Add minimal issue templates (#91569)

* Add minimal issue templates
* Wording tweaks
* Apply suggestions from code review
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
* Improve words in `security` template
* Update bug.md
* Update crash.md
* Add link to security vulnerability website from first page
* Never edit on your phone
* Apply suggestions from code review
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
* Update .github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
* Apply suggestions from code review
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
* Apply suggestions from code review
Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Erlend Egeberg Aasland <erlend.aasland@innova.no>
* There might not be a traceback if there's a crash
Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
* Update .github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
* Reorder `config.yml` file
* Fix Erlend's nits
* version -> architecture
* Apply suggestions from code review
Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Erlend Egeberg Aasland <erlend.aasland@innova.no>

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+---
+name: Bug report
+about: Submit a bug report
+labels: "type-bug"
+---
+
+<!--
+  If you're new to Python and you're not sure whether what you're experiencing is a bug, the CPython issue tracker is not
+  the right place to seek help. Consider the following options instead:
+
+  - reading the Python tutorial: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/
+  - posting in the "Users" category on discuss.python.org: https://discuss.python.org/c/users/7
+  - emailing the Python-list mailing list: https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
+  - searching our issue tracker (https://github.com/python/cpython/issues) to see if
+    your problem has already been reported
+-->
+
+**Bug report**
+
+A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
+Include a minimal, reproducible example (https://stackoverflow.com/help/minimal-reproducible-example), if possible.
+
+**Your environment**
+
+<!-- Include as many relevant details as possible about the environment you experienced the bug in -->
+
+- CPython versions tested on:
+- Operating system and architecture:
+
+<!--
+You can freely edit this text. Remove any lines you believe are unnecessary.
+-->

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+contact_links:
+  - name: "Getting help"
+    about: "Ask questions about using Python and debugging errors on Discourse."
+    url: "https://discuss.python.org/c/users/7"
+  - name: "Proposing new features"
+    about: "Submit major feature proposal (e.g. syntax changes) to an ideas forum first."
+    url: "https://discuss.python.org/c/ideas/6"
+  - name: "Reporting security vulnerabilities"
+    about: "See here for details on reporting security vulnerabilities in CPython"
+    url: "https://www.python.org/dev/security/"

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/crash.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+name: Crash report
+about: A hard crash of the interpreter, possibly with a core dump
+labels: "type-crash"
+---
+
+<!--
+  Use this template for hard crashes of the interpreter, segmentation faults, failed C-level assertions, and similar.
+  Do not submit this form if you encounter an exception being unexpectedly raised from a Python function.
+  Most of the time, these should be filed as bugs, rather than crashes.
+
+  The CPython interpreter is itself written in a different programming language, C.
+  For CPython, a "crash" is when Python itself fails, leading to a traceback in the C stack.
+-->
+
+**Crash report**
+
+Tell us what happened, ideally including a minimal, reproducible example (https://stackoverflow.com/help/minimal-reproducible-example).
+
+**Error messages**
+
+Enter any relevant error message caused by the crash, including a core dump if there is one.
+
+**Your environment**
+
+<!-- Include as many relevant details as possible about the environment you experienced the bug in -->
+
+- CPython versions tested on:
+- Operating system and architecture:
+
+<!--
+You can freely edit this text. Remove any lines you believe are unnecessary.
+-->

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/documentation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+name: Documentation
+about: Report a problem with the documentation
+labels: "docs"
+---
+
+**Documentation**
+
+(A clear and concise description of the issue.)

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+---
+name: Feature or enhancement
+about: Submit a proposal for a new CPython feature or enhancement
+labels: "type-feature"
+---
+
+**Feature or enhancement**
+
+(A clear and concise description of your proposal.)
+
+**Pitch**
+
+(Explain why this feature or enhacement should be implemented and how it would be used.
+ Add examples, if applicable.)
+
+**Previous discussion**
+
+<!--
+  New features to Python should first be discussed elsewhere before creating issues on GitHub,
+  for example in the "ideas" category (https://discuss.python.org/c/ideas/6) of discuss.python.org,
+  or the python-ideas mailing list (https://mail.python.org/mailman3/lists/python-ideas.python.org/).
+  Use this space to post links to the places where you have already discussed this feature proposal:
+-->
+
+
+<!--
+You can freely edit this text. Remove any lines you believe are unnecessary.
+-->

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/security.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+---
+name: Security vulnerability report
+about: Submit a report regarding a security vulnerability
+labels: "type-security"
+---
+
+<!--
+  Note that security issues should generally first be sent to the "security at python dot org" email address.
+  See here for further details: https://www.python.org/dev/security/
+-->
+
+**Security vulnerability report**
+
+A description of what the security vulnerability is.
+
+**Your environment**
+
+<!-- Include as many relevant details about your environment as possible -->
+
+- CPython versions tested on:
+- Operating system and architecture:
+
+<!--
+You can freely edit this text. Remove any lines you believe are unnecessary.
+-->