`484` and
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@ -570,8 +578,7 @@ The :func:`ast.parse` function has some new flags:
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version. (For example, ``feature_version=(3, 4)`` will treat
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``async`` and ``await`` as non-reserved words.)
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New function :func:`ast.get_source_segment` returns the source code
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for a specific AST node.
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(Contributed by Guido van Rossum in :issue:`35766`.)
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asyncio
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@ -596,7 +603,6 @@ The :func:`compile` built-in has been improved to accept the
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:func:`compile` will allow top-level ``await``, ``async for`` and ``async with``
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constructs that are usually considered invalid syntax. Asynchronous code object
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marked with the ``CO_COROUTINE`` flag may then be returned.
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(Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier in :issue:`34616`)
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@ -627,6 +633,7 @@ to specify flags for the underlying ``LoadLibraryEx`` call. The default flags ar
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set to only load DLL dependencies from trusted locations, including the path
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where the DLL is stored (if a full or partial path is used to load the initial
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DLL) and paths added by :func:`~os.add_dll_directory`.
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(Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`36085`.)
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datetime
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@ -660,8 +667,8 @@ gc
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--
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:func:`~gc.get_objects` can now receive an optional *generation* parameter
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indicating a generation to get objects from. Contributed in
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:issue:`36016` by Pablo Galindo.
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indicating a generation to get objects from.
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(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`36016`.)
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gettext
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@ -723,6 +730,8 @@ for :func:`property`, :func:`classmethod`, and :func:`staticmethod`::
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self.bit_rate = round(bit_rate / 1000.0, 1)
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self.duration = ceil(duration)
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(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`36326`.)
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io
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--
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@ -780,7 +789,7 @@ multiprocessing
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---------------
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Added new :mod:`multiprocessing.shared_memory` module.
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(Contributed Davin Potts in :issue:`35813`.)
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(Contributed by Davin Potts in :issue:`35813`.)
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On macOS, the *spawn* start method is now used by default.
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(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`33725`.)
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@ -792,6 +801,7 @@ os
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Added new function :func:`~os.add_dll_directory` on Windows for providing
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additional search paths for native dependencies when importing extension
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modules or loading DLLs using :mod:`ctypes`.
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(Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`36085`.)
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A new :func:`os.memfd_create` function was added to wrap the
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``memfd_create()`` syscall.
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@ -812,6 +822,8 @@ and so code that checks ``islink`` first will continue to treat junctions as
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directories, while code that handles errors from :func:`os.readlink` may now
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treat junctions as links.
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(Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`37834`.)
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os.path
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-------
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@ -827,6 +839,7 @@ characters or bytes unrepresentable at the OS level.
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:func:`~os.path.expanduser` on Windows now prefers the :envvar:`USERPROFILE`
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environment variable and does not use :envvar:`HOME`, which is not normally set
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for regular user accounts.
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(Contributed by Anthony Sottile in :issue:`36264`.)
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:func:`~os.path.isdir` on Windows no longer returns true for a link to a
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non-existent directory.
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@ -834,6 +847,8 @@ non-existent directory.
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:func:`~os.path.realpath` on Windows now resolves reparse points, including
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symlinks and directory junctions.
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(Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`37834`.)
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pathlib
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-------
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@ -883,11 +898,12 @@ py_compile
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shlex
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----------
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-----
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The new :func:`shlex.join` function acts as the inverse of :func:`shlex.split`.
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(Contributed by Bo Bayles in :issue:`32102`.)
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shutil
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------
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@ -901,6 +917,7 @@ inherited from the corresponding change to the :mod:`tarfile` module.
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:func:`shutil.rmtree` on Windows now removes directory junctions without
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recursively removing their contents first.
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(Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`37834`.)
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socket
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@ -995,18 +1012,18 @@ in a standardized and extensible format, and offers several other benefits.
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threading
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---------
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* Add a new :func:`threading.excepthook` function which handles uncaught
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:meth:`threading.Thread.run` exception. It can be overridden to control how
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uncaught :meth:`threading.Thread.run` exceptions are handled.
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(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`1230540`.)
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Add a new :func:`threading.excepthook` function which handles uncaught
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:meth:`threading.Thread.run` exception. It can be overridden to control how
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uncaught :meth:`threading.Thread.run` exceptions are handled.
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(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`1230540`.)
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* Add a new
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:func:`threading.get_native_id` function and a :data:`~threading.Thread.native_id`
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attribute to the :class:`threading.Thread` class. These return the native
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integral Thread ID of the current thread assigned by the kernel.
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This feature is only available on certain platforms, see
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:func:`get_native_id <threading.get_native_id>` for more information.
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(Contributed by Jake Tesler in :issue:`36084`.)
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Add a new :func:`threading.get_native_id` function and
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a :data:`~threading.Thread.native_id`
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attribute to the :class:`threading.Thread` class. These return the native
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integral Thread ID of the current thread assigned by the kernel.
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This feature is only available on certain platforms, see
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:func:`get_native_id <threading.get_native_id>` for more information.
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(Contributed by Jake Tesler in :issue:`36084`.)
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tokenize
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@ -1017,6 +1034,7 @@ provided with input that does not have a trailing new line. This behavior
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now matches what the C tokenizer does internally.
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(Contributed by Ammar Askar in :issue:`33899`.)
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tkinter
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-------
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@ -1036,6 +1054,7 @@ The :class:`tkinter.PhotoImage` class now has
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:meth:`~tkinter.PhotoImage.transparency_set` methods. (Contributed by
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Zackery Spytz in :issue:`25451`.)
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time
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----
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@ -1084,95 +1103,98 @@ The :mod:`typing` module incorporates several new features:
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unicodedata
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-----------
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* The :mod:`unicodedata` module has been upgraded to use the `Unicode 12.1.0
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<http://blog.unicode.org/2019/05/unicode-12-1-en.html>`_ release.
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The :mod:`unicodedata` module has been upgraded to use the `Unicode 12.1.0
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<http://blog.unicode.org/2019/05/unicode-12-1-en.html>`_ release.
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* New function :func:`~unicodedata.is_normalized` can be used to verify a string
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is in a specific normal form, often much faster than by actually normalizing
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the string. (Contributed by Max Belanger, David Euresti, and Greg Price in
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:issue:`32285` and :issue:`37966`).
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New function :func:`~unicodedata.is_normalized` can be used to verify a string
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is in a specific normal form, often much faster than by actually normalizing
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the string. (Contributed by Max Belanger, David Euresti, and Greg Price in
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:issue:`32285` and :issue:`37966`).
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unittest
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--------
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* Added :class:`AsyncMock` to support an asynchronous version of :class:`Mock`.
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Appropriate new assert functions for testing have been added as well.
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(Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:`26467`).
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Added :class:`AsyncMock` to support an asynchronous version of :class:`Mock`.
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Appropriate new assert functions for testing have been added as well.
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(Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:`26467`).
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* Added :func:`~unittest.addModuleCleanup()` and
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:meth:`~unittest.TestCase.addClassCleanup()` to unittest to support
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cleanups for :func:`~unittest.setUpModule()` and
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:meth:`~unittest.TestCase.setUpClass()`.
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(Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:`24412`.)
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Added :func:`~unittest.addModuleCleanup()` and
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:meth:`~unittest.TestCase.addClassCleanup()` to unittest to support
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cleanups for :func:`~unittest.setUpModule()` and
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:meth:`~unittest.TestCase.setUpClass()`.
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(Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:`24412`.)
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* Several mock assert functions now also print a list of actual calls upon
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failure. (Contributed by Petter Strandmark in :issue:`35047`.)
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Several mock assert functions now also print a list of actual calls upon
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failure. (Contributed by Petter Strandmark in :issue:`35047`.)
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* :mod:`unittest` module gained support for coroutines to be used as test cases
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with :class:`unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase`.
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(Contributed by Andrew Svetlov in :issue:`32972`.)
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:mod:`unittest` module gained support for coroutines to be used as test cases
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with :class:`unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase`.
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(Contributed by Andrew Svetlov in :issue:`32972`.)
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Example::
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Example::
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import unittest
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import unittest
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class TestRequest(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
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class TestRequest(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
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async def asyncSetUp(self):
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self.connection = await AsyncConnection()
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async def asyncSetUp(self):
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self.connection = await AsyncConnection()
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async def test_get(self):
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response = await self.connection.get("https://example.com")
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self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
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async def test_get(self):
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response = await self.connection.get("https://example.com")
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self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
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async def asyncTearDown(self):
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await self.connection.close()
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async def asyncTearDown(self):
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await self.connection.close()
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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unittest.main()
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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unittest.main()
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venv
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----
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* :mod:`venv` now includes an ``Activate.ps1`` script on all platforms for
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activating virtual environments under PowerShell Core 6.1.
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(Contributed by Brett Cannon in :issue:`32718`.)
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:mod:`venv` now includes an ``Activate.ps1`` script on all platforms for
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activating virtual environments under PowerShell Core 6.1.
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(Contributed by Brett Cannon in :issue:`32718`.)
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weakref
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-------
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* The proxy objects returned by :func:`weakref.proxy` now support the matrix
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multiplication operators ``@`` and ``@=`` in addition to the other
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numeric operators. (Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36669`.)
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The proxy objects returned by :func:`weakref.proxy` now support the matrix
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multiplication operators ``@`` and ``@=`` in addition to the other
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numeric operators. (Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36669`.)
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xml
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---
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* As mitigation against DTD and external entity retrieval, the
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:mod:`xml.dom.minidom` and :mod:`xml.sax` modules no longer process
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external entities by default.
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(Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`17239`.)
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As mitigation against DTD and external entity retrieval, the
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:mod:`xml.dom.minidom` and :mod:`xml.sax` modules no longer process
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external entities by default.
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(Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`17239`.)
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* The ``.find*()`` methods in the :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module
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support wildcard searches like ``{*}tag`` which ignores the namespace
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and ``{namespace}*`` which returns all tags in the given namespace.
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(Contributed by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`28238`.)
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The ``.find*()`` methods in the :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module
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support wildcard searches like ``{*}tag`` which ignores the namespace
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and ``{namespace}*`` which returns all tags in the given namespace.
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(Contributed by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`28238`.)
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* The :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module provides a new function
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:func:`–xml.etree.ElementTree.canonicalize()` that implements C14N 2.0.
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(Contributed by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`13611`.)
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The :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module provides a new function
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:func:`–xml.etree.ElementTree.canonicalize()` that implements C14N 2.0.
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(Contributed by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`13611`.)
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The target object of :class:`xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser` can
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receive namespace declaration events through the new callback methods
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``start_ns()`` and ``end_ns()``. Additionally, the
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:class:`xml.etree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder` target can be configured
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to process events about comments and processing instructions to include
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them in the generated tree.
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(Contributed by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`36676` and :issue:`36673`.)
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* The target object of :class:`xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser` can
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receive namespace declaration events through the new callback methods
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``start_ns()`` and ``end_ns()``. Additionally, the
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:class:`xml.etree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder` target can be configured
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to process events about comments and processing instructions to include
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them in the generated tree.
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(Contributed by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`36676` and :issue:`36673`.)
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Optimizations
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=============
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@ -1220,6 +1242,7 @@ Optimizations
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(Contributed by Inada Naoki in :issue:`33597`)
|
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* :class:`uuid.UUID` now uses ``__slots__`` to reduce its memory footprint.
|
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(Contributed by Wouter Bolsterlee and Tal Einat in :issue:`30977`)
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* Improved performance of :func:`operator.itemgetter` by 33%. Optimized
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argument handling and added a fast path for the common case of a single
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@ -1412,7 +1435,8 @@ Deprecated
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for the ``l*gettext()`` functions.
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(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`33710`.)
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* The :meth:`~threading.Thread.isAlive()` method of :class:`threading.Thread` has been deprecated.
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* The :meth:`~threading.Thread.isAlive()` method of :class:`threading.Thread`
|
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has been deprecated.
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(Contributed by Dong-hee Na in :issue:`35283`.)
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* Many builtin and extension functions that take integer arguments will
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@ -1516,7 +1540,7 @@ Changes in Python behavior
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* The compiler now produces a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` when identity checks
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(``is`` and ``is not``) are used with certain types of literals
|
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(e.g. strings, ints). These can often work by accident in CPython,
|
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(e.g. strings, numbers). These can often work by accident in CPython,
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but are not guaranteed by the language spec. The warning advises users
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to use equality tests (``==`` and ``!=``) instead.
|
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(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`34850`.)
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|
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@ -1545,6 +1569,8 @@ Changes in Python behavior
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:c:func:`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS`, and :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure`. If this
|
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behavior is not desired, guard the call by checking :c:func:`_Py_IsFinalizing`
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or :c:func:`sys.is_finalizing`.
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(Contributed by Joannah Nanjekye in :issue:`36475`.)
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Changes in the Python API
|
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-------------------------
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|
|
@ -1569,6 +1595,7 @@ Changes in the Python API
|
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|
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* The :meth:`imap.IMAP4.logout` method no longer ignores silently arbitrary
|
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exceptions.
|
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(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36348`.)
|
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|
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* The function :func:`platform.popen` has been removed, after having been deprecated since
|
||||
Python 3.3: use :func:`os.popen` instead.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1657,8 +1684,9 @@ Changes in the Python API
|
|||
* :func:`~os.path.expanduser` on Windows now prefers the :envvar:`USERPROFILE`
|
||||
environment variable and does not use :envvar:`HOME`, which is not normally
|
||||
set for regular user accounts.
|
||||
(Contributed by Anthony Sottile in :issue:`36264`.)
|
||||
|
||||
* The Exception :class:`asyncio.CancelledError` now inherits from
|
||||
* The exception :class:`asyncio.CancelledError` now inherits from
|
||||
:class:`BaseException` rather than a :class:`Exception`.
|
||||
(Contributed by Yury Selivanov in :issue:`13528`.)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1675,7 +1703,7 @@ Changes in the Python API
|
|||
directory while loading your library. Note that Windows 7 users will need to
|
||||
ensure that Windows Update KB2533625 has been installed (this is also verified
|
||||
by the installer).
|
||||
(See :issue:`36085`.)
|
||||
(Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`36085`.)
|
||||
|
||||
* The header files and functions related to pgen have been removed after its
|
||||
replacement by a pure Python implementation. (Contributed by Pablo Galindo
|
||||
|
|
@ -1696,6 +1724,7 @@ Changes in the C API
|
|||
field. It should be initialized to ``PY_MINOR_VERSION``. The field is ignored
|
||||
by default, and is used if and only if ``PyCF_ONLY_AST`` flag is set in
|
||||
*cf_flags*.
|
||||
(Contributed by Guido van Rossum in :issue:`35766`.)
|
||||
|
||||
* The :c:func:`PyEval_ReInitThreads` function has been removed from the C API.
|
||||
It should not be called explicitly: use :c:func:`PyOS_AfterFork_Child`
|
||||
|
|
@ -1742,7 +1771,9 @@ Changes in the C API
|
|||
:c:func:`PyObject_GC_NewVar`, or any other custom allocator that uses
|
||||
:c:func:`PyObject_Init` or :c:func:`PyObject_INIT`.
|
||||
|
||||
Example::
|
||||
Example:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: c
|
||||
|
||||
static foo_struct *
|
||||
foo_new(PyObject *type) {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1759,7 +1790,9 @@ Changes in the C API
|
|||
* Ensure that all custom ``tp_dealloc`` functions of heap-allocated types
|
||||
decrease the type's reference count.
|
||||
|
||||
Example::
|
||||
Example:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: c
|
||||
|
||||
static void
|
||||
foo_dealloc(foo_struct *instance) {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1776,7 +1809,9 @@ Changes in the C API
|
|||
* The :c:macro:`Py_DEPRECATED()` macro has been implemented for MSVC.
|
||||
The macro now must be placed before the symbol name.
|
||||
|
||||
Example::
|
||||
Example:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: c
|
||||
|
||||
Py_DEPRECATED(3.8) PyAPI_FUNC(int) Py_OldFunction(void);
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1797,12 +1832,12 @@ Changes in the C API
|
|||
* The functions :c:func:`PyNode_AddChild` and :c:func:`PyParser_AddToken` now accept
|
||||
two additional ``int`` arguments *end_lineno* and *end_col_offset*.
|
||||
|
||||
.. highlight:: shell
|
||||
|
||||
* The :file:`libpython38.a` file to allow MinGW tools to link directly against
|
||||
:file:`python38.dll` is no longer included in the regular Windows distribution.
|
||||
If you require this file, it may be generated with the ``gendef`` and
|
||||
``dlltool`` tools, which are part of the MinGW binutils package::
|
||||
``dlltool`` tools, which are part of the MinGW binutils package:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: shell
|
||||
|
||||
gendef python38.dll > tmp.def
|
||||
dlltool --dllname python38.dll --def tmp.def --output-lib libpython38.a
|
||||
|
|
@ -1813,7 +1848,7 @@ Changes in the C API
|
|||
placed in the same directory as :file:`pythonXY.lib`, which is generally the
|
||||
:file:`libs` directory under your Python installation.
|
||||
|
||||
.. highlight:: python3
|
||||
(Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`37351`.)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
CPython bytecode changes
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue